Masked Entry Widget for TkinterFormWidget for Tkinter - Like web2py FormWidget, with label, entry and tooltipTo future, ensure validation.

maskedentry.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name:        maskedit.py
# Purpose:
#
# Author:      Maxwell Morais (max.morais.dmm@gmail.com)
#
# Created:     10/04/2013
# Copyright:   (c) Maxwell Morais 2013
# Licence:     MIT
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

import sys
import re
import calendar

if sys.version[0]=='2':
    import Tkinter as tk
    import ttk
    import tkFont
elif sys.version[0]=='3':
    import tkinter as tk
    import tkinter.font as tkFont
    from tkinter import ttk
    basestring = type(u'')
else:
    print("Python version not supported, try 2 or 3 versions")

definitions = {
    '9': '[0-9]',
    'a': '[a-zA-Z]',
    'x': '[a-zA-z0-9]'
}

class ToolTip(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, root, **kw):
        self.fields = {
            'tooltip': None,
            'variable': None,
            'showdelay': 1,
            'hidedelay': 10,
            'root': root,
        }

        self.__hide_id = None
        self.__show_id = None

        for k in list(kw.keys()):
            if k in self.fields:
                self.fields[k]=kw.pop(k)
        if not 'variable' in kw and not self.fields['variable']:
            self.fields['variable']=tk.StringVar(root)
        tk.Toplevel.__init__(self, root, **kw)
        self.withdraw()
        self.overrideredirect(True)
        self.setup()

    def setup(self):
        self._tooltip()
        self._bind()
        self._grid()

    def set_text(self, value):
        self.fields['variable'].set(value)

    def get_text(self):
        return self.fields['variable'].get()

    def _tooltip(self):
        if not isinstance(self.fields.get('variable', None), tk.StringVar):
            self.fields['variable'] = tk.StringVar(self)
        tooltiptext = self.fields['tooltip'] or self.fields['variable'].get()
        self.fields['variable'].set(tooltiptext)
        self._widget = ttk.Label(self,
            textvariable=self.fields['variable'],
            #aspect=1000,
            background='#ffffcc'
        )

    def _grid(self):
        self._widget.grid(row=0, column=0)

    def _bind(self):
        self.fields['root'].bind('<Enter>', self._init_tooltip, True)
        self.fields['root'].bind('<Leave>', self._hide_tooltip, True)

    def _init_tooltip(self, event):
        self.__show_id = self.after(
            int(self.fields['showdelay']*1000),
            self._show_tooltip
        )

    def _show_tooltip(self, event=None):
        self.__show_id = None
        x = self.fields['root'].winfo_rootx()
        y = self.fields['root'].winfo_rooty()
        height = self.fields['root'].winfo_height()
        width = self.fields['root'].winfo_width()
        lx = x + self.winfo_width() + 5
        if lx < self.fields['root'].winfo_screenwidth() - 5:
            x += 5
        else:
            x += self.fields['root'].winfo_screenwidth() - lx

        ly = (y + height + self.winfo_height() + 5)
        if ly < self.fields['root'].winfo_height() - 5:
            y += height + 5
        else:
            y += -(self.winfo_height()+5)

        self.wm_geometry('+%d+%d'%(x,y))
        self.deiconify()
        self.__hide_id = self.after(
            int(self.fields['hidedelay'])*1000,
            self._hide_tooltip
        )

    def _hide_tooltip(self, event):
        if self.__show_id is not None:
            self.after_cancel( self.__show_id )
            self.__show_id = None
        if self.__hide_id is not None:
            self.after_cancel( self.__hide_id )
            self.__hide_id = None
        self.withdraw()

class FormWidget(ttk.Frame):
    _fields= {
        'field': None,
        'label': None,
        'help': None,
        'variable': None,
        'labelvariable': None,
        'helpvariable': None
    }
    _factory = {
        'variable': tk.StringVar,
        'widget': tk.Entry
    }

    def __init__(self, root, **kw):
        self.fields = self._fields.copy()
        for k in list(kw.keys()):
            if k in self.fields:
                self.fields[k]=kw.pop(k)
        if not 'variable' in kw:
            self.fields['variable']=self._factory.get(
                'variable',
                tk.StringVar)(root)
        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, root, **kw)
        self.setup()

    def setup(self):
        self._label()
        self._widget()
        self._help()
        self._grid()

    def set(self, value): self.fields['variable'].set(value)
    def get(self): return self.fields['variable'].get()
    def set_label(self, value): self.fields['labelvariable'].set(value)
    def get_label(self): return self.fields['labelvariable'].get()
    def set_help(self, value): self.fields['helpvariable'].set(value)
    def get_help(self): return self.fields['helpvariable'].get()

    def _label(self):
        labeltext = self.fields['label'] or self.fields['field']['label'] or ''
        if not isinstance(self.fields.get('labelvariable', None), tk.StringVar):
            self.fields['labelvariable'] = tk.StringVar(self)
        self.fields['labelvariable'].set(labeltext)
        self._wgt_label = ttk.Label(
            self,
            textvariable=self.fields['labelvariable']
        )
    def _widget(self):
        self._widget = self._factory.get('widget', ttk.Entry)(
            self,
            textvariable=self.fields['variable']
        )

    def _help(self):
        helptext = self.fields['help'] or ''
        if not helptext: return
        if not isinstance(self.fields.get('helpvariable', None), tk.StringVar):
            self.fields['helpvariable'] = tk.StringVar(self)
        self.fields['helpvariable'].set(helptext)
        self._wgt_help = ToolTip(
            self._widget,
            variable=self.fields['helpvariable']
        )

    def _grid(self):
        self._wgt_label.grid(row=0, column=0)
        self._widget.grid(row=1, column=0)

class StringWidget(ttk.Entry):
    @property
    def variable(self):
        return self.fields['textvariable']


class MaskedWidget(ttk.Entry):
    def __init__(self, master, format_type, **kw):
        self.fields = {
            'type': format_type,
            'mask': None,
            'monetary': False,
            'dec_places': 2,
            'dec_sep': '.',
            'tho_places': 3,
            'tho_sep': ',',
            'symbol': '',
            'fmt_neg': '-%(symbol)s%(amount)s',
            'fmt_pos': '%(symbol)s%(amount)s',
            'placeholder': '_',
            'textvariable': None,
        }

        if str(format_type).lower() == 'fixed':
            assert 'mask' in kw, 'the fixed mask, is not present'

        self.fields['mask'] = kw.pop('mask', '').lower()
        for k in list(kw.keys()):
            if k in self.fields:
                if k!='textvariable':
                    self.fields[k]=kw.pop(k)
                else:
                    self.fields[k]=kw[k]
        if not 'textvariable' in kw:
            self.fields['textvariable']=tk.StringVar(master)
            kw['textvariable'] = self.fields['textvariable']
        ttk.Entry.__init__(self, master, **kw)

        self.defs = definitions
        self.tests = []
        self.partialPosition = None
        self.firstNonMaskPosition = None
        self.len = len(self.fields['mask'])
        for i,c in enumerate(self.fields['mask'].lower()):
            if c == '?':
                self.len -= 1
                self.partialPosition = i
            atom = self.defs.get(c, None)
            self.tests.append(re.compile('(%s)'%atom) if atom else atom)
            if not atom and self.firstNonMaskPosition==None:
                self.firstNonMaskPosition = len(self.tests)-1

        self.writeBuffer()

        if str(self.cget("state")).upper()!="DISABLED":
            self.bind('<KeyPress>', self._onKeyPress, True)
            self.bind('<KeyRelease>', lambda e: 'break', True)
            self.bind('<FocusIn>', self._onFocusIn, True)

    def clean(self):
        self.fields['textvariable'].set('')
        self.writeBuffer()

    def clean_numeric(self, string):
        if not isinstance(string, basestring): string = str(string)
        string = string.replace(self.fields['symbol']+' ', '')\
                       .replace(self.fields['tho_sep'], '')\
                       .replace(self.fields['dec_sep'], '.')
        if not '.' in string:
            string = list(string)
            string.insert(-2, '.')
            string = ''.join(string)
        return string.partition('.')

    def fmt_numeric( self, amount):
        temp = '00' if not '.' in str(amount) \
                    else str(amount).split('.')[1]
        l = []
        amount = amount.split('.')[0]
        try:
            minus = float(''.join(self.clean_numeric(amount)))<0
        except ValueError:
            minus = 0
        if len(amount)> self.fields['tho_places']:
            nn = amount[-self.fields['tho_places']:]
            l.append(nn)
            amount = amount[:len(amount)-self.fields['tho_places']]
            while len(amount) > self.fields['tho_places']:
                nn = amount[len(amount)-self.fields['tho_places']:]
                l.insert(0, nn)
                amount = amount[0:len(amount)-self.fields['tho_places']]

        if len(''.join(self.clean_numeric(amount)))>0: l.insert(0, amount)
        amount = self.fields['tho_sep'].join(l)+self.fields['dec_sep']+temp
        if minus:
            amount = self.fields['fmt_neg']%{
                'symbol':self.fields['symbol'],
                'amount': amount
            }
        else:
            amount = self.fields['fmt_pos']%{
                'symbol': (self.fields['symbol']+' ') if self.fields['symbol'] else '',
                'amount': amount
            }
        return amount

    def seekNext(self, pos):
        if 0 <= pos+1<self.len:
            if self.tests[pos+1]:
                return pos+1
            return self.seekNext(pos+1)
        return pos

    def seekPrev(self, pos):
        if 0 <= pos-1 < self.len:
            if self.tests[pos-1]:
                return pos-1
            return self.seekPrev(pos-1)
        return pos

    def shiftL(self, begin, end):
        if begin < 0: return
        for i in range(self.len):
            j = self.seekNext(begin)
            if self.tests[i]:
                if j < self.len and self.tests[i].match(self.buffer[i]):
                    self.buffer[i] = self.buffer[j]
                    self.buffer[j] = self.fields['placeholder']
                else:
                    break

    def shiftR(self, pos, c):
        if pos in range(len(self.len)):
            j = self.seekNext(pos)
            t = self.buffer[pos]
            if not t == c and j < self.len and t == self.fields['placeholder']:
                self.buffer[pos] = c

    def writeBuffer(self):
        self.fields['textvariable'].set(
            ''.join(
                filter(
                    lambda x: x!=None,
                        map(
                            lambda c, self=self:
                                (self.fields['placeholder']
                                if self.defs.get(c, None)
                        else c)
                    if c!='?' else None, self.fields['mask'])
                )
            )
        )
        return self.get()

    def _onFocusIn(self, event):
        if self.len>0 and self.tests[0]:
            self.icursor(0)
        else:
            self.icursor(self.seekNext(0))

    def _onKeyPress(self, event):
        if event.keysym == 'Tab':
            return
        elif event.keysym == 'Escape':
            if self.fields['type'] == 'fixed':
                self.writeBuffer()
            else:
                self.delete(0, len(event.widget.get()))
        widget = event.widget
        val = widget.get()
        idx = widget.index(tk.INSERT)

        if event.keysym == 'Left':
            if 0 <= idx < self.len:
                if idx < self.firstNonMaskPosition:
                    return 'break'
                elif not self.tests[idx]:
                    widget.icursor(self.seekPrev(idx))
        elif event.keysym == 'Right':
            if 0 <= idx < self.len:
                if idx >= self.len:
                    return 'break'
                elif not self.tests[idx]:
                    widget.icursor(self.seekNext(idx))
        elif event.keysym == 'BackSpace' and self.fields['type'] != 'numeric':
            def repl_or_stop(cls, wget, pos):            
                if 0 <= pos <= cls.len:
                    if not cls.tests[pos]:
                        pos = cls.seekPrev(pos)
                    cls._write_char(pos, cls.fields['placeholder'], -1)
                return 'break'
            repl_or_stop(self, widget, idx - 1)
            return 'break'
        else:
            if self.fields['type'] == 'fixed':
                if self._write_char(idx, event.char) == 'break':
                    return 'break'
            elif self.fields['type'] == 'numeric' and event.char.isdigit():
                if val:
                    widget.delete(0, len(val))
                    head, sep, tail = self.clean_numeric(val)
                else:
                    head, sep, tail = '0', '.', '00'

                if not head:
                    head = '0'
                if len(tail) < 2:
                    tail = '0' + tail

                if tail and len(tail + event.char) <= 2 and (int(tail+event.char))<99:
                    tail = tail[1:] + event.char
                else:
                    if not int(head):
                        head = tail[0] if tail else '0'
                    else:
                        head += tail[0]
                    tail = tail[1:] + event.char
                    widget.insert(0, ''.join([head, sep, tail]))
                return 'break'
            elif self.fields['type'] == 'numeric' and event.keysym == 'BackSpace':
                if val:
                    widget.delete(0, len(val))
                    head, sep, tail = self.clean_numeric(val[:-1])
                else:
                    head, sep, tail = '0', '.', '00'
                widget.insert(0, ''.join([head, sep, tail]))
                return 'break'
            else:
                self.bell()
                return 'break'

    def insert(self, index, value):
        if self.fields['type']=='numeric':
            ttk.Entry.insert(self, index, self.fmt_numeric(value))
        else:
            for c in str(value):
                while (not self.tests[index] or not self.tests[index].match(c)):
                    index += 1
                self._write_char(index,c)
                index += 1

    def _write_char(self, idx, char, direction=+1):
        if 0<=idx<self.len and self.tests[idx]:
            if char != self.fields['placeholder'] and not self.tests[idx].match(char):
                self.bell()
                return 'break'
            self.delete(idx)
            ttk.Entry.insert(self, idx, char)
            if direction == +1:
                if idx + 1 < self.len and not self.tests[idx+1]:
                    idx = self.seekNext(idx)
                else:
                    idx += 1
            elif direction == -1 and \
                idx - 1 >= 0 and \
                not self.tests[idx]:
                idx = self.seekPrev(idx)
            self.icursor(idx)
            return 'break'
        else:
            self.bell()
            return 'break'


def get_calendar(locale, fwday):
    # instantiate proper calendar class
    if locale is None:
        return calendar.TextCalendar(fwday)
    else:
        return calendar.LocaleTextCalendar(fwday, locale)

class Calendar(ttk.Frame):
    # XXX ToDo: cget and configure

    datetime = calendar.datetime.datetime
    timedelta = calendar.datetime.timedelta

    def __init__(self, master=None, **kw):
        """
        WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS

            locale, firstweekday, year, month, selectbackground,
            selectforeground
        """
        # remove custom options from kw before initializating ttk.Frame
        fwday = kw.pop('firstweekday', calendar.SUNDAY)
        year = kw.pop('year', self.datetime.now().year)
        month = kw.pop('month', self.datetime.now().month)
        locale = kw.pop('locale', None)
        sel_bg = kw.pop('selectbackground', '#ecffc4')
        sel_fg = kw.pop('selectforeground', '#05640e')

        self._date = self.datetime(year, month, 1)
        self._selection = None # no date selected

        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master, **kw)

        self._cal = get_calendar(locale, fwday)

        self.__setup_styles()       # creates custom styles
        self.__place_widgets()      # pack/grid used widgets
        self.__config_calendar()    # adjust calendar columns and setup tags
        # configure a canvas, and proper bindings, for selecting dates
        self.__setup_selection(sel_bg, sel_fg)

        # store items ids, used for insertion later
        self._items = [self._calendar.insert('', 'end', values='')
                            for _ in range(6)]
        # insert dates in the currently empty calendar
        self._build_calendar()

        # set the minimal size for the widget
        self._calendar.bind('<Map>', self.__minsize)

    def __setitem__(self, item, value):
        if item in ('year', 'month'):
            raise AttributeError("attribute '%s' is not writeable" % item)
        elif item == 'selectbackground':
            self._canvas['background'] = value
        elif item == 'selectforeground':
            self._canvas.itemconfigure(self._canvas.text, item=value)
        else:
            ttk.Frame.__setitem__(self, item, value)

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        if item in ('year', 'month'):
            return getattr(self._date, item)
        elif item == 'selectbackground':
            return self._canvas['background']
        elif item == 'selectforeground':
            return self._canvas.itemcget(self._canvas.text, 'fill')
        else:
            r = ttk.tclobjs_to_py({item: ttk.Frame.__getitem__(self, item)})
            return r[item]

    def __setup_styles(self):
        # custom ttk styles
        style = ttk.Style(self.master)
        arrow_layout = lambda dir: (
            [('Button.focus', {'children': [('Button.%sarrow' % dir, None)]})]
        )
        style.layout('L.TButton', arrow_layout('left'))
        style.layout('R.TButton', arrow_layout('right'))

    def __place_widgets(self):
        # header frame and its widgets
        hframe = ttk.Frame(self)
        lbtn = ttk.Button(hframe, style='L.TButton', command=self._prev_month)
        rbtn = ttk.Button(hframe, style='R.TButton', command=self._next_month)
        self._header = ttk.Label(hframe, width=15, anchor='center')
        # the calendar
        self._calendar = ttk.Treeview(show='', selectmode='none', height=7)

        # pack the widgets
        hframe.pack(in_=self, side='top', pady=4, anchor='center')
        lbtn.grid(in_=hframe)
        self._header.grid(in_=hframe, column=1, row=0, padx=12)
        rbtn.grid(in_=hframe, column=2, row=0)
        self._calendar.pack(in_=self, expand=1, fill='both', side='bottom')

    def __config_calendar(self):
        cols = self._cal.formatweekheader(3).split()
        self._calendar['columns'] = cols
        self._calendar.tag_configure('header', background='grey90')
        self._calendar.insert('', 'end', values=cols, tag='header')
        # adjust its columns width
        font = tkFont.Font()
        maxwidth = max(font.measure(col) for col in cols)
        for col in cols:
            self._calendar.column(col, width=maxwidth, minwidth=maxwidth,
                anchor='e')

    def __setup_selection(self, sel_bg, sel_fg):
        self._font = tkFont.Font()
        self._canvas = canvas = tk.Canvas(self._calendar,
            background=sel_bg, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0)
        canvas.text = canvas.create_text(0, 0, fill=sel_fg, anchor='w')

        canvas.bind('<ButtonPress-1>', lambda evt: canvas.place_forget())
        self._calendar.bind('<Configure>', lambda evt: canvas.place_forget())
        self._calendar.bind('<ButtonPress-1>', self._pressed)

    def __minsize(self, evt):
        width, height = self._calendar.master.geometry().split('x')
        height = height[:height.index('+')]
        self._calendar.master.minsize(width, height)

    def _build_calendar(self):
        year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month

        # update header text (Month, YEAR)
        header = self._cal.formatmonthname(year, month, 0)
        self._header['text'] = header.title()

        # update calendar shown dates
        cal = self._cal.monthdayscalendar(year, month)
        for indx, item in enumerate(self._items):
            week = cal[indx] if indx < len(cal) else []
            fmt_week = [('%02d' % day) if day else '' for day in week]
            self._calendar.item(item, values=fmt_week)

    def _show_selection(self, text, bbox):
        """Configure canvas for a new selection."""
        x, y, width, height = bbox

        textw = self._font.measure(text)

        canvas = self._canvas
        canvas.configure(width=width, height=height)
        canvas.coords(canvas.text, width - textw, height / 2 - 1)
        canvas.itemconfigure(canvas.text, text=text)
        canvas.place(in_=self._calendar, x=x, y=y)

    # Callbacks

    def _pressed(self, evt):
        """Clicked somewhere in the calendar."""
        x, y, widget = evt.x, evt.y, evt.widget
        item = widget.identify_row(y)
        column = widget.identify_column(x)

        if not column or not item in self._items:
            # clicked in the weekdays row or just outside the columns
            return

        item_values = widget.item(item)['values']
        if not len(item_values): # row is empty for this month
            return

        text = item_values[int(column[1]) - 1]
        if not text: # date is empty
            return

        bbox = widget.bbox(item, column)
        if not bbox: # calendar not visible yet
            return

        # update and then show selection
        text = '%02d' % text
        self._selection = (text, item, column)
        self._show_selection(text, bbox)

    def _prev_month(self):
        """Updated calendar to show the previous month."""
        self._canvas.place_forget()

        self._date = self._date - self.timedelta(days=1)
        self._date = self.datetime(self._date.year, self._date.month, 1)
        self._build_calendar() # reconstuct calendar

    def _next_month(self):
        """Update calendar to show the next month."""
        self._canvas.place_forget()

        year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
        self._date = self._date + self.timedelta(
            days=calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1] + 1)
        self._date = self.datetime(self._date.year, self._date.month, 1)
        self._build_calendar() # reconstruct calendar

    # Properties

    @property
    def selection(self):
        """Return a datetime representing the current selected date."""
        if not self._selection:
            return None

        year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
        return self.datetime(year, month, int(self._selection[0]))



def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    page = tk.Frame(root)
    c = MaskedWidget(page, 'fixed', mask='+99 (99) 999-999-999', width=20)
    c.insert(0, '6611122266647')
    c.pack()
    c = MaskedWidget(page, 'fixed', mask='99/99/9999')
    c.insert(0, '29091991')
    c.pack()
    MaskedWidget(page, 'numeric').pack()
    c = MaskedWidget(page, 'numeric', dec_sep=",", tho_sep='.', symbol="R$")
    c.insert(0, '12659.96')
    c.pack()

    # Cleaning text
    c = MaskedWidget(page, 'numeric', dec_sep=",", tho_sep='.', symbol="R$")
    c.insert(0, '12659.96')
    c.pack()
    c.clean()

    c = Calendar(page)
    c.pack()

    FormWidget(page,
        label=u'Olá',
        help='Seu Nome'
    ).pack()
    page.pack()

    root.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Various improvements regarding the BackSpace key issue, and the formatting of numeric fields

Max, tudo bem?

Implementei o seu código em uma aplicação que estou desenvolvendo.
O único problema é que quando preciso limpar os campos usando o método ".delete(0,END)" ele limpa também a máscara inserida, e transforma o widget em um entry normal.

Alguma sugestão? Tentei usar o método ".select_range(0,END)" e depois ".select_clear()" mas não estão funcionando não sei porque. Eles nao executam nada.

Pesquisei várias alternativas e a que me deixou mais perto do que quero foi o seu código.

Desde já muito obrigado.

@bernardesrodrigo eu só vi sua mensagem agora, para limpar vc pode usar

widgets.fields['textvariable'].set("")

Max, poderia dar uma exemplificada melhor na dúvida do Bernardes, por favor!

Estava tentando aqui com o que você repassou - widgets.fields['textvariable'].set("") - porém não tá dando certo :/

@wesleygurgel vou implementar um método dedicado para isso, assim que estiver em ordem, te aviso, e ao @bernardesrodrigo também

Added clean as dedicated method to cleanup the field

@wesleygurgel agora basta utilizar o método clean para limpar o widget

@wesleygurgel agora basta utilizar o método clean para limpar o widget

@MaxMorais tu é brabo, obg de verdade

bom dia, estou com duvida em relação a atribuir a data selecionada no Calendar à uma variavel.

@vitortitz, qual a sua pergunta?

após fazer a seleção no calendário como faço para poder atribuir a data selecionada à uma variável? Desculpa a pergunta, sou novato em python

@vitortitz utilize algo assim no teu codigo

minha_var = meu_calendar.selection

@MaxMorais desculpa a demora, obrigado pela ajuda, irei fazer o teste.

@MaxMorais desculpa incomodar novamente, mas existe alguma forma de selecionar o ano tbm, sem ser voltando de mês em mês?

como faço para adicionar maskara cpf no Entry do Tkinter?

Me ajudou muito mesmo, parabéns pela sua iniciativa!!