When I create VMs on VirtualBox, I just choose automatically distribute disk
space, but that auto-distributed disk space has been limited by the VirtualBox.
For example, I just create a virtual machine Debian using VirtualBox on MacOS.
The new VM Debian get 12GB disk space, but a few days later, all the 12GB has
been used by Debian. Thus, I need to manually enlarge the disk space of VM
Debian because the notifications says "Low Disk Space This computer has only
245.3MB disk space remaining.".
If you create VM using VirtualBox, choose fixed size storage, and your VM disk
space has stayed low, you need to create a new .vdi disk bigger than the
limited disk, and copy the date from the limited disk to the larger disk using
dd command. Also, do not forget to backup your data before creating enlarge.
Please refer: Using command dd copy the virtual OS into new virtual disk for
fixed size storage VM(Chinese Blog).
Even I want to enlarge my base memory of my VirtualBox VM, I just run only one
VM on my host machine, there is no need to extend the base memory of my VM,
and the space of swap partition is less than the base memory of my VM, also,
there is no need to expand the swap partition.
refer:
How to change the RAM allocated to an OS in VirtualBox?(Super User)
How much memory (RAM) should I allocate to the Virtual Machine?(Ask Ubuntu)
My VM Debian has just installed on MacOS via VirtualBox, VM Debian is a .vdi
image file, I have just needed to copy that file into other direction differ
than the source direction, e.g: local host machine desktop or external disk.
Check my VM debian's location, it was under
/Users/my_user_name/VirtualBox VMs/linux_Debian_system_version/linux_Debian_image_name.vdi
Check my local host machine MacOS desktop's location:
/Users/my_user_name/Desktop/
Check my external disk's location:
/Volumes/my_external_disk/
I just use command cp to backup the .vdi under my desktop(This takes about
30 seconds and generate the same UUID):
(Just use my host machine terminal)
cd ~
cp "/Users/my_user_name/VirtualBox VMs/linux_Debian_system_version/linux_Debian_image_name.vdi" "/Users/my_user_name/Desktop/linux_Debian_image_backup_name.vdi"
if you use cp to backup that .vdi under the external disk, that will takes
a few minutes but less than using command VBoxManage clonehd.
Or, I just use command VBoxManage clonehd to backup that .vdi under my
external disk(this takes a few minutes and generate a new UUID):
(Just use my host machine terminal)
cd ~
cd "/Users/my_user_name/VirtualBox VMs/"
VBoxManage clonehd "/Users/my_user_name/VirtualBox VMs/linux_Debian_system_version/linux_Debian_image_name.vdi" "/Volumes/my_external_disk/linux_Debian_image_backup_name.vdi"
refer:
Test of coping and moving vdi file(Chinese Blog).
Sync the disk of virtual machine(Chinese Blog).
If you have another disk bigger than the one disk, e.g: the one source disk is
13GB and another disk has 32 GB, you can use command dd to backup all the one
source disk(the one source disk is under /dev/sda/, another disk is under
/dev/sdb/):
(Just ssh login your remote machine via local host terminal)
cd ~
ssh root_or_user_name@remoteIP -p port_number_ "dd if=/dev/sda " | dd of=/dev/sdb
Or, use default port:
cd ~
ssh root_or_user_name@remoteIP "dd if=/dev/sda " | dd of=/dev/sdb
Also, if your data disk partition has been deleted, then restore the source
data disk partition:
cd ~
ssh root_or_user_name@remoteIp "dd if=/dev/sdb" | dd of=/dev/sda
refer:
Using command dd copy the virtual OS into new virtual disk(Chinese Blog)
Using command dd manually operate disk on Linux(Chinese Blog).
The detail of SSH on Linux(Chinese Blog).
If your remote VM or cloud server has the console or API, you can manually
create an image and download into the local. E.g: aws(.vdmk), alibaba
cloud(.oss).
If you have more than 50% free disk space, you can create a image for your disk
partition via an .image file, and use command scp to download that backup
image file to local:
(Just in your local machine terminal)
cd ~
ssh root_or_user_name@remoteIP -p port_number_ "dd if=/dev/sda" | \
dd of=/remote_home/remote_user_name/Document/remote_vm_backup_image_file.image
scp -P port_number_ root_or_user_name@remoteIP:/remote_home/remote_user_name/Document/remote_vm_backup_image_file.image /local_home/local_user_name/Desktop/remote_vm_backup_image_file_in_local.image
Notice: command ssh choose port using -p, while command scp using -P.
Also, if your source data disk partition has been deleted, then restore the
local backup file into remote virtual machine:
cd ~
scp -P port_number_ /local_home/local_user_name/Desktop/remote_vm_backup_image_file_in_local.image root_or_user_name@remoteIP:/remote_home/remote_user_name/Document/remote_vm_backup_image_file.image
ssh root_or_user_name@remoteIP -p port_number_ "dd if=/remote_home/remote_user_name/Document/remote_vm_backup_image_file.image" | \
of=/dev/sda
All detail about the backup of system disk and data disk on Cloud Virtual
Machine, please refer the document of Tencent Cloud.
If your do not have more than 50% free disk space, then you should compress the
backup image file,
e.g: (backup below)
cd ~ && ssh user@remote "dd if=/dev/sda | gzip -1 -" | dd of=image.gz
scp -P port_number_ image.gz /local_home/user_name/Desktop/image_local_backup.gz
(restore)
cd ~ && scp -P port_number_ /local_home/user_name/Desktop/image_local_backup.gz image.gz
ssh user@remote "dd if=image.gz | gzip -dc -" | dd of=/dev/sda
or, if the upstairs do not work, just try(the below and upstairs should be
check twice, again and again!):
cd ~ && scp -P port_number_ /local_home/user_name/Desktop/image_local_backup.gz image.gz
ssh user@remote "gzip -dc image.gz" | dd of=/dev/sda
Please use the second of compressing image to restore source disk.
Notice: gunzip -c file.image.gz equals gzip -dc file.image.gz, -d means
decompress.
If you want to restore the remote VM into local VirtualBox, just use:
cd ~ && gzip -dc /local_home/user_name/Desktop/image_local_backup.image.gz
cd "/Users/my_user_name/VirtualBox VMs/"
VBoxManage convertdd /local_home/user_name/Desktop/image_local_backup.image restore_virtualbox_image.vdi --format VDI
But the upstairs maybe end with Fatal:Virtual Box: No bootable medium found!.
refer:
Restoring Stuff with dd(Real Tech Talk).
DD to restore compressed hard drive images(Linux Questions Org).
DD Backup, Compress, and Restore(GitHub Gist).
Exporting an instance as a VM using VM Import/Export(AWS Document).
backup an existing linux server to a virtualbox virtual machine(server fault).
How to dd a remote disk using SSH on local machine and save to a local disk(UNIX&LINUX).
Clone a remote Linux server with rsync and migrate it locally as Virtual Machine(server fault).
The usage of gzip and gunzip(Chinese Blog).
Command scp of Linux(Chinese Blog).
The command scp of Linux(Chinese Blog).
If your remote VM only have 0% free disk partition, you have to download all
the files or folders under remote partition /dev/sda with its' mounted
directory /, you need to use command scp, rsync or even sftp services.
But command scp disappear file permissions, date attributes and soft links,
even do not support incremental backup. E.g:
scp -P port_number_-r user@remoteIp:// /local_home/local_user/remoteVMbackup/
Thought the user and group of file will become the user and group of login
account, command rsync do better than scp.
Backup all the files or folders of the remote VM:
(Just under your local terminal)
rsync -avl --delete --progress --exclude '/dev/' --exclude '/proc/' user@remoteIP:// /local_home/local_user/remoteVmBackup/
or, in short:
rsync -avl user@remoteIP:// /local_home/local_user/remoteVmBackup/
refer:
rsync(1) - Linux man page(Linux Die).
How to use Rsync on Windows 10 and Rsync alternative software(MiniTool Japan).
rsync document(archLinux Japan).
Copying files with rsync(Japanese Blog).
Six rules that first-time rsync users should know(Japanese Blog)
backup an existing linux server to a virtualbox virtual machine(Server fault).
Rsync: auto-matic backup and sync the remote Linux(Chinese Blog).
Copy the remote files via rsync(Chinese Blog).
Using rsync backup the remote VM(Chinese Blog).
If you do not know the content structure of remote VM, you can use sftp:
(Just under your local terminal)
cd ~ && cd /local_home/local_user/remoteVMbackupSFTP/
sftp -P port_number_ user@remoteIp
cd // && get -r //
Also, you can use FTP server to download the remote VM into local machine.
refer:
Using SFTP for Remote File Transfer from the Command Line(Portland State University).
Upload & Download From Remote FTP & SFTP(ARC Cdata).
How to Download and Upload Remote Directory in sFTP(Linux shell tips).
How to Transfer Files using SFTP?(Geeks for geeks).
SFTP: Logging In to a Remote System to Copy a File(ORACLE).
How To Use SFTP to Securely Transfer Files with a Remote Server(Digital Ocean)
How to Backup a Hyper-V VM Remotely Online(Backup Chain USA).
Using sftp copy the remote file(Chinese Blog).
Using sftp backup the remote VM(Chinese Blog).
Using FTP download remote VM into local(Alibaba Cloud Chine).
First, click the VirtualBox APP using your TrackPad; Second, find out the menu
of 'VirtualBox' on the right of the apple logo; Third, find the menu of 'File'
on the right of menu 'VirtualBox'; Fourth, click the menu 'File' and choose
"Virtual Media Manager" to click; Fifth, change the number of 'Size', e.g:
'40.00GB'. Sixth, click 'Apply' to make sure. Seventh, click close to exit.
But I suggest that enlarge quintuple size of the current disk space.
E.g:'60GB'.
There are two ways to enlarge the partition of VM. One is that enlarge the
source partition into bigger partition than the formal size of the source
partition; Another is that create a new partition and mount that new partition
with the data space of VM.
Refer:
Extend the logical volume(AWS:Premium Support-knowledge center).
Enlarge the partition and file system of System disk for Linux(Chinese).
Notice: sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1 - this form will default to making the
filesystem to take all available space on the partition.
Please backup your data before you manually enlarger the partition of your VM.
After I adjust the disk space of the VM, the Debian also says: "Low Disk Space"
and "This computer has only 244.7MB disk space remaining", I just use df -h
to check the actual usage of disk space:
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 11G 11G 0 100% /
As I see, the disk space of VM Debian is the same size. So I'm not able to
access any of this space yet.
That means the VM do not recognize the new enlarged partition, that's the guest
VM can not use the new free space, so I need to manually change the partition
of VM Debian, this's I will now eed to extend the VM Debian's partition.
Changing or resizing the partition of the VM guest's partition use GParted.
Just simple boot the GParted ISO image in my VM or install GParted via apt on
terminal if my VM have enough disk space.
Because I have no more than one byte on my VM Debian, I just use the GParted
live CD's ISO file.
1.Download the ISO file of GParted from Org.
2.Loading the GParted ISO.
First, shut down the VM Debian;
Second, click APP VirtualBox to enter and right click to choose the setting
menu;
Third, click Storage and find out Controller: SATA to click;
Fourth, choose the button Adds optional drive and click Add;
Fifth, choose ISO gparted-live-1.4.0-5-amd64.iso with Open button to load and
click gparted-live-1.4.0-5-amd64.iso and click 'Choose' button.
Sixth, click Ok button to start settings.
But once start the VM Debian, that only display one light down space. Because
there is no disk space for Debian and quit Debian during upgrade software, this
time I can not use graph playstation GParted to manually extend the partition
of VM Debian.
3.If you can use the GParted to manually enlarger your extended disk space,
please refer below:
How to Enlarge a Virtual Machine’s Disk in VirtualBox or VMware.
VirtualBox: How to solve the issue with low disk space.
Using GParted to enlarge the VirtualBox VM space(Chinese Blog).
The solution of Low disk space on VirtualBox VM Ubuntu(Chinese Blog).
How to deal with low disk space on Ubuntu via enlarging disk(Chinese Blog).
Once quitting the VM Debian during upgrading software or others, there only
have a light down space. So I need use Ctrl + Alt + Fn(n from 1 to 6).
The n under Fn dependent the work station of VM. Just my Debian use F2.
After "Ctrl" + "ALt" + "F2" are being touched, the VM will enter the terminal
status.
Just use the uer name and password to login the VM.
As the terminal shows after I typing sudo fdisk -l:
Disk /dev/sda: 30 GiB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Disk model: VBOX HARDDISK
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x50c3fc86
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 23164927 23162880 11G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 23166974 25163775 1996802 975M 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 23166976 25163775 1996800 975M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
and terminal shows after typing df -hT:
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev devtmpfs 465M 0 465M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 98M 2.4M 96M 3% /run
/dev/sda1 ext4 11G 11G 0 100% /
tmpfs tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs tmpfs 98M 60K 98M 1% /run/user/1000
also, terminal shows after typing df -hi:
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev 117K 389 116K 1% /dev
tmpfs 123K 665 122K 1% /run
/dev/sda1 708K 297K 412K 42% /
tmpfs 123K 1 123K 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 123K 4 123K 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 25K 67 25K 1% /run/user/1000
or, terminal shows after typing df -iTh:
Filesystem Type Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev devtmpfs 117K 378 116K 1% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 123K 721 122K 1% /run
/dev/sda1 ext4 2.3M 297K 2.0M 13% /
tmpfs tmpfs 123K 1 123K 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 123K 4 123K 1% /run/lock
tmpfs tmpfs 25K 120 25K 1% /run/user/1000
Notice: This Gist mainly major in this place!!!
Just as my command sudo fdisk -l shows, if I need to distribute some of the
free space or unpartitioned space, I should remove all the partitions between
the main partition and the free space. This is the moment to witness the
miracle!
(Please login your virtual machine terminal)
(1)Turn off the swap permissions: sudo swapoff /dev/sda5;
And use command free -h to check whether swapoff do matter or not, if you see
the free or total space percent of swap partition is 0B, that means
successfully turn off the swap; Or, lsblk will not display the [SWAP] at
the line of /dev/sda5; Or lsblk -f | grep "swap" will not show the percent
of free space and used space, e.g: sda5 swap 1 UUID.
Also, I just use command lsblk -f | grep "swap" to catch the UUID of swap
partition.
Others, reboot or restart will automatically turn on the swap, using command
sudo swapoff swap_partition_directory just temporarily turn off swap.
(2)Remove or delete the swap partition /dev/sda5 and extended partition
/dev/sda2:
I can use fdisk, cfdisk, sfdisk, parted or even gdisk, because they
has been installed under every Linux system, including Debian, Ubuntu and so
on. Also, I do not have to manually install liking cloud-guest-utils tools.
At this point, I recommend cfdisk and gdisk. Just use cfdisk for example.
sudo cfdisk
The upstairs will enter the place of cfdisk.
I remember the partition type, filesystem UUID and filesystem of main partition
/dev/sda1, extended partition /dev/sda2 and swap partition /dev/sda5.
Just use up direction button and down direction button to choose partition,
use right direction button and left direction button to choose operation.
Firstly, Removing swap partition /dev/sda5: touch twice down direction
button and twice left direction button and once enter button;
Secondly, removing extended partition /dev/sda2: touch once up direction
button and twice left direction button and once enter button;
(3)Resize the main partition /dev/sda1, the source space of /dev/sda1 is
12.96GB, all the virtual disk has 40GB, so I just let /dev/sda1 32GB or
36GB or 39GB.
Extended and swap partition also has the source size 975MB or less.
Notice, if a disk or partition space has been used up to 80%, there is a
dangerous status. We should enlarge the disk space before 80% used storage.
I need the resized main partition /dev/sda1 has the same start cylinder
(e.g: start 2048) with the source main partition /dev/sda1, if cfdisk can't
do that, I will use parted even gdisk.
Thirdly, resize the main partition /dev/sda1: once up direction and once
right direction and once enter button; Remove the automatic size 40GB,
change that into 36GB and push enter button; four times right direction
button and once enter to write the operations using cfdisk, and type yes
to ensure; then three times touch left direction button to quit the cfdisk.
As the cfdisk menu display, the resized new main partition has the same
cylinder with the form source main partition. So, next.
Others, Automatic the process of expanding the partition. E.g, an VM Ubuntu
under Windows using sudo fdisk -l:
Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)
Disk /dev/vda: 172GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags Mounted
1 1049kB 512MB 511MB primary linux-swap(v1) boot
2 513MB 26.8GB 26.3GB extended
5 513MB 1012MB 499MB logical ext4
6 1013MB 16.0GB 15.0G logical ext4 /root
7 16.0GB 26.8GB 10.8GB logical ext4 /home
and after creating a large virtual machine's disk, I need to change the display
using sudo fdisk -l:
Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)
Disk /dev/vda: 172GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags Mounted
1 1049kB 512MB 511MB primary linux-swap(v1) boot
2 513MB 26.8GB 26.3GB extended
5 513MB 1012MB 499MB logical ext4
6 1013MB 16.0GB 15.0G logical ext4 /root
7 16.0GB 26.8GB 10.8GB logical ext4 /home
free 26.8GB 172GB 145GB free space
Also, I need to this below display after automatically expand the disk using
sudo fdisk -l:
Model: Virtio Block Device (virtblk)
Disk /dev/vda: 172GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags Mounted
1 1049kB 512MB 511MB primary linux-swap(v1) boot
2 513MB 26.8GB 26.3GB extended
5 513MB 1012MB 499MB logical ext4
6 1013MB 16.0GB 15.0G logical ext4 /root
7 16.0GB 172GB 156GB logical ext4 /home
Follow suggestion and idea.
A.Create the following files on the golden image disk before exporting:
/etc/rc.local:
#!/bin/sh -e
type /etc/init.d/extend-home-part.sh && /etc/init.d/extend-home-part.sh
exit 0
/etc/init.d/extend-home-part.sh:
#!/bin/sh
sudo growpart /dev/vda 2 && sudo growpart /dev/vda 7 && sudo resize2fs /dev/vda7
sudo mv /etc/init.d/extend-home-part.sh /etc/init.d/extended-home-part.sh
exit 0
B.Then, create a virtual machine with a larger virtual disk. Have fun!
(4)Re-create extended and swap partition:
I just enable975MB to extended partition /dev/sda2, and 975MB to swap
partition /dev/sda5, also, the start cylinder of extended partition
/dev/sda2 less 2 than the start cylinder of the swap partition, thought they
have the same end partition. The start cylinder of the extended partition
bigger 2047 than the end cylinder of main partition /dev/sda1.
Fourthly, re-create extended partition: once down direction button and once
enter button; clean the automatic size 4GB, change into 975MB, and push
enter button; choose extended menu via once right direction button,
but the start cylinder of the extended partition is not my needed! So, I just
quit cfdisk. If I want to finish my needed, I should use fdisk or parted
or even gdisk. In all, I should let the cfdisk operations write work before
I re-create the extended and swap partition.
Fifthly, using fdisk to re-create the needed extended partition /dev/sda2:
sudo fdisk /dev/sda to enter the placefdisk; type n and enterto add a
new partition; type e and enterto choose extended; type enter to named
the partition /dev/sda2; type "(the end cylinder of main partition)+2047"
and enter to set my needed the start cylinder of my new extended partition;
type +975M and enter to set the size of my new extended partition;
Sixthly, using fdisk to re-create the needed swap partition /dev/sda5:
type n and enterto add a new partition; type l and enterto choose
logical; type enter to named the partition /dev/sda5; type enter to set
default start cylinder; type enter to set default end cylinder; type t and
enter to change a partition type; type 5 to change the partition type of
/dev/sda5; type 82 to set Linux swap / Solaris into the partition type of
/dev/sda5; then type w and enter to write and sync into the disks.
Just use sudo mkswap /dev/sda5 and input your root password to set the file
type of partition /dev/sda5 into swap, please remember the UUID of swap
or logical partition /dev/sda5, e.g:
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 974 MiB (1021308928 bytes)
no label, UUID=663053ea-1e9e-4c63-a34f-fa0a069af4cb
and use sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1 to set all the file types of main
partition /dev/sda1 into ext4.
Then, turn the swap on: sudo swapon /dev/sda5.
(5)Copy your swap UUID into /etc/fstab: sudo vim /etc/fstab, please update
the UUID under the line of swap, type i to edit the file, copy your new
swap UUID instead of the old UUID of the former swap.
(6)Restart or reboot your virtual machine: sudo reboot.
Have fun!!!
Others, how do the expanded VM Debian feel?
Not worse!Debian's Startup is a little slow. The host MacOS automatically shuts
down twice. The host's CPU was overloaded for five minutes without warning, and
I had to quit all programs in use and shut down.
Finally, how to expand the main/root partition on the Work/Company laptop,
please refer: Later edits with solution from IT(Ask Ubuntu).
Notices:
A-Partition types adn file types(refer: this)
Partition types File type
Id Type
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) FAT32
5 Extended
83 Linux ext4
82 Linux swap / Solaris swap
B-Others partition types(refer: this)
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden or c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi ea Rufus alignment
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD eb BeOS fs
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ee GPT
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f1 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f4 SpeedStor
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ f2 DOS secondary
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fb VMware VMFS
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fc VMware VMKCORE
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fd Linux raid auto
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bc Acronis FAT32 L fe LANstep
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
C-Partition types can be(refer: this)
Primary – Holds the operating system files. Only four primary partitions can be created.
Extended – Special type of partition in which more than the four primary partitions can be created.
Logical – Partition that has been created inside of an extended partition.
D-Reply all the same question at Stack Exchange has been done, Yes!
Referring about using terminal resize the disk partition of VM:
Low disk space on Filesystem root despite having plenty of space in home(Ask Ubuntu).
The idea of creating the swap partition on Linux(Chinese Blog).
cfdisk(8) - Linux man page(Linux Die Net).
The partition tolls of Linux: fdisk, cfdisk and sfdisk(Chinese Blog).
Comparing three Linux partition tools: fdisk, gdisk and parted(Chinese Blog).
How to disable swap forever in Linux(Chinese Blog).
Resize Disk Partition on Remote VM Server(Ask Ubuntu).
Increase partition size on which Ubuntu is installed?(Ask Ubuntu).
How to extend filesystem partition on Ubuntu VM?(UNIX&LINUX).
VirtualBox Increase Size of Ubuntu Linux(Stack overflow).
how to let Ubuntu see that I increased disk size in azure portal(Stack overflow).
How do resize an OS partition(Stack overflow).
the GNU Parted Manual(GNU Org).
Extend a Linux file system after resizing a volume(AWS Document).
Expand virtual hard disks on a Linux VM with the Azure CLI(Azure Document).
How to Resize Droplets(DigitalOcean Document).
Resize the file system and partitions(Google Cloud).
Extending MBR Partitions and File Systems Offline (Tencent Cloud Document)
Extend the partitions and file systems of disks on a Linux instance(Alibaba Cloud Document).
Extending Partitions and File Systems for System Disks(Huawei Cloud Document).
Please refer: