Find the path to a specific value based on a callback function.

findPath.js

/**
 * Find the path to a specific value based on a callback function.
 * @param {*} base
 *   The object in which you want to start looking to see if it a match
 *   according to `callback`.
 * @param {function(*, Array<string>, *): boolean} callback
 *   The function that will be called for each value starting with `base` and
 *   traversing all of its descendants.
 * @param {number=} opt_maxTimeMs
 *   Optional.  Defaults to 3000ms.  The maximum amount of time to check before
 *   simply returning `undefined`.
 * @return {Array<string>|boolean|undefined}
 *   If the desired value is found an array with the path to said `base`.  If
 *   the desired value is not found in the allotted time `undefined` is
 *   returned. In all other cases `false` is returned.
 */
function findPath(base, callback, maxTimeMs=3000) {
  let startTime = +new Date;
  let toCheck = [{ value: base, path: [] }]
  while (entry = toCheck.shift()) {
    let value = entry.value;
    let path = entry.path;
    if (callback(value, path, base)) {
      return path;
    }
    if (value && 'object' === typeof value) {
      toCheck = toCheck.concat(Object.keys(value).map(key => ({ value: value[key], path: path.concat([key]) })));
    }
    if (new Date - startTime > maxTimeMs) {
      return undefined;
    }
  }
  return false;
}