MySQLの照合順序 ref: http://qiita.com/Vit-Symty/items/159c27d7d62c78ee9ce7

ddl.sql

drop table if exists `utf8_bin`;
create table `utf8_bin`
( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `str` varchar(255),
  `num` int(11),
  primary key (`id`)
)
engine=InnoDB
default character set utf8 collate utf8_bin
;

drop table if exists `utf8_general_ci`;
create table `utf8_general_ci`
( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `str` varchar(255),
  `num` int(11),
  primary key (`id`)
)
engine=InnoDB
default character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci
;

drop table if exists `utf8_unicode_ci`;
create table `utf8_unicode_ci`
( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `str` varchar(255),
  `num` int(11),
  primary key (`id`)
)
engine=InnoDB
default character set utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci
;

dml_test.sql

select '## str = a(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'a'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'a'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'a'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = A(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'A'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'A'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'A'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = ａ(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'ａ'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'ａ'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'ａ'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = Ａ(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'Ａ'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'Ａ'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'Ａ'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = あ(大文字)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'あ'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'あ'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'あ'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = ぁ(小文字)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'ぁ'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'ぁ'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'ぁ'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = ア(大文字)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'ア'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'ア'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'ア'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = ァ(小文字)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = 'ァ'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = 'ァ'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = 'ァ'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = 高橋' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '高橋'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '高橋'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '高橋'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = 髙橋' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '髙橋'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '髙橋'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '髙橋'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = -(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '-'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '-'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '-'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = −(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '−'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '−'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '−'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = +(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '+'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '+'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '+'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = ＋(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '＋'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '＋'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '＋'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = 0(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '0'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '0'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '0'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = ０(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '０'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '０'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '０'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = 1(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '1'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '1'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '1'
;
show warnings;

select '## str = １(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` = '１'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` = '１'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` = '１'
;
show warnings;

select '## str like \'高%\'' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` like '高%'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` like '高%'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` like '高%'
;
show warnings;

select '## str like \'髙%\'' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_bin` where `str` like '髙%'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_general_ci` where `str` like '髙%'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `str` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `str` like '髙%'
;
show warnings;

select '## num = 0' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` = 0
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` = 0
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` = 0
;
show warnings;

select '## num = a(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` = 'a'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` = 'a'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` = 'a'
;
show warnings;

select '## num = A(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` = 'A'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` = 'A'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` = 'A'
;
show warnings;

select '## num = AAA(半角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` = 'AAA'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` = 'AAA'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` = 'AAA'
;
show warnings;

select '## num = ａ(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` = 'ａ'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` = 'ａ'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` = 'ａ'
;
show warnings;

select '## num = Ａ(全角)' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` = 'Ａ'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` = 'Ａ'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` = 'Ａ'
;
show warnings;

select '## num like \'1%\'' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` like '1%'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` like '1%'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` like '1%'
;
show warnings;

select '## num like \'a%\'' as '実行内容';
select 'utf8_bin' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_bin` where `num` like 'a%'
union select 'utf8_general_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_general_ci` where `num` like 'a%'
union select 'utf8_unicode_ci' as 'table', `id`, `num` from `utf8_unicode_ci` where `num` like 'a%'
;
show warnings;

dml_testdata.sql

insert into `utf8_bin`(`str`, `num`)
values
('a', null),
('ａ', null),
('A', null),
('Ａ', null),
('あ', null),
('ぁ', null),
('ア', null),
('ァ', null),
('高橋', null),
('髙橋', null),
('-', null),
('−', null),
('+', null),
('＋', null),
('0', null),
('０', null),
('1', null),
('１', null),
(null, 0),
(null, 1),
(null, 9),
(null,  100)
;

insert into `utf8_general_ci`(`str`, `num`) select `str`, `num` from `utf8_bin`;

insert into `utf8_unicode_ci`(`str`, `num`) select `str`, `num` from `utf8_bin`;