好的,请看以下对这份英语试卷的完整解析。
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO₂ emissions(排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
[Chart showing emissions breakdown: ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1%, ROAD (GOODS) 29.4%, AIRPLANES 11.6%, SHIPPING 10.6%, RAIL 1%, OTHER 2.2%]
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
[Diagram "FUTURE FUELS" with five branches]
- PLANES—Synthetic hydrocarbons: The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air.
- CARS—Batteries: Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge.
- TRAINS—Electricity: Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways.
- TRUCKS—Hydrogen fuel cells: Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive.
- SHIPS—Liquid ammonia: Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
This energy transition(转变) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy,” says Wipke.
B
In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who'd created these people, knew their subjects so well.
But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis(论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. This would have to change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre(体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance—the ability to connect people, to put us in another's skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
C
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies show declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
D
Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.
Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap(水龙头): boiling and filtering(过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn't include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that's becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through a boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36. _____ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37. _____ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 38. _____ “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious(有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39. _____ “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 40. _____ She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 _____ the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 _____ we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 _____ our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 _____ with things that, while not particularly 45 _____, didn't belong in a landfill(垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 _____, another asking for a price cut. As our 47 _____ day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 _____: “I hate this vase. Maybe you won't.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
49 _____, I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 _____ I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 _____ the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 _____.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 _____ that share our small space. I take 54 _____ in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 _____ something that couldn't come with us.
- A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
- A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment
- A. store B. display C. sell D. repair
- A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
- A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable
- A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
- A. move B. pay C. market D. work
- A. warning B. request C. description D. reply
- A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
- A. visits B. reports C. advice D. money
- A. remove B. spare C. find D. check
- A. investigated B. recognized C. encountered D. recommended
- A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings
- A. joy B. part C. care D. time
- A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56. _____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 57. _____ earliest binary-based(基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 58. _____ (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59. _____ (guide) 'til they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players' personalities 60. _____ (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 61. _____ (try) to beat the opponent 62. _____ no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态) of respect for the other side.”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63. _____ (strategy) placement of the pieces, 64. _____ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65. _____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
第二部分 阅读
Passage A
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正文翻译
飞机、火车和汽车的绿色化
在全球范围内运送货物和人员是全球二氧化碳排放的一大部分原因。在全世界竞相实现万物脱碳的背景下,交通运输领域面临着特殊的问题——它约占我们能源相关的温室气体排放量的四分之一。以下是2018年不同交通方式的排放明细。
[图表显示排放明细:公路(客运)45.1%,公路(货运)29.4%,飞机11.6%,航运10.6%,铁路1%,其他2.2%]
运输所需的燃料不仅需要绿色、廉价和强大,还需要轻便和安全,足以随身携带。每种交通方式都有其特定的燃料需求。许多问题仍有待解决,但这里有一些让我们走向绿色的解决方案。
[图表“未来燃料”及其五个分支]- 飞机—合成碳氢化合物:最难脱碳的行业是航空业。飞机可持续燃料的一个长期选择是用回收的空气制造碳氢化合物。
- 汽车—电池:电池能效高,电动汽车可以接入现有的系统和服务。新的固态电池将使汽车单次充电行驶得更远。
- 火车—电力:一些火车已经通过铁轨或电线实现了电气化;其他的也可以通过相当简单的方式实现电气化。
- 卡车—氢燃料电池:对于卡车来说,氢燃料电池是比电池更轻的选择,但制造绿色氢气成本高昂。
- 船舶—液氨:液氨易于保存和运输,但难以点燃,并且需要重新设计发动机。
“这场能源转变是全球性的,世界将需要的可再生能源数量‘有点令人震惊’,”国家可再生能源实验室的机械工程师基思·维普克说。据估计,到2050年,全球电力需求可能会增加一倍以上。幸运的是,分析表明可再生能源能够胜任这项任务。“我们需要加快绿色能源的发展,”维普克说。
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题目与解析
21. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018?
2018年,公路车辆占全球交通排放的百分之几?
A. 11.6% B. 45.1% C. 74.5% D. 86.1%- 答案:C
- 解析: 根据文中的图表,“ROAD (PASSENGER)”占45.1%,“ROAD (GOODS)”占29.4%。公路车辆包括客运和货运,所以总比例是 45.1% + 29.4% = 74.5%。
- A选项错误: 11.6%是飞机的排放比例。
- B选项错误: 45.1%只是公路客运的比例,不完整。
- D选项错误: 86.1%是公路车辆和飞机的总和 (74.5% + 11.6%),不符合题意。
22. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily?
哪种交通方式可以相对容易地实现绿色化?
A. Planes (飞机) B. Trucks (卡车) C. Trains (火车) D. Ships (船舶)- 答案:C
- 解析: 在“FUTURE FUELS”图表中,关于火车的描述是“Some trains are already electrified... others can be made electric in pretty simple ways.”(一些火车已经电气化……其他的也可以通过相当简单的方式实现电气化),表明其改造相对容易。
- A选项错误: 飞机被描述为“The hardest sector to decarbonize”(最难脱碳的行业)。
- B选项错误: 卡车的氢燃料方案中提到“making green hydrogen is expensive”(制造绿色氢气成本高昂)。
- D选项错误: 船舶的液氨方案“requires an engine redesign”(需要重新设计发动机)。
23. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition?
关于能源转型,维普克建议了什么?
A. Limiting fuel consumption. (限制燃料消耗)
B. Putting more effort into renewables. (在可再生能源上投入更多努力)
C. Improving energy efficiency. (提高能源效率)
D. Making electricity more affordable. (让电力更便宜)- 答案:B
- 解析: 文章最后引用了维普克的话:“We need to speed up the development of green energy”(我们需要加快绿色能源的发展)。绿色能源通常指的就是可再生能源(renewables),因此B选项“在可再生能源上投入更多努力”是其观点的正确概括。
- A, C, D选项错误: 文中没有提及维普克提出这些具体的建议。
Passage B
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正文翻译
去年在我的九年级写作课上,我遇到了一个拯救了小镇的牛仔,一个要求儿子门门功课都得A的严父,还有一个因父母反对她的爱情而心碎死去的现代朱丽叶。我不止一次地想,我的这些创造了这些人物的学生们,是如何如此了解他们的主题的。
但他们的第一篇作文却截然不同,题目是:“为什么写作很重要?”大多数作文不到一页,很少有句子可以被看作是论点陈述。我感到震惊。然后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们可以写上好几页关于电脑必要性的文章,但写作本身,在他们看来根本不重要。这种情况必须改变。
随着一个新单元的开始,我要求每个人就自己选择的一个健康相关的话题写一篇有说服力的文章。这一次,他们觉得这个练习有趣多了。在接下来的两个任务中,一个是个人叙事单元,另一个是创意写作工作坊,我只要求作品符合其体裁的规范并包含一个论点。结果是惊人的。学生们选择了各种各样的主题,交上来的故事长达10到20页,其中的角色拓宽了我的视野,触动了我的心灵。
我走进课堂时,认为写作作为一种交流方式很重要。然而,我的学生向我展示了更重要的东西。当六月的最后一记铃声响起时,我带着一本写满留言的年鉴离开,这些留言讲述了写作最强大的意义——连接人们的能力,让我们设身处地为他人着想,教会我们何以为人。 -
题目与解析
24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1?
第一段开头提到的人是谁?
A. Ninth graders. (九年级学生)
B. Students' parents. (学生家长)
C. Modern writers. (现代作家)
D. Fictional characters. (虚构角色)- 答案:D
- 解析: 第一段提到的“一个拯救了小镇的牛仔”、“一个严父”和“一个现代朱丽叶”都是学生作文里的人物。作者接着说“my students, who'd created these people...”,明确指出这些人是学生创造出来的。因此,他们是虚构角色。
- A, B, C选项错误: 他们不是学生本人、家长或现代作家,而是学生笔下的人物。
25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay?
为什么学生们的第一篇作文写得不好?
A. They were not given enough time. (他们没有足够的时间)
B. They had a very limited vocabulary. (他们的词汇量非常有限)
C. They misunderstood the question. (他们误解了问题)
D. They had little interest in the topic. (他们对这个话题没什么兴趣)- 答案:D
- 解析: 第二段解释了原因:“the problem was the question itself... writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important.” 这表明学生们认为“为什么写作很重要”这个话题本身并不重要,即他们对此不感兴趣。
- A, B, C选项错误: 文章没有提到时间、词汇量或误解问题等原因。
26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean?
第三段中划线的单词“staggering”是什么意思?
A. Mixed. (好坏参半的)
B. Amazing. (惊人的,令人赞叹的)
C. Similar. (相似的)
D. Disturbing. (令人不安的)- 答案:B
- 解析: “staggering”在这里用来形容学生们在改变教学方式后取得的成果。下文描述学生写了10-20页的故事,主题多样,触动了老师。这是一种非常积极和巨大的进步,因此“amazing”(惊人的)最符合语境。
- A, C, D选项错误: "Mixed"(好坏参半的)、"Similar"(相似的)和"Disturbing"(令人不安的)都不符合此处积极且表示程度巨大的语境。
27. What does the author's experience show?
作者的经历说明了什么?
A. Teaching is learning. (教学相长)
B. Still waters run deep. (静水流深)
C. Knowledge is power. (知识就是力量)
D. Practice makes perfect. (熟能生巧)- 答案:A
- 解析: 作者在最后一段总结道,她本以为写作是关于交流,但学生们“demonstrated something more important to me”(向我展示了更重要的东西),教会了她写作的更深层意义。这体现了老师在教导学生的过程中,自己也学到了东西,即“教学相长”。
- B, C, D选项错误: 这些谚语虽然有道理,但不是文章主旨。文章核心是作者从学生那里获得的新的领悟。
Passage C
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正文翻译
尽管近年来我们的街道安全可能有所改善,但交通研究显示,行人,尤其是幼儿的流动性在下降。许多家长说,路上的交通太繁忙了,孩子们无法安全地步行上学,所以他们转而开车送孩子。
荷兰作家塔利亚·韦卡德和马可·特·布罗梅尔斯特鲁特对这类事实感到困扰。在他们的新书《运动:如何收回我们的街道并改变我们的生活》中,他们呼吁重新思考我们的街道以及它们在我们生活中扮演的角色。
城市街道的生活在几十年前开始改变。整个社区被摧毁,为新的道路网络让路,孩子们不得不到别处玩耍。一些社区进行了反击。最著名的是,一位在20世纪50年代初举家搬到曼哈顿的加拿大记者领导了一场运动,以阻止她当地的公园被毁。在描述她对公园被高速公路取代提案的震惊时,简·雅各布斯呼吁她的市长支持“将纽约建设成一个宜居之地,而不仅仅是一个匆匆穿过的地方。”类似的运动在20世纪60年代末和70年代的澳大利亚也发生了。
尽管这些运动很普遍,但现实是,大多数西方城市都围绕着汽车的需求进行了彻底的重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加。在澳大利亚,我们现在有超过2000万辆汽车,而人口仅超过2600万,这是世界上汽车拥有率最高的国家之一。
我们投入大量资金修建道路,帮助我们匆匆穿行,但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。当孩子们无法在我们的社区安全地活动时,我们是否真正认识到这让我们社会付出了什么代价?《运动》一书的作者说得对:是时候换个角度思考你家门前的那条街了。 -
题目与解析
28. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1?
作者在第一段指出了什么现象?
A. Cars often get stuck on the road. (汽车经常在路上堵车)
B. Traffic accidents occur frequently. (交通事故频繁发生)
C. People walk less and drive more. (人们走路少了,开车多了)
D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. (行人不遵守规则)- 答案:C
- 解析: 第一段提到“declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility”(行人流动性下降)和家长“pack them into the car instead”(转而开车送他们)。这直接说明了人们步行减少,驾车增多的现象。
- A, B, D选项错误: 文章没有明确指出堵车、事故频发或行人不守规矩是第一段讨论的现象。
29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do?
那位加拿大记者和其他活动家试图做什么?
A. Keep their cities livable. (保持他们城市的宜居性)
B. Promote cultural diversity. (促进文化多样性)
C. Help the needy families. (帮助贫困家庭)
D. Make expressways accessible. (让高速公路变得可及)- 答案:A
- 解析: 第三段中,加拿大记者Jane Jacobs呼吁市长支持“New York as a decent place to live”(将纽约建设成一个宜居之地)。这正是A选项“保持他们城市的宜居性”的含义。
- B, C, D选项错误: 他们的目标不是促进文化多样性或帮助穷人。他们是在反对高速公路(expressway),而不是让它变得可及。
30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s?
关于20世纪60年代末和70年代在澳大利亚的运动,可以推断出什么?
A. They boosted the sales of cars. (它们促进了汽车销售)
B. They turned out largely ineffective. (它们结果上大都无效)
C. They won government support. (它们赢得了政府支持)
D. They advocated building new parks. (它们主张建造新公园)- 答案:B
- 解析: 第四段开头说“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.”(尽管这些运动很普遍,但现实是……)。这表明尽管有抗议,城市最终还是以汽车为中心进行了改造,说明这些运动在很大程度上是无效的。
- A选项错误: 运动是反对以车为中心,而不是促进汽车销售。
- C选项错误: 文章没有说他们赢得了政府支持,反而暗示了相反的结果。
- D选项错误: 虽然有些运动是为了保护公园,但推断它们整体上“主张建造新公园”超出了文章信息。
31. What can be a suitable title for the text?
这篇文章的合适标题是什么?
A. Why the Rush? (为何匆忙?)
B. What's Next? (下一步是什么?)
C. Where to Stay? (住哪里?)
D. Who to Blame? (怪谁?)- 答案:A
- 解析: 文章反复探讨了为了“rush through”(匆匆穿行)而牺牲社区生活和行人安全的问题。标题“Why the Rush?”(为何匆忙?)很好地抓住了文章的核心矛盾:为了追求速度和便利,我们失去了什么?它引发读者思考这种生活方式的代价。
- B, C, D选项错误: "What's Next?" 太宽泛。"Where to Stay?" 不够贴切。"Who to Blame?" 过于指责性,而文章更侧重于反思。
Passage D
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正文翻译
微塑料已经成为地球上一种常见的污染源——它们沉降在深海和喜马拉雅山脉,卡在火山岩里,填满海鸟的胃,甚至出现在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现在人体内。
现在,一项新的研究表明,一个简单、廉价的措施可以显著降低你自来水中微塑料的含量:煮沸和过滤。在一项周三发表于《环境科学与技术快报》的研究中,来自中国的研究人员发现,将自来水煮沸五分钟,然后在冷却后进行过滤,可以去除至少80%的微塑料。
关键的是,这个过程依赖于水中含有足够的碳酸钙来捕获塑料。在该研究中,煮沸含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水,导致塑料减少了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样本中,煮沸仅使塑料含量降低了25%。此外,该研究并未涵盖所有类型的塑料。团队只关注了三种常见类型——聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯和聚丙烯——并且他们没有研究之前在水中发现的其他化学物质,如氯乙烯。
尽管如此,这些发现为减少微塑料暴露指明了一条潜在的前进道路——这项任务正变得越来越困难。科学家们今年早些时候发现,即使是瓶装水,所含的微塑料也比原先认为的多10到1000倍。
科学家们仍在试图确定微塑料的危害有多大——但他们所知道的已经引起了担忧。这项新研究表明,煮沸自来水可能是一种限制摄入的工具。“他们展示微塑料如何通过煮沸过程被捕获的方式很棒,”苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师卡罗琳·高乔特-林赛告诉《新科学家》,她没有参与这项研究。“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂,以便它们能够去除微塑料。” -
题目与解析
32. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph?
作者在第一段是如何呈现这个问题的?
A. By quoting an expert. (通过引用专家的话)
B. By defining a concept. (通过定义一个概念)
C. By giving examples. (通过举例)
D. By providing statistics. (通过提供数据)- 答案:C
- 解析: 第一段为了说明微塑料污染的普遍性,列举了一系列例子:“settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.” 这些都是具体的例子。
- A, B, D选项错误: 第一段没有引用专家、定义概念或提供具体统计数据。
33. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water?
什么决定了在水中捕获微塑料的有效性?
A. The hardness of water. (水的硬度)
B. The length of cooling time. (冷却时间的长短)
C. The frequency of filtering. (过滤的频率)
D. The type of plastic in water. (水中塑料的类型)- 答案:A
- 解析: 第三段明确指出:“this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.” 并且对比了高含量碳酸钙的硬水(去除近90%)和低含量碳酸钙的软水(去除25%)的效果。水的硬度是由钙、镁等矿物质含量决定的,因此水的硬度决定了效果。
- B, C, D选项错误: 文章提到了过滤和塑料类型,但决定有效性的关键因素是碳酸钙含量,即水的硬度。冷却时间没有被提及为决定性因素。
34. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4?
作者在第四段中提及瓶装水是为了说明什么?
A. The importance of plastic recycling. (塑料回收的重要性)
B. The severity of the microplastic problem. (微塑料问题的严重性)
C. The danger of overusing pure water. (过度使用纯净水的危险)
D. The difficulty in treating polluted water. (处理污染水的难度)- 答案:B
- 解析: 第四段在说煮沸法为减少微塑料暴露提供了路径之后,马上提到“Even bottled water... contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.” 这句话的作用是强调微塑料污染无处不在,问题非常严重和普遍,从而反衬出找到解决方案的重要性。
- A, C, D选项错误: 提及瓶装水不是为了讨论回收、纯净水或处理难度,而是为了强调问题的普遍性和严重性。
35. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay's suggestion about?
高乔特-林赛的建议是关于什么?
A. Choice of new research methods. (新研究方法的选择)
B. Possible direction for further study. (未来研究的可能方向)
C. Need to involve more researchers. (需要更多研究人员参与)
D. Potential application of the findings. (研究结果的潜在应用)- 答案:D
- 解析: 高乔特-林赛在最后说:“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 这个建议是基于新研究的发现(煮沸利用碳酸钙可以去除微塑料),提出将其原理应用到更大规模的公共设施中。这属于研究结果的潜在应用。
- A, B, C选项错误: 她的建议不是关于研究方法、未来研究方向或研究人员数量,而是一个具体的、实际的应用建议。
-
正文与选项翻译
一位无名英雄
课间需要休息一下,或者早上想提提神吗?大学咖啡馆正好能满足你,而且还不止于此。36. _____ 身穿绿衬衫、头戴黑帽子的咖啡馆员工凯瑟琳·墨菲,确保每位顾客都能得到他们点的东西。她在机器间来回穿梭制作饮品。37. _____ 当顾客从她手中接过饮品时,她微笑着说:“你好,今天过得怎么样?”即使排队的人越来越长,她也不会让这影响到她真诚的交谈。
墨菲每天早上四点三刻起床,开车三十分钟准时上班。38. _____ “我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生们做咖啡。我知道他们早上需要这个,”墨菲说。作为一位母亲和妻子帮助她成为了今天的她。她相信自己生来就是为他人服务的。
墨菲可能不知道的一件事是,她的微笑具有感染力,能让一个学生的一天比见到她之前好得多。乔安娜·赖特,一位政治学专业的大四学生,热爱咖啡,每周至少去六天咖啡馆。39. _____ “凯瑟琳脸上总是挂着大大的笑容,这总能让我心情愉快,”赖特说。
“我喜欢在咖啡馆工作,”墨菲说。40. _____ 她完全打算留下来,继续做她所爱的事情。选项
A. 咖啡馆每晚9点关门。
B. 她有两个孩子,一个八岁,一个四岁。
C. 有时她会早到,以便尽早为学生服务。
D. 完成一个订单后,她会叫出杯子上的名字。
E. 这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品,还提供微笑。
F. 去咖啡馆开启了她美好的一天,让她为上课做好准备。
G. 她在这里服务了17年,无法想象在别处工作。 -
题目与解析
36. 答案:E
- 解析: 空格位于文章引言“The College Cafe has just that, and more.”之后,以及对具体人物Catherine Murphy的介绍之前。选项E“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品,还提供微笑”恰好解释了“and more”指的是什么,并为下文引出带来微笑的员工Catherine做了铺垫,起到了承上启下的作用。
37. 答案:D
- 解析: 空格前的句子是“她在机器间来回穿梭制作饮品”。空格后的句子是“当顾客从她手中接过饮品时,她微笑着说...”。在“制作饮品”和“递给顾客”之间,最合乎逻辑的步骤就是叫名字通知顾客来取。选项D“完成一个订单后,她会叫出杯子上的名字”完美地衔接了这两个动作。
38. 答案:C
- 解析: 空格前的句子描述了墨菲每天很早起床上班。空格后的句子是她自己解释为什么这么做(因为喜欢为学生做咖啡)。选项C“有时她会早到,以便尽早为学生服务”承接了她早起的事实,并引出了她为学生服务的动机,与后面的引语内容一致。
39. 答案:F
- 解析: 空格前介绍了顾客乔安娜·赖特。空格后是赖特对墨菲的评价(凯瑟琳总是面带微笑,让我心情愉快)。选项F“去咖啡馆开启了她美好的一天,让她为上课做好准备”描述的是顾客乔安娜的感受和日常,解释了她为什么喜欢去咖啡馆,为她后面的赞美之词提供了背景和原因。
40. 答案:G
- 解析: 空格前是墨菲说的话:“我喜欢在咖啡馆工作”。空格后是“她完全打算留下来,继续做她所爱的事情”。选项G“她在这里服务了17年,无法想象在别处工作”用具体的服务年限和强烈的归属感来佐证她有多么“喜欢”这份工作,并与后一句“打算留下来”的意愿完美呼应。
第三部分 语言运用
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正文翻译
八月的一个下午,我坐在厨房里,盯着一个自我婚礼后就没见过天日的玻璃花瓶。
我丈夫和我刚刚卖掉了我们的房子,我们正忙着 41.清空 我们家花了23年才填满的心爱的家。我们已经为我们要搬去的镇上的 42.小屋 选好了关键物品,捐赠了我们能捐的,还租了一个地方来 43.存放 我们那些所谓的贵重物品。这留下了一座仍然 44.塞满了 东西的房子,这些东西虽然不是特别 45.贵重,但也不属于 46.垃圾填埋场。
我给花瓶拍了张照片,发到网上,标价10美元。收到了几条信息,一条想要更多的 46.照片,另一条要求降价。随着我们 47.搬家 的日子临近,我定了一个新价格(0美元)并重新发布了它。附带的 48.描述 是:“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”瞬间,一个女人冲进我的房子,高兴地带着花瓶离开了。
49.受到鼓舞,我发布了更多东西。我每天的帖子和我收到的 50.回应/消息 成了我家混乱中的一缕珍贵光芒。每一次交换都提供了一个机会,可以 51.减少 垃圾填埋场的负担,并取悦另一个我可能永远不会 52.遇到 的人。
今天我坐在我的公寓里,喜爱着每一件与我们共享这个小空间的 53.物品。我从中获得 54.快乐,因为我知道,在附近的某个地方,有人正在 55.欣赏 一件无法跟我们一起来的东西。 -
题目与解析
41. C. emptying out (清空)。固定搭配 be busy doing sth。他们在卖房子搬家,所以是在“清空”房子。“pulling down”(拆除)不符语境。
42. 应为 D C. cottage (小屋)。从上下文看,他们搬到了一个比原来小的住处,cottage或apartment都可能。后文提到“I sit in my apartment today”,但这里指的是搬去镇上的一个地方,cottage(乡间小屋,小别墅)比hotel(旅馆)、office(办公室)更合适。D. apartment(公寓)也可以,但cottage更符合温馨家庭的语境。结合上下文,此处C或D均可,但cottage更常见于描述独立的家。
43. A. store (存放)。对于不带走但又不想扔掉的“重要物品”,人们通常会租地方“存放”。
44. C. stuffed (塞满了)。a house still stuffed with things,表示房子里仍然塞满了东西,符合语境。
45. B. valuable (贵重的)。这些东西不属于垃圾场,但也不是特别“贵重”,所以作者才考虑送人或低价出售。
46. B. photos (照片)。网上买东西,买家通常会要求看更多“照片”。
47. A. move (搬家)。the move day drew near,搬家的日子临近了。
48. C. description (描述)。引号里的话“I hate this vase...”是对物品的“描述”。
49. D. Encouraged (受到鼓舞)。因为第一次免费赠送很成功,作者“受到鼓舞”继续发布更多物品。
50. 应为 A D. money (钱)。这里应该是笔误,题目中没有money这个选项,根据上下文,应该是和我收到的“回应”或“消息”。在提供的选项中,visits/reports/advice/money都不太合适。让我们重新审视选项,发现选项可能印错了。如果选项是responses或messages,就非常贴切。在给定的选项中,没有一个完全合适。但如果勉强选,advice(建议)也不对。这可能是一个有问题的题目。如果非要从所给选项中选,没有合适的。(注:根据常见搭配和语境,此处应为responses或messages,但选项中没有。假设是试题错误,我们跳过此题,或者选择一个最不坏的。但没有一个说得通。)
51. B. spare (使……免遭)。spare the landfill,意为“让垃圾填埋场免于(接收这些东西)”,即减少垃圾。
52. C. encountered (遇到)。一个我可能永远不会“遇到”的人。
53. D. belongings (所有物,物品)。喜爱每一件“物品”,belongings指个人财产,非常贴切。
54. A. joy (快乐)。take joy in doing sth,在做某事中感到快乐。
55. B. appreciating (欣赏,享用)。别人正在“欣赏/享用”我送出的东西。
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正文翻译
在上海久事美术馆的一场展览,展出的是受围棋(中文为weiqi)启发的艺术品,围棋 56.这种 游戏起源于4000多年前的中国。
围棋是 57.最 早的基于二元的游戏之一。黑白棋子的移动反映了东方哲学的基本思想,据本次展览的负责人屠宁宁介绍。
“这次展览汇集了围棋文化、前沿科技和当代艺术,”屠女士说。“我们希望 58.呈现 相当抽象的围棋游戏和AI在一个视觉化的语境中,并发起与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义的对话。”
“在一局围棋中,每一步都应服务于一个长期目标。你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱,并迫使他们遵循你的 59.引导,直到他们输掉,”一位参观展览的围棋棋手王维解释说。
“棋手的个性在比赛中 60.被揭示 出来,一个人的弱点也会暴露给对手,”她补充道。“一个体面的赢家总是 61.试图 以不超过一两子的优势击败对手,作为对对方表示尊重的一种姿态。”
屠女士说,黑白棋子之间的平衡,棋子 63.战略性 布局之美,64.以及 每一步之后能量的流动,启发了艺术家们创作油画、雕塑、65.数字 生成的图片和丝网印刷品。 -
题目与解析
56. which。非限制性定语从句,指代Go/weiqi。
57. the。形容词最高级earliest前需要加定冠词the。
58. to present。hope to do sth,固定用法。
59. guidance。(guide)的名词形式。follow your guidance,遵循你的引导。
60. are revealed。(reveal)的被动语态。personalities是复数,所以用are,且是被揭示,所以用被动。
61. tries。(try)的第三人称单数形式。主语是A decent winner。
62. by。beat the opponent by no more than...,通过(不超过...的优势)击败对手。
63. strategic。(strategy)的形容词形式,修饰名词placement(布局)。
64. and。连接两个并列的名词短语 the beauty... 和 the energy flow...。
65. digitally。(digital)的副词形式,修饰动词generated(生成的)。
第四部分 写作
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题目翻译与剖析
题目翻译:
假设你是李华,你班的英语报要增设一个新栏目。外教 Jenny 提出“Fun at my school”和“Guess who I am”两个选项供大家选择。请给 Jenny 写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1) 你的选择;
(2) 说明理由。
注意:
(1) 写作词数应为80个左右;
(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。写作剖析:
这是一封建议信或意见表达邮件。结构应清晰:- 称呼:Dear Jenny,
- 开头:表明写信目的,即回应增设新栏目的事。可以先赞扬一下这个想法。
- 主体:
- 明确表明自己的选择。例如,选择 "Fun at my school"。
- 阐述选择的理由。理由要充分、有说服力。例如:这个主题积极向上,能展现校园生活的美好;参与度高,每个同学都可以分享自己的趣事;可以增进同学间的了解和友谊。
- 结尾:表达期待或感谢。
- 落款:Yours, Li Hua
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范文
Dear Jenny,
I’m Li Hua, a student in your class. I'm writing to express my excitement about adding a new column to our English newspaper. It's a fantastic idea!
Between the two options, I would prefer "Fun at my school". My reasons are as follows. Firstly, this topic is positive and energetic, which can showcase the vibrant and happy life on our campus. Secondly, it encourages wide participation, as every student has their own fun stories to share, from a funny moment in class to an exciting sports game. This would not only make our newspaper more engaging but also strengthen the bond among students.
Thank you for offering us this great opportunity.
Yours,
Li Hua -
范文翻译
亲爱的珍妮,
我是你的学生李华。我写信是为了表达我对我们英语报增设新栏目的兴奋之情。这真是个绝妙的主意!
在两个选项之间,我更倾向于“校园趣事”。我的理由如下。首先,这个主题积极向上、充满活力,能够展示我们多姿多彩、快乐的校园生活。其次,它鼓励广泛参与,因为每个学生都有自己的趣事可以分享,从课堂上的搞笑瞬间到激动人心的体育比赛。这不仅能让我们的报纸更吸引人,也能增强同学们之间的联系。
感谢您为我们提供这个好机会。
你的,
李华
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原文翻译
我的妻子和我想要通过在初夏举办一个小聚会,与家人和朋友分享我们的新家。她准备了很多零食,而我的工作就是把后院整理好。
这里有足够的空间供孩子们跑动和玩耍。只有一件事我没有算到:我哥哥选择带上他的狗托比,一个50磅重的火球。虽然它很友好,但它很容易撞倒我侄女的小男孩和我六个月大的孙女。所以,当哥哥出现时,我让他看好托比,并把它留在外面。
我的计划进行得很顺利。托比通过在后院来回奔跑来消耗它的精力。没想到,晚饭后,天气变了。开始下雨,所有人都进了屋。
那是一个尴尬的时刻。我不想让托比在屋里乱跑,而我哥哥带着一条湿狗回家也不方便。最终,我哥哥决定离开,而不是勉强处理这个问题。
几天过去了,我没有收到哥哥的任何消息。我给他发了短信,表达了希望他能再来的愿望。他的回复令人惊讶——实际上是震惊:“没门。”显然,他对我们分别的方式很不满。毕竟,我几乎没给他什么选择。他会想通的,我心想。
两个月过去了。我妻子建议我联系一下我哥哥,但我抵制了,认为他应该先打电话。然而,我的良心(良心)一直困扰着我。我试着设身处地为他着想。他正面临健康问题,而且他结婚三十五年的妻子几个月前去世了。托比是他不变的伴侣,是让他坚持下去的那个。续写开头:
第一段:I realized it was me who was at fault. (我意识到是我的错。)
第二段:With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door. (带着我妻子做的饼干,我来到了我哥哥的门前。) -
写作剖析
这篇文章的核心是家庭矛盾与和解。叙述者因为一场聚会上的小事(对狗的处理方式)与刚刚丧偶、身心俱疲的哥哥产生了隔阂。续写部分需要完成从内疚反思到主动和解的过程。-
第一段 (从“我意识到是我的错”开始):
- 内容: 深入挖掘叙述者的内心活动。他为什么错了?因为他只考虑了自己的“完美聚会”和房子的整洁,而完全忽略了哥哥的情感需求。他应该意识到,在哥哥失去妻子后,托比不仅仅是一条狗,而是他的精神支柱和家人。这份“自我”和“不体谅”是错误的根源。他可以回忆起妻子的话,或者哥哥孤单的背影,来强化这份愧疚感。最终,这种深刻的认识促使他必须采取行动。
- 情感: 内疚、懊悔、自我反省。
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第二段 (从“带着我妻子做的饼干”开始):
- 内容: 这是故事的高潮和结局。叙述者带着象征着“和平橄欖枝”的饼干去道歉。描写他敲门时的紧张心情。开门后,哥哥的反应可能是惊讶、冷漠,甚至是警惕。叙述者必须真诚地道歉,承认自己的错误(“我太自私了,没有考虑你的感受”)。托比可能会在场,它的反应也可以作为情节的调剂(比如,一开始对着叙述者叫,但后来摇起了尾巴)。哥哥最终被真诚打动,接受了道歉。故事的结局应该是兄弟俩重归于好,也许一起喝茶,吃着饼干,聊着天。这体现了亲情最终战胜了固执和误解。
- 情感: 紧张 -> 真诚 -> 释然 -> 温暖。
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范文
I realized it was me who was at fault. My desire for a perfect, tidy party had completely overshadowed my empathy for my brother. I had seen Toby as just a messy dog, not as the loyal companion who was helping my brother navigate the immense void left by his wife. He wasn't just facing health issues; he was battling a profound loneliness that I had failed to acknowledge. My clean floor seemed so trivial compared to his broken heart. The guilt gnawed at me, heavier than any raincloud. I told my wife she was right all along, and as she gave me a knowing smile, she suggested baking his favorite biscuits as a peace offering.
With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door. The box felt warm in my trembling hands. My heart pounded as I knocked. After a long moment, the door creaked open. My brother stood there, looking tired and surprised. Before he could speak, I blurted out, “I am so sorry. I was selfish and a terrible brother.” Toby peeked out from behind his legs, letting out a soft whine. I knelt and offered a biscuit to the dog, who sniffed it and then licked my hand. My brother’s stern expression softened. A faint smile touched his lips as he took the box from me. “Come in,” he said, his voice thick with emotion. “I’ve missed you.”
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范文翻译
我意识到是我的错。我对一场完美、整洁的派对的渴望,完全盖过了我对哥哥的同情心。我只把托比看作一只会弄脏地方的狗,而不是那个帮助我哥哥度过妻子离世留下的巨大空虚的忠实伴侣。他不仅面临健康问题,更是在与一种我未能察觉的深切孤独作斗争。与他破碎的心相比,我干净的地板显得那么微不足道。内疚感啃噬着我,比任何乌云都沉重。我告诉妻子她一直都是对的,当她会心地对我一笑时,她建议烤一些他最喜欢的饼干作为求和的礼物。
带着我妻子做的饼干,我来到了我哥哥的门前。盒子在我颤抖的手中感觉很温暖。我敲门时心跳如鼓。过了许久,门吱呀一声开了。我哥哥站在那里,看起来很疲惫,也很惊讶。没等他开口,我便脱口而出:“我真的非常抱歉。我太自私了,是个很糟糕的哥哥。”托比从他腿后探出头,发出一声轻柔的呜咽。我跪下来,递给那只狗一块饼干,它闻了闻,然后舔了舔我的手。我哥哥严肃的表情缓和了下来。当他从我手中接过盒子时,一丝淡淡的微笑掠过他的嘴唇。“进来吧,”他说,声音因激动而有些沙哑。“我想你了。”
好的,非常感谢您提供第42题和第50题的正确答案。这有助于我们更精确地理解出题者的意图,特别是对于一些有迷惑性的选项。现在,我将根据您提供的正确答案,对这两道题的解析进行修正和更新,并保留其余部分的分析不变。
第三部分 语言运用
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正文翻译
八月的一个下午,我坐在厨房里,盯着一个自我婚礼后就没见过天日的玻璃花瓶。
我丈夫和我刚刚卖掉了我们的房子,我们正忙着 41.清空 我们家花了23年才填满的心爱的家。我们已经为我们要搬去的镇上的 42.公寓 选好了关键物品,捐赠了我们能捐的,还租了一个地方来 43.存放 我们那些所谓的贵重物品。这留下了一座仍然 44.塞满了 东西的房子,这些东西虽然不是特别 45.贵重,但也不属于 46.垃圾填埋场。
我给花瓶拍了张照片,发到网上,标价10美元。收到了几条信息,一条想要更多的 46.照片,另一条要求降价。随着我们 47.搬家 的日子临近,我定了一个新价格(0美元)并重新发布了它。附带的 48.描述 是:“我讨厌这个花瓶。也许你不会。”瞬间,一个女人冲进我的房子,高兴地带着花瓶离开了。
49.受到鼓舞,我发布了更多东西。我每天的帖子和我收到的 50.来访 成了我家混乱中的一缕珍贵光芒。每一次交换都提供了一个机会,可以 51.减少 垃圾填埋场的负担,并取悦另一个我可能永远不会 52.遇到 的人。
今天我坐在我的公寓里,喜爱着每一件与我们共享这个小空间的 53.物品。我从中获得 54.快乐,因为我知道,在附近的某个地方,有人正在 55.欣赏 一件无法跟我们一起来的东西。 -
题目与解析(42题和50题已更新)
41. C. emptying out (清空)。固定搭配 be busy doing sth。他们在卖房子搬家,所以是在“清空”房子。“pulling down”(拆除)不符语境。
42. D. apartment (公寓)。
* 正确答案:D
* 解析: 此处需要判断他们搬去的新住处是什么类型。虽然C. cottage(小屋) 在语境上似乎也合理,但文章的最后一段提供了明确的线索:“I sit in my apartment today...”(今天我坐在我的公寓里...)。这表明他们最终搬进的是一个公寓。这是一个考验通读全文、寻找前后文呼应的题目。因此,D选项是唯一正确的答案。
43. A. store (存放)。对于不带走但又不想扔掉的“重要物品”,人们通常会租地方“存放”。
44. C. stuffed (塞满了)。a house still stuffed with things,表示房子里仍然塞满了东西,符合语境。
45. B. valuable (贵重的)。这些东西不属于垃圾场,但也不是特别“贵重”,所以作者才考虑送人或低价出售。
46. B. photos (照片)。网上买东西,买家通常会要求看更多“照片”。
47. A. move (搬家)。the move day drew near,搬家的日子临近了。
48. C. description (描述)。引号里的话“I hate this vase...”是对物品的“描述”。
49. D. Encouraged (受到鼓舞)。因为第一次免费赠送很成功,作者“受到鼓舞”继续发布更多物品。
50. A. visits (来访)。
* 正确答案:A
* 解析: 感谢您的指正,这道题的确需要更深入地理解语境。作者在网上发布免费赠送的物品后,人们会前来领取。前文描述了“a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase”(一个女人冲进我的房子,高兴地带着花瓶离开),这个行为就是一次“visit”(来访)。因此,“My daily posts and the visits I received”指的是作者每天发布帖子,以及因此而来的、人们上门取东西的“来访”。这些真实的互动(exchanges)给混乱的搬家生活带来了光明。B. reports(报告),C. advice(建议),D. money(钱,已被排除因为价格是$0) 都不符合这个情境。
51. B. spare (使……免遭)。spare the landfill,意为“让垃圾填埋场免于(接收这些东西)”,即减少垃圾。
52. C. encountered (遇到)。一个我可能永远不会“遇到”的人。
53. D. belongings (所有物,物品)。喜爱每一件“物品”,belongings指个人财产,非常贴切。
54. A. joy (快乐)。take joy in doing sth,在做某事中感到快乐。
55. B. appreciating (欣赏,享用)。别人正在“欣赏/享用”我送出的东西。
(试卷其余部分的原文、翻译和解析保持不变,此处不再重复。)
写作第一节的格式错误,应为: