Parsing Syslog files with Python and PyParsing

README

$ python xlog.py sample.log

{'appname': 'test.app', 'timestamp': '2012-09-06 15:19:32', 'hostname': 'codezone.local', 'pid': '68898', 'priority': '132', 'message': 'bla bla bla warn'}
{'appname': 'test.app', 'timestamp': '2012-09-06 15:19:32', 'hostname': 'codezone.local', 'pid': '68902', 'priority': '131', 'message': 'bla bla bla error'}
{'appname': 'Dock', 'timestamp': '2012-09-06 15:19:32', 'hostname': 'codezone.local', 'pid': '154', 'priority': '11', 'message': 'CGSReleaseWindowList: called with 5 invalid window(s)'}
{'appname': 'WindowServer', 'timestamp': '2012-09-06 15:19:32', 'hostname': 'codezone.local', 'pid': '79', 'priority': '11', 'message': 'CGXSetWindowListAlpha: Invalid window 0'}

$ python xlog.py sample.log | grep test.app

{'priority': '132', 'timestamp': '2020-03-04 12:42:40', 'hostname': 'codezone.local', 'appname': 'test.app', 'pid': '68898', 'message': 'bla bla bla warn'}
{'priority': '131', 'timestamp': '2020-03-04 12:42:40', 'hostname': 'codezone.local', 'appname': 'test.app', 'pid': '68902', 'message': 'bla bla bla error'}

sample.log

<132>Sep  6 14:35:48 codezone.local test.app[68898]: bla bla bla warn
<131>Sep  6 14:35:58 codezone.local test.app[68902]: bla bla bla error
<11>Sep  6 14:37:53 codezone.local Dock[154]: CGSReleaseWindowList: called with 5 invalid window(s)
<11>Sep  6 14:38:09 codezone.local WindowServer[79]: CGXSetWindowListAlpha: Invalid window 0

xlog.py

import sys
from pyparsing import Word, alphas, Suppress, Combine, nums, string, Optional, Regex
from time import strftime

class Parser(object):
  def __init__(self):
    ints = Word(nums)

    # priority
    priority = Suppress("<") + ints + Suppress(">")

    # timestamp
    month = Word(string.ascii_uppercase , string.ascii_lowercase, exact=3)
    day   = ints
    hour  = Combine(ints + ":" + ints + ":" + ints)
    
    timestamp = month + day + hour

    # hostname
    hostname = Word(alphas + nums + "_" + "-" + ".")

    # appname
    appname = Word(alphas + "/" + "-" + "_" + ".") + Optional(Suppress("[") + ints + Suppress("]")) + Suppress(":")

    # message
    message = Regex(".*")
  
    # pattern build
    self.__pattern = priority + timestamp + hostname + appname + message
    
  def parse(self, line):
    parsed = self.__pattern.parseString(line)

    payload              = {}
    payload["priority"]  = parsed[0]
    payload["timestamp"] = strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
    payload["hostname"]  = parsed[4]
    payload["appname"]   = parsed[5]
    payload["pid"]       = parsed[6]
    payload["message"]   = parsed[7]
    
    return payload

""" --------------------------------- """

def main():
  parser = Parser()
  
  if len(sys.argv) == 1:
    print("Usage:\n  $ python xlog.py ./sample.log")
    exit(666)
  
  syslogPath = sys.argv[1]
  
  with open(syslogPath) as syslogFile:
    for line in syslogFile:
      fields = parser.parse(line)
      print(fields)
  
if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

Instead of current time stamp how can change below in above code to take time-stamp from the syslog file

strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

payload["timestamp"] = strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

this code mean, print timestamp of a server's time running this script, not a time of syslog message.

Hey leandrosilva, thanks for posting this. It helped me get started with pyparsing!

One note I'd add to save someone else some time is that string.uppercase and string.lowercase aren't valid with current pyparsing versions. Replaced by string.ascii_uppercase and string.ascii_lowercase.

In hindsight, it's obvious, but since I was just learning pyparsing took me a bit of research to find!

Thanks mate.
I did update it.
Cheers.

Hey NitinMahajan1 and msjuck,

If you want the date from the syslog you can change the parser payload to concatenate the timestamp like this.

with f-strings:
payload["timestamp"] = f"{parsed[1]} {parsed[2]} {parsed[3]}"

or with .format for those that can't run Python 3.6 or don't like f-strings (I won't judge):
payload["timestamp"] = "{} {} {}".format(parsed[1], parsed[2], parsed[3])

amazing! just what I was looking for. thanks so much!
Hoping to use a config file so that the patterns are not done inline but based on a config file you can call as

python xlog.py sample.log --config.file=config.yaml