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Last active November 20, 2022 17:34
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Simple MicroPython ESP32 RMT NeoPixel / WS2812B driver.
# Copyright public licence and also I don't care.
# 2020 Josh "NeverCast" Lloyd.
from micropython import const
from esp32 import RMT
# The peripheral clock is 80MHz or 12.5 nanoseconds per clock.
# The smallest precision of timing requried for neopixels is
# 0.35us, but I've decided to go with 0.05 microseconds or
# 50 nanoseconds. 50 nanoseconds = 12.5 * 4 clocks.
# By dividing the 80MHz clock by 4 we get a clock every 50 nanoseconds.
# Neopixel timing in RMT clock counts.
T_0H = const(35 // 5) # 0.35 microseconds / 50 nanoseconds
T_1H = const(70 // 5) # 0.70 microseconds / 50 nanoseconds
T_0L = const(80 // 5) # 0.80 microseconds / 50 nanoseconds
T_1L = const(60 // 5) # 0.60 microseconds / 50 nanoseconds
# Encoded timings for bits 0 and 1.
D_ZERO = (T_0H, T_0L)
D_ONE = (T_1H, T_1L)
# [D_ONE if ((channel >> bit) & 1) else D_ZERO for channel in channels for bit in range(num_bits - 1, -1, -1)]
# Reset signal is low for longer than 50 microseconds.
T_RST = const(510 // 5) # > 50 microseconds / 50 nanoseconds
# Channel width in bits
CHANNEL_WIDTH = const(8)
class Pixels:
def __init__(self, pin, pixel_count, rmt_channel=1, pixel_channels=3):
self.rmt = RMT(rmt_channel, pin=pin, clock_div=4)
# pixels stores the data sent out via RMT
self.channels = pixel_channels
single_pixel = (0,) * pixel_channels
self.pixels = [D_ZERO * (pixel_channels * CHANNEL_WIDTH)] * pixel_count
# colors is only used for __getitem__
self.colors = [single_pixel] * pixel_count
def write(self):
# The bus should be idle low ( I think... )
# So we finish low and start high.
pulses = tuple()
for pixel in self.pixels:
pulses += pixel
pulses = pulses[:-1] + (T_RST,) # The last low should be long.
self.rmt.write_pulses(pulses, start=1)
def __setitem__(self, pixel_index, colors):
self_colors = self.colors
self_pixels = self.pixels
if isinstance(pixel_index, int):
# pixels[0] = (r, g, b)
self_colors[pixel_index] = tuple(colors)
self_pixels[pixel_index] = tuple(clocks for bit in (D_ONE if ((channel >> bit) & 1) else D_ZERO for channel in colors for bit in range(CHANNEL_WIDTH - 1, -1, -1)) for clocks in bit)
elif isinstance(pixel_index, slice):
start = 0 if pixel_index.start is None else pixel_index.start
stop = len(self.pixels) if pixel_index.stop is None else pixel_index.stop
step = 1 if pixel_index.step is None else pixel_index.step
# Assume that if the first colors element is an int, then its not a sequence
# Otherwise always assume its a sequence of colors
if isinstance(colors[0], int):
# pixels[:] = (r,g,b)
for index in range(start, stop, step):
self_colors[index] = tuple(colors)
self_pixels[index] = tuple(clocks for bit in (D_ONE if ((channel >> bit) & 1) else D_ZERO for channel in colors for bit in range(CHANNEL_WIDTH - 1, -1, -1)) for clocks in bit)
else:
# pixels[:] = [(r,g,b), ...]
# Assume its a sequence, make it a list so we know the length
if not isinstance(colors, list):
colors = list(colors)
color_length = len(colors)
for index in range(start, stop, step):
color = colors[(index - start) % color_length]
self_colors[index] = tuple(color)
self_pixels[index] = tuple(clocks for bit in (D_ONE if ((channel >> bit) & 1) else D_ZERO for channel in color for bit in range(CHANNEL_WIDTH - 1, -1, -1)) for clocks in bit)
else:
raise TypeError('Unsupported pixel_index {} ({})'.format(pixel_index, type(pixel_index)))
def __getitem__(self, pixel_index):
# slice instances are passed through
return self.colors[pixel_index]
### All code below this point is test code and can be safely deleted in your own application.
def TEST():
from machine import Pin
pin = Pin(18)
p = Pixels(pin, 5)
try:
assert(isinstance(p, Pixels))
assert(p.channels == 3)
assert(len(p.colors) == 5)
assert(len(p.pixels) == 5)
assert(len(p.colors[0]) == 3)
assert(sum(p.colors[0]) == 0)
assert(p[0] == (0, 0, 0))
old_pixels = p.pixels[0]
assert(p.pixels[0] == old_pixels)
p[0] = (1, 2, 3)
assert(p[0] == (1, 2, 3))
assert(p.colors[0] == p[0])
assert(p.pixels[0] != old_pixels)
assert(p[0:1] == [(1,2,3)])
assert(p[0:2] == [(1,2,3), (0,0,0)])
p[0:1] = (1, 3, 5)
assert(p.colors[0] == (1, 3, 5))
assert(p.colors[1] == (0, 0, 0))
assert(p.colors[0:2] == [(1,3,5), (0,0,0)])
p[0:4] = [(1,1,1), (2,2,2)]
assert(p.colors[0:4] == [(1,1,1), (2,2,2)]*2)
finally:
p.rmt.deinit()
p = Pixels(pin, 5, pixel_channels=4)
try:
assert(isinstance(p, Pixels))
assert(p.channels == 4)
assert(len(p.colors) == 5)
assert(len(p.pixels) == 5)
assert(len(p.colors[0]) == 4)
assert(sum(p.colors[0]) == 0)
assert(p[0] == (0, 0, 0, 0))
old_pixels = p.pixels[0]
assert(p.pixels[0] == old_pixels)
p[0] = (1, 2, 3, 4)
assert(p[0] == (1, 2, 3, 4))
assert(p.colors[0] == p[0])
assert(p.pixels[0] != old_pixels)
assert(p[0:1] == [(1,2,3,4)])
assert(p[0:2] == [(1,2,3,4), (0,0,0,0)])
p[0:1] = (1, 3, 5, 7)
assert(p.colors[0] == (1, 3, 5, 7))
assert(p.colors[1] == (0, 0, 0, 0))
assert(p.colors[0:2] == [(1,3,5,7), (0,0,0,0)])
p[0:4] = [(1,1,1,1), (2,2,2,2)]
assert(p.colors[0:4] == [(1,1,1,1), (2,2,2,2)]*2)
finally:
p.rmt.deinit()
def RAINBOW():
from machine import Pin
from time import ticks_ms, ticks_diff
last = ticks_ms()
def delta(title=None):
nonlocal last
if title is not None:
print(title,ticks_diff(ticks_ms(), last),'ms')
last = ticks_ms()
p = Pin(15)
pix = Pixels(p, 60)
rainbow = [[126 , 1 , 0],[114 , 13 , 0],[102 , 25 , 0],[90 , 37 , 0],[78 , 49 , 0],[66 , 61 , 0],[54 , 73 , 0],[42 , 85 , 0],[30 , 97 , 0],[18 , 109 , 0],[6 , 121 , 0],[0 , 122 , 5],[0 , 110 , 17],[0 , 98 , 29],[0 , 86 , 41],[0 , 74 , 53],[0 , 62 , 65],[0 , 50 , 77],[0 , 38 , 89],[0 , 26 , 101],[0 , 14 , 113],[0 , 2 , 125],[9 , 0 , 118],[21 , 0 , 106],[33 , 0 , 94],[45 , 0 , 82],[57 , 0 , 70],[69 , 0 , 58],[81 , 0 , 46],[93 , 0 , 34],[105 , 0 , 22],[117 , 0 , 10]]
while True:
rainbow = rainbow[-1:] + rainbow[:-1]
pix[:] = rainbow
delta('update')
pix.write()
delta('write')
@tech-shubham
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@carstenblt

Thank you so much for your support.

The thing is I just need a favour if you can compile it and share with me .bin file as I have my windows laptop and somehow its not compiling through esp idf tools.

If you share the .bin file then I can directly put it into my esp32 board.

Your efforts are much appreciated, thanks.

@tech-shubham
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@carstenblt

Can you please share the compiled .bin file which I can use it as a bootloader.

@tech-shubham
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@carstenblt

Makefile shows multiple problem while compiling. It shows this error and number of more errors.
"Makefile:427: *** target pattern contains no `%'. Stop."

Kindly Please help out.

@tech-shubham
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@carstenblt

I did able to compile and run finally.

But still the problem remains, in my code I am running it for 64 Leds and there is still random flickering.
But I appreciate your efforts.

@carstenblt
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@tech-shubham Are you sure you are using neopixel2? I did not touch the original neopixel library.

@tech-shubham
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Yes, I miss something previously.
But,Thanks @carstenblt now its working just fine.

Just a problem is, we can't run two led strips simultaneously with this update.

@carstenblt
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Yep... The interrupt handler could handle multiple strips, it would just need some more work.

@tech-shubham
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Well, I will be waiting for your next update. Kindly do tell me when its done.

Thanks!

@tech-shubham
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@carstenblt

Does your micropython Firmware: https://github.com/carstenblt/micropython
Supports esp32 + psRam, I mean to ask either we have to change some settings or does it support external 4MB(or above) SPIRAM.

@vjdw
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vjdw commented May 15, 2020

Thanks for this, solved my flickering neopixels on ESP32.

@martinjo
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@tech-shubham, @vjdw Any chance that you can share a compiled version of the firmware that you got working? 🙏 Or even better, share instructions of what changes are necessary to build...

@vjdw
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vjdw commented Jun 21, 2022

Sorry @martinjo, I'm only using a short strip and so all I needed was the original pixels.py gist. Maybe @tech-shubham can help with the firmware.

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