vsajip/typescript-web-components.md

## typescript-web-components.md

      
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              typescript-web-components.md
            
          
    Getting Started


Install Dependencies
npm init
npm install --save-dev ts-node typescript tslib express @types/express


Create your web server


Create server.ts in root folder of your app.
import * as express from 'express';
import * as http from 'http';
import * as path from 'path';

import { AddressInfo } from 'net';

const app = express();

const PORT = 3000;
const HOST_NAME = `localhost`;
const PUBLIC_FOLDER = 'public';

app.use(`/${PUBLIC_FOLDER}`, express.static(path.resolve(PUBLIC_FOLDER)));

app.all('/*', function(req: express.Request, res: express.Response) {
  res.sendFile('index.html', { root: path.resolve(PUBLIC_FOLDER) })
})

const server = http.createServer(app);
server.listen(PORT, HOST_NAME)
  .on('listening', function() {
    const { port, address } = server.address() as AddressInfo;
    console.log(`Express server started on port ${port} at ${address}.`); 
  })

Create public folder
Create public/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>TypeScript Web Component</title>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Hello World.</h1>
</body>
</html>

Create scripts in package.json
 "scripts": {
  "serve": "ts-node -O '{ \"module\": \"commonjs\" }' server.ts"
 } 

Run your server
npm run serve


Browse your application
http://localhost:3000


Create Web Components


Create src folder
Create src/hello-world.ts
"Hello World" Custom Elements
 class HelloWorld extends HTMLElement {

  connectedCallback() {
    this.innerHTML = `<h1>Hello World.</h1>`
  }

}

customElements.define('hello-world', HelloWorld);

Update public/index.html file
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
  <title>TypeScript Web Component</title>
</head>
<body>
  <hello-world></hello-world>
  <script src="public/bundle.js"></script>
</body>
</html>


Setup Build tools using Rollup


Add build dependencies
npm install --save-dev rollup rollup-plugin-typescript2 rollup-plugin-node-resolve


Create build.ts
import * as path from 'path';

import { rollup } from 'rollup';
const typescript2 = require('rollup-plugin-typescript2');
const resolve = require('rollup-plugin-node-resolve');

const ENTRY_FILE = `src/hello-world.ts`;

const rollupConfig = {
  inputOptions: {
    treeshake: true,
    input: ENTRY_FILE,
    external: [],
    plugins: [
      typescript2({
        check: false,
        cacheRoot: path.join(path.resolve(), 'node_modules/.tmp/.rts2_cache'), 
        useTsconfigDeclarationDir: true       
      }),
      resolve()
    ],
    onwarn (warning) {
      if (warning.code === 'THIS_IS_UNDEFINED') { return; }
      console.log("Rollup warning: ", warning.message);
    }
  },
  outputOptions: {
    sourcemap: true,
    exports: 'named',
    file: 'public/bundle.js',
    name: 'hello-world', 
    format: 'es'
  }
}

function rollupBuild({ inputOptions, outputOptions }): Promise<any> {
  return rollup(inputOptions).then(bundle => bundle.write(outputOptions));
}

rollupBuild(rollupConfig);


Add scripts to your package.json
 "scripts": {
  ...
  "build": "ts-node -O '{ \"module\": \"commonjs\" }' build.ts"
 } 


Build & Run your application
npm run build && npm run serve


Browse your app
http://localhost:3000


Expected error when running the application

In the browser (chrome) open the DevTools (right click the browser then Inspect)
Go to console tab of the browser
Check the error (in red color)
bundle.js:17 Uncaught TypeError: Failed to construct 'HTMLElement': Please use the 'new' operator, this DOM object constructor cannot be called as a function.
at new HelloWorld (bundle.js:17)
at bundle.js:24


Cause of the error.
This error means, that you need a polyfill for browser that do support (!) Custom Elements. 
That sounds a bit strange, but Custom Elements are defined for EcmaScript 2015+ 
(bases upon classes) and for supporting older browser, we normally compile down to EcmaScript 5 today. 
The output of your javascript is in es5 format. 


How to resolve or fix?

Install custom-elements polyfill.
npm i @webcomponents/custom-elements


In your server.ts file add node_modules folder as one of your static folders
 app.use(`/node_modules`, express.static(path.resolve('node_modules')));

Add polyfill as script tag in your public/index.html
  <script src="node_modules/@webcomponents/custom-elements/src/native-shim.js"></script>
  <script src="public/bundle.js"></script>


Run your application
npm run serve


Browse your app
http://localhost:3000