For the flavor base:
- 15 dried japones chiles or 10 dried chiles de árbol or 3 Tbs. sambal oelek
- 1-1/2 cups sliced shallots (from 4 large shallots)
- 2 Tbs. sliced garlic
- 1 Tbs. sliced peeled fresh ginger
- 1 Tbs. chopped fresh or frozen and thawed galangal (optional)
For the whole spice blend: