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# assign 4 to the variable x
x = 4

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// C code
// C is a statically-typed language
int x = 4;

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# Python code
# Python is a dynamically-typed language
x = 4

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x = 1         # x is an integer
x = 'hello'   # now x is a string
x = [1, 2, 3] # now x is a list

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x = 4.5
x.is_integer() 
# False
x = 4.0
x.is_integer() 
# True
type(x.is_integer)
# <class 'builtin_function_or_method'>

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# Numbers
integer_number = 23
floating_point_number = 23.5
complex_number = 2 + 3.8j

# Boolean
boolean_value = True

# String Literal
string_literal = 'This is a text.'

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isinstance('Hello', (float, int, str, list, dict, tuple))
# True

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# Primitive Data Structures (Types)
# All Primitive Data Types are Immutable Objects 
int_ = 5                  # int - Immutable Object 
float_ = 5.25             # float - Immutable Object 
complex_ = 2 + 7.25j      # complex - Immutable Object 
str_ = 'This is a text'   # str - Immutable Object 
bool_ = False             # bool - Immutable Object 

type(int_)                # int - Integer Numbers
# <class 'int'>

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# Number - Integer, Float, Complex
# Integer
Integer in Python are numbers without decimal e.g 20
# A different data type can be converted to an integer
# Integer conversion is done with the int() function
book_price = 20
print(book_price)
# 20
book_price = '30'
print(int(book_price))

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z = 2 + 17.6j
print(z)
# (2 + 17.6j)
print(z.real)
# 2.0
print(z.imag)
# 17.6
print(z.conjugate())
# (2-17.6j)