Vim Tips

Vim Tips.md

Vim Tips

Useful Tutorials

• VIM for (PHP) Programmers
• Vim anti-patterns
• http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Best_Vim_Tips
• http://lucumr.pocoo.org/2010/7/29/sharing-vim-tricks/

Key Mappings

• Modes
  • i, I — insert/insert at beginning of line
  • a, A — append/append at end of line
  • o, O — open a new line after/before the current
  • v — visual selection
  • V — visual line selection
  • R — replace mode (replaces more than one char)
  • ⌃V — visual blocks mode
• Undo/Redo and Copy & Paste
  • u, ⌃r — undo/redo
  • y — copy
  • yy=Y — copy whole line
  • p, P — paste after/before cursor
  • gp, gP — paste after/before cursor and put cursor one char after/before pasted text
  • yyp — duplicate line
• Navigation
  • ⌃i = ⌃I = ⇥ — go backwards (cursor position history)
    • Warning: if you remap ⇥, then ⌃i won't work anymore!
  • ⌃o = ⌃O — go forwards (cursor position history)
  • '', `` — go to last cursor position's first/actual char on line
  • ⌃u, ⌃d — 1/2 page up/down
  • ⌃b, ⌃f — page up/down
  • H, L — go to top/bottom of screen
  • gi — go to position where you last left insert mode
  • gv — reseselect last selection
  • '. — goto last edited line
  • g;, g, — goto previous/next edited position
  • gg, G — go to first line/last line (EOF)
  • (, ) — go to beginning/end of sentence
  • {, } — go to beginning/end of paragraph
  • 123gg = 123G — go to line 123
  • n% — go to the n-th % line
  • % — find corresponding bracket
  • f<c>, F<c> — forward/backward find first letter <c> (goto letter)
  • t<c>, T<c> — forward/backward find first letter <c> (goto before letter)
  • ⌃G — show current position in file
• Text Navigation
  • w — goto after end of (next) word
  • W — goto after end of (next) word (and after fullstops, etc.)
  • e — goto end of (next) word
  • b — goto beginning of previous word
  • B — goto beginning of previous word (and before fullstops, etc.)
  • 0, $ — goto absolute start/end of line
  • ^, g_ — goto start/end of line
• Marks
  • m<c> — set mark named [a-z]
  • '<c> — goto line of mark <c>
  • `<c> — goto exact position of mark <c>
• Text Selection
  • vaa, Vaa — select everything (line mode)
  • vib — select text inside the parenthesis block (of the cursor)
  • vi", vi' — select text inside double/single quotes
  • vi{ — select text inside paragraph
• Text Manipulation
  • {visual}p — replace selected word with clipboard (register "")
  • ⌃A, ⌃X — increment/decrement a number
  • ~ — change case of current letter
  • rX — replace char with X
  • ce — change from current position to word end
  • C, c$ — change until end of line
  • cc — change current line
  • ciw, caw — change inner/a word
  • cib, cab — change inner/a block
  • ci{, ca{ — change inner/a paragraph
• Formating
  • ⌃d, ⌃t — indent/deindent line in Insert mode
  • gqq — reformat current line
  • gqap — reformat current paragraph
  • J — join lines
  • = — auto indent
  • <num>o⎋⎋, <num>O⎋⎋ — insert <num> lines below/above
• Auto Completion
  • ⌃N — dictionary completion
  • ⌃P — dictionary completion
  • ⌃X⌃O — omni completion (opens preview window for details)
  • ⌃W⌃Z — close preview window
• Search
  • /<query>, ?<query> — forward/backward search for <query>
  • /, ? — search again for the last searched query
  • n, N — next/previous search result
  • *, # — search for word under cursor forward/backward
  • q/ — show history list of recent searches
• Replacing Text
  • :s/<old>/<new>/g — replace <old> with <new>
    • flag g — global for current line (replace all matches)
    • flag c — confirm substitution matches
      • y, n, a, q — yes/no/all remaining/quit
    • flag i — ignore case
  • :#,#s/<old>/<new>/g — replace from line # to line #
  • :%s/<old>/<new>/g — replace in whole file
  • %s//<new>/ — replace last searched query with <new>
    • * and %s//<new>/ — search for word under cursor and replace it with <new>
• Split Window/Tab Navigation
  • ⌃W h, ⌃W l — goto left/right split
  • ⌃W j, ⌃W k — goto below/above split
  • ⌃W ⌃W — jump between splits
  • ⌃W s, ⌃W v — split horizontally/vertically
  • ⌃W c — close current window
  • ⌃W o — close all windows except current
  • ⌃W |, ⌃W _ — maximise (v)split size
• Folding
  • zf{motion}, {Visual}zf — fold {motion} lines/fold selection
  • zd, zD — delete a fold (recursivly)
  • zE — eliminate all folds in file
  • zo, zc, zO, zC — open/close fold (recursivly)
  • za, zA — open and close (toggle) a fold (recursivly)
  • zR, zM — open/close all folds
  • zj, zk — goto start/end of the next/previous fold
• Macros
  1. q<c> — start recording
  2. q — stop recording
  3. @<c> — play recorded macro
  • @@ — replay previously played macro
• Command Line
  • q: — show history list of recently executed commands
  • ⌃D — autocomplete filename while doing :e ~/D or simply : to see possible commands
• Commands
  • :x, ZZ — save and exit
  • ⌃wq — exit if nothing to save
  • :new — new window
  • :sp — split window
  • :vsp — vertical split window
  • :e <file> — edit file
  • :r <file> — read file
  • :! — execute shell command
• Misc
  • Saving a text selection to a file
    1. v
    2. select some text
    3. :w test.txt — saves the selected text to file 'test.txt'
  • ]p — pastes the contents of a buffer (automatically adjusting the indent)
  • zb, zz, zt — scroll screen so that current line is at the bottom/middle/top

Vimdiff

• [c, ]c — goto next/previous difference