https://github.com/golang/go/issues/52141

Dockerfile

FROM buildpack-deps:bullseye-scm

RUN apt update \
    && apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
        g++ \
        gcc \
        libc6-dev \
        make \
        wget \
    && ldd --version

RUN v=1.18; \
    t=go$v.linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
    wget -q https://go.dev/dl/$t -O $t \
    && tar -xf $t

ADD foo.c .
RUN gcc -fPIC -c foo.c \
    && gcc -shared -o foo.so -pthread foo.o

ADD . .
RUN go/bin/go run .

Dockerfile.1.17

FROM buildpack-deps:bullseye-scm

RUN apt update \
    && apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
        g++ \
        gcc \
        libc6-dev \
        make \
        wget \
    && ldd --version

RUN v=1.17.8; \
    t=go$v.linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
    wget -q https://go.dev/dl/$t -O $t \
    && tar -xf $t

ADD foo.c .
RUN gcc -fPIC -c foo.c \
    && gcc -shared -o foo.so -pthread foo.o

ADD . .
RUN go/bin/go run .

Dockerfile.fedora35

FROM fedora:35

RUN dnf install -y \
        g++ \
        gcc \
        glibc-static \
        make \
        wget \
    && ldd --version

RUN v=1.18; \
    t=go$v.linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
    wget -q https://go.dev/dl/$t -O $t \
    && tar -xf $t

ADD foo.c .
RUN gcc -fPIC -c foo.c \
    && gcc -shared -o foo.so -pthread foo.o

ADD . .
RUN go/bin/go run .

Dockerfile.pthreadgcc

FROM buildpack-deps:bullseye-scm

RUN apt update \
    && apt install -y --no-install-recommends \
        g++ \
        gcc \
        libc6-dev \
        make \
        wget \
    && ldd --version

RUN v=1.18; \
    t=go$v.linux-amd64.tar.gz; \
    wget -q https://go.dev/dl/$t -O $t \
    && tar -xf $t

ADD foo.c .
RUN gcc -fPIC -c -pthread foo.c \
    && gcc -shared -o foo.so -pthread foo.o

ADD . .
RUN go/bin/go run .

foo.c

#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

pthread_mutex_t *lock_new(void)
{
    pthread_mutex_t *lock = malloc(sizeof(pthread_mutex_t));
    pthread_mutex_lock(lock);
    return lock;
}

go.mod

module example

go 1.18

main.go

package main

/*
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#cgo LDFLAGS: -ldl -static
*/
import "C"
import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Println("Step 1")
	if C.dlopen(C.CString("./foo.so"), C.RTLD_NOW) == nil {
		panic("library not found")
	}
	fmt.Println("Step 2")
	C.setgid(0)
	fmt.Println("Step 3")
}