Arduino Code for an LED button control

pushAndFade.ino

int LED = 9; //pin for the LED
int BUTTON = 7; //pin for the BUTTON
int val = 0; //stores state of the pin
int old_val = 0; //stores previous state of the pin
int state = 0; 
int brightness = 128; //stores brightness value
int old_b = 127;
unsigned long startTime = 0; //when did we begin pressing?

void setup()
{
  pinMode(LED,OUTPUT); //set LED as an output
  pinMode(BUTTON,INPUT); //set pushbutton as an input
}

void loop()
{
  val = digitalRead(BUTTON); //read input value and store it
  
  //check if there was a transition
  if((val == HIGH) && (old_val == LOW))
  {
    state = 1 - state; //change value of state
    startTime = millis(); //millis() is the Arduino clock
                          //it returns how many ms have passed
                          //since the board has been reset
    delay(10);
  }
  
  //checking if the button is being held down
  if((val == HIGH) && (old_val == HIGH))
  {
    if(state == 1 && (millis() - startTime) > 1000)
    {
      if(brightness < 255 && brightness > old_b)
      {
        old_b = brightness;
        brightness++; //increment brightness by 1
        delay(5);
      }
      
      if (brightness == 255) old_b = 256;
      
      if(brightness > 0 && brightness < old_b)
      {
        old_b = brightness;
        brightness--;
        delay(5);
      }
      
      if(brightness == 0) old_b = -1;
    }
  }
  
  old_val = val;
  
  if(state == 1)
    analogWrite(LED, brightness);
  else
    analogWrite(LED,0);
}