Example of combining LilyPond, LaTeX, listings and beamer.

entchen.ly

\relative c' {
  c d e f |
  g2 g |
}

lilypond.lytex

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{txfonts}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{listings}

\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{2665}{{\ensuremath\color{red}\varheartsuit}}

\beamertemplatenavigationsymbolsempty

\lstset{basicstyle=\ttfamily}

\begin{document}

\begin{frame}[fragile]
  \frametitle{$\text{LilyPond} + \text{\LaTeX} = ♥$}
  You can include LilyPond source code using \lstinline{listings}
  and the corresponding musical notation using \lstinline{lilypond-book}.
  \begin{figure}
    \centering
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\textwidth}
      \lstinputlisting{entchen.ly}
      \caption{The source code.}
    \end{subfigure}
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\textwidth}
      \lilypondfile{entchen.ly}
      \caption{The resulting notation.}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{A simple example melody.}
  \end{figure}
  The source code can be included inline
  (\lstinline{lstlisting} and \lstinline{lilypond} environments)
  or, even better, from a separate file
  (\lstinline[language=tex]{\lstinputlisting} and \lstinline[language=tex]{\lilypondfile}).
\end{frame}

\end{document}

Makefile

.PHONY: all

all: lilypond.pdf

%.tex: %.lytex
	lilypond-book --pdf $<
%.pdf: %.tex
	pdflatex $<