Toast Notifications on Windows 11

toast-start-lnk.ps

$ShortcutPath = "$env:APPDATA\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\MyToastApp.lnk"
$TargetPath = "C:\Path\To\YourApp.exe"
$AppUserModelID = "Your.App.ID"

Add-Type -TypeDefinition @"
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;

[ComImport]
[Guid("00021401-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
class ShellLink {}

[ComImport]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
[Guid("000214F9-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
interface IShellLinkW {
    void GetPath([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszFile, int cchMaxPath, out IntPtr pfd, int fFlags);
    void GetIDList(out IntPtr ppidl);
    void SetIDList(IntPtr pidl);
    void GetDescription([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszName, int cchMaxName);
    void SetDescription([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszName);
    void GetWorkingDirectory([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszDir, int cchMaxPath);
    void SetWorkingDirectory([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszDir);
    void GetArguments([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszArgs, int cchMaxPath);
    void SetArguments([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszArgs);
    void GetHotkey(out short pwHotkey);
    void SetHotkey(short wHotkey);
    void GetShowCmd(out int piShowCmd);
    void SetShowCmd(int iShowCmd);
    void GetIconLocation([Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pszIconPath, int cchIconPath, out int piIcon);
    void SetIconLocation([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszIconPath, int iIcon);
    void SetRelativePath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszPathRel, int dwReserved);
    void Resolve(IntPtr hwnd, int fFlags);
    void SetPath([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszFile);
}

[ComImport]
[Guid("886D8EEB-8CF2-4446-8D02-CDBA1DBDCF99")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
interface IPropertyStore {
    void GetCount(out uint cProps);
    void GetAt(uint iProp, out PROPERTYKEY pkey);
    void GetValue(ref PROPERTYKEY key, out PROPVARIANT pv);
    void SetValue(ref PROPERTYKEY key, ref PROPVARIANT pv);
    void Commit();
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 4)]
struct PROPERTYKEY {
    public Guid fmtid;
    public uint pid;
}

[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
struct PROPVARIANT {
    [FieldOffset(0)]
    public ushort vt;
    [FieldOffset(8)]
    public IntPtr pszVal;

    public static PROPVARIANT FromString(string value) {
        var pv = new PROPVARIANT();
        pv.vt = 31; // VT_LPWSTR
        pv.pszVal = Marshal.StringToCoTaskMemUni(value);
        return pv;
    }
}

public static class ShellLinkHelper {
    static readonly Guid PKEY_AppUserModel_ID_fmtid = new Guid("9F4C2855-9F79-4B39-A8D0-E1D42DE1D5F3");
    const uint PKEY_AppUserModel_ID_pid = 5;

    public static void CreateShortcut(string shortcutPath, string exePath, string appId) {
        var link = (IShellLinkW)new ShellLink();
        link.SetPath(exePath);

        var store = (IPropertyStore)link;
        var key = new PROPERTYKEY() { fmtid = PKEY_AppUserModel_ID_fmtid, pid = PKEY_AppUserModel_ID_pid };
        var pv = PROPVARIANT.FromString(appId);

        store.SetValue(ref key, ref pv);
        store.Commit();

        var file = (IPersistFile)link;
        file.Save(shortcutPath, false);
    }
}
"@ -Language CSharp

# Call the helper from PowerShell
[ShellLinkHelper]::CreateShortcut($ShortcutPath, $TargetPath, $AppUserModelID)
Write-Host "Shortcut created at $ShortcutPath with AppUserModelID = $AppUserModelID"

toast.cpp

#include <windows.h>
#include <wrl/client.h>
#include <wrl/wrappers/corewrappers.h>
#include <windows.ui.notifications.h>
#include <winrt/base.h>
#include <winrt/Windows.Data.Xml.Dom.h>
#include <winrt/Windows.UI.Notifications.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <shobjidl.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "Shell32.lib")
using namespace Microsoft::WRL;
using namespace Microsoft::WRL::Wrappers;
using namespace winrt;
using namespace winrt::Windows::Data::Xml::Dom;
using namespace winrt::Windows::UI::Notifications;

int main() {
    RoInitialize(RO_INIT_SINGLETHREADED);

    // Set AppUserModelID
    SetCurrentProcessExplicitAppUserModelID(L"Your.App.ID");

    // Create Toast Notifier
    auto toastNotifier = ToastNotificationManager::CreateToastNotifier(L"Your.App.ID");

    // Create XML content
    XmlDocument toastXml;
    try {
        std::wstring xmlString = L"<toast><visual><binding template='ToastGeneric'><text>Hello from C++!</text></binding></visual></toast>";
        toastXml.LoadXml(xmlString);
    }
    catch (const hresult_error& ex) {
        std::wcerr << L"Failed to load XML: " << ex.message().c_str() << std::endl;
        RoUninitialize();
        return 1;
    }

    // Create Toast Notification
    auto toast = ToastNotification(toastXml);

    // Show Toast
    toastNotifier.Show(toast);

    RoUninitialize();
    return 0;
}