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# Nicolas Seriot | |
# 2021-09-24 | |
# | |
# https://gist.github.com/nst/1cfb01d0b78993f7ffe2df7c101b586c | |
# Thread: https://twitter.com/nst021/status/1437889678947110912 | |
# Typical output: https://seriot.ch/visualization/iso7.gif | |
import cairo | |
import random | |
import numpy as np | |
import cProfile, pstats, io | |
from pstats import SortKey | |
import imageio | |
import os | |
MARGIN = 40 | |
X_MAX, Y_MAX, Z_MAX = 36,24,16 # space size | |
DW, DH = 28, 14 # diamond size | |
DW2, DH2 = int(DW/2), int(DH/2) | |
TTL = 40 | |
NB_SNAKES = 30 | |
NB_IMAGES = 200 | |
def draw_surface(c, points, color, vertices = []): | |
c.save() | |
c.set_source_rgb(*color) | |
[c.line_to(*p) for p in points] | |
c.fill() | |
c.set_source_rgb(0,0,0) | |
c.set_line_width(1) | |
for pts in vertices: | |
p1, p2 = pts | |
c.move_to(*p1) | |
c.line_to(*p2) | |
c.stroke() | |
c.restore() | |
def draw_world_box(c, front=False, back=False): | |
""" | |
5 | |
2 6 | |
3 8 <- 3 front, 8 back | |
1 7 | |
4 | |
""" | |
o_x = DW2 * Y_MAX | |
o_y = DH2 | |
p1 = (0, Y_MAX*DH2) | |
p2 = (0, p1[1] + DH*Z_MAX) | |
p3 = (Y_MAX*DW2, DH*Z_MAX) | |
p4 = (p3[0], 0) | |
p5 = (X_MAX*DW2, (X_MAX+Y_MAX)*DH2 + Z_MAX*DH) | |
p6 = ((X_MAX + Y_MAX) * DW2, X_MAX*DH2 + Z_MAX*DH) | |
p7 = (p6[0], X_MAX*DH2) | |
p8 = (p5[0], (X_MAX+Y_MAX)*DH2) | |
c.save() | |
c.set_source_rgb(0,0,0) | |
c.set_line_width(1) | |
if back: | |
[c.line_to(*p) for p in [p5, p8]] | |
c.stroke() | |
[c.line_to(*p) for p in [p1, p8, p7]] | |
c.stroke() | |
if front: | |
[c.line_to(*p) for p in [p1, p2, p5, p6, p7, p4, p1]] | |
c.stroke() | |
[c.line_to(*p) for p in [p2, p3, p6]] | |
c.stroke() | |
[c.line_to(*p) for p in [p3, p4]] | |
c.stroke() | |
c.restore() | |
def draw_cube(c, x, y, z, | |
nx = False, nx_ = False, ny = False, ny_ = False, nz = False, nz_ = False, | |
nxy_=False, nxz = False, nx_z_ = False, nyz = False, ny_z_ = False, | |
flat=False): | |
x, y = (DW2 * (Y_MAX-1) + DW2*(x-y), DH2*(x+y)) | |
c.save() | |
c.translate(x, y) | |
""" | |
5 | |
2 6 | |
3 - DH | |
1 7 | |
4 | |
| z_offset | |
""" | |
z_offset = DH * z | |
p1 = (0, z_offset + DH2) | |
p2 = (0, z_offset + DH2 + DH) | |
p3 = (DW2, z_offset + DH) | |
p4 = (DW2, z_offset + 0) | |
p5 = (DW2, z_offset + 2*DH) | |
p6 = (DW, z_offset + DH2 + DH) | |
p7 = (DW, z_offset + DH2) | |
#COLOR_RIGHT = (0.5,0.5,0.5) | |
#COLOR_TOP = (1,1,1) | |
#COLOR_LEFT = (0,0,0) | |
z_ratio = 0.4 + z*0.6/Z_MAX | |
COLOR_TOP = (1 * z_ratio, 0.5 * z_ratio, 0.5 * z_ratio) | |
COLOR_LEFT = (0.6 * z_ratio, 0, 0) | |
COLOR_RIGHT = (1 * z_ratio, 0, 0) | |
vertices = [] | |
if flat: | |
vertices.append((p1,p3)) | |
vertices.append((p3,p7)) | |
vertices.append((p7,p4)) | |
vertices.append((p4,p1)) | |
draw_surface(c, [], (1,1,1), vertices) | |
else: | |
if not nx:# | |
vertices.append((p5, p6)) | |
vertices.append((p6, p7)) | |
if not ny: | |
vertices.append((p2, p5)) | |
vertices.append((p2, p1)) | |
if not nz_: | |
vertices.append((p4, p7)) | |
vertices.append((p1, p4)) | |
if not nx_ and not ny_: | |
vertices.append((p3, p4)) | |
if not nz and not ny_: | |
vertices.append((p6, p3)) | |
if not nz and not nx_: | |
vertices.append((p2, p3)) | |
if nxy_: | |
vertices.append((p6, p7)) | |
if nx_z_: | |
vertices.append((p1, p4)) | |
if nxz: | |
vertices.append((p5, p6)) | |
if nyz: | |
vertices.append((p2, p5)) | |
if ny_z_: | |
vertices.append((p4, p7)) | |
draw_surface(c, [p2, p5, p6, p3], COLOR_TOP, vertices) | |
draw_surface(c, [p1, p2, p3, p4], COLOR_LEFT, vertices) | |
draw_surface(c, [p3, p6, p7, p4], COLOR_RIGHT, vertices) | |
c.restore() | |
def visibility_matrix(m): | |
X,Y,Z = m.shape | |
# nothing is visible except the three visible faces of the space | |
v = np.full(m.shape, False) | |
for x in range(X): | |
for y in range(Y): | |
v[x][y][Z-1] = True | |
for x in range(X): | |
for z in range(Z): | |
v[x][0][z] = True | |
for y in range(Y): | |
for z in range(Z): | |
v[0][y][z] = True | |
# iterating from user's standpoint | |
for x in range(X): | |
for y in range(Y): | |
for z in range(Z)[::-1]: | |
# if not visible | |
# no need to update visibility of "back" cube | |
# continue to the next cube | |
if not v[x][y][z]: | |
continue | |
# if m is empty | |
# "back" cube becomes visible | |
if not m[x][y][z]: | |
if x < (X-1) and y < (Y-1) and z > 0: | |
v[x+1][y+1][z-1] = True | |
return v | |
def offset_is_valid(m,x,y,z,a,b,c): | |
return 0 <= (x+a) < X and 0 <= (y+b) < Y and 0 <= (z+c) < Z | |
def is_neighbour(ttls,oids,x,y,z,a,b,c): | |
X,Y,Z = ttls.shape | |
offset_is_valid = 0 <= (x+a) < X and 0 <= (y+b) < Y and 0 <= (z+c) < Z | |
if not offset_is_valid: | |
return False | |
oid = oids[x,y,z] | |
ttl = ttls[x,y,z] | |
noid = oids[x+a,y+b,z+c] | |
nttl = ttls[x+a,y+b,z+c] | |
return noid == oid and abs(nttl-ttl) <= 1 | |
def draw_model(ctx, ttls, oids): | |
X,Y,Z = ttls.shape | |
v = visibility_matrix(ttls) | |
for x in range(X)[::-1]: | |
for y in range(Y)[::-1]: | |
for z in range(Z_MAX): | |
if not v[x][y][z]: | |
continue | |
oid = oids[x][y][z] | |
if oid == 0: | |
continue | |
ttl = ttls[x,y,z] | |
nx = is_neighbour(ttls,oids,x,y,z, 1, 0, 0) | |
nx_ = is_neighbour(ttls,oids,x,y,z,-1, 0, 0) | |
ny = is_neighbour(ttls,oids,x,y,z, 0, 1, 0) | |
ny_ = is_neighbour(ttls,oids,x,y,z, 0,-1, 0) | |
nz = is_neighbour(ttls,oids,x,y,z, 0, 0, 1) | |
nz_ = is_neighbour(ttls,oids,x,y,z, 0, 0,-1) | |
nxy_ = ttls[x+1][y-1][z] if (x+1) < X and (y-1) >= 0 else False | |
nxz = ttls[x+1][y][z+1] if (x+1) < X and (z+1) < Z else False | |
nx_z_ = ttls[x-1][y][z-1] if (x-1) >= 0 and (z-1) >= 0 else False | |
nyz = ttls[x][y+1][z+1] if (y+1) < Y and (z+1) < Z else False | |
ny_z_ = ttls[x][y-1][z-1] if (y-1) >= 0 and (z-1) >= 0 else False | |
draw_cube(ctx,x,y,z,nx,nx_,ny,ny_,nz,nz_,nxy_,nxz,nx_z_,nyz,ny_z_) | |
def images_paths(): | |
# ensure we can read images when working from another dir | |
cwd = os.getcwd() | |
dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) | |
os.chdir(dir_path) | |
files = [os.path.sep.join([dir_path, s]) | |
for s in os.listdir(dir_path) | |
if s.endswith('.png')] | |
files.sort() | |
os.chdir(cwd) | |
return files | |
def draw_gif(filename): | |
images = [] | |
for s in images_paths(): | |
images.append(imageio.imread(s)) | |
imageio.mimsave(filename, images, format='GIF', duration=0.1) | |
def draw_png(m, oids, filename, draw_grid=False, draw_box=False): | |
surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, | |
(X_MAX+Y_MAX)*DW2 + MARGIN*2, | |
(X_MAX+Y_MAX)*DH2 + Z_MAX*DH + MARGIN*2) | |
c = cairo.Context(surface) | |
cm = cairo.Matrix(yy=-1, y0=surface.get_height()) | |
c.transform(cm) | |
c.translate(MARGIN, MARGIN) | |
c.set_antialias(cairo.ANTIALIAS_NONE) | |
#background | |
c.set_source_rgb(1,1,1) | |
c.paint() | |
#pen | |
c.set_source_rgb(0,0,0) | |
c.set_line_width(1) | |
if draw_grid: | |
for x in range(X_MAX): | |
for y in range(Y_MAX): | |
draw_cube(c, x, y, 0, flat=True) | |
if draw_box: | |
draw_world_box(c, back=True) | |
draw_model(c, m, oids) | |
if draw_box: | |
draw_world_box(c, front=True) | |
surface.write_to_png(filename) | |
def can_move_to(m, x, y, z): | |
X,Y,Z = m.shape | |
if not x in range(X): | |
return False | |
if not y in range(Y): | |
return False | |
if not z in range(Z): | |
return False | |
if m[x][y][z] > 0: | |
return False | |
return True | |
def next_head(ttls, head, direction): | |
x,y,z = head | |
a,b,c = direction | |
must_turn = can_move_to(ttls, x+a, y+b, z+c) == False | |
must_keep_direction = random.uniform(0, 1) < 0.7 | |
if not must_turn and must_keep_direction: | |
return (x+a, y+b, z+c), direction | |
directions = [(-1,0,0), (1,0,0), | |
(0,-1,0), (0,1,0), | |
(0,0,-1), (0,0,1)] | |
possible_directions = [] | |
for a,b,c in directions: | |
x_ = x+a | |
y_ = y+b | |
z_ = z+c | |
if x_ in range(X_MAX) \ | |
and y_ in range(Y_MAX) \ | |
and z_ in range(Z_MAX) \ | |
and ttls[x_][y_][z_] == 0: | |
possible_directions.append((a,b,c)) | |
if len(possible_directions) == 0: | |
print("** can't move") | |
return head, direction | |
a,b,c = random.choice(possible_directions) | |
new_head = (x+a,y+b,z+c) | |
return new_head, (a,b,c) | |
def main(): | |
#random.seed(0) | |
ttls = np.full((X_MAX, Y_MAX, Z_MAX), 0) # TTLs | |
oids = np.full((X_MAX, Y_MAX, Z_MAX), 0) # object ids | |
""" | |
oids[0] [0] [0] = 1 | |
oids[X_MAX-1][0] [0] = 1 | |
oids[X_MAX-1][Y_MAX-1][0] = 1 | |
oids[X_MAX-1][Y_MAX-1][Z_MAX-1] = 1 | |
oids[X_MAX-1][0] [Z_MAX-1] = 1 | |
oids[0] [Y_MAX-1][0] = 1 | |
oids[0] [Y_MAX-1][Z_MAX-1] = 1 | |
oids[0] [0] [Z_MAX-1] = 1 | |
draw_png(ttls, oids, "x.png", draw_grid=True, draw_box=True) | |
import sys | |
sys.exit(0) | |
""" | |
directions = [(-1,0,0), (1,0,0), | |
(0,-1,0), (0,1,0), | |
(0,0,-1), (0,0,1)] | |
snakes = [] | |
for _ in range(NB_SNAKES): | |
d = random.choice(directions) | |
x = random.randrange(X_MAX) | |
y = random.randrange(Y_MAX) | |
z = random.randrange(Z_MAX) | |
snake = {"h":(x,y,z), "d":d} | |
snakes.append(snake) | |
for oid,snake in enumerate(snakes): | |
x,y,z = snake["h"] | |
ttls[x][y][z] = TTL # time to live | |
oids[x][y][z] = oid+1 # 0 means no object | |
draw_png(ttls, oids, "000.png", draw_grid=True, draw_box=True) | |
# pr = cProfile.Profile() | |
# pr.enable() | |
for i in range(1, NB_IMAGES): | |
for oid, s in enumerate(snakes): | |
h = s["h"] | |
d = s["d"] | |
h_, d_ = next_head(ttls, h, d) | |
s["h"] = h_ | |
s["d"] = d_ | |
x,y,z = h_ | |
ttls[x][y][z] = TTL | |
oids[x][y][z] = oid+1 | |
for index, ttl in np.ndenumerate(ttls): | |
new_ttl = max(0, ttl-1) | |
ttls[index] = new_ttl | |
if new_ttl == 0: | |
oids[index] = 0 | |
filename = f'{i:03}.png' | |
draw_png(ttls, oids, filename, draw_grid=True, draw_box=True) | |
print(filename) | |
# pr.disable() | |
# s = io.StringIO() | |
# sortby = SortKey.CUMULATIVE | |
# ps = pstats.Stats(pr, stream=s).sort_stats(sortby) | |
# ps.print_stats() | |
# print(s.getvalue()) | |
draw_gif("iso7.gif") | |
if __name__ == "__main__": | |
main() | |
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