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| 3rd octet -> | 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4th octet -> | 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| network 1 | start address | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| network 1 | end address | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| network 2 | start address | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| network 2 | end address | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| network 3 | start address | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| network 3 | end address | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| network 4 | start address | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| network 4 | end address | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
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| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4th octet -> | 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | etc | ||
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
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| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2^7 | 2^6 | 2^5 | 2^4 | 2^3 | 2^2 | 2^1 | 2^0 | |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
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| 2^7 | 2^6 | 2^5 | 2^4 | 2^3 | 2^2 | 2^1 | 2^0 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
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| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2^7 | 2^6 | 2^5 | 2^4 | 2^3 | 2^2 | 2^1 | 2^0 | |
| 128 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
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| subnet mask notation | CIDR notation | available hosts | class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0.0.0 | /0 | 4294967294 | the internet | |
| 255.0.0.0 | /8 | 16777214 | Class A | |
| 255.255.0.0 | /16 | 65533 | Class B | |
| 255.255.255.0 | /24 | 254 | Class C |