StartUpHubTokyo Pythonプログラミング講座 練習ノート 20210228

training.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 現役高校教員が教えるPythonプログラミング講座"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 代表的なショートカットコマンド(かっこ内はMAC)\n",
    "\n",
    "|操作内容\t|コマンド\t|\n",
    "|:-----------|:------------:|\n",
    "|セルを実行し、下のセルに移動する\t|Shift　+　Enter|\n",
    "|セルを実行する\t|Ctrl(⌘)　+　Enter|\n",
    "|セルを実行し、下にセルを追加する\t|Alt　+　Enter|\n",
    "|コメントアウト\t|Ctrl(⌘) + ／|\n",
    "|上にセルを追加する\t|Ctrl(⌘) + m -> a|\n",
    "|下にセルを追加する\t|Ctrl(⌘) + m -> b|\n",
    "|選択しているセルをカット\t|Ctrl(⌘) + m -> d|"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "### このセルの上にセルを追加してみよう。\n",
    "### このセルの下にセルを追加してみよう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## プログラムを実行してみよう"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "5 + 7"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(3 + 6)\n",
    "print(9 + 2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Python\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(\"1 + 1 =\", 1 + 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# キーボード入力\n",
    "\n",
    "input(\"入力してください : \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 変数を使おう"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "文字式$x+5$について、$x$の値を変えて変化を見てみよう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#x+5のxに2を代入する\n",
    "#イコールの左に変数を、イコールの右に代入したい数をかく\n",
    "x = 2\n",
    "\n",
    "x + 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#xにx+2を代入する。\n",
    "x = 5\n",
    "\n",
    "x = x + 2\n",
    "\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#xに2を足す。\n",
    "x = 5\n",
    "\n",
    "x += 2\n",
    "\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#xに2を引く。\n",
    "x = 5\n",
    "\n",
    "x -= 2\n",
    "\n",
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#変数xに'py'を代入し、定数'thon'と連結する。\n",
    "x = 'py'\n",
    "\n",
    "x + 'thon'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 問題1\n",
    "次のとおりプログラムを書いてみよう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "あなたの誕生日の月をmに代入し、日をdに代入してください。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "m = \n",
    "d = "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "mを2倍して、さらに5を足した結果をmmに代入してください。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "mm = "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "mmに50をかけて、dを足し、さらに250を引いてください。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "最後に出力された結果があなたの誕生日になっていれば、プログラムがうまく書けています。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## IF文"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "$n$が20以上であれば「成年」を表示しましょう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 「if」の後にはコロン「:」をつける。\n",
    "# 「if」の処理の中身の記述する際は、インデントをつける。\n",
    "    \n",
    "n = 30\n",
    "\n",
    "if n >= 20:\n",
    "    print(\"成年\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# n = 15にしてみる。\n",
    "    \n",
    "n = 15\n",
    "\n",
    "if n >= 20:\n",
    "    print(\"成年\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "$n$が20以上であれば「成年」を表示し、そうでなければ「未成年」を表示しましょう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 「else」の後も「if」と同じように、コロン「:」やインデントをつける。\n",
    "\n",
    "n = 30\n",
    "\n",
    "if n >= 20:\n",
    "    print(\"成年\")\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(\"未成年\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "$n$が20未満であれば「未成年」を表示し、20であれば「はたち」と表示し、そうでなければ「成年」を表示しましょう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# nの値を変えて、何度か試してみましょう。\n",
    "\n",
    "n = 10\n",
    "\n",
    "if n < 20:\n",
    "    print(\"未成年\")\n",
    "elif n == 20:\n",
    "    print(\"はたち\")\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(\"成年\")\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 論理演算\n",
    "論理積(AND条件)、論理和(OR条件)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## まずはbool型の説明\n",
    "\n",
    "5 == 5 # 真"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "5 == 6 # 偽"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## いずれかが真なら、真になるのがOR条件\n",
    "\n",
    "if 1 == 2 or 1 == 1:\n",
    "    print(\"A\")\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(\"B\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "## いずれも真なら、真になるのがAND条件\n",
    "\n",
    "if 1 == 2 and 1 == 1:\n",
    "    print(\"A\")\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(\"B\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## FOR文"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "range(<数値>)の使い方"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#range(10)で0から10までの範囲を作ることができる\n",
    "range(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#range(10)の範囲の中身は、0以上10未満の整数\n",
    "for n in range(10):\n",
    "    print(n)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#range(1, 10)で1から10までの範囲を作ることができる\n",
    "range(1, 10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#range(1, 10)の範囲の中身は、1以上10未満の整数\n",
    "for n in range(1, 10):\n",
    "    print(n)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#range(1,10,2)で、2ごとに増える1から10までの範囲を作ることができる\n",
    "range(1,10,2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#range(1,10)の範囲の中身は、2ごとに増える1以上10未満の整数\n",
    "for n in range(1,10,2):\n",
    "    print(n)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 問題2\n",
    "次のとおりプログラムを書いてみよう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "1から100までの奇数を表示しましょう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "1から100までの奇数のうち3の倍数のみを表示しましょう。<br>\n",
    "ヒント : 5 % 3 ・・・　5を3で割った余りを算出(この場合は2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 繰り返す回数が決まっていない場合はWhileを使う。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 1から1ずつ増えていくが、9を超えたら終わる。\n",
    "\n",
    "i = 1\n",
    "\n",
    "while i <= 9:\n",
    "    print(i)\n",
    "    i += 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# こんなやりかたもある\n",
    "\n",
    "i = 1\n",
    "\n",
    "while True:\n",
    "    print(i)\n",
    "    i += 1\n",
    "    if i > 9:\n",
    "        break"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## おみくじをつくろう。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "raw_mimetype": "text/markdown"
   },
   "source": [
    "> 作業手順\n",
    "1. 乱数を発生させる。\n",
    "1. 乱数とおみくじの関係を定義する。\n",
    "1. 連続してひく。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> おみくじの種類は以下の通りにします。  \n",
    "大吉、中吉、小吉、末吉、凶"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "1.乱数を発生させる。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import random\n",
    "\n",
    "i = random.randint(0,4)\n",
    "\n",
    "i"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "2.乱数とおみくじの関係を定義する。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#-----------------乱数----------------\n",
    "\n",
    "i = random.randint(0,4)\n",
    "\n",
    "#-----------------乱数----------------\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#------------------- i をおみくじとして解釈して表示する　-------------------\n",
    "# 相手の手の確認\n",
    "if i == 0:\n",
    "    print(\"大吉\")\n",
    "elif i == 1:\n",
    "    print(\"中吉\")\n",
    "・・・\n",
    "#------------------- i をおみくじとして解釈して表示する　-------------------"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "3.連続してひく。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "while True:\n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    #-----------------乱数----------------\n",
    "\n",
    "    i = random.randint(0,4)\n",
    "\n",
    "    #-----------------乱数----------------\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "    #------------------- i をおみくじとして解釈して表示する　-------------------\n",
    "    # 相手の手の確認\n",
    "    if i == 0:\n",
    "        omikuji = \"大吉\"\n",
    "    elif i == 1:\n",
    "        omikuji = \"中吉\"\n",
    "    elif i == 2:\n",
    "        omikuji = \"小吉\"\n",
    "    elif i == 3:\n",
    "        omikuji = \"末吉\"\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        omikuji = \"凶\"\n",
    "    \n",
    "    print(\"###\" * 8)\n",
    "    print(\"###\", omikuji, \" がでました\", \"###\")\n",
    "    print(\"###\" * 8)\n",
    "    #------------------- i をおみくじとして解釈して表示する　-------------------\n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    ##################################################### \n",
    "    ###  勝敗がついたらwhileのループを抜けてください。###\n",
    "    #####################################################   \n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    next = input(\"もう一回引く場合は「Y」を押してください！！\\n\")\n",
    "\n",
    "    \n",
    "    #####　↓↓IF文でループを抜ける処理をかく↓↓　#####\n",
    "    \n",
    "\n",
    "    \n",
    "    #####　↑↑IF文でループを抜ける処理をかく↑↑　#####        \n",
    "\n",
    "        \n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n"
   ]
  }
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