KDB Client rewritten from sample Kx code to use more useful names.

KdbClient.cs

//2012.06.07 fixed scoping of GUID 
//2012.05.29 for use with kdb+v3.0, changed handshake and added Guid. boolean v6->vt tracks type capability.
//2012.01.26 refactored clamp into clampDT, for Date.DateTime()
//2012.01.25 rz() clamp datetime to valid range
//2010.11.17 Block sending new timetypes to version of kdb+ prior to v2.6 (use prior release of KdbClient.cs for older kdb+ versions)
//           Max buffer size (default 64kB) used for reading is now a parameter to the KdbClient constructor
//           Date, Month, Minute, Second, KTimeSpan are now serializable, implement IComparable
//            and have default constructors for xml serialization.
//           Added GetNullRepresentation(Type t)
//2010.08.05 Added KException for exceptions due to server error, authentication fail and func decode
//2010.01.14 Exposed static var e (Encoding) as public
//2010.01.12 Added support for unicode encoding, defaults to ASCII 
//2010.01.11 Added null checks for IsNull for UDTs Date,Month,Minute,Second,KTimespan
//2010.01.04 Added new time types (timespan->KTimespan,timestamp->DateTime), drop writing kdb+ datetime
//2009.10.19 Limit reads to blocks of 64kB to reduce load on kernel memory
//2007.09.26 0Wz to MaxValue
//2006.10.05 truncate string GetValueAt null
//2006.09.29 GetNullRepresentation  KdbClient.Date class(sync with KdbClient.java)
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net.Sockets; //csc KdbClient.cs  given >q trade.q -port 5001
namespace kx
{
    public class KdbClient : TcpClient
    {
        /*public static void Main(string[]args){
        //KdbClient.ReceiveTimeout=1000;
        //KdbClient KdbClient=new KdbClient("localhost",5010);KdbClient.k(".username.sub[`trade;`MSFT.O`IBM.N]");while(true){object Read=KdbClient.k();O(GetLength(GetValueAt(Read,2)));}
         KdbClient KdbClient=new KdbClient("localhost",5001);
        //KdbClient.e=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
        //O("Unicode "+KdbClient.k("`$\"KdbClient\"$0x52616e627920426ac3b6726b6c756e64204142"));                                
        //object[]FieldNames=new object[4];FieldNames[0]=TimeOfDay();FieldNames[1]="xx";FieldNames[2]=(double)93.5;FieldNames[3]=300;tm();for(int i=0;i<1000;++i)KdbClient.k("insert","trade",FieldNames);tm();
        //Flip Read=ToFlip(KdbClient.k("select sum price by sym from trade"));O("cols: "+GetLength(Read.FieldNames));O("rows: "+GetLength(Read.Values[0]));
         KdbClient.Close();
        }
        */
        public static System.Text.Encoding e = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII;
        private const int DefaultMaxBufferSize = 65536;

        private const long Jan2000Ticks = (long) 8.64e11*730119;

        private static readonly byte[] Gip = { 3, 2, 1, 0, 5, 4, 7, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 };
        static readonly object[] Nulls ={null,false,new Guid(),null,(byte)0,Int16.MinValue,Int32.MinValue,Int64.MinValue,(Single)Double.NaN,Double.NaN,' ',"",new DateTime(0),
                            new Month(Int32.MinValue),new Date(Int32.MinValue),new DateTime(0),new KTimespan(Int64.MinValue),new Minute(Int32.MinValue),new Second(Int32.MinValue),new TimeSpan(Int32.MinValue)};

        private readonly int _maxBufferSize = DefaultMaxBufferSize;
        private readonly Stream _currentStream;
        private readonly int _serverVersion;
        
        byte[] _buffer;
        private int _currentIndex;

        private byte[] b;   //Perhaps the current field buffer? -LC
        private int j;      //Perhaps the current field index? -LC
        private bool a;     //EOF flag? -LC
        


        public KdbClient(string hostname, int port)
            : this(hostname, port, Environment.UserName) { }
        public KdbClient(string hostname, int port, string username)
            : this(hostname, port, username, DefaultMaxBufferSize) { }
        public KdbClient(string hostname, int port, string username, int maxBufferSize)
        {
            _maxBufferSize = maxBufferSize;
            Connect(hostname, port);
            _currentStream = GetStream();
            _buffer = new byte[2 + username.Length];
            _currentIndex = 0; 
            Write(username + "\x3");
            _currentStream.Write(_buffer, 0, _currentIndex);
            if (1 != _currentStream.Read(_buffer, 0, 1))
            {
                _buffer = new byte[1 + username.Length];
                Connect(hostname, port);
                _currentStream = GetStream();
                _currentIndex = 0; 
                Write(username);
                _currentStream.Write(_buffer, 0, _currentIndex);
                if (1 != _currentStream.Read(_buffer, 0, 1))
                    throw new KException("access");
            }
            _serverVersion = Math.Min(_buffer[0], (byte)3);
        }

        public new void Close()
        {
            _currentStream.Close();
            base.Close();
        }

        public object k()
        {
            ReadInto(b = new byte[8]); 
            a = b[0] == 1; 
            bool c = b[2] == 1; 
            j = 4; 
            ReadInto(b = new byte[ReadInt() - 8]); 
            if (c)
                u(); 
            else 
                j = 0; 
            if (b[0] == 128)
            {
                j = 1; 
                throw new KException(ReadString());
            } 
            return Read();
        }
        public object k(object x)
        {
            Write(1, x); return k();
        }
        public object k(string s)
        {
            return k(s.ToCharArray());
        }

        public object k(string s, object x)
        {
            object[] a = { s.ToCharArray(), x }; 
            return k(a);
        }
        public object k(string s, object x, object y)
        {
            object[] a = { s.ToCharArray(), x, y }; 
            return k(a);
        }
        public object k(string s, object x, object y, object z)
        {
            object[] a = { s.ToCharArray(), x, y, z }; 
            return k(a);
        }
        
        public void ks(String s)
        {
            Write(0, s.ToCharArray());
        }
        public void ks(String s, Object x)
        {
            Object[] a = { s.ToCharArray(), x }; 
            Write(0, a);
        }
        public void ks(String s, Object x, Object y)
        {
            Object[] a = { s.ToCharArray(), x, y }; 
            Write(0, a);
        }

       
        
        
        
        public static int GetLength(object source)
        {
            return source is Dict 
                ? GetLength(((Dict)source).x) 
                : source is Flip 
                    ? GetLength(((Flip)source).Values[0]) 
                    : source is char[] 
                        ? e.GetBytes((char[])source).Length 
                        : ((Array)source).Length;
        }



        public static object GetValueAt(object x, int i)
        {
            object r = ((Array)x).GetValue(i); 
            return IsNull(r) ? null : r;
        }
        public static object GetNullRepresentation(Type t)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < Nulls.Length; i++)
                if (Nulls[i] != null && t == Nulls[i].GetType())
                    return Nulls[i];

            return null;
        }
        public static bool IsNull(object x)
        {
            int t = -GetTypeIndex(x);
            return t > 4 && x.Equals(Nulls[t]);
        }
        public static Flip ToFlip(object source)
        {
            if (GetTypeIndex(source) == 98) //If source is Flip
                return (Flip)source;

            Dict d = (Dict)source;
            Flip a = (Flip)d.x, b = (Flip)d.y;
            int m = KdbClient.GetLength(a.FieldNames), n = KdbClient.GetLength(b.FieldNames);

            var x = new string[m + n];
            Array.Copy(a.FieldNames, 0, x, 0, m);
            Array.Copy(b.FieldNames, 0, x, m, n);

            var y = new object[m + n];
            Array.Copy(a.Values, 0, y, 0, m);
            Array.Copy(b.Values, 0, y, m, n);

            return new Flip(new Dict(x, y));
        }




        void u()
        {
            int n = 0, r = 0, f = 0, s = 8, p = s; 
            short i = 0; 
            j = 0; 
            byte[] dst = new byte[ReadInt()]; 
            int d = j; 
            int[] aa = new int[256];
            while (s < dst.Length)
            {
                if (i == 0)
                {
                    f = 0xff & (int)b[d++]; 
                    i = 1;
                }
                if ((f & i) != 0)
                {
                    r = aa[0xff & (int)b[d++]]; 
                    dst[s++] = dst[r++]; 
                    dst[s++] = dst[r++]; 
                    n = 0xff & (int)b[d++]; 
                    for (int m = 0; m < n; m++)
                        dst[s + m] = dst[r + m];
                }
                else 
                    dst[s++] = b[d++];
                
                while (p < s - 1) 
                    aa[(0xff & (int)dst[p]) ^ (0xff & (int)dst[p + 1])] = p++;
                
                if ((f & i) != 0)
                    p = s += n; 
                
                i *= 2; 

                if (i == 256) 
                    i = 0;
            }
            b = dst; 
            j = 8;
        }


        
        
        void Write(object x)
        {
            int t = KdbClient.GetTypeIndex(x); Write((byte)t); if (t < 0) switch (t)
                {
                    case -1: Write((bool)x); return;
                    case -2: Write((Guid)x); return;
                    case -4: Write((byte)x); return;
                    case -5: Write((short)x); return;
                    case -6: Write((int)x); return;
                    case -7: Write((long)x); return;
                    case -8: Write((float)x); return;
                    case -9: Write((double)x); return;
                    case -10: Write((char)x); return;
                    case -11: Write((string)x); return;
                    case -12: Write((DateTime)x); return;
                    case -13: Write((Month)x); return;
                    case -14: Write((Date)x); return;
                    case -15: Write((DateTime)x); return;
                    case -16: Write((KTimespan)x); return;
                    case -17: Write((Minute)x); return;
                    case -18: Write((Second)x); return;
                    case -19: Write((TimeSpan)x); return;
                }
            if (t == 99) { Dict r = (Dict)x; Write(r.x); Write(r.y); return; } _buffer[_currentIndex++] = 0; if (t == 98) { Flip r = (Flip)x; _buffer[_currentIndex++] = 99; Write(r.FieldNames); Write(r.Values); return; }
            Write(KdbClient.GetLength(x)); switch (t)
            {
                case 0: foreach (object o in (object[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 1: foreach (bool o in (bool[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 2: foreach (Guid o in (Guid[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 4: foreach (byte o in (byte[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 5: foreach (short o in (short[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 6: foreach (int o in (int[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 7: foreach (long o in (long[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 8: foreach (float o in (float[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 9: foreach (double o in (double[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 10: foreach (byte b in e.GetBytes((char[])x)) Write(b); return;
                case 11: foreach (string o in (string[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 12: foreach (DateTime o in (DateTime[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 13: foreach (Month o in (Month[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 14: foreach (Date o in (Date[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 15: foreach (DateTime o in (DateTime[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 16: foreach (KTimespan o in (KTimespan[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 17: foreach (Minute o in (Minute[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 18: foreach (Second o in (Second[])x) Write(o); return;
                case 19: foreach (TimeSpan o in (TimeSpan[])x) Write(o); return;
            }
        }
        void Write(int i, object x)
        {
            int n = ByteSize(x) + 8; 
            _buffer = new byte[n]; 
            _buffer[0] = 1; 
            _buffer[1] = (byte)i; 
            _currentIndex = 4; 
            Write(n); 
            Write(x); 
            _currentStream.Write(_buffer, 0, n);
        }

        object Read()
        {
            int i = 0, n, t = (sbyte)b[j++];
            if (t < 0)
                switch (t)
                {
                    case -1: return ReadBoolean();
                    case -2: return ReadGuid();
                    case -4: return b[j++];
                    case -5: return ReadShort();
                    case -6: return ReadInt();
                    case -7: return ReadLong();
                    case -8: return ReadFloat();
                    case -9: return ReadDouble();
                    case -10: return ReadChar();
                    case -11: return ReadString();
                    case -12: return ReadDateTime();
                    case -13: return ReadMonth();
                    case -14: return ReadDate();
                    case -15: return ReadDateTime2();
                    case -16: return ReadKTimeSpan();
                    case -17: return ReadMinute();
                    case -18: return ReadSecond();
                    case -19: return ReadTimeSpan();
                }
            if (t > 99)
            {
                if (t == 101 && b[j++] == 0)
                    return null;
                throw new KException("func");
            }
            if (t == 99)
                return new Dict(Read(), Read());
            j++;
            if (t == 98)
                return new Flip((Dict)Read());
            n = ReadInt();
            switch (t)
            {
                case 0: object[] L = new object[n]; for (; i < n; i++) L[i] = Read(); return L;
                case 1: bool[] B = new bool[n]; for (; i < n; i++) B[i] = ReadBoolean(); return B;
                case 2: { Guid[] G = new Guid[n]; for (; i < n; i++)G[i] = ReadGuid(); return G; }
                case 4: { byte[] G = new byte[n]; for (; i < n; i++)G[i] = b[j++]; return G; }
                case 5: short[] H = new short[n]; for (; i < n; i++) H[i] = ReadShort(); return H;
                case 6: int[] I = new int[n]; for (; i < n; i++) I[i] = ReadInt(); return I;
                case 7: long[] J = new long[n]; for (; i < n; i++) J[i] = ReadLong(); return J;
                case 8: float[] E = new float[n]; for (; i < n; i++) E[i] = ReadFloat(); return E;
                case 9: double[] F = new double[n]; for (; i < n; i++) F[i] = ReadDouble(); return F;
                case 10: char[] C = e.GetChars(b, j, n); j += n; return C;
                case 11: String[] S = new String[n]; for (; i < n; i++) S[i] = ReadString(); return S;
                case 12: DateTime[] P = new DateTime[n]; for (; i < n; i++) P[i] = ReadDateTime(); return P;
                case 13: Month[] M = new Month[n]; for (; i < n; i++) M[i] = ReadMonth(); return M;
                case 14: Date[] D = new Date[n]; for (; i < n; i++) D[i] = ReadDate(); return D;
                case 15: DateTime[] Z = new DateTime[n]; for (; i < n; i++) Z[i] = ReadDateTime2(); return Z;
                case 16: KTimespan[] N = new KTimespan[n]; for (; i < n; i++) N[i] = ReadKTimeSpan(); return N;
                case 17: Minute[] U = new Minute[n]; for (; i < n; i++) U[i] = ReadMinute(); return U;
                case 18: Second[] V = new Second[n]; for (; i < n; i++) V[i] = ReadSecond(); return V;
                case 19: TimeSpan[] T = new TimeSpan[n]; for (; i < n; i++) T[i] = ReadTimeSpan(); return T;
            }
            return null;
        }



        void Write(bool x)
        {
            _buffer[_currentIndex++] = (byte)(x ? 1 : 0);
        }
        bool ReadBoolean()
        {
            return 1 == b[j++];
        }

        void Write(byte x) { _buffer[_currentIndex++] = x; }
        byte ReadByte() { return b[j++]; }

        void Write(short h) { _buffer[_currentIndex++] = (byte)h; _buffer[_currentIndex++] = (byte)(h >> 8); }
        short ReadShort() { int x = b[j++], y = b[j++]; return (short)(a ? x & 0xff | y << 8 : x << 8 | y & 0xff); }

        void Write(int i) { Write((short)i); Write((short)(i >> 16)); }
        int ReadInt() { int x = ReadShort(), y = ReadShort(); return a ? x & 0xffff | y << 16 : x << 16 | y & 0xffff; }

        void Write(Guid g) { byte[] b = g.ToByteArray(); if (_serverVersion < 3)throw new KException("Guid not valid pre kdb+3.0"); for (int i = 0; i < b.Length; i++)Write(b[Gip[i]]); }
        Guid ReadGuid() { bool oa = a; a = false; int i = ReadInt(); short h1 = ReadShort(), h2 = ReadShort(); a = oa; byte[] b = new byte[8]; for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)b[j] = ReadByte(); return new Guid(i, h1, h2, b); }

        void Write(long j) { Write((int)j); Write((int)(j >> 32)); }
        long ReadLong() { int x = ReadInt(), y = ReadInt(); return a ? x & 0xffffffffL | (long)y << 32 : (long)x << 32 | y & 0xffffffffL; }

        void Write(float e) { byte[] b = BitConverter.GetBytes(e); foreach (byte i in b)Write(i); }
        float ReadFloat()
        {
            byte c; float e;
            if (!a) { c = b[j]; b[j] = b[j + 3]; b[j + 3] = c; c = b[j + 1]; b[j + 1] = b[j + 2]; b[j + 2] = c; } e = BitConverter.ToSingle(b, j); j += 4; return e;
        }

        void Write(double f) { Write(BitConverter.DoubleToInt64Bits(f)); }
        double ReadDouble() { return BitConverter.Int64BitsToDouble(ReadLong()); }

        void Write(char c) { Write((byte)c); }
        char ReadChar() { return (char)(b[j++] & 0xff); }

        void Write(string s) { byte[] b = e.GetBytes(s); foreach (byte i in b)Write(i); _buffer[_currentIndex++] = 0; }
        string ReadString() { int k = j; for (; b[j] != 0; ++j);string s = e.GetString(b, k, j - k); j++; return s; }

        void Write(Date d) { Write(d.i); }
        Date ReadDate() { return new Date(ReadInt()); }

        void Write(Minute u) { Write(u.i); }
        Minute ReadMinute() { return new Minute(ReadInt()); }

        void Write(Month m) { Write(m.i); }
        Month ReadMonth() { return new Month(ReadInt()); }

        void Write(Second v) { Write(v.i); }
        Second ReadSecond() { return new Second(ReadInt()); }

        void Write(TimeSpan t) { if (_serverVersion < 1)throw new KException("Timespan not valid pre kdb+2.6"); Write(IsNull(t) ? Int32.MinValue : (int)(t.Ticks / 10000)); }
        TimeSpan ReadTimeSpan() { int i = ReadInt(); return new TimeSpan(IsNull(i) ? Int32.MinValue : 10000L * i); }

        void Write(DateTime p) { if (_serverVersion < 1)throw new KException("Timestamp not valid pre kdb+2.6"); Write(IsNull(p) ? Int64.MinValue : (100 * (p.Ticks - Jan2000Ticks))); }
        DateTime ReadDateTime() { long j = ReadLong(), d = j < 0 ? (j + 1) / 100 - 1 : j / 100; DateTime p = new DateTime(j == Int64.MinValue ? 0 : Jan2000Ticks + d); return p; }
        DateTime ReadDateTime2() { double f = ReadDouble(); return Double.IsInfinity(f) ? (f < 0 ? DateTime.MinValue : DateTime.MaxValue) : new DateTime(IsNull(f) ? 0 : ClampTickValue(10000 * (long)Math.Round(8.64e7 * f) + Jan2000Ticks)); }


        void Write(KTimespan t) { Write(IsNull(t) ? Int64.MinValue : (t.t.Ticks * 100)); }
        KTimespan ReadKTimeSpan() { return new KTimespan(ReadLong()); }

        
        void ReadInto(byte[] buffer)
        {
            int i = 0, j, n = buffer.Length;
            for (; i < n; i += j)
                if (0 == (j = _currentStream.Read(buffer, i, Math.Min(_maxBufferSize, n - i))))
                    throw new Exception("ReadInto");
        }




        static long ClampTickValue(long tick)
        {
            return Math.Min(
                Math.Max(tick, DateTime.MinValue.Ticks),
                DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks);
        }
        static int IndexOf(string[] x, string y)
        {
            int i = 0; 
            for (; i < x.Length && !x[i].Equals(y); )
                ++i; 
            
            return i;
        }
        static int ByteSize(object x)
        {
            int t = GetTypeIndex(x);
            if (t == 99) //FieldNames is Dict
                return 1 + ByteSize(((Dict)x).x) + ByteSize(((Dict)x).y); 
            if (t == 98) //FieldNames is Flip
                return 3 + ByteSize(((Flip)x).FieldNames) + ByteSize(((Flip)x).Values);
            if (t < 0) 
                return t == -11 //FieldNames is string
                    ? 2 + CountBytesToNullTerminator((string)x) 
                    : 1 + TypeSizes[-t];
            
            var j = 6; 
            var n = KdbClient.GetLength(x); 
            if (t == 0)
                for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i)
                    j += ByteSize(((object[])x)[i]); 
            else 
                j += n * TypeSizes[t]; 
            
            return j;
        }
        static readonly int[] TypeSizes =
            {
                0,  //[0]  (place holder)
                1,  //[1]  bool
                16, //[2]  GUID
                0,  //[3]  (place holder)
                1,  //[4]  byte
                2,  //[5]  short
                4,  //[6]  int
                8,  //[7]  long
                4,  //[8]  float
                8,  //[9]  double
                1,  //[10] char
                0,  //[11] string (calculated)
                8,  //[12] DateTime
                4,  //[13] Month
                4,  //[14] Date
                8,  //[15] DateTime (duplicated)
                8,  //[16] KTimespan 
                4,  //[17] Minute 
                4,  //[18] Second 
                4   //[19] TimeSpan 
            };
        static int GetTypeIndex(object x)
        {
            return x is bool ? -1
                : x is Guid ? -2
                : x is byte ? -4
                : x is short ? -5
                : x is int ? -6
                : x is long ? -7
                : x is float ? -8
                : x is double ? -9
                : x is char ? -10
                : x is string ? -11
                : x is DateTime ? -12
                : x is Month ? -13
                : x is Date ? -14
                : x is DateTime ? -15       //Already captured by -12?  -LC
                : x is KTimespan ? -16
                : x is Minute ? -17
                : x is Second ? -18
                : x is TimeSpan ? -19
                : x is bool[] ? 1
                : x is Guid[] ? 2
                : x is byte[] ? 4
                : x is short[] ? 5
                : x is int[] ? 6
                : x is long[] ? 7
                : x is float[] ? 8
                : x is double[] ? 9
                : x is char[] ? 10
                : x is DateTime[] ? 12
                : x is DateTime[] ? 15      //Already captured by 12?   -LC
                : x is KTimespan[] ? 16
                : x is TimeSpan[] ? 19
                : x is Flip ? 98
                : x is Dict ? 99
                : 0;
        }
        static string PadInt(int i)
        {
            return String.Format("{0:00}", i);
        }
        static int CountBytesToNullTerminator(string s)
        {
            int i = s.IndexOf('\0');
            i = -1 < i ? i : s.Length;
            return e.GetBytes(s.Substring(0, i)).Length;
        }

        public class Dict
        {
            public object x;
            public object y;

            public Dict(object X, object Y)
            {
                x = X; 
                y = Y;
            }
        }

        public class Flip
        {
            public string[] FieldNames;
            public object[] Values;

            public Flip(Dict source)
            {
                FieldNames = (string[])source.x; 
                Values = (object[])source.y;
            } 

            public object Value(string s)
            {
                return Values[IndexOf(FieldNames, s)];
            }
        }

        [Serializable]
        public class Date : IComparable
        {
            public int i; private Date() { }public Date(int x) { i = x; }
            public DateTime DateTime() { return i == -int.MaxValue ? System.DateTime.MinValue : i == int.MaxValue ? System.DateTime.MaxValue : new DateTime(i == Int32.MinValue ? 0L : ClampTickValue((long)8.64e11 * i + Jan2000Ticks)); }
            public Date(long x) { i = x == 0L ? Int32.MinValue : (int)(x / (long)8.64e11) - 730119; }public Date(DateTime z) : this(z.Ticks) { }
            public override string ToString() { return i == Int32.MinValue ? "" : this.DateTime().ToString("d"); }
            public override bool Equals(object o) { if (o == null)return false; if (this.GetType() != o.GetType())return false; Date d = (Date)o; return i == d.i; }
            public override int GetHashCode() { return i; }
            public int CompareTo(object o) { if (o == null)return 1; Date other = o as Date; if (other == null)return 1; return i.CompareTo(other.i); }
        }
        [Serializable]
        public class Month : IComparable
        {
            public int i; private Month() { }public Month(int x) { i = x; }
            public override string ToString() { int m = 24000 + i, y = m / 12; return i == Int32.MinValue ? "" : PadInt(y / 100) + PadInt(y % 100) + "-" + PadInt(1 + m % 12); }
            public override bool Equals(object o) { if (o == null)return false; if (this.GetType() != o.GetType())return false; Month m = (Month)o; return i == m.i; }
            public override int GetHashCode() { return i; }
            public int CompareTo(object o) { if (o == null)return 1; Month other = o as Month; if (other == null)return 1; return i.CompareTo(other.i); }
        }
        [Serializable]
        public class Minute : IComparable
        {
            public int i; private Minute() { }public Minute(int x) { i = x; }
            public override string ToString() { return i == Int32.MinValue ? "" : PadInt(i / 60) + ":" + PadInt(i % 60); }
            public override bool Equals(object o) { if (o == null)return false; if (this.GetType() != o.GetType())return false; Minute m = (Minute)o; return i == m.i; }
            public override int GetHashCode() { return i; }
            public int CompareTo(object o) { if (o == null)return 1; Minute other = o as Minute; if (other == null)return 1; return i.CompareTo(other.i); }
        }
        [Serializable]
        public class Second : IComparable
        {
            public int i; private Second() { }public Second(int x) { i = x; }
            public override string ToString() { return i == Int32.MinValue ? "" : new Minute(i / 60).ToString() + ':' + PadInt(i % 60); }
            public override bool Equals(object o) { if (o == null)return false; if (this.GetType() != o.GetType())return false; Second s = (Second)o; return i == s.i; }
            public override int GetHashCode() { return i; }
            public int CompareTo(object o) { if (o == null)return 1; Second other = o as Second; if (other == null)return 1; return i.CompareTo(other.i); }
        }
        [Serializable]
        public class KTimespan : IComparable
        {
            public TimeSpan t; private KTimespan() { }public KTimespan(long x) { t = new TimeSpan(x == Int64.MinValue ? Int64.MinValue : x / 100); }
            public override string ToString() { return IsNull(t) ? "" : t.ToString(); }
            public override bool Equals(object o) { if (o == null)return false; if (this.GetType() != o.GetType())return false; KTimespan n = (KTimespan)o; return t.Ticks == n.t.Ticks; }
            public override int GetHashCode() { return t.GetHashCode(); }
            public int CompareTo(object o) { if (o == null)return 1; KTimespan other = o as KTimespan; if (other == null)return 1; return t.CompareTo(other.t); }
        }
    }

    public class KException : Exception
    {
        public KException() { }
        public KException(string message) : base(message) { }
    }
}