Compile Emacs 26 on Ubuntu 16.04 on Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL, aka Bash on Ubuntu on Windows)

emacs26.sh

mkdir emacs
cd emacs
git init
git remote add origin https://github.com/emacs-mirror/emacs.git
git fetch --depth 1 origin emacs-26
git reset --hard FETCH_HEAD
sudo apt install autoconf make gcc texinfo libgtk-3-dev libxpm-dev libjpeg-dev libgif-dev libtiff5-dev libgnutls-dev libncurses5-dev
./configure
make
sudo make install

You seem to be running X, but no X development libraries
were found. You should install the relevant development files for X
and for the toolkit you want, such as Gtk+ or Motif. Also make
sure you have development files for image handling, i.e...

I issued those commands but still got this error. How to fix this?

High,

i would suggest to change the script to:

cd /usr/src
sudo mkdir emacs
sudo chmod 777 emacs
cd emacs
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/emacs/emacs-26.3.tar.xz
tar -xf emacs-VERSION.tar.xz
sudo apt-get build-dep emacs25 emacs25-bin-common emacs25-common emacs25-el
cd emacs-26.3
./configure
make
src/emacs -Q      # to test if its operating correct
sudo make install
make distclean

This will catch all dependencies for the build of emacs25 and build a well working emacs26.3 to my WSL Ubuntu 18 LTS