Learning of dependency graph and causal net from event logs

CausalNet.hs

-- | Naive implementation of alpha algorithm for descovering petri-nets from event logs
--
-- References:
-- 
-- * Wil van der Aalst, "Process Mining: Data science in Action", Week 2,
--   https://www.coursera.org/course/procmin

import Control.Monad
import Data.MultiSet (MultiSet) -- http://hackage.haskell.org/package/multiset
import qualified Data.MultiSet as MultiSet
import Data.Set (Set)
import qualified Data.Set as Set

type PetriNet p t = (Set p, Set t, MultiSet (PetriNetArc p t))

data PetriNetArc p t
  = P2T p t
  | T2P t p
  deriving (Eq, Ord, Show)

data AlphaPlace a = I | O | P (Set a) (Set a)
  deriving (Eq, Ord, Show)

alpha :: Ord t => MultiSet [t] -> PetriNet (AlphaPlace t) t
alpha ts = (p_l, t_l, f_l)
  where
    directSuccessions = Set.fromList [(x,y) | sigma <- MultiSet.distinctElems ts, t <- sigma, not (null sigma), (x,y) <- zip sigma (tail sigma)]
    x > y = (x,y) `Set.member` directSuccessions 
    x .->. y = x > y && not (y > x) -- causality
    x .||. y = x > y && y > x -- parallel
    x # y = not (x > y) && not (y > x) -- choice

    t_l = Set.fromList [t | sigma <- MultiSet.distinctElems ts, t <- sigma]
    t_i = Set.fromList [t | t:_ <- MultiSet.distinctElems ts]
    t_o = Set.fromList [t | t:_ <- map reverse (MultiSet.distinctElems ts)]
    x_l = Set.fromList $ do
      as <- subsets t_l
      guard $ not $ Set.null as
      bs <- subsets t_l
      guard $ not $ Set.null bs
      guard $ and [a1 # a2 | a1 <- Set.toList as, a2 <- Set.toList as]
      guard $ and [b1 # b2 | b1 <- Set.toList bs, b2 <- Set.toList bs]
      guard $ and [a .->. b | a <- Set.toList as, b <- Set.toList bs]
      return (as, bs)
    y_l = [(as,bs) | (as,bs) <- Set.toList x_l, and [not (as `Set.isSubsetOf` as' && bs `Set.isSubsetOf` bs') || (as==as' && bs==bs') | (as',bs') <- Set.toList x_l]]
    p_l = Set.fromList [I, O] `Set.union` Set.fromList [P as bs | (as,bs) <- y_l]
    f_l = MultiSet.fromSet $ Set.unions
          [ Set.fromList [T2P a (P as bs) | (as,bs) <- y_l, a <- Set.toList as]
          , Set.fromList [P2T (P as bs) b | (as,bs) <- y_l, b <- Set.toList bs]
          , Set.fromList [P2T I t | t <- Set.toList t_i]
          , Set.fromList [T2P t O | t <- Set.toList t_o]
          ]

subsets :: Ord a => Set a -> [Set a]
subsets xs = foldM f Set.empty (Set.toList xs)
  where
    f ys x = return ys `mplus` return (Set.insert x ys)