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| msys2 vs msys vs msysgit | |
| MinGW doesn't provide a linux-like environment, that is MSYS(2) and/or Cygwin | |
| Cygwin is an attempt to create a complete UNIX/POSIX environment on Windows. | |
| MinGW is a C/C++ compiler suite which allows you to create Windows executables - you only | |
| need the normal MSVC runtimes, which are part of any normal Microsoft Windows installation. | |
| MinGW provides headers and libraries so that GCC (a compiler suite, | |
| not just a "unix/linux compiler") can be built and used against the Windows C runtime. | |
| MSYS is a fork of Cygwin (msys.dll is a fork of cygwin.dll) | |
| cygwyn gcc + cygwin environment defaults to producing | |
| binaries linked to the (GPL) cygwin dll (or cygwin1.dll???) | |
| mingw + msys defaults to producing binaries linked to the platform C lib. | |
| MinGW: It does not have a Unix emulation layer like Cygwin, but as a | |
| result your application needs to specifically be programmed to be able to run in Windows, | |
| MinGW forked from version 1.3.3 of Cygwin | |
| Unlike Cygwin, MinGW does not require a compatibility layer DLL and thus programs do not need to be distributed with source code. | |
| This means, other than Cygwin, MinGW does not attempt to offer a complete POSIX layer on top of Windows, | |
| but on the other hand it does not require you to link with a special compatibility library. | |
| Cygwin comes with the MingW libaries and headers and you can compile without linking to the cygwin1.dll by | |
| using -mno-cygwin flag with gcc. I greatly prefer this to using plain MingW and MSYS. | |
| ( This does not work any more with cygwin 1.7.6. gcc: The -mno-cygwin flag has been removed; use a mingw-targeted cross-compiler. ) | |
| MSYS is a collection of GNU utilities such as bash, make, gawk and grep to allow building of applications and programs | |
| which depend on traditionally UNIX tools to be present. | |
| It is intended to supplement MinGW and the deficiencies of the cmd shell. | |
| An example would be building a library that uses the autotools build system. Users will typically run "./configure" then "make" to build it. | |
| The configure shell script requires a shell script interpreter which is not present on Windows systems, but provided by MSYS. | |
| A common misunderstanding is MSYS is "UNIX on Windows", MSYS by itself | |
| does not contain a compiler or a C library, therefore does not give the | |
| ability to magically port UNIX programs over to Windows nor does it provide any UNIX specific functionality | |
| like case-sensitive filenames. Users looking for such functionality | |
| should look to Cygwin or Microsoft's Interix instead. | |
| MSYS2 uses Pacman (of Arch Linux) to manage its packages and comes with three different package repositories: | |
| - msys2: Containing MSYS2-dependent software | |
| - mingw64: Containing 64-bit native Windows software (compiled with mingw-w64 x86_64 toolchain) | |
| - mingw32: Containing 32-bit native Windows software (compiled with mingw-w64 i686 toolchain) | |
| Cygwin provides a runtime library called cygwin1.dll that provides the POSIX compatibility layer | |
| where necessary. The MSYS2 variant of this library | |
| is called msys-2.0.dll and includes the following changes to support using native Windows programs: | |
| 1) Automatic path mangling of command line arguments and environment variables to Windows form on the fly. | |
| MSYS is a fork of an old Cygwin version with a number of tweaks | |
| aimed at improved Windows integration, whereby the automatic POSIX path | |
| translation when invoking native Windows programs is arguably the most significant. | |
| ## [May 13, 2020 ALR] | |
| All notes are quotes from the listed websites. | |
| ### https://www.msys2.org/#installation | |
| * At its core, it is an independent rewrite of MSYS, based on modern Cygwin (POSIX compatibility layer) and MinGW-w64 | |
| * It provides | |
| - a bash shell | |
| - Autotools | |
| - revision control systems and the like | |
| * For building native Windows applications using MinGW-w64 toolchains | |
| ### https://www.msys2.org/wiki/How-does-MSYS2-differ-from-Cygwin/ | |
| * Cygwin tries to bring a POSIX-compatible environment to Windows | |
| * Most software that runs on unices will build and run on Cygwin | |
| * Cygwin provides a large collection of packages containing such software, and libraries for their development | |
| * MSYS2 tries to provide an environment for building native Windows software | |
| * MSYS2 provides a large collection of packages containing such software, and libraries for their development | |
| * As a large portion of the software uses GNU build tools which are tightly coupled to the unix world, this environment is also POSIX-compatible, and is in fact based on Cygwin | |
| * MSYS2 provides a minimal shell required to run autotools and other build systems | |
| * The shell and core tools exist mainly to allow porting Unix programs to run natively on Windows (i.e. without requiring a POSIX emulation layer) | |
| * MSYS2 doesn't try to duplicate Cygwin's efforts more than necessary, so the number of provided POSIX-emulated software is very small | |
| ### https://github.com/r-windows/rtools-installer | |
| * Rtools40 uses the msys2 build environment | |
| * The major difference between rtools and the upstream msys2 distribution is that our toolchains and external libraries have been reconfigured for static linking | |
| ### https://stackoverflow.com/a/792142/245022 | |
| * Compile something in Cygwin and you are compiling it for Cygwin | |
| * Compile something in MinGW and you are compiling it for Windows | |
| ### https://stackoverflow.com/a/771782/245022 | |
| * | |
| ## Installation output for MSYS2 | |
| Preparing the installation... | |
| Installing component MSYS2 64bit base... | |
| Extracting "20190524msys64.7z" | |
| Copying skeleton files. | |
| These files are for the users to personalise their msys2 experience. | |
| They will never be overwritten nor automatically updated. | |
| './.bashrc' -> '/home/richad/.bashrc' | |
| './.bash_logout' -> '/home/richad/.bash_logout' | |
| './.bash_profile' -> '/home/richad/.bash_profile' | |
| './.inputrc' -> '/home/richad/.inputrc' | |
| './.profile' -> '/home/richad/.profile' | |
| 'C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\hosts' -> '/etc/hosts' | |
| 'C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\protocol' -> '/etc/protocols' | |
| 'C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\services' -> '/etc/services' | |
| 'C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\networks' -> '/etc/networks' | |
| ==> Updating trust database... | |
| ==> Appending keys from msys2.gpg... | |
| ==> Locally signing trusted keys in keyring... | |
| -> Locally signing key D55E7A6D7CE9BA1587C0ACACF40D263ECA25678A... | |
| -> Locally signing key 123D4D51A1793859C2BE916BBBE514E53E0D0813... | |
| -> Locally signing key B91BCF3303284BF90CC043CA9F418C233E652008... | |
| -> Locally signing key 9DD0D4217D75A33B896159E6DA7EF2ABAEEA755C... | |
| ==> Importing owner trust values... | |
| ==> Updating trust database... | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/assuan.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/autosprintf.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/bash.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/coreutils.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/find.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/find-maint.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/flex.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gawk.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gawkinet.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gawkworkflow.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gcrypt.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gettext.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gmp.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gnupg.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gnutls.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gnutls-guile.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gpgme.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/grep.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/gzip.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/history.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/inetutils.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/info-stnd.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/ksba.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/libffi.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/libgomp.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/libidn2.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/libquadmath.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/libtasn1.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/libunistring.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/m4.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/mpfr.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/nettle.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/pinentry.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/readline.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/rluserman.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/sed.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/time.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/wget.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| --> Installing /usr/share/info/which.info.gz ... | |
| done | |
| [H[J | |
| ################################################################### | |
| # # | |
| # # | |
| # C A U T I O N # | |
| # # | |
| # This is first start of MSYS2. # | |
| # You MUST restart shell to apply necessary actions. # | |
| # # | |
| # # | |
| ################################################################### | |
| [H[J | |
| Done | |
| Writing maintenance tool. | |
| Installation finished! | |
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