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April 16, 2023 21:21
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{ | |
"overrides": [ | |
{ | |
"files": "*.sol", | |
"options": { | |
"printWidth": 80, | |
"tabWidth": 4, | |
"useTabs": false, | |
"singleQuote": false, | |
"bracketSpacing": false | |
} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"files": "*.yml", | |
"options": {} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"files": "*.yaml", | |
"options": {} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"files": "*.toml", | |
"options": {} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"files": "*.json", | |
"options": {} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"files": "*.js", | |
"options": {} | |
}, | |
{ | |
"files": "*.ts", | |
"options": {} | |
} | |
] | |
} |
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REMIX DEFAULT WORKSPACE | |
Remix default workspace is present when: | |
i. Remix loads for the very first time | |
ii. A new workspace is created with 'Default' template | |
iii. There are no files existing in the File Explorer | |
This workspace contains 3 directories: | |
1. 'contracts': Holds three contracts with increasing levels of complexity. | |
2. 'scripts': Contains four typescript files to deploy a contract. It is explained below. | |
3. 'tests': Contains one Solidity test file for 'Ballot' contract & one JS test file for 'Storage' contract. | |
SCRIPTS | |
The 'scripts' folder has four typescript files which help to deploy the 'Storage' contract using 'web3.js' and 'ethers.js' libraries. | |
For the deployment of any other contract, just update the contract's name from 'Storage' to the desired contract and provide constructor arguments accordingly | |
in the file `deploy_with_ethers.ts` or `deploy_with_web3.ts` | |
In the 'tests' folder there is a script containing Mocha-Chai unit tests for 'Storage' contract. | |
To run a script, right click on file name in the file explorer and click 'Run'. Remember, Solidity file must already be compiled. | |
Output from script will appear in remix terminal. | |
Please note, require/import is supported in a limited manner for Remix supported modules. | |
For now, modules supported by Remix are ethers, web3, swarmgw, chai, multihashes, remix and hardhat only for hardhat.ethers object/plugin. | |
For unsupported modules, an error like this will be thrown: '<module_name> module require is not supported by Remix IDE' will be shown. |
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0 | |
pragma solidity >=0.8.2 <0.9.0; | |
/** | |
* @title Storage | |
* @dev Store & retrieve value in a variable | |
* @custom:dev-run-script ./scripts/deploy_with_ethers.ts | |
*/ | |
contract Storage { | |
uint256 number; | |
/** | |
* @dev Store value in variable | |
* @param num value to store | |
*/ | |
function store(uint256 num) public { | |
number = num; | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Return value | |
* @return value of 'number' | |
*/ | |
function retrieve() public view returns (uint256){ | |
return number; | |
} | |
} |
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0 | |
pragma solidity >=0.7.0 <0.9.0; | |
import "hardhat/console.sol"; | |
/** | |
* @title Owner | |
* @dev Set & change owner | |
*/ | |
contract Owner { | |
address private owner; | |
// event for EVM logging | |
event OwnerSet(address indexed oldOwner, address indexed newOwner); | |
// modifier to check if caller is owner | |
modifier isOwner() { | |
// If the first argument of 'require' evaluates to 'false', execution terminates and all | |
// changes to the state and to Ether balances are reverted. | |
// This used to consume all gas in old EVM versions, but not anymore. | |
// It is often a good idea to use 'require' to check if functions are called correctly. | |
// As a second argument, you can also provide an explanation about what went wrong. | |
require(msg.sender == owner, "Caller is not owner"); | |
_; | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Set contract deployer as owner | |
*/ | |
constructor() { | |
console.log("Owner contract deployed by:", msg.sender); | |
owner = msg.sender; // 'msg.sender' is sender of current call, contract deployer for a constructor | |
emit OwnerSet(address(0), owner); | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Change owner | |
* @param newOwner address of new owner | |
*/ | |
function changeOwner(address newOwner) public isOwner { | |
emit OwnerSet(owner, newOwner); | |
owner = newOwner; | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Return owner address | |
* @return address of owner | |
*/ | |
function getOwner() external view returns (address) { | |
return owner; | |
} | |
} |
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0 | |
pragma solidity >=0.7.0 <0.9.0; | |
/** | |
* @title Ballot | |
* @dev Implements voting process along with vote delegation | |
*/ | |
contract Ballot { | |
struct Voter { | |
uint weight; // weight is accumulated by delegation | |
bool voted; // if true, that person already voted | |
address delegate; // person delegated to | |
uint vote; // index of the voted proposal | |
} | |
struct Proposal { | |
// If you can limit the length to a certain number of bytes, | |
// always use one of bytes1 to bytes32 because they are much cheaper | |
bytes32 name; // short name (up to 32 bytes) | |
uint voteCount; // number of accumulated votes | |
} | |
address public chairperson; | |
mapping(address => Voter) public voters; | |
Proposal[] public proposals; | |
/** | |
* @dev Create a new ballot to choose one of 'proposalNames'. | |
* @param proposalNames names of proposals | |
*/ | |
constructor(bytes32[] memory proposalNames) { | |
chairperson = msg.sender; | |
voters[chairperson].weight = 1; | |
for (uint i = 0; i < proposalNames.length; i++) { | |
// 'Proposal({...})' creates a temporary | |
// Proposal object and 'proposals.push(...)' | |
// appends it to the end of 'proposals'. | |
proposals.push(Proposal({ | |
name: proposalNames[i], | |
voteCount: 0 | |
})); | |
} | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Give 'voter' the right to vote on this ballot. May only be called by 'chairperson'. | |
* @param voter address of voter | |
*/ | |
function giveRightToVote(address voter) public { | |
require( | |
msg.sender == chairperson, | |
"Only chairperson can give right to vote." | |
); | |
require( | |
!voters[voter].voted, | |
"The voter already voted." | |
); | |
require(voters[voter].weight == 0); | |
voters[voter].weight = 1; | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Delegate your vote to the voter 'to'. | |
* @param to address to which vote is delegated | |
*/ | |
function delegate(address to) public { | |
Voter storage sender = voters[msg.sender]; | |
require(!sender.voted, "You already voted."); | |
require(to != msg.sender, "Self-delegation is disallowed."); | |
while (voters[to].delegate != address(0)) { | |
to = voters[to].delegate; | |
// We found a loop in the delegation, not allowed. | |
require(to != msg.sender, "Found loop in delegation."); | |
} | |
sender.voted = true; | |
sender.delegate = to; | |
Voter storage delegate_ = voters[to]; | |
if (delegate_.voted) { | |
// If the delegate already voted, | |
// directly add to the number of votes | |
proposals[delegate_.vote].voteCount += sender.weight; | |
} else { | |
// If the delegate did not vote yet, | |
// add to her weight. | |
delegate_.weight += sender.weight; | |
} | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Give your vote (including votes delegated to you) to proposal 'proposals[proposal].name'. | |
* @param proposal index of proposal in the proposals array | |
*/ | |
function vote(uint proposal) public { | |
Voter storage sender = voters[msg.sender]; | |
require(sender.weight != 0, "Has no right to vote"); | |
require(!sender.voted, "Already voted."); | |
sender.voted = true; | |
sender.vote = proposal; | |
// If 'proposal' is out of the range of the array, | |
// this will throw automatically and revert all | |
// changes. | |
proposals[proposal].voteCount += sender.weight; | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Computes the winning proposal taking all previous votes into account. | |
* @return winningProposal_ index of winning proposal in the proposals array | |
*/ | |
function winningProposal() public view | |
returns (uint winningProposal_) | |
{ | |
uint winningVoteCount = 0; | |
for (uint p = 0; p < proposals.length; p++) { | |
if (proposals[p].voteCount > winningVoteCount) { | |
winningVoteCount = proposals[p].voteCount; | |
winningProposal_ = p; | |
} | |
} | |
} | |
/** | |
* @dev Calls winningProposal() function to get the index of the winner contained in the proposals array and then | |
* @return winnerName_ the name of the winner | |
*/ | |
function winnerName() public view | |
returns (bytes32 winnerName_) | |
{ | |
winnerName_ = proposals[winningProposal()].name; | |
} | |
} |
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// This script can be used to deploy the "Storage" contract using ethers.js library. | |
// Please make sure to compile "./contracts/1_Storage.sol" file before running this script. | |
// And use Right click -> "Run" from context menu of the file to run the script. Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+S | |
import { deploy } from './ethers-lib' | |
(async () => { | |
try { | |
const result = await deploy('Storage', []) | |
console.log(`address: ${result.address}`) | |
} catch (e) { | |
console.log(e.message) | |
} | |
})() |
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// This script can be used to deploy the "Storage" contract using Web3 library. | |
// Please make sure to compile "./contracts/1_Storage.sol" file before running this script. | |
// And use Right click -> "Run" from context menu of the file to run the script. Shortcut: Ctrl+Shift+S | |
import { deploy } from './web3-lib' | |
(async () => { | |
try { | |
const result = await deploy('Storage', []) | |
console.log(`address: ${result.address}`) | |
} catch (e) { | |
console.log(e.message) | |
} | |
})() |
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import { ethers } from 'ethers' | |
/** | |
* Deploy the given contract | |
* @param {string} contractName name of the contract to deploy | |
* @param {Array<any>} args list of constructor' parameters | |
* @param {Number} accountIndex account index from the exposed account | |
* @return {Contract} deployed contract | |
*/ | |
export const deploy = async (contractName: string, args: Array<any>, accountIndex?: number): Promise<ethers.Contract> => { | |
console.log(`deploying ${contractName}`) | |
// Note that the script needs the ABI which is generated from the compilation artifact. | |
// Make sure contract is compiled and artifacts are generated | |
const artifactsPath = `browser/contracts/artifacts/${contractName}.json` // Change this for different path | |
const metadata = JSON.parse(await remix.call('fileManager', 'getFile', artifactsPath)) | |
// 'web3Provider' is a remix global variable object | |
const signer = (new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(web3Provider)).getSigner(accountIndex) | |
const factory = new ethers.ContractFactory(metadata.abi, metadata.data.bytecode.object, signer) | |
const contract = await factory.deploy(...args) | |
// The contract is NOT deployed yet; we must wait until it is mined | |
await contract.deployed() | |
return contract | |
} |
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import Web3 from 'web3' | |
import { Contract, ContractSendMethod, Options } from 'web3-eth-contract' | |
/** | |
* Deploy the given contract | |
* @param {string} contractName name of the contract to deploy | |
* @param {Array<any>} args list of constructor' parameters | |
* @param {string} from account used to send the transaction | |
* @param {number} gas gas limit | |
* @return {Options} deployed contract | |
*/ | |
export const deploy = async (contractName: string, args: Array<any>, from?: string, gas?: number): Promise<Options> => { | |
const web3 = new Web3(web3Provider) | |
console.log(`deploying ${contractName}`) | |
// Note that the script needs the ABI which is generated from the compilation artifact. | |
// Make sure contract is compiled and artifacts are generated | |
const artifactsPath = `browser/contracts/artifacts/${contractName}.json` | |
const metadata = JSON.parse(await remix.call('fileManager', 'getFile', artifactsPath)) | |
const accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts() | |
const contract: Contract = new web3.eth.Contract(metadata.abi) | |
const contractSend: ContractSendMethod = contract.deploy({ | |
data: metadata.data.bytecode.object, | |
arguments: args | |
}) | |
const newContractInstance = await contractSend.send({ | |
from: from || accounts[0], | |
gas: gas || 1500000 | |
}) | |
return newContractInstance.options | |
} |
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0 | |
pragma solidity >=0.7.0 <0.9.0; | |
import "remix_tests.sol"; // this import is automatically injected by Remix. | |
import "hardhat/console.sol"; | |
import "../contracts/3_Ballot.sol"; | |
contract BallotTest { | |
bytes32[] proposalNames; | |
Ballot ballotToTest; | |
function beforeAll () public { | |
proposalNames.push(bytes32("candidate1")); | |
ballotToTest = new Ballot(proposalNames); | |
} | |
function checkWinningProposal () public { | |
console.log("Running checkWinningProposal"); | |
ballotToTest.vote(0); | |
Assert.equal(ballotToTest.winningProposal(), uint(0), "proposal at index 0 should be the winning proposal"); | |
Assert.equal(ballotToTest.winnerName(), bytes32("candidate1"), "candidate1 should be the winner name"); | |
} | |
function checkWinninProposalWithReturnValue () public view returns (bool) { | |
return ballotToTest.winningProposal() == 0; | |
} | |
} |
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// Right click on the script name and hit "Run" to execute | |
const { expect } = require("chai"); | |
const { ethers } = require("hardhat"); | |
describe("Storage", function () { | |
it("test initial value", async function () { | |
const Storage = await ethers.getContractFactory("Storage"); | |
const storage = await Storage.deploy(); | |
await storage.deployed(); | |
console.log('storage deployed at:'+ storage.address) | |
expect((await storage.retrieve()).toNumber()).to.equal(0); | |
}); | |
it("test updating and retrieving updated value", async function () { | |
const Storage = await ethers.getContractFactory("Storage"); | |
const storage = await Storage.deploy(); | |
await storage.deployed(); | |
const storage2 = await ethers.getContractAt("Storage", storage.address); | |
const setValue = await storage2.store(56); | |
await setValue.wait(); | |
expect((await storage2.retrieve()).toNumber()).to.equal(56); | |
}); | |
}); |
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my first contract