peter-leonov

async/await is just the do-notation of the Promise monad

CertSimple just wrote a blog post arguing ES2017's async/await was the best thing to happen with JavaScript. I wholeheartedly agree.

In short, one of the (few?) good things about JavaScript used to be how well it handled asynchronous requests. This was mostly thanks to its Scheme-inherited implementation of functions and closures. That, though, was also one of its worst faults, because it led to the "callback hell", an seemingly unavoidable pattern that made highly asynchronous JS code almost unreadable. Many solutions attempted to solve that, but most failed. Promises almost did it, but failed too. Finally, async/await is here and, combined with Promises, it solves the problem for good. On this post, I'll explain why that is the case and trace a link between promises, async/await, the do-notation and monads.

First, let's illustrate the 3 styles by implementing

peter-leonov

/* ----------------------------------------- *
        Lazy List Implementation
* ----------------------------------------- */

// Haskell-like infinite List, implemented with es6 generators

// Lazyness lets you do crazy stuff like
List.range(0, Infinity)
  .drop(1000)
  .map(n => -n)

peter-leonov

const CODE_A = "A".charCodeAt(0);
const CODE_a = "a".charCodeAt(0);
const CODE_0 = "0".charCodeAt(0);
const CODE_p = "+".charCodeAt(0);
const CODE_s = "/".charCodeAt(0);

// Dear v8, inline this please
const toA = (n) =>
  n === 63
    ? CODE_s

peter-leonov

foo / 1 + 2 * 3 + 4 ; bar = /rex1/ /* bla-bla */ / /rex2/

// gives this naive AST
({
  type: 'program',
  body: [
    {
      type: 'statement',
      body: {
        type: 'expression',

peter-leonov

class RootScope {
  constructor() {
    this.map = new Map();
  }

  add(name, value) {
    return this.map.set(name, value);
  }

  set(name, value) {

peter-leonov

async function main() {
  async function f1() {
    return new Promise((res) => {
      setTimeout(() => {
        res("1.1");
      }, 1000);
    });
  }

  async function f2() {

peter-leonov

// timer.js

function main(global) {
  global.mySetTimeout(function () {
    console.log("500ms");
  }, 500);

  global.mySetTimeout(function () {
    console.log("100ms");
  }, 100);

peter-leonov

const { openSync, readSync } = require('fs')

const DEV_RANDOM = openSync('/dev/random')

function getVeryRandomString(length) {
  const buf = Buffer.alloc(length)
  readSync(DEV_RANDOM, buf, 0, length)
  return buf.toString()
}

peter-leonov

// lib

const sleep = t => new Promise(res => setTimeout(res, t));
const getRandom = () => sleep(100).then(() => Math.random());

// native solution

async function getRandomsNative(count) {
  await sleep(100);
  const randoms = [];

peter-leonov

docker run ruby ruby -e 'loop { fork { fork { sleep 0.1 } } }'