Image convolution in C++ + Gaussian blur

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <assert.h>
#include <cmath>
#include <png++/png.hpp>

using namespace std;

typedef vector<double> Array;
typedef vector<Array> Matrix;
typedef vector<Matrix> Image;

Matrix getGaussian(int height, int width, double sigma)
{
    Matrix kernel(height, Array(width));
    double sum=0.0;
    int i,j;

    for (i=0 ; i<height ; i++) {
        for (j=0 ; j<width ; j++) {
            kernel[i][j] = exp(-(i*i+j*j)/(2*sigma*sigma))/(2*M_PI*sigma*sigma);
            sum += kernel[i][j];
        }
    }

    for (i=0 ; i<height ; i++) {
        for (j=0 ; j<width ; j++) {
            kernel[i][j] /= sum;
        }
    }

    return kernel;
}

Image loadImage(const char *filename)
{
    png::image<png::rgb_pixel> image(filename);
    Image imageMatrix(3, Matrix(image.get_height(), Array(image.get_width())));

    int h,w;
    for (h=0 ; h<image.get_height() ; h++) {
        for (w=0 ; w<image.get_width() ; w++) {
            imageMatrix[0][h][w] = image[h][w].red;
            imageMatrix[1][h][w] = image[h][w].green;
            imageMatrix[2][h][w] = image[h][w].blue;
        }
    }

    return imageMatrix;
}

void saveImage(Image &image, const char *filename)
{
    assert(image.size()==3);

    int height = image[0].size();
    int width = image[0][0].size();
    int x,y;

    png::image<png::rgb_pixel> imageFile(width, height);

    for (y=0 ; y<height ; y++) {
        for (x=0 ; x<width ; x++) {
            imageFile[y][x].red = image[0][y][x];
            imageFile[y][x].green = image[1][y][x];
            imageFile[y][x].blue = image[2][y][x];
        }
    }
    imageFile.write(filename);
}

Image applyFilter(Image &image, Matrix &filter){
    assert(image.size()==3 && filter.size()!=0);

    int height = image[0].size();
    int width = image[0][0].size();
    int filterHeight = filter.size();
    int filterWidth = filter[0].size();
    int newImageHeight = height-filterHeight+1;
    int newImageWidth = width-filterWidth+1;
    int d,i,j,h,w;

    Image newImage(3, Matrix(newImageHeight, Array(newImageWidth)));

    for (d=0 ; d<3 ; d++) {
        for (i=0 ; i<newImageHeight ; i++) {
            for (j=0 ; j<newImageWidth ; j++) {
                for (h=i ; h<i+filterHeight ; h++) {
                    for (w=j ; w<j+filterWidth ; w++) {
                        newImage[d][i][j] += filter[h-i][w-j]*image[d][h][w];
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return newImage;
}

Image applyFilter(Image &image, Matrix &filter, int times)
{
    Image newImage = image;
    for(int i=0 ; i<times ; i++) {
        newImage = applyFilter(newImage, filter);
    }
    return newImage;
}

int main()
{
    Matrix filter = getGaussian(5, 5, 10.0);

    cout << "Loading image..." << endl;
    Image image = loadImage("image.png");
    cout << "Applying filter..." << endl;
    Image newImage = applyFilter(image, filter);
    cout << "Saving image..." << endl;
    saveImage(newImage, "newImage.png");
    cout << "Done!" << endl;
}

@ivanp2015 kind of like "dot product of two vectors is not a vector but a scalar" https://i.stack.imgur.com/SFST9.gif

hello,
I wan't to do a convolution kernel with silhouette size, how to choose the size , and after i will do the threscholding

could you consider the image borders?

Not a very good algo as it is reducing the image size upon each filter we apply.

guys , i am new with C++ , when i tried to run this codes i get this massage :
fatal error: png++/png.hpp: No such file or directory
what is the problem ?

guys , i am new with C++ , when i tried to run this codes i get this massage :
fatal error: png++/png.hpp: No such file or directory
what is the problem ?

@nasirco2020 You have to include the png++ library. In Ubuntu try with
sudo apt-get install png++
Also, when you compile, don't forget to add the flag -lpng

int newImageHeight = height-filterHeight+1;
int newImageWidth = width-filterWidth+1;

Why output image differs in size from original?
Shouldn't it be the same?

output size will be the same as input if you do padding with the input.

int newImageHeight = (height-filterHeight+2*padding)/(stride) + 1

same formula for width.