検証：パーティショニングテーブルの挙動 ref: http://qiita.com/hit/items/3dea20c9f5872edc8909

file0.sql

create table pt_test
(
id int not null,
detail varchar(20),
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

file1.sql

alter table pt_test
PARTITION BY RANGE (id) (
PARTITION p01 VALUES LESS THAN (5000),
PARTITION p02 VALUES LESS THAN (10000),
PARTITION p03 VALUES LESS THAN (15000),
PARTITION p04 VALUES LESS THAN (20000),
PARTITION p05 VALUES LESS THAN (25000),
PARTITION p06 VALUES LESS THAN (30000),
PARTITION p07 VALUES LESS THAN (35000),
PARTITION p08 VALUES LESS THAN (40000),
PARTITION p09 VALUES LESS THAN (45000),
PARTITION p10 VALUES LESS THAN (50000),
PARTITION pover VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);

file2.sql

mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,PARTITION_ORDINAL_POSITION,TABLE_ROWS from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_NAME='pt_test';

+--------------+------------+----------------+----------------------------+------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | PARTITION_NAME | PARTITION_ORDINAL_POSITION | TABLE_ROWS |
+--------------+------------+----------------+----------------------------+------------+
| test_db      | pt_test    | p01            |                          1 |       4999 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p02            |                          2 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p03            |                          3 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p04            |                          4 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p05            |                          5 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p06            |                          6 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p07            |                          7 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p08            |                          8 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p09            |                          9 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | p10            |                         10 |       5000 |
| test_db      | pt_test    | pover          |                         11 |      15537 |
+--------------+------------+----------------+----------------------------+------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

file3.sql

mysql> explain partitions select * from pt_test where id < 10000;
+----+-------------+---------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table   | partitions | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra       |
+----+-------------+---------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | pt_test | p01,p02    | ALL  | PRIMARY       | NULL | NULL    | NULL | 9999 | Using where |
+----+-------------+---------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> explain partitions select * from pt_test where id < 10000 limit 100;
+----+-------------+---------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table   | partitions | type  | possible_keys | key     | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra       |
+----+-------------+---------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | pt_test | p01,p02    | range | PRIMARY       | PRIMARY | 4       | NULL | 9957 | Using where |
+----+-------------+---------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

file4.sql

mysql> explain partitions select * from pt_test where id > 5000 and id < 10000 limit 100;
+----+-------------+---------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table   | partitions | type  | possible_keys | key     | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra       |
+----+-------------+---------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | pt_test | p02        | range | PRIMARY       | PRIMARY | 4       | NULL | 4981 | Using where |
+----+-------------+---------+------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> explain partitions select * from pt_test where id < 40000 limit 10000;

+----+-------------+---------+---------------------------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+-------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table   | partitions                      | type  | possible_keys | key     | key_len | ref  | rows  | Extra       |
+----+-------------+---------+---------------------------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+-------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | pt_test | p01,p02,p03,p04,p05,p06,p07,p08 | range | PRIMARY       | PRIMARY | 4       | NULL | 39855 | Using where |
+----+-------------+---------+---------------------------------+-------+---------------+---------+---------+------+-------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)