xkcd has some great t-shirts in the xkcd store. One of them, which I got in late 2014, is the uber-geeky "greek" shirt, though I don't see it in the official store right now.
For background, see Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering (Wikipedia), though that doesn't have all the uses listed by Randall.
Here are the letters and uses presented on the shirt, row-by-row:
δ delta: dirac & kronecker deltas; isotope ratio
ε epsilon: a small number; strain; permittivity
ψ psi: quantum wavefunction, the planet Neptune
η eta: impedance, viscosity, efficiency