- Moved: 8 questions
- Added: 26 questions
- Removed: 29 questions
- Changed: 69 questions
Questions that changed ID but have the same content:
- T2A06 → T1D12
- T8D02 → T2B14
- T4B12 → T4B04
- T5A12 → T5A04
- T5C13 → T5C06
- T6A12 → T6A09
- T8D13 → T8D02
- T9A12 → T9A09
How do you receive official notification of your new license and call sign after passing the exam?
- A. Email from the FCC with a link to download the license grant
- B. USPS First-Class Mail from the FCC
- C. Email from the lead volunteer examiner
- D. USPS First-Class Mail from the lead volunteer examiner
Correct Answer: A
Completely new question
On which of the following HF frequencies can automatically controlled amateur propagation beacons be found?
- A. Anywhere in the Technician portion of 10 meters
- B. Anywhere, if they are registered with the FCC
- C. In a specific portion of each of the HF Technician bands
- D. On ten meters, between 28.200 MHz and 28.300 MHz
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T1A06:
What is the FCC Part 97 definition of a beacon?
- T1A06:
Besides an FCC-issued amateur operator license, what is required to be the control operator of a Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES) Station?
- A. A written recommendation by the local ARRL Emergency Coordinator
- B. Membership in the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES)
- C. Certification of current enrollment by a civil defense organization
- D. Nothing
Correct Answer: C
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T1A10:
What is the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)?
- T1A10:
Which of the following is prohibited?
- A. International communications on VHF bands and higher frequencies
- B. Willful or malicious interference
- C. Third-party traffic using digital modes
- D. All these choices are correct
Correct Answer: B
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T1A11:
When is willful interference to other amateur radio stations permitted?
- T1A11:
Which of the following bands include frequencies where Technicians are authorized to use digital modes such as FT8?
- A. 10 meters
- B. 6 meters
- C. 2 meters
- D. All these choices are correct
Correct Answer: D
Completely new question
Which of the following statements is true about using your amateur radio license when operating aboard a vessel or craft in international waters?
- A. Amateur operation is prohibited in international waters
- B. You may only operate during maritime emergencies
- C. You need special FCC authorization for maritime mobile operation
- D. You may operate from a US-documented vessel with the master's permission
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T1C06:
From which of the following locations may an FCC-licensed amateur station transmit?
- T1C06:
How long before the expiration date may an amateur radio license renewal be requested?
- A. 30 days
- B. 90 days
- C. 6 months
- D. 1 year
Correct Answer: B
Completely new question
Which of the following is an example of an auxiliary station?
- A. A station sending one-way transmissions between a remote repeater receiver and the main repeater transmitter
- B. A backup radio for emergency use in case the main station radio fails
- C. A station used in the Military Auxiliary Radio System for linking government and amateur stations in a digital network
- D. A second station utilized in multi-operator contest stations
Correct Answer: A
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T1D07:
What types of amateur stations can automatically retransmit the signals of other amateur stations?
- T1D07:
Which amateur stations may be remotely controlled?
- A. Only repeater stations
- B. Only automatically controlled stations
- C. Only digital stations
- D. Any station
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T1D07:
What types of amateur stations can automatically retransmit the signals of other amateur stations? - T1E09:
Which of the following are required for remote control operation?
- T1D07:
What is a control operator as defined in Part 97?
- A. The person speaking or otherwise communicating messages over an amateur station
- B. The person who is the licensee of an amateur station
- C. An amateur operator identified in the FCC database as responsible for transmissions and FCC rules compliance at a station license location
- D. An amateur operator designated by the licensee of a station to be responsible for transmissions and FCC rules compliance at that station
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T1E09:
Which of the following are required for remote control operation? - T1E11:
Who does the FCC presume to be the control operator of an amateur station, unless documentation to the contrary is in the station records?
- T1E09:
What is an effective way to seek a call from any phone station when not using a repeater?
- A. Sign your call sign once, followed by the words “listening for a call;” if there is no answer, change the frequency and repeat
- B. Say “QTC,” followed by “this is” and your call sign; if there is no answer, change the frequency and repeat
- C. Transmit an unmodulated carried for approximately 10 seconds, followed by “this is” and your call sign, and pause to listen; repeat as necessary
- D. Repeat “CQ” a few times, followed by “this is,” and your call sign, then pause to listen; repeat as necessary
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T2A12:
What should you do before calling CQ?
- T2A12:
What is the digital color code used on DMR repeater systems?
- A. An access code which must be programmed into a DMR transmitter to access a specific repeater
- B. A code which automatically programs the repeater offset to a frequency chosen by the user
- C. A code which identifies the specific CODEC being used so that the repeater can properly decode the audio
- D. A code transmitted by the repeater to indicate health and status of the equipment
Correct Answer: A
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T2B12:
What is the purpose of the color code used on DMR repeater systems?
- T2B12:
Which of the following relays messages using email addresses based on amateur callsigns?
- A. Winlink
- B. FT8
- C. PSK31
- D. AMTOR
Correct Answer: A
Completely new question
Which of the following requires certification by a civil defense agency?
- A. ARES
- B. RACES
- C. MARS
- D. SKYWARN
Correct Answer: B
Resembles from previous pool:
- Replaces:
- T1A10:
What is the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)?
- T1A10:
Which of these frequencies travels at the highest velocity in free space?
- A. Microwaves
- B. UHF
- C. VHF
- D. All radio frequencies travel at the same velocity
Correct Answer: D
Completely new question
What is a DMR “code plug”?
- A. An adapter cable used to connect a DMR radio to a computer for internet access
- B. Configuration data loaded onto your radio to access repeaters and talkgroups
- C. An upgrade to DMR programming software provided by the radio manufacturer to accommodate new radio models
- D. A Coder-Decoder (CODEC) that converts analog voice data to DMR digital data and vice versa
Correct Answer: B
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T2B12:
What is the purpose of the color code used on DMR repeater systems? - T4B04:
What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency or channel on your transceiver? - T4B07:
What does a DMR “code plug” contain?
- T2B12:
What does the term gain mean in amplifiers?
- A. The output signal voltage relative to the input signal voltage
- B. The output signal current relative to the input signal current
- C. The output signal power relative to the input signal power
- D. All these choices are correct
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T6B11:
What is the term that describes a device's ability to amplify a signal?
- T6B11:
What is the function of the Variable Frequency Oscillator (VFO) circuit in a transceiver?
- A. Set the receive and transmit frequency
- B. Provide automatic frequency control
- C. Inject a variable frequency to allow CW reception
- D. Generate and demodulate single sideband signals
Correct Answer: A
Completely new question
Which of the following might be the cause of low RF power output from a solid-state transceiver?
- A. Poor amplifier noise figure
- B. Poor amplifier linearity
- C. Low SWR
- D. High SWR
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T9B01:
What is a benefit of low SWR?
- T9B01:
Which of the following can eliminate distorted voice transmissions?
- A. Adding extra feedline to the antenna to lower SWR
- B. Turning the radio on and off to reset the computer-controlled circuitry
- C. Adding a clip-on ferrite “choke” to the microphone cable to prevent the transmitted signal from feeding back into the transmitter
- D. Turning the squelch control fully clockwise to prevent the transmitted signal from triggering the squelch circuit
Correct Answer: C
Resembles from previous pool:
- Related to:
- T7B04:
Which of the following could you use to cure distorted audio caused by RF current on the shield of a microphone cable? - T7B11:
What is a symptom of RF feedback in a transmitter or transceiver?
- T7B04:
What is an advantage of foam-dielectric versus solid-dielectric coaxial cable?
- A. It is more resistant to moisture contamination
- B. It has higher voltage breakdown
- C. It has less loss per foot
- D. It has a better impedance match to 50 ohms
Correct Answer: C
Completely new question
How does an ohmmeter measure the resistance of a circuit or component?
- A. By applying a small current and measuring the resulting voltage
- B. By placing a variable resistor in parallel with the circuit
- C. By placing a variable resistor in series with the circuit
- D. By applying a variable voltage and measuring the resulting current change
Correct Answer: A
Completely new question
What does the term LEO mean in reference to communication satellites?
- A. Low Energy Orbit, which conserves battery power
- B. Low Elevation Orbit, which appears close to the horizon from the earth station
- C. Low Equilibrium Orbit, which has a slightly unstable period
- D. Low Earth Orbit, which has a period of around 100 minutes
Correct Answer: D
Resembles from previous pool:
- Replaces:
- T8B10:
What is a LEO satellite?
- T8B10:
How is the polarization of an antenna described?
- A. By the shape of the driven element
- B. By the orientation of the electric field
- C. By the orientation of the magnetic field
- D. By the direction of radiation
Correct Answer: B
Resembles from previous pool:
- Replaces:
- T9A03:
Which of the following describes a simple dipole oriented parallel to Earth's surface?
- T9A03:
Why is a 19-inch-long vertical antenna often used on 2 meters?
- A. It has high gain
- B. It is a resonant half-wave
- C. It is a resonant quarter-wave
- D. It has low RF radiation exposure
Correct Answer: C
Resembles from previous pool:
- Replaces:
- T9A08:
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a quarter-wavelength vertical antenna for 146 MHz?
- T9A08:
- Related to:
- T9A09:
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a half-wavelength 6 meter dipole antenna?
- T9A09:
Which of the following connectors should be carefully taped for weather protection when used outdoors?
- A. PL259
- B. BNC
- C. Type N
- D. All these choices are correct
Correct Answer: D
Completely new question
Questions from the previous pool that are no longer present:
How many operator/primary station license grants may be held by any one person?
Answer: One
What is the FCC Part 97 definition of a beacon?
Answer: An amateur station transmitting communications for the purposes of observing propagation or related experimental activities
What is the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)?
Answer: All choices are correct
- A. A radio service using amateur frequencies for emergency management or civil defense communications
- B. A radio service using amateur stations for emergency management or civil defense communications
- C. An emergency service using amateur operators certified by a civil defense organization as being enrolled in that organization
- D. All these choices are correct
When is willful interference to other amateur radio stations permitted?
Answer: At no time
How may amateurs use the 219 to 220 MHz segment of 1.25 meter band?
Answer: Fixed digital message forwarding systems only
From which of the following locations may an FCC-licensed amateur station transmit?
Answer: From any vessel or craft located in international waters and documented or registered in the United States
Which of the following can result in revocation of the station license or suspension of the operator license?
Answer: Failure to provide and maintain a correct email address with the FCC
What types of amateur stations can automatically retransmit the signals of other amateur stations?
Answer: Repeater, auxiliary, or space stations
Which of the following are required for remote control operation?
Answer: All choices are correct
- A. The control operator must be at the control point
- B. A control operator is required at all times
- C. The control operator must indirectly manipulate the controls
- D. All these choices are correct
Who does the FCC presume to be the control operator of an amateur station, unless documentation to the contrary is in the station records?
Answer: The station licensee
What should you do before calling CQ?
Answer: All choices are correct
- A. Listen first to be sure that no one else is using the frequency
- B. Ask if the frequency is in use
- C. Make sure you are authorized to use that frequency
- D. All these choices are correct
What is the purpose of the color code used on DMR repeater systems?
Answer: Must match the repeater color code for access
Which of the following is a characteristic of good traffic handling?
Answer: Passing messages exactly as received
What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency or channel on your transceiver?
Answer: Store it in a memory channel
What does a DMR “code plug” contain?
Answer: Access information for repeaters and talkgroups
What are the units of electrical resistance?
Answer: Ohms
What does the abbreviation “RF” mean?
Answer: Radio frequency signals of all types
What electrical component is used to protect other circuit components from current overloads?
Answer: Fuse
What is the term that describes a device's ability to amplify a signal?
Answer: Gain
Where is an RF preamplifier installed?
Answer: Between the antenna and receiver
Which of the following could you use to cure distorted audio caused by RF current on the shield of a microphone cable?
Answer: Ferrite choke
What is a symptom of RF feedback in a transmitter or transceiver?
Answer: Reports of garbled, distorted, or unintelligible voice transmissions
What is a disadvantage of air core coaxial cable when compared to foam or solid dielectric types?
Answer: It requires special techniques to prevent moisture in the cable
(Withdrawn 2022-01-17): How is an ohmmeter connected to a component to measure its resistance?
Answer: In parallel
What is a LEO satellite?
Answer: A satellite in low earth orbit
Which of the following describes a simple dipole oriented parallel to Earth's surface?
Answer: A horizontally polarized antenna
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a quarter-wavelength vertical antenna for 146 MHz?
Answer: 19
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a half-wavelength 6 meter dipole antenna?
Answer: 112
What is a benefit of low SWR?
Answer: Reduced signal loss
Questions with the same ID but different content:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following entities recommends transmit/receive channels and other parameters for auxiliary and repeater stations?
New:
Who recommends transmit/receive channels for repeater and auxiliary stations?
- Answer:
- Was:
Volunteer Frequency Coordinator recognized by local amateurs - Now:
A Volunteer Frequency Coordinator recognized by local amateurs
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Frequency Spectrum Manager appointed by the FCC - Now:
A Frequency Spectrum Manager appointed by the FCC
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
FCC Regional Field Office - Now:
An FCC Regional Field Office
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
International Telecommunication Union - Now:
The International Telecommunication Union
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which amateurs may contact the International Space Station (ISS) on VHF bands?
New:
Which of the following U.S. amateur radio operators are allowed to contact the International Space Station (ISS) on VHF bands?
- Answer:
- Was:
Any amateur holding a Technician class or higher license - Now:
Any amateur with a Technician class or higher license
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Any amateur holding a General class or higher license - Now:
Only amateurs with a General class or higher license
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Any amateur holding a General class or higher license who has applied for and received approval from NASA - Now:
Only amateurs with a General class or higher license, and NASA approval
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Any amateur holding a Technician class or higher license who has applied for and received approval from NASA - Now:
Any amateurs with a Technician class or higher license, and NASA approval
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which frequency is in the 6 meter amateur band?
New:
Which frequency is in the 6-meter amateur band?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
For which license classes are new licenses currently available from the FCC?
New:
Which amateur license classes are currently issued by the FCC?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What types of international communications are an FCC-licensed amateur radio station permitted to make?
New:
What types of international communications are FCC-licensed amateur radio stations permitted to make?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following is a valid Technician class call sign format?
New:
Which of the following is a valid Group D call sign format for Technician class?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
When, under normal circumstances, may a Technician class licensee be the control operator of a station operating in an Amateur Extra Class band segment?
New:
When, other than during an emergency, may a Technician class licensee be the control operator of a station operating in an Amateur Extra Class band segment?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
When must the station and its records be available for FCC inspection?
New:
When must the station licensee make the station and the station records available for inspection?
- Answer:
At any time upon request by an FCC representative - Distractor:
At any time ten days after notification by the FCC of such an inspection - Distractor:
Only when presented with a valid warrant by an FCC official or government agent - Distractor:
- Was:
At any time after written notification by the FCC of such inspection - Now:
At any time after a written notification by the FCC of such inspection
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What language may you use for identification when operating in a phone sub-band?
New:
What language must you use for identification when using a phone emission?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following restrictions apply when a non-licensed person is allowed to speak to a foreign station using a station under the control of a licensed amateur operator?
New:
Which of the following restrictions apply when a non-licensed person speaks to a foreign amateur radio station via a station under the control of an FCC-licensed amateur radio operator?
- Answer:
- Was:
The foreign station must be in a country with which the U.S. has a third party agreement - Now:
The foreign station must be in a country with which the U.S. has a third-party agreement
- Was:
- Distractor:
The person must be a U.S. citizen - Distractor:
The licensed control operator must do the station identification - Distractor:
All these choices are correct
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the definition of third party communications?
New:
What is the definition of third-party communications?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is a common repeater frequency offset in the 2 meter band?
New:
What is a common repeater frequency offset in the 2-meter band?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the national calling frequency for FM simplex operations in the 2 meter band?
New:
What is the national calling frequency for FM simplex operations in the 2-meter band?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is a common repeater frequency offset in the 70 cm band?
New:
What is a common repeater frequency offset in the 70-centimeter band?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is meant by "repeater offset”?
New:
What does the term "repeater offset" mean?
- Answer:
The difference between a repeater’s transmit and receive frequencies - Distractor:
The repeater has a time delay to prevent interference - Distractor:
- Was:
The repeater station identification is done on a separate frequency - Now:
The approximately half-second delay to allow for the “squelch tail” to be removed
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
The number of simultaneous transmit frequencies used by a repeater - Now:
The fee charged by the repeater owner or club to provide for maintenance
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following indicates that a station is listening on a repeater and looking for a contact?
New:
Which of the following is a customary way to indicate a station is listening on a repeater and looking for a contact?
- Answer:
- Was:
The station’s call sign followed by the word “monitoring” - Now:
The station’s call sign followed by the word “listening”
- Was:
- Distractor:
“CQ CQ” followed by the repeater’s call sign - Distractor:
“QSY” followed by your call sign - Distractor:
- Was:
The repeater call sign followed by the station’s call sign - Now:
The repeater’s call sign followed by the station’s call sign
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
How is a VHF/UHF transceiver’s “reverse” function used?
New:
What is the purpose of the reverse function on a VHF/UHF transceiver?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What would cause your FM transmission audio to be distorted on voice peaks?
New:
Which of the following would cause your FM transmission audio to drop out on voice peaks?
- Answer:
You are talking too loudly - Distractor:
Your repeater offset is inverted - Distractor:
Your transmit power is too high - Distractor:
- Was:
You need to talk louder - Now:
Your FM deviation is too low
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What type of signaling uses pairs of audio tones?
New:
What type of signaling to a repeater uses two simultaneous audio tones?
- Answer:
DTMF - Distractor:
CTCSS - Distractor:
D-STAR - Distractor:
- Was:
GPRS - Now:
GMRS
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is a “talkgroup” on a DMR repeater?
New:
Which of the following is a “talkgroup”?
- Answer:
- Was:
A way for groups of users to share a channel at different times without hearing other users on the channel - Now:
An identifier used by DMR to organize radio traffic so that those who want to hear the group aren’t bothered by other radio traffic
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
A group of operators sharing common interests - Now:
A group of amateur radio operators who share email on a specific amateur radio topic
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
A protocol that increases the signal-to-noise ratio when multiple repeaters are linked together - Now:
The members of a net organized for amateur radio operators with a specific common interest
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
A net that meets at a specified time - Now:
A method of automatically alerting all group members to the frequency where any member is transmitting
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
When do FCC rules NOT apply to the operation of an amateur station?
New:
When do the FCC Part 97 Amateur Radio Service rules NOT apply to the operation of an amateur station?
- Answer:
FCC rules always apply - Distractor:
- Was:
When operating a RACES station - Now:
When operating under RACES rules
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
When operating under special FEMA rules - Now:
When operating under FEMA rules
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
When operating under special ARES rules - Now:
When operating under ARES rules
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the effect of vegetation on UHF and microwave signals?
New:
How does vegetation affect UHF and microwave signals?
- Answer:
- Was:
Absorption - Now:
Absorbs signals, leading to poor reception of weak signals
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Knife-edge diffraction - Now:
Causes knife-edge diffraction, distorting voice peaks
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Amplification - Now:
Amplifies signals, improving reception of weak signals
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Polarization rotation - Now:
Has no effect
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What happens when antennas at opposite ends of a VHF or UHF line of sight radio link are not using the same polarization?
New:
What is the effect of antenna cross-polarization over a line-of-sight VHF or UHF path?
- Answer:
Received signal strength is reduced - Distractor:
Signals have an echo effect - Distractor:
Nothing significant will happen - Distractor:
- Was:
The modulation sidebands might become inverted - Now:
Modulation sidebands might become inverted
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which region of the atmosphere can refract or bend HF and VHF radio waves?
New:
Which region of the atmosphere can reflect HF radio waves?
- Answer:
The ionosphere - Distractor:
The stratosphere - Distractor:
The troposphere - Distractor:
- Was:
The mesosphere - Now:
The electrosphere
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the effect of fog and rain on signals in the 10 meter and 6 meter bands?
New:
What effect does fog or rain have on 10-meter and 6-meter band signals?
- Answer:
- Was:
There is little effect - Now:
Little effect
- Was:
- Distractor:
Absorption - Distractor:
Deflection - Distractor:
- Was:
Range increase - Now:
Increased range
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is a characteristic of VHF signals received via auroral backscatter?
New:
What is one characteristic of VHF signals received via auroral backscatter?
- Answer:
- Was:
They are distorted and signal strength varies considerably - Now:
They are distorted, with a characteristic raspy sound
- Was:
- Distractor:
They are often received from 10,000 miles or more - Distractor:
They occur only during winter nighttime hours - Distractor:
They are generally strongest when your antenna is aimed west
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following types of propagation is most commonly associated with occasional strong signals on the 10, 6, and 2 meter bands from beyond the radio horizon?
New:
Which of the following types of propagation is most commonly associated with occasional strong signals on the 10-, 6-, and 2-meter bands from beyond the radio horizon?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is generally the best time for long-distance 10 meter band propagation via the F region?
New:
What is generally the best time for long-distance 10-meter band propagation via the F region?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following is an appropriate power supply rating for a typical 50 watt output mobile FM transceiver?
New:
Which of the following is an appropriate power supply rating for a typical 50-watt output mobile FM transceiver?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
How are the transceiver audio input and output connected in a station configured to operate using FT8?
New:
How are the audio input and output of a transceiver connected in a station configured to operate using FT8?
- Answer:
- Was:
To the audio input and output of a computer running WSJT-X software - Now:
To the audio output and input of a computer running FT8 software
- Was:
- Distractor:
To a computer running a terminal program and connected to a terminal node controller unit - Distractor:
To an FT8 conversion unit, a keyboard, and a computer monitor - Distractor:
To a computer connected to the FT8converter.com website
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following connections is made between a computer and a transceiver to use computer software when operating digital modes?
New:
Which of the following is one of the connections required between a computer and a transceiver to operate digital modes?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What function is performed with a transceiver and a digital mode hot spot?
New:
What function does a digital mode hotspot perform for nearby transceivers?
- Answer:
- Was:
Communication using digital voice or data systems via the internet - Now:
Communication with a digital voice or data network
- Was:
- Distractor:
RTTY encoding and decoding without a computer - Distractor:
High-speed digital communications for meteor scatter - Distractor:
- Was:
FT8 digital communications via AFSK - Now:
FT8 digital communications via AFSK using a smartphone connected to the internet
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the result of tuning an FM receiver above or below a signal’s frequency?
New:
What does an FM signal sound like when received slightly off frequency?
- Answer:
- Was:
Distortion of the signal’s audio - Now:
The audio becomes distorted
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Change in audio pitch - Now:
The audio increases in pitch
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Sideband inversion - Now:
The audio decrease in pitch
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Generation of a heterodyne tone - Now:
There is no effect except for reduction in amplitude
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver?
New:
What is the advantage of having a choice of receiver filter bandwidths in a multimode transceiver?
- Answer:
Permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode - Distractor:
Increases the number of frequencies that can be stored in memory - Distractor:
Increases the amount of offset between receive and transmit frequencies - Distractor:
- Was:
Permits monitoring several modes at once by selecting a separate filter for each mode - Now:
Permits monitoring several modes simultaneously by selecting a separate filter for each mode
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
How is a specific group of stations selected on a digital voice transceiver?
New:
How is a specific group of stations selected on a DMR digital voice transceiver?
- Answer:
By entering the group’s identification code - Distractor:
By retrieving the frequencies from transceiver memory - Distractor:
By enabling the group’s CTCSS tone - Distractor:
- Was:
By activating automatic identification - Now:
By inserting a five-pin, pre-programmed code plug
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the name for the flow of electrons in an electric circuit?
New:
What is the term for the flow of electrons in an electric circuit?
- Answer:
Current - Distractor:
Voltage - Distractor:
- Was:
Resistance - Now:
Amperes per second
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Capacitance - Now:
Volts per second
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What describes the number of times per second that an alternating current makes a complete cycle?
New:
What term describes the number of times per second that an alternating current makes a complete cycle?
- Answer:
Frequency - Distractor:
Pulse rate - Distractor:
Wavelength - Distractor:
- Was:
Speed - Now:
Wave number
- Was:
- Answer:
kHz - Distractor:
khz - Distractor:
KHZ - Distractor:
- Was:
khZ - Now:
KHz
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the formula used to calculate electrical power (P) in a DC circuit?
New:
What formula is used to calculate electrical power (P) in a DC circuit?
- Answer:
- Was:
P = I × E - Now:
P = I x E
- Was:
- Distractor:
P = E / I - Distractor:
- Was:
P = E - I - Now:
P = I² x E
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
P = I + E - Now:
P = I / E
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
In which type of circuit is DC current the same through all components?
New:
In which type of circuit is the current always the same through all components?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
In which type of circuit is voltage the same across all components?
New:
In which type of circuit is the voltage always the same across all components?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the name of an electrical wiring diagram that uses standard component symbols?
New:
What is an electrical diagram using standard component symbols called?
- Answer:
Schematic - Distractor:
Flow chart - Distractor:
- Was:
Bill of materials - Now:
Connection chart
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Connector pinout - Now:
Instrumentation system
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the function of the SSB/CW-FM switch on a VHF power amplifier?
New:
What is the function of the switch which selects either SSB or CW-FM on a VHF power amplifier?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What device increases the transmitted output power from a transceiver?
New:
What can be added to the output of a transceiver to increase the transmitted output power?
- Answer:
An RF power amplifier - Distractor:
All these choices are correct - Distractor:
- Was:
A voltage divider - Now:
A potentiometer
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
An impedance network - Now:
An impedance multiplier
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
How can fundamental overload of a non-amateur radio or TV receiver by an amateur signal be reduced or eliminated?
New:
Which of the following might reduce interference by an amateur station to a non-amateur over-the-air radio receiver?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following can reduce overload of a VHF transceiver by a nearby commercial FM station?
New:
Which of the following can reduce interference to a 2-meter band transceiver from a nearby commercial FM station?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What does a dummy load consist of?
New:
What does a typical RF dummy load consist of?
- Answer:
- Was:
A non-inductive resistor mounted on a heat sink - Now:
A 50-ohm non-inductive resistor mounted on a heat sink
- Was:
- Distractor:
A low-voltage power supply and a DC relay - Distractor:
- Was:
A high-gain amplifier and a TR switch - Now:
A low-voltage power supply and an AC relay
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
A 50-ohm reactance used to terminate a transmission line - Now:
A 50-ohm inductive reactance mounted in a shielded enclosure
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following types of signal has the narrowest bandwidth?
New:
Which of the following signal types has the narrowest bandwidth?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF, and UHF single-sideband communications?
New:
Which sideband is normally used for 10-meter HF, VHF, and UHF single-sideband communications?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is a characteristic of single sideband (SSB) compared to FM?
New:
What is one characteristic of single sideband (SSB) compared to FM?
- Answer:
SSB signals have narrower bandwidth - Distractor:
SSB signals are easier to tune in correctly - Distractor:
SSB signals are less susceptible to interference - Distractor:
- Was:
All these choices are correct - Now:
SSB signals are less susceptible to high SWR
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is the approximate bandwidth of a VHF repeater FM voice signal?
New:
What is the approximate bandwidth of an FM voice signal on VHF repeaters?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is meant by the statement that a satellite is operating in U/V mode?
New:
What does it mean if a satellite is operating in U/V mode?
- Answer:
- Was:
The satellite uplink is in the 70 centimeter band and the downlink is in the 2 meter band - Now:
The satellite uplink is in the 70-centimeter band and the downlink is in the 2-meter band
- Was:
- Distractor:
The satellite operates using ultraviolet frequencies - Distractor:
The satellite frequencies are usually variable - Distractor:
- Was:
The satellite uplink is in the 15 meter band and the downlink is in the 10 meter band - Now:
The satellite uplink is in the 15-meter band and the downlink is in the 10-meter band
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Who may receive telemetry from a space station?
New:
Who is permitted to receive telemetry from an amateur radio satellite?
- Answer:
Anyone - Distractor:
- Was:
A licensed radio amateur with a transmitter equipped for interrogating the satellite - Now:
Only the satellite control operator
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
A licensed radio amateur who has been certified by the protocol developer - Now:
Only the control operator or a licensed radio amateur who has received the encryption key from the control operator
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
A licensed radio amateur who has registered for an access code from AMSAT - Now:
Only a licensed radio amateur who has received the encryption key from AMSAT
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following is a way to determine whether your satellite uplink power is neither too low nor too high?
New:
Which of the following is a way to determine whether your satellite uplink power into a linear transponder satellite is neither too low nor too high?
- Answer:
Your signal strength on the downlink should be about the same as the beacon - Distractor:
Check your signal strength report in the telemetry data - Distractor:
Listen for distortion on your downlink signal - Distractor:
- Was:
All these choices are correct - Now:
Compare your signal to others on the downlink using an internet SDR receiver
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following is good procedure when contacting another station in a contest?
New:
Which of the following is good practice when contacting another station in a contest?
- Answer:
- Was:
Send only the minimum information needed for proper identification and the contest exchange - Now:
Sending only the minimum information needed for proper identification and the contest exchange
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Sign only the last two letters of your call if there are many other stations calling - Now:
Signing only the last two letters of your call if there are many other stations calling
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Contact the station twice to be sure that you are in his log - Now:
Contacting the station twice to be sure that you are in his log
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
All these choices are correct - Now:
Adding “Please copy” before your exchange
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
How is over the air access to IRLP nodes accomplished?
New:
How is over the air access to Internet Radio Linking Project (IRLP) nodes accomplished?
- Answer:
- Was:
By using DTMF signals - Now:
By using Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) signals
- Was:
- Distractor:
By obtaining a password that is sent via voice to the node - Distractor:
By entering the proper internet password - Distractor:
- Was:
By using CTCSS tone codes - Now:
By using Continuous Tone-Coded Squelch System (CTCSS) tone codes
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What type of transmission is indicated by the term "NTSC?"
New:
What is meant by the term "NTSC?"
- Answer:
An analog fast-scan color TV signal - Distractor:
A special mode for satellite uplink - Distractor:
A frame compression scheme for TV signals - Distractor:
- Was:
A Normal Transmission mode in Static Circuit - Now:
A digital transmission standard for encrypting data
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is an ARQ transmission system?
New:
What is the role of ARQ in a transmission system?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is a disadvantage of the short, flexible antenna supplied with most handheld radio transceivers, compared to a full-sized quarter-wave antenna?
New:
What is a disadvantage of a handheld radio transceiver’s short flexible antenna compared to a full-sized quarter-wave antenna?
- Answer:
It has low efficiency - Distractor:
It transmits only circularly polarized signals - Distractor:
- Was:
It is mechanically fragile - Now:
It is more susceptible to receiver desensitization
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
All these choices are correct - Now:
It only works on analog signals, not digital ones
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following types of antenna offers the greatest gain?
New:
Which of the following types of antennas offers the greatest gain?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
What is a disadvantage of using a handheld VHF transceiver with a flexible antenna inside a vehicle?
New:
What is a potential drawback of using a handheld VHF transceiver inside a vehicle that lacks an externally mounted antenna?
- Answer:
Signal strength is reduced due to the shielding effect of the vehicle - Distractor:
The bandwidth of the antenna will decrease, increasing SWR - Distractor:
The SWR might decrease, decreasing the signal strength - Distractor:
- Was:
All these choices are correct - Now:
The handheld will overheat due to reflected power in the vehicle
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What is an advantage of a 5/8 wavelength whip antenna for VHF or UHF mobile service?
New:
What is an advantage of a 5/8-wavelength whip antenna for VHF or UHF mobile service compared to a 1/4-wave antenna?
- Answer:
- Was:
It has more gain than a 1/4-wavelength antenna - Now:
It has more gain
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
It radiates at a very high angle - Now:
It radiates at a higher angle
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
It eliminates distortion caused by reflected signals - Now:
It has lower SWR
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
It has 10 times the power gain of a 1/4 wavelength whip - Now:
It has lower impedance
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following RF connector types is most suitable for frequencies above 400 MHz?
New:
Which of the following connector types is most suitable as an RF connector for frequencies above 400 MHz?
- Answer:
Type N - Distractor:
RS-213 - Distractor:
DB-25 - Distractor:
- Was:
UHF (PL-259/SO-239) - Now:
PL-259
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following types of feed line has the lowest loss at VHF and UHF?
New:
Which of the following types of feed line has the lowest loss?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)
Question text changed:
Old:
Which of the following is a safety hazard of a 12-volt storage battery?
New:
Which of the following is a safety hazard of a 12-volt storage battery that lacks internal protection circuitry?
- Answer:
Shorting the terminals can cause burns, fire, or an explosion - Distractor:
RF emissions from a nearby transmitter can cause the electrolyte to emit poison gas - Distractor:
All these choices are correct - Distractor:
- Was:
Touching both terminals with the hands can cause electrical shock - Now:
Touching both terminals with your hands can cause electrical shock
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What health hazard is presented by electrical current flowing through the body?
New:
What health hazard is posed by electrical current flowing through the body?
- Answer:
All these choices are correct - Distractor:
It may disrupt the electrical functions of cells - Distractor:
It may cause involuntary muscle contractions - Distractor:
- Was:
It may cause injury by heating tissue - Now:
It may cause injury by heating body tissue
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
In the United States, what circuit does black wire insulation indicate in a three-wire 120 V cable?
New:
In the United States, what circuit does black wire insulation indicate in a three-wire 120 V AC cable?
- Answer:
Hot - Distractor:
Neutral - Distractor:
Equipment ground - Distractor:
- Was:
Black insulation is never used - Now:
Negative
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
What hazard is caused by charging or discharging a battery too quickly?
New:
What hazard occurs when rapidly charging or discharging an unprotected battery?
- Answer:
Overheating or out-gassing - Distractor:
Excess output ripple - Distractor:
- Was:
Half-wave rectification - Now:
Electric shock
- Was:
- Distractor:
- Was:
Inverse memory effect - Now:
Overvoltage
- Was:
Question text changed:
Old:
At which of the following frequencies does maximum permissible exposure have the lowest value?
New:
Which of the following bands has the lowest maximum permissible exposure for RF safety?
Answers unchanged (order may differ)