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@JeanOsorio
Forked from tpae/Trie.js
Created May 11, 2021 08:58
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Trie.js - super simple JavaScript implementation
// Trie.js - super simple JS implementation
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trie
// -----------------------------------------
// we start with the TrieNode
function TrieNode(key) {
// the "key" value will be the character in sequence
this.key = key;
// we keep a reference to parent
this.parent = null;
// we have hash of children
this.children = {};
// check to see if the node is at the end
this.end = false;
}
// iterates through the parents to get the word.
// time complexity: O(k), k = word length
TrieNode.prototype.getWord = function() {
var output = [];
var node = this;
while (node !== null) {
output.unshift(node.key);
node = node.parent;
}
return output.join('');
};
// -----------------------------------------
// we implement Trie with just a simple root with null value.
function Trie() {
this.root = new TrieNode(null);
}
// inserts a word into the trie.
// time complexity: O(k), k = word length
Trie.prototype.insert = function(word) {
var node = this.root; // we start at the root 😬
// for every character in the word
for(var i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
// check to see if character node exists in children.
if (!node.children[word[i]]) {
// if it doesn't exist, we then create it.
node.children[word[i]] = new TrieNode(word[i]);
// we also assign the parent to the child node.
node.children[word[i]].parent = node;
}
// proceed to the next depth in the trie.
node = node.children[word[i]];
// finally, we check to see if it's the last word.
if (i == word.length-1) {
// if it is, we set the end flag to true.
node.end = true;
}
}
};
// check if it contains a whole word.
// time complexity: O(k), k = word length
Trie.prototype.contains = function(word) {
var node = this.root;
// for every character in the word
for(var i = 0; i < word.length; i++) {
// check to see if character node exists in children.
if (node.children[word[i]]) {
// if it exists, proceed to the next depth of the trie.
node = node.children[word[i]];
} else {
// doesn't exist, return false since it's not a valid word.
return false;
}
}
// we finished going through all the words, but is it a whole word?
return node.end;
};
// returns every word with given prefix
// time complexity: O(p + n), p = prefix length, n = number of child paths
Trie.prototype.find = function(prefix) {
var node = this.root;
var output = [];
// for every character in the prefix
for(var i = 0; i < prefix.length; i++) {
// make sure prefix actually has words
if (node.children[prefix[i]]) {
node = node.children[prefix[i]];
} else {
// there's none. just return it.
return output;
}
}
// recursively find all words in the node
findAllWords(node, output);
return output;
};
// recursive function to find all words in the given node.
function findAllWords(node, arr) {
// base case, if node is at a word, push to output
if (node.end) {
arr.unshift(node.getWord());
}
// iterate through each children, call recursive findAllWords
for (var child in node.children) {
findAllWords(node.children[child], arr);
}
}
// -----------------------------------------
// instantiate our trie
var trie = new Trie();
// insert few values
trie.insert("hello");
trie.insert("helium");
// check contains method
console.log(trie.contains("helium")); // true
console.log(trie.contains("kickass")); // false
// check find method
console.log(trie.find("hel")); // [ 'helium', 'hello' ]
console.log(trie.find("hell")); // [ 'hello' ]
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