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diskutil list
diskutil unmountdisk /dev/disk2s1
dd if=/dev/disk2s1 of=card.img bs=1m

Check status of dd by pressing Ctrl + T in Terminal.

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Laravel: Basic Value Object with Predefined Range of Accepted Values

Your model has a list of accepted values. Say, your student score can be low, medium, or high. You want to store these values as Integers in the database and as a programmer, you want to work with constants like so:

Score::MEDIUM

Also, your HTML <select> field should have options for all available Constant values and label them with a translated label from your language file.

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Laravel: Basic Value Object

If you want to enforce certain values in your models, you can use simple value objects for this job. This class helps to reuse some of the logic:

/**
 * Representation of a simple value object with a single attribute that should be validated
 *
 * @package Demo
 */

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// dirty tracking
// original: https://github.com/tekpub/knockout-cart/blob/master/src/cart.js
ko.computed(function(){
    // do things like:
    // localStorage.setItem("tekpubCart",ko.toJSON(self.items));
}).extend({throttle : 1});

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// extension to replace an observable with a writeable computed that forces write to be numeric
// original: https://github.com/tekpub/knockout-cart/blob/master/src/extensions.js
ko.observable.fn.asPositiveInteger = function(defaultForBadValue) {
  var original = this,
      interceptor = ko.computed({
        read: original,
        write: function(newValue) {
            var parsed = parseInt(newValue, 10);
            //if value is bad or negative, then use default
            if (isNaN(parsed) || parsed < 0) {

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Update MySQL DATETIME field and increase value with DATE_ADD

You can update a MySQL DATETIME field in Laravel with Eloquent like so:

DB::table('users')
    ->where('id', $user_id)
    ->update(array('valid_until' => DB::raw('DATE_ADD(valid_until, INTERVAL 1 MONTH)')));

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Send mails in Laravel 4 and configure "From" for multiple domains

In app/config/mail.php set the line with "from" to the following:

    'from' => array('address' => 'info@' . str_replace('www.', '', Request::getHost()), 'name' => 'Yourname'),

Use Request::getHost() for the whole domain (includes www if applicable). Request::getHttpHost() also includes the port number, Request::root() includes the protocol as well.

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/**
 * Loosely based on tracking.js for Google Analytics by Jesse Freeman: https://gist.github.com/jessefreeman/7531064
 * How to Use:
 *  - Copy to your lib/plugins folder, require in main.js
 * 
 *  - in main.js init():
 *       this.tracking = new PiwikTracking();
 *       ig.game.tracking = this.tracking;
 * 
 *  - install Piwik tracking code in your index.html like you normally do