C++ Pass By References

References.cpp

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void FreezeWindow();

void FreezeWindow() {
	char response;
	cin >> response;
}

void swap(int &x, int &y); 

int main() {

	int x = 5, y = 10;

	cout << "Main. Before swap, x: " << x << " y: " << y << endl;  // 5, 10
	swap(x, y);
	cout << "Main. After swap, x: " << x << " y: " << y << endl; // 10, 5

	FreezeWindow();
	return 0;
}

void swap(int &rx, int &ry) {
	int temp;
	cout << " Swap inside swap function. Before swap rx: " << rx << " ry: " << ry << endl;  // 5, 10

	temp = rx; //   when swap is called we are saying -->  temp = &5 
	rx = ry;   // when swap is called we are saying -->  rx = &10
	ry = temp;  //  when swap is called we are saying --> ry = &5

	cout << "Swap inside swap function. After swap, rx: " << rx << " ry: " << ry << endl;  // 10, 5
}

// output
/****
Main Before swap x:5y:`0
Swao inside swao function rx:5 ry:10
Swap inside function. After swap rx:10 ry:5
Main. After swap, x:10 y5
***/