Example (Text to Morse Code) Using For Loops - Using Coding 101 - Episode 03

gistfile1.txt

using System;

namespace SquareIguana.Coding101.Example.E03
{
    /* Example on what was learned on Coding 101 - Episode 03 - For Loops
     * I made the example trying not to use "advanced" concepts, and only what the episode was trying to teach.
     * 
     * I couldn't think of something interesting using only for loops, I could have use the animations of my last
     * example and use for loops instead of while loops, but that is not interesting, so I did a basic animation
     * of text like we see in some movies that the computer writes text, like a human, like in the Matrix, with
     * Wake Up, NEO... but that is not enough so I made a Text to Morse Code translator
     * 
     * The most useful thing in the example, I think is the text animation using array, but a cooler thing is
     * if you uncomment the If statements you can hear the translated Morse Code, I didn't include them by default
     * in the code, because If statements where not discussed on this episode or on previous ones, but it is a cool
     * thing to hear the morse code, and the if statement is not complicated.
     * 
     * This was built with the knowledge learned from Episode 01-03 and my last Example: https://gist.github.com/squareiguana/9115655
     * 
     * I'm going out of my way to use only the simple concepts, this definitely needs a refactor once they go into
     * more "advanced" topics like functions, classes, if statemens, etc. maybe I'll do a refactor or several, after 
     * some of those topics to show a more cleaner code.
     * 
     * Definition of Refactor: To rewrite existing source code in order to improve its readability, reusability or 
     * structure without affecting its meaning or behaviour.
     */

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int width = 80;
            int height = 25;
            string BorderCharacter = "◄►";
            int border = BorderCharacter.Length;
            ConsoleColor white = ConsoleColor.White;
            ConsoleColor black = ConsoleColor.Black;
            ConsoleColor gray = ConsoleColor.Gray;
            ConsoleColor cyan = ConsoleColor.DarkCyan;
            ConsoleColor green = ConsoleColor.DarkGreen;
            ConsoleColor red = ConsoleColor.DarkRed;
            ConsoleColor blue = ConsoleColor.DarkBlue;
            ConsoleColor yellow = ConsoleColor.DarkYellow;

            Console.Title = "Coding 101 - C# E03 - Using For Loops And Arrays";
            Console.SetWindowSize(width, height);
            Console.BufferWidth = width;
            Console.BufferHeight = height;
            Console.BackgroundColor = white;
            Console.ForegroundColor = white;
            Console.Clear();


            // Same code for Drawing the Border of last example, except using for instead of while, and removing Thread.Sleep
            Console.BackgroundColor = gray;
            Console.ForegroundColor = red;
            for(int cursor = 0; cursor < width - border; cursor += border)
            {
                Console.SetCursorPosition(cursor, 0);
                Console.Write(BorderCharacter);
                Console.SetCursorPosition(cursor, height - 1);
                Console.Write(BorderCharacter);

                // Still no If..Else Statements, Oh well... This "hack" will have to do
                // The code below ↓ will work only for a Lenght of 1 or 2 Characters in the var BorderCharacters...                
                Console.SetCursorPosition(cursor, border - 1);
                Console.Write(BorderCharacter);
                Console.SetCursorPosition(cursor, height - border);
                Console.Write(BorderCharacter);
            }

            for (int cursor = 0; cursor < height - 1; cursor++)
            {
                Console.SetCursorPosition(0, cursor);
                Console.Write(BorderCharacter);
                Console.SetCursorPosition(width - border, cursor);
                Console.Write(BorderCharacter);
            }
            
            // This is to write the right lower corner without going to the next line and loosing the first line
            Console.BufferWidth = Console.BufferWidth + 1; // Enlarge buffer width in order to prevent it from going to the next line
            Console.SetCursorPosition(width - border, height - 1);
            Console.Write(BorderCharacter);
            Console.BufferWidth = Console.BufferWidth - 1; // Restore buffer to the original size


            string headerTop = " ╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗ ";
            string headerFill = " ║ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ║ ";
            string headerBottom = " ╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝ ";
            int headerWidth = headerTop.Length;
            int headerHeight = 5;
            int padding = ((width - (headerWidth + (border * 2))) / 2) + border;

            Console.BackgroundColor = black;
            Console.ForegroundColor = white;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border);
            Console.Write(headerTop);
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + 1);
            Console.Write(headerFill);
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + 2);
            Console.Write(headerFill);
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + 3);
            Console.Write(headerFill);
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + 4);
            Console.Write(headerBottom);

            string headerText = " CODING 101 - Example Using E03 "; // Empty spaces before and after text to make it look better
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding + (headerWidth / 2) - (headerText.Length / 2), border + 2);
            Console.Write(headerText);

            
            Console.ForegroundColor = black;
            Console.BackgroundColor = white;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 1);
            string firstText = "What Do You Want To Say In Morse Code: ";

            for (int i = 0; i < firstText.Length; i++)
                {
                    Console.Write(firstText[i]);
                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(65);
                }

            string textToConvert = Console.ReadLine();

            // Morse Code Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code
            Char[] characters = new Char[] {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G','H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 
                'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 
                '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 
                '.', ',', '?', '\'', '!', '/', '(', ')', '&', ':', ';', 
                '=', '+', '-', '_', '"', '$', '@', ' ',
                '#', '%', '*', '<', '>', '[', '\\', ']', '^', '`', '{', '|', '}', '~'};
            
            String[] morseCodeRepresentation = new String[] {"·–", "–···", "–·–·", "–··", "·", "··–·", "––·", "····", "··", "·–––", "–·–", 
                "·–··", "––", "–·", "–––", "·––·", "––·–", "·–·", "···", "–", "··–", "···–", "·––", "–··–", "–·––", "––··", 
                "–––––", "·––––", "··–––", "···––", "····–", "·····", "–····", "––···", "–––··", "––––·", 
                "·–·–·–", "––··––", "··––··", "·––––·", "–·–·––", "–··–·", "–·––·", "–·––·–", "·–···", "–––···", "–·–·–·", 
                "–···–", "·–·–·", "–····–", "··––·–", "·–··–·", "···–··–", "·––·–·", " ",
                "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA", "NA"};
            // NA is Not Available, this are some of the common characters that are not available on Morse Code,
            // This was necessary to cover the basis because the program will crash if an input character is not in the
            // characters array, the fix to this problem is a simple If statement, but that was not the topic of this episode


            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, Console.CursorTop);
            Console.ForegroundColor = blue;
            Console.CursorVisible = false;
            string secondText = string.Format("We are about to translate '{0}' to Morse Code", textToConvert);

            for (int i = 0; i < secondText.Length; i++)
            {
                Console.Write(secondText[i]);
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
            }
           

            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, Console.CursorTop + 1);
            Console.ForegroundColor = green;
            Console.Write("The Morse Code is: ");

            
            Console.BackgroundColor = black;
            Console.ForegroundColor = white;
            textToConvert = textToConvert.ToUpper();
            string morseCodeForLetter = "";
            int arrayIndex = -1; // -1 is Not Found for Array.IndexOf
            int duration = 100;

            for (int i = 0; i <= textToConvert.Length - 1; i++)
            {
                // This Will Crash if you input a character Not found in the character Array, I tried to cover the basis,
                // but still, without if staments there is not much we can do, :
                arrayIndex = Array.IndexOf(characters, textToConvert[i]);
                // The potential Crash of the program can be fix if you uncomment the line below ↓
                //if (arrayIndex == -1 || morseCodeRepresentation[arrayIndex].Equals("NA")) continue;
                morseCodeForLetter = morseCodeRepresentation[arrayIndex];

                // With If statments we can do more cool things like make the sounds
                // Uncomment the code below ↓ to also do the classic morse code beeping sounds
                //for (int x = 0; x <= morseCodeForLetter.Length - 1; x++)
                //{
                //    if (morseCodeForLetter[x].Equals('·'))
                //    {
                //        Console.Beep(700, duration);
                //    }
                //    else if (morseCodeForLetter[x].Equals('–'))
                //    {
                //        Console.Beep(700, duration * 3);
                //    }
                //    else if (morseCodeForLetter[x].Equals(" "))
                //    {
                //        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(duration * 7);
                //    }

                //    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(duration);
                //}

                Console.Write(morseCodeForLetter);
            }
            
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);


            Console.BackgroundColor = red;
            Console.ForegroundColor = white;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding + 2, border + 2);
            string over = " EXAMPLE IS NOW OVER ";
            Console.MoveBufferArea(padding + 3, border + 1, headerWidth - (3 * 2), 1, padding + 3, border + 2, '▒', white, black);
            Console.SetCursorPosition((headerWidth / 2) - (over.Length / 2) + padding, border + 2);
            Console.Write(over);

            
            Console.BackgroundColor = white;
            Console.ForegroundColor = green;
            padding = ((width - (68 + (border * 2))) / 2) + border;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 1);
            Console.Write(" ██████╗ ██████╗ ██████╗ ██╗███╗   ██╗ ██████╗      ██╗ ██████╗  ██╗");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 2);
            Console.Write("██╔════╝██╔═══██╗██╔══██╗██║████╗  ██║██╔════╝     ███║██╔═████╗███║");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 3);
            Console.Write("██║     ██║   ██║██║  ██║██║██╔██╗ ██║██║  ███╗    ╚██║██║██╔██║╚██║");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 4);
            Console.Write("██║     ██║   ██║██║  ██║██║██║╚██╗██║██║   ██║     ██║████╔╝██║ ██║");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 5);
            Console.Write("╚██████╗╚██████╔╝██████╔╝██║██║ ╚████║╚██████╔╝     ██║╚██████╔╝ ██║");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 6);
            Console.Write(" ╚═════╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═════╝ ╚═╝╚═╝  ╚═══╝ ╚═════╝      ╚═╝ ╚═════╝  ╚═╝");

            Console.ForegroundColor = black;
            padding = ((width - (65 + (border * 2))) / 2) + border;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 8);
            Console.Write("╦ ╦┬┌┬┐┬ ┬  ╔═╗┬─┐   ╦═╗┌─┐┌┐ ┌─┐┬─┐┌┬┐  ╔╗ ┌─┐┬  ┬  ┌─┐┌─┐┌─┐┬─┐");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 9);
            Console.Write("║║║│ │ ├─┤  ╠╣ ├┬┘   ╠╦╝│ │├┴┐├┤ ├┬┘ │   ╠╩╗├─┤│  │  ├┤ │  ├┤ ├┬┘");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 10);
            Console.Write("╚╩╝┴ ┴ ┴ ┴  ╚  ┴└─o  ╩╚═└─┘└─┘└─┘┴└─ ┴   ╚═╝┴ ┴┴─┘┴─┘└─┘└─┘└─┘┴└─");

            padding = ((width - (49 + (border * 2))) / 2) + border;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 11);
            Console.Write("┌─┐┌┐┌┌┬┐  ╔═╗┬ ┬┌─┐┌┐┌┌┐┌┌─┐┌┐┌  ╔╦╗┌─┐┬─┐┌─┐┌─┐");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 12);
            Console.Write("├─┤│││ ││  ╚═╗├─┤├─┤│││││││ ││││  ║║║│ │├┬┘└─┐├┤ ");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 13);
            Console.Write("┴ ┴┘└┘─┴┘  ╚═╝┴ ┴┴ ┴┘└┘┘└┘└─┘┘└┘  ╩ ╩└─┘┴└─└─┘└─┘");

            Console.BackgroundColor = black;
            Console.ForegroundColor = green;
            padding = ((width - (61 + (border * 2))) / 2) + border;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 15);
            Console.Write("  /')  _/_  (   /_ _ _ '  _  --   /       /|/| _ _ _  _ _ _  ");
            Console.SetCursorPosition(padding, border + headerHeight + 16);
            Console.Write(" (__()(/(-  |/|/(// / /()/   --  (__()(/ /   |(// (-_) ( (/  ");


            Console.BackgroundColor = white;
            Console.ForegroundColor = white;
            Console.SetCursorPosition(border, border + 19);
            Console.Read(); //Pause, doesn't matter what is written is on a white line so it doesn't show, unless it's more than 80 characters
        }
    }
}