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Mumble Authenticator for Discourse
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8
# Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Stefan Hacker <dd0t@users.sourceforge.net>
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# - Neither the name of the Mumble Developers nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
# software without specific prior written permission.
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
# `AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR
# CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
# EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
# PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
# NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
# SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
# discourseauth.py - Authenticator implementation for password authenticating
# a Murmur server against a discourse forum database
#
# Requirements:
# * python >=2.4 and the following python modules:
# * ice-python
# * MySQLdb
# * daemon (when run as a daemon)
#
import sys
import Ice
import thread
import urllib2
import logging
import ConfigParser
from threading import Timer
from optparse import OptionParser
from logging import (debug,
info,
warning,
error,
critical,
exception,
getLogger)
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
from hashlib import sha256
from math import ceil
from hmac import new as hmac
from struct import pack, calcsize
def x2bool(s):
"""Helper function to convert strings from the config to bool"""
if isinstance(s, bool):
return s
elif isinstance(s, basestring):
return s.lower() in ['1', 'true']
raise ValueError()
#
#--- Default configuration values
#
cfgfile = 'discourseauth.ini'
default = {'database':(('lib', str, 'psycopg2'),
('name', str, 'discourse'),
('user', str, 'discourse_user'),
('password', str, 'discourse_password'),
('host', str, '127.0.0.1'),
('port', int, 5432)),
'user':(('id_offset', int, 1000000000),
('avatar_enable', x2bool, False),
('avatar_path', str, 'http://www.example.com'),
('reject_on_error', x2bool, True)),
'ice':(('host', str, '127.0.0.1'),
('port', int, 6502),
('slice', str, '/usr/share/murmur/Murmur.ice'),
('secret', str, 'secret'),
('watchdog', int, 30)),
'iceraw':None,
'murmur':(('servers', lambda x:map(int, x.split(',')), []),),
'glacier':(('enabled', x2bool, False),
('user', str, 'discourseauth'),
('password', str, 'secret'),
('host', str, 'localhost'),
('port', int, '4063')),
'log':(('level', int, logging.DEBUG),
('file', str, 'discourseauth.log'))}
#
#--- Helper classes
#
class config(object):
"""
Small abstraction for config loading
"""
def __init__(self, filename = None, default = None):
if not filename or not default: return
cfg = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
cfg.optionxform = str
cfg.read(filename)
for h,v in default.iteritems():
if not v:
# Output this whole section as a list of raw key/value tuples
try:
self.__dict__[h] = cfg.items(h)
except ConfigParser.NoSectionError:
self.__dict__[h] = []
else:
self.__dict__[h] = config()
for name, conv, vdefault in v:
try:
self.__dict__[h].__dict__[name] = conv(cfg.get(h, name))
except (ValueError, ConfigParser.NoSectionError, ConfigParser.NoOptionError):
self.__dict__[h].__dict__[name] = vdefault
class threadDbException(Exception): pass
class threadDB(object):
"""
Small abstraction to handle database connections for multiple
threads
"""
db_connections = {}
def connection(cls):
tid = thread.get_ident()
try:
con = cls.db_connections[tid]
except:
info('Connecting to database server (%s %s:%d %s) for thread %d',
cfg.database.lib, cfg.database.host, cfg.database.port, cfg.database.name, tid)
try:
con = db.connect(host = cfg.database.host,
port = cfg.database.port,
user = cfg.database.user,
password = cfg.database.password,
dbname = cfg.database.name)
#con.autocommit(True)
except db.Error, e:
error('Could not connect to database: %s', str(e))
raise threadDbException()
cls.db_connections[tid] = con
return con
connection = classmethod(connection)
def cursor(cls):
return cls.connection().cursor()
cursor = classmethod(cursor)
def execute(cls, sql, *args, **kwargs):
if "threadDB__retry_execution__" in kwargs:
# Have a magic keyword so we can call ourselves while preventing
# an infinite loop
del kwargs["threadDB__retry_execution__"]
retry = False
else:
retry = True
c = cls.cursor()
try:
c.execute(sql, args, **kwargs)
except db.OperationalError, e:
error('Database operational error %d: %s', e.args[0], e.args[1])
c.close()
cls.invalidate_connection()
if retry:
# Make sure we only retry once
info('Retrying database operation')
kwargs["threadDB__retry_execution__"] = True
c = cls.execute(*args, **kwargs)
else:
error('Database operation failed ultimately')
raise threadDbException()
return c
execute = classmethod(execute)
def invalidate_connection(cls):
tid = thread.get_ident()
con = cls.db_connections.pop(tid, None)
if con:
debug('Invalidate connection to database for thread %d', tid)
con.close()
invalidate_connection = classmethod(invalidate_connection)
def disconnect(cls):
while cls.db_connections:
tid, con = cls.db_connections.popitem()
debug('Close database connection for thread %d', tid)
con.close()
disconnect = classmethod(disconnect)
def do_main_program():
#
#--- Authenticator implementation
# All of this has to go in here so we can correctly daemonize the tool
# without loosing the file descriptors opened by the Ice module
slicedir = Ice.getSliceDir()
if not slicedir:
slicedir = ["-I/usr/share/Ice/slice", "-I/usr/share/slice"]
else:
slicedir = ['-I' + slicedir]
Ice.loadSlice('', slicedir + [cfg.ice.slice])
import Murmur
class discourseauthenticatorApp(Ice.Application):
def run(self, args):
self.shutdownOnInterrupt()
if not self.initializeIceConnection():
return 1
if cfg.ice.watchdog > 0:
self.failedWatch = True
self.checkConnection()
# Serve till we are stopped
self.communicator().waitForShutdown()
self.watchdog.cancel()
if self.interrupted():
warning('Caught interrupt, shutting down')
threadDB.disconnect()
return 0
def initializeIceConnection(self):
"""
Establishes the two-way Ice connection and adds the authenticator to the
configured servers
"""
ice = self.communicator()
if cfg.ice.secret:
debug('Using shared ice secret')
ice.getImplicitContext().put("secret", cfg.ice.secret)
elif not cfg.glacier.enabled:
warning('Consider using an ice secret to improve security')
if cfg.glacier.enabled:
#info('Connecting to Glacier2 server (%s:%d)', glacier_host, glacier_port)
error('Glacier support not implemented yet')
#TODO: Implement this
info('Connecting to Ice server (%s:%d)', cfg.ice.host, cfg.ice.port)
base = ice.stringToProxy('Meta:tcp -h %s -p %d' % (cfg.ice.host, cfg.ice.port))
self.meta = Murmur.MetaPrx.uncheckedCast(base)
adapter = ice.createObjectAdapterWithEndpoints('Callback.Client', 'tcp -h %s' % cfg.ice.host)
adapter.activate()
metacbprx = adapter.addWithUUID(metaCallback(self))
self.metacb = Murmur.MetaCallbackPrx.uncheckedCast(metacbprx)
authprx = adapter.addWithUUID(discourseauthenticator())
self.auth = Murmur.ServerUpdatingAuthenticatorPrx.uncheckedCast(authprx)
return self.attachCallbacks()
def attachCallbacks(self, quiet = False):
"""
Attaches all callbacks for meta and authenticators
"""
# Ice.ConnectionRefusedException
#debug('Attaching callbacks')
try:
if not quiet: info('Attaching meta callback')
self.meta.addCallback(self.metacb)
for server in self.meta.getBootedServers():
if not cfg.murmur.servers or server.id() in cfg.murmur.servers:
if not quiet: info('Setting authenticator for virtual server %d', server.id())
server.setAuthenticator(self.auth)
except (Murmur.InvalidSecretException, Ice.UnknownUserException, Ice.ConnectionRefusedException), e:
if isinstance(e, Ice.ConnectionRefusedException):
error('Server refused connection')
elif isinstance(e, Murmur.InvalidSecretException) or \
isinstance(e, Ice.UnknownUserException) and (e.unknown == 'Murmur::InvalidSecretException'):
error('Invalid ice secret')
else:
# We do not actually want to handle this one, re-raise it
raise e
self.connected = False
return False
self.connected = True
return True
def checkConnection(self):
"""
Tries reapplies all callbacks to make sure the authenticator
survives server restarts and disconnects.
"""
#debug('Watchdog run')
try:
if not self.attachCallbacks(quiet = not self.failedWatch):
self.failedWatch = True
else:
self.failedWatch = False
except Ice.Exception, e:
error('Failed connection check, will retry in next watchdog run (%ds)', cfg.ice.watchdog)
debug(str(e))
self.failedWatch = True
# Renew the timer
self.watchdog = Timer(cfg.ice.watchdog, self.checkConnection)
self.watchdog.start()
def checkSecret(func):
"""
Decorator that checks whether the server transmitted the right secret
if a secret is supposed to be used.
"""
if not cfg.ice.secret:
return func
def newfunc(*args, **kws):
if 'current' in kws:
current = kws["current"]
else:
current = args[-1]
if not current or 'secret' not in current.ctx or current.ctx['secret'] != cfg.ice.secret:
error('Server transmitted invalid secret. Possible injection attempt.')
raise Murmur.InvalidSecretException()
return func(*args, **kws)
return newfunc
def fortifyIceFu(retval = None, exceptions = (Ice.Exception,)):
"""
Decorator that catches exceptions,logs them and returns a safe retval
value. This helps preventing the authenticator getting stuck in
critical code paths. Only exceptions that are instances of classes
given in the exceptions list are not caught.
The default is to catch all non-Ice exceptions.
"""
def newdec(func):
def newfunc(*args, **kws):
try:
return func(*args, **kws)
except Exception, e:
catch = True
for ex in exceptions:
if isinstance(e, ex):
catch = False
break
if catch:
critical('Unexpected exception caught')
exception(e)
return retval
raise
return newfunc
return newdec
class metaCallback(Murmur.MetaCallback):
def __init__(self, app):
Murmur.MetaCallback.__init__(self)
self.app = app
@fortifyIceFu()
@checkSecret
def started(self, server, current = None):
"""
This function is called when a virtual server is started
and makes sure an authenticator gets attached if needed.
"""
if not cfg.murmur.servers or server.id() in cfg.murmur.servers:
info('Setting authenticator for virtual server %d', server.id())
try:
server.setAuthenticator(app.auth)
# Apparently this server was restarted without us noticing
except (Murmur.InvalidSecretException, Ice.UnknownUserException), e:
if hasattr(e, "unknown") and e.unknown != "Murmur::InvalidSecretException":
# Special handling for Murmur 1.2.2 servers with invalid slice files
raise e
error('Invalid ice secret')
return
else:
debug('Virtual server %d got started', server.id())
@fortifyIceFu()
@checkSecret
def stopped(self, server, current = None):
"""
This function is called when a virtual server is stopped
"""
if self.app.connected:
# Only try to output the server id if we think we are still connected to prevent
# flooding of our thread pool
try:
if not cfg.murmur.servers or server.id() in cfg.murmur.servers:
info('Authenticated virtual server %d got stopped', server.id())
else:
debug('Virtual server %d got stopped', server.id())
return
except Ice.ConnectionRefusedException:
self.app.connected = False
debug('Server shutdown stopped a virtual server')
if cfg.user.reject_on_error: # Python 2.4 compat
authenticateFortifyResult = (-1, None, None)
else:
authenticateFortifyResult = (-2, None, None)
class discourseauthenticator(Murmur.ServerUpdatingAuthenticator):
texture_cache = {}
def __init__(self):
Murmur.ServerUpdatingAuthenticator.__init__(self)
@fortifyIceFu(authenticateFortifyResult)
@checkSecret
def authenticate(self, name, pw, certlist, certhash, strong, current = None):
"""
This function is called to authenticate a user
"""
# Search for the user in the database
FALL_THROUGH = -2
AUTH_REFUSED = -1
if name == 'SuperUser':
debug('Forced fall through for SuperUser')
return (FALL_THROUGH, None, None)
try:
sql = 'SELECT id, password_hash, salt, username FROM users WHERE LOWER(username)=LOWER(%s) AND active=TRUE AND id>0'
cur = threadDB.execute(sql, name)
except threadDbException:
return (FALL_THROUGH, None, None)
res = cur.fetchone()
cur.close()
if not res:
info('Fall through for unknown user "%s"', name)
return (FALL_THROUGH, None, None)
uid, upw, salt, unm = res
if discourse_check_hash(pw, salt, upw):
# Authenticated, fetch group memberships
try:
sql = 'SELECT g.name FROM group_users AS gu JOIN groups AS g ON gu.group_id = g.id WHERE gu.user_id = %s'
cur = threadDB.execute(sql, uid)
except threadDbException:
return (FALL_THROUGH, None, None)
res = cur.fetchall()
cur.close()
if res:
res = [a[0] for a in res]
info('User authenticated: "%s" (%d)', name, uid + cfg.user.id_offset)
debug('Group memberships: %s', str(res))
return (uid + cfg.user.id_offset, name, res)
info('Failed authentication attempt for user: "%s" (%d)', name, uid + cfg.user.id_offset)
return (AUTH_REFUSED, None, None)
@fortifyIceFu((False, None))
@checkSecret
def getInfo(self, id, current = None):
"""
Gets called to fetch user specific information
"""
# We do not expose any additional information so always fall through
debug('getInfo for %d -> denied', id)
return (False, None)
@fortifyIceFu(-2)
@checkSecret
def nameToId(self, name, current = None):
"""
Gets called to get the id for a given username
"""
FALL_THROUGH = -2
if name == 'SuperUser':
debug('nameToId SuperUser -> forced fall through')
return FALL_THROUGH
try:
sql = 'SELECT id FROM users WHERE LOWER(username) = LOWER(%s) AND id > 0'
cur = threadDB.execute(sql, name)
except threadDbException:
return FALL_THROUGH
res = cur.fetchone()
cur.close()
if not res:
debug('nameToId %s -> ?', name)
return FALL_THROUGH
debug('nameToId %s -> %d', name, (res[0] + cfg.user.id_offset))
return res[0] + cfg.user.id_offset
@fortifyIceFu("")
@checkSecret
def idToName(self, id, current = None):
"""
Gets called to get the username for a given id
"""
FALL_THROUGH = ""
# Make sure the ID is in our range and transform it to the actual discourse user id
if id < cfg.user.id_offset:
return FALL_THROUGH
bbid = id - cfg.user.id_offset
# Fetch the user from the database
try:
sql = 'SELECT username FROM users WHERE id = %s'
cur = threadDB.execute(sql, bbid)
except threadDbException:
return FALL_THROUGH
res = cur.fetchone()
cur.close()
if res:
if res[0] == 'SuperUser':
debug('idToName %d -> "SuperUser" catched')
return FALL_THROUGH
debug('idToName %d -> "%s"', id, res[0])
return res[0]
debug('idToName %d -> ?', id)
return FALL_THROUGH
@fortifyIceFu("")
@checkSecret
def idToTexture(self, id, current = None):
"""
Gets called to get the corresponding texture for a user
"""
FALL_THROUGH = ""
debug('idToTexture for %d', id)
if id < cfg.user.id_offset or not cfg.user.avatar_enable:
debug('idToTexture %d -> fall through', id)
return FALL_THROUGH
# Otherwise get the users texture from discourse
bbid = id - cfg.user.id_offset
try:
sql = 'SELECT username, uploaded_avatar_template FROM users WHERE id = %s AND use_uploaded_avatar = TRUE'
cur = threadDB.execute(sql, bbid)
except threadDbException:
return FALL_THROUGH
except ProgrammingError:
error('avatars are not yet supported for this Discourse version.')
return FALL_THROUGH
res = cur.fetchone()
cur.close()
if not res:
debug('idToTexture %d -> user unknown or no uploaded avatar, fall through', id)
return FALL_THROUGH
username, avatar_file = res
if avatar_file in self.texture_cache:
return self.texture_cache[avatar_file]
url = cfg.user.avatar_path + avatar_file.replace("{size}", "%d" % 32)
try:
handle = urllib2.urlopen(url)
file = handle.read()
handle.close()
except urllib2.URLError, e:
warning('Image download for "%s" (%d) failed: %s', url, id, str(e))
return FALL_THROUGH
self.texture_cache[avatar_file] = file
return self.texture_cache[avatar_file]
@fortifyIceFu(-2)
@checkSecret
def registerUser(self, name, current = None):
"""
Gets called when the server is asked to register a user.
"""
FALL_THROUGH = -2
debug('registerUser "%s" -> fall through', name)
return FALL_THROUGH
@fortifyIceFu(-1)
@checkSecret
def unregisterUser(self, id, current = None):
"""
Gets called when the server is asked to unregister a user.
"""
FALL_THROUGH = -1
# Return -1 to fall through to internal server database, we will not modify the discourse database
# but we can make murmur delete all additional information it got this way.
debug('unregisterUser %d -> fall through', id)
return FALL_THROUGH
@fortifyIceFu({})
@checkSecret
def getRegisteredUsers(self, filter, current = None):
"""
Returns a list of usernames in the discourse database which contain
filter as a substring.
"""
if not filter:
filter = '%'
try:
sql = 'SELECT id, username FROM users WHERE id > 0 AND username LIKE %s'
cur = threadDB.execute(sql, filter)
except threadDbException:
return {}
res = cur.fetchall()
cur.close()
if not res:
debug('getRegisteredUsers -> empty list for filter "%s"', filter)
return {}
debug ('getRegisteredUsers -> %d results for filter "%s"', len(res), filter)
return dict([(a + cfg.user.id_offset, b) for a,b in res])
@fortifyIceFu(-1)
@checkSecret
def setInfo(self, id, info, current = None):
"""
Gets called when the server is supposed to save additional information
about a user to his database
"""
FALL_THROUGH = -1
# Return -1 to fall through to the internal server handler. We must not modify
# the discourse database so the additional information is stored in murmurs database
debug('setInfo %d -> fall through', id)
return FALL_THROUGH
@fortifyIceFu(-1)
@checkSecret
def setTexture(self, id, texture, current = None):
"""
Gets called when the server is asked to update the user texture of a user
"""
FAILED = 0
FALL_THROUGH = -1
if id < cfg.user.id_offset:
debug('setTexture %d -> fall through', id)
return FALL_THROUGH
if cfg.user.avatar_enable:
# Report a fail (0) as we will not update the avatar in the discourse database.
debug('setTexture %d -> failed', id)
return FAILED
# If we don't use textures from discourse we let mumble save it
debug('setTexture %d -> fall through', id)
return FALL_THROUGH
class CustomLogger(Ice.Logger):
"""
Logger implementation to pipe Ice log messages into
out own log
"""
def __init__(self):
Ice.Logger.__init__(self)
self._log = getLogger('Ice')
def _print(self, message):
self._log.info(message)
def trace(self, category, message):
self._log.debug('Trace %s: %s', category, message)
def warning(self, message):
self._log.warning(message)
def error(self, message):
self._log.error(message)
#
#--- Start of authenticator
#
info('Starting discourse mumble authenticator')
initdata = Ice.InitializationData()
initdata.properties = Ice.createProperties([], initdata.properties)
for prop, val in cfg.iceraw:
initdata.properties.setProperty(prop, val)
initdata.properties.setProperty('Ice.ImplicitContext', 'Shared')
initdata.logger = CustomLogger()
app = discourseauthenticatorApp()
state = app.main(sys.argv[:1], initData = initdata)
info('Shutdown complete')
#
#--- Python implementation of the discourse check hash function (salted md5)
#
def pbkdf2prf(key, msg, hashfunc=sha256):
return hmac(key, msg, hashfunc).digest()
def byte2hex(bytestr):
r = ''.join(["%02X" % ord(x) for x in bytestr]).strip()
return r.lower()
def pbkdf2(password, salt, count=64000, dklen=32, hashfunc=sha256):
hlen = hashfunc().digest_size
maxdklen = (2**32-1) * hlen
assert dklen < maxdklen, 'derived key too long'
l = int(ceil(float(dklen)/hlen))
r = dklen - (l-1) * hlen
assert calcsize("!L") == 4, "iterator should be big-endian 4 byte string"
dk = ''
for i in xrange(1, l+1):
U = pbkdf2prf(password, salt + pack("!L",i), hashfunc)
tmp_key = U
for _ in xrange(count-1):
U = pbkdf2prf(password, U, hashfunc)
tmp_key = "".join([chr(ord(x)^ord(y)) for (x,y) in zip(tmp_key,U)])
dk += tmp_key
return byte2hex(dk[:dklen])
def discourse_check_hash(password, salt, hash):
"""
Python implementation of the discourse check hash function
"""
# discourse conditions the password it got from the user before using it, replicate that
return pbkdf2(password, salt) == hash
#
#--- Start of program
#
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Parse commandline options
parser = OptionParser()
parser.add_option('-i', '--ini',
help = 'load configuration from INI', default = cfgfile)
parser.add_option('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true', dest = 'verbose',
help = 'verbose output [default]', default = True)
parser.add_option('-q', '--quiet', action='store_false', dest = 'verbose',
help = 'only error output')
parser.add_option('-d', '--daemon', action='store_true', dest = 'force_daemon',
help = 'run as daemon', default = False)
parser.add_option('-a', '--app', action='store_true', dest = 'force_app',
help = 'do not run as daemon', default = False)
(option, args) = parser.parse_args()
if option.force_daemon and option.force_app:
parser.print_help()
sys.exit(1)
# Load configuration
try:
cfg = config(option.ini, default)
except Exception, e:
print>>sys.stderr, 'Fatal error, could not load config file from "%s"' % cfgfile
sys.exit(1)
try:
db = __import__(cfg.database.lib)
except ImportError, e:
print>>sys.stderr, 'Fatal error, could not import database library "%s", '\
'please install the missing dependency and restart the authenticator' % cfg.database.lib
sys.exit(1)
# Initialize logger
if cfg.log.file:
try:
logfile = open(cfg.log.file, 'a')
except IOError, e:
#print>>sys.stderr, str(e)
print>>sys.stderr, 'Fatal error, could not open logfile "%s"' % cfg.log.file
sys.exit(1)
else:
logfile = logging.sys.stderr
if option.verbose:
level = cfg.log.level
else:
level = logging.ERROR
logging.basicConfig(level = level,
format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s',
stream = logfile)
# As the default try to run as daemon. Silently degrade to running as a normal application if this fails
# unless the user explicitly defined what he expected with the -a / -d parameter.
try:
if option.force_app:
raise ImportError # Pretend that we couldn't import the daemon lib
import daemon
except ImportError:
if option.force_daemon:
print>>sys.stderr, 'Fatal error, could not daemonize process due to missing "daemon" library, ' \
'please install the missing dependency and restart the authenticator'
sys.exit(1)
do_main_program()
else:
context = daemon.DaemonContext(working_directory = sys.path[0],
stderr = logfile)
context.__enter__()
try:
do_main_program()
finally:
context.__exit__(None, None, None)
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