Simple server program steps

Server.md

Server

1. Create a new Socket and get its file descriptor.

   • Domain: Protocol family to be used (AF_INET)
   • Type: Communication strategy (SOCK_STREAM)
   • Protocol: The protocol to be used in the family with the socket type (0)

2. Set the options for the socket.

   • Level: The level of the options to be set. Use SOL_SOCKET for socket level options
   • Option_name: The name for the option to be passed to the protocol. Options like SO_REUSEADDR shall override checks previous occupation of the same port
   • Option_value: Set the value of the option to the value pointed

3. Use the sockaddr_in struct to get and store the details of the connection.

   • sin_family: Address family (AF_INET)
   • sin_port: The port to use in 16-bit Network Byte Order (use htons)
   • sin_addr: The IP address in 32-bit Network Byte Order (use INADDR_ANY to connect to any network interface or INADDR_LOOPBACK to connect to 127.0.0.1)
   • sin_zero: Set it to 0

4. Bind the socket to the IP:port.

   • Address: The interface IP address to bind
   • Port: The port to bind to

5. Listen to the Socket.

   • Backlog: The maximum length, to which the queue of pending connections not established yet, may grow (1 - 128 (system dependent))

   The Server has been established! and it is listening to incoming requests Now, in an infinite loop,

6. Accept the first new incoming connection request and create a new socket with the new descriptor referring to it.

   • Address: Details of the connection stored above

7. As the connection is established, read the data from the file descriptor. Convert the received bytes data to String if required.

   • Count: Read the next count bytes from the file descriptors
   • Buffer: Store them is a buffer to process it
   • Flags: Additional details for reading

8. Send a message to the client in bytes.

   • Socket: The new connection file descriptor to send the bytes to
   • Message: The message to be sent in bytes

9. Close the new file descriptor to close the connection.

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