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@steder
Created December 19, 2011 19:11
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Create and update AWS security groups using Python and Boto.
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
Recipe for creating and updating security groups programmatically.
"""
import collections
import boto
# Follow instruction at http://www.datastax.com/docs/1.0/install/install_ami
# to define the cluster security group rules and client security group rules.
SecurityGroupRule = collections.namedtuple("SecurityGroupRule", ["ip_protocol", "from_port", "to_port", "cidr_ip", "src_group_name"])
CASSANDRA_RULES = [
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "22", "22", "0.0.0.0/0", None),
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "1024", "65535", "0.0.0.0/0", "Cassandra Cluster"),
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "7000", "7000", "0.0.0.0/0", "Cassandra Cluster"),
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "61620", "61621", "0.0.0.0/0", "Cassandra Cluster"),
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "7199", "7199", "0.0.0.0/0", None),
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "8888", "8888", "0.0.0.0/0", None),
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "8983", "8983", "0.0.0.0/0", None),
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "9160", "9160", "0.0.0.0/0", None),
]
TEST_RULES = [
# ssh makes life possible
SecurityGroupRule("tcp", "22", "22", "0.0.0.0/0", None),
]
SECURITY_GROUPS = [("Cassandra Cluster", CASSANDRA_RULES),
("Test", TEST_RULES)
]
def get_or_create_security_group(c, group_name, description=""):
"""
"""
groups = [g for g in c.get_all_security_groups() if g.name == group_name]
group = groups[0] if groups else None
if not group:
print "Creating group '%s'..."%(group_name,)
group = c.create_security_group(group_name, "A group for %s"%(group_name,))
return group
def modify_sg(c, group, rule, authorize=False, revoke=False):
src_group = None
if rule.src_group_name:
src_group = c.get_all_security_groups([rule.src_group_name,])[0]
if authorize and not revoke:
print "Authorizing missing rule %s..."%(rule,)
group.authorize(ip_protocol=rule.ip_protocol,
from_port=rule.from_port,
to_port=rule.to_port,
cidr_ip=rule.cidr_ip,
src_group=src_group)
elif not authorize and revoke:
print "Revoking unexpected rule %s..."%(rule,)
group.revoke(ip_protocol=rule.ip_protocol,
from_port=rule.from_port,
to_port=rule.to_port,
cidr_ip=rule.cidr_ip,
src_group=src_group)
def authorize(c, group, rule):
"""Authorize `rule` on `group`."""
return modify_sg(c, group, rule, authorize=True)
def revoke(c, group, rule):
"""Revoke `rule` on `group`."""
return modify_sg(c, group, rule, revoke=True)
def update_security_group(c, group, expected_rules):
"""
"""
print 'Updating group "%s"...'%(group.name,)
import pprint
print "Expected Rules:"
pprint.pprint(expected_rules)
current_rules = []
for rule in group.rules:
if not rule.grants[0].cidr_ip:
current_rule = SecurityGroupRule(rule.ip_protocol,
rule.from_port,
rule.to_port,
"0.0.0.0/0",
rule.grants[0].name)
else:
current_rule = SecurityGroupRule(rule.ip_protocol,
rule.from_port,
rule.to_port,
rule.grants[0].cidr_ip,
None)
if current_rule not in expected_rules:
revoke(c, group, current_rule)
else:
current_rules.append(current_rule)
print "Current Rules:"
pprint.pprint(current_rules)
for rule in expected_rules:
if rule not in current_rules:
authorize(c, group, rule)
def create_security_groups():
"""
attempts to be idempotent:
if the sg does not exist create it,
otherwise just check that the security group contains the rules
we expect it to contain and updates it if it does not.
"""
c = boto.connect_ec2()
for group_name, rules in SECURITY_GROUPS:
group = get_or_create_security_group(c, group_name)
update_security_group(c, group, rules)
if __name__=="__main__":
create_security_groups()
@SavvyGuard
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Thanks, this was a really useful guide

@al355and3r
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This is very good! Thanks.

@mshenhera
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Thanks, it helps me a lot.

@amalgjose
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This post helped me a lot. Excellent post

@gyoza
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gyoza commented Feb 12, 2015

It appears that this may no longer modify groups successfully. It can only create.

Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='1024', to_port='65535', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster')...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./aws_sg_recipe-orig.py", line 132, in <module>
    create_security_groups()
  File "./aws_sg_recipe-orig.py", line 128, in create_security_groups
    update_security_group(c, group, rules)
  File "./aws_sg_recipe-orig.py", line 114, in update_security_group
    authorize(c, group, rule)
  File "./aws_sg_recipe-orig.py", line 73, in authorize
    return modify_sg(c, group, rule, authorize=True)
  File "./aws_sg_recipe-orig.py", line 61, in modify_sg
    src_group=src_group)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/boto/ec2/securitygroup.py", line 203, in authorize
    dry_run=dry_run)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/boto/ec2/connection.py", line 3192, in authorize_security_group
    params, verb='POST')
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/boto/connection.py", line 1223, in get_status
    raise self.ResponseError(response.status, response.reason, body)
boto.exception.EC2ResponseError: EC2ResponseError: 400 Bad Request
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Response><Errors><Error><Code>InvalidPermission.Duplicate</Code><Message>the specified rule "peer: sg-da510bbf, TCP, from port: 1024, to port: 65535, ALLOW" already exists</Message></Error></Errors>

Is this a boto configuration error or a problem with the calls being done to the APIs?

@steder
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Author

steder commented Feb 14, 2015

@gyoza what are your rules?

@steder
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Author

steder commented Feb 14, 2015

This seems to be working fine with my account with PowerUser access rights. Double check that you have permissions and that your ~/.boto configuration file is correct.

(aws)~/Projects/aws-snippets /master> python aws_sg_recipe.py
Creating group 'Cassandra Cluster'...
Updating group "Cassandra Cluster"...
Expected Rules:
[SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='22', to_port='22', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='1024', to_port='65535', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='7000', to_port='7000', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='61620', to_port='61621', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='7199', to_port='7199', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='8888', to_port='8888', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='8983', to_port='8983', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='9160', to_port='9160', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)]
Current Rules:
[]
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='22', to_port='22', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)...
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='1024', to_port='65535', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster')...
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='7000', to_port='7000', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster')...
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='61620', to_port='61621', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster')...
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='7199', to_port='7199', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)...
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='8888', to_port='8888', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)...
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='8983', to_port='8983', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)...
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='9160', to_port='9160', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)...
Creating group 'Test'...
Updating group "Test"...
Expected Rules:
[SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='22', to_port='22', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)]
Current Rules:
[]
Authorizing missing rule SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='22', to_port='22', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)...
(aws)~/Projects/aws-snippets /master> python aws_sg_recipe.py
Updating group "Cassandra Cluster"...
Expected Rules:
[SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='22', to_port='22', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='1024', to_port='65535', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='7000', to_port='7000', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='61620', to_port='61621', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name='Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='7199', to_port='7199', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='8888', to_port='8888', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='8983', to_port='8983', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='9160', to_port='9160', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)]
Current Rules:
[SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'1024', to_port=u'65535', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=u'Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'7000', to_port=u'7000', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=u'Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'61620', to_port=u'61621', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=u'Cassandra Cluster'),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'22', to_port=u'22', cidr_ip=u'0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'7199', to_port=u'7199', cidr_ip=u'0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'8888', to_port=u'8888', cidr_ip=u'0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'8983', to_port=u'8983', cidr_ip=u'0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None),
 SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'9160', to_port=u'9160', cidr_ip=u'0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)]
Updating group "Test"...
Expected Rules:
[SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol='tcp', from_port='22', to_port='22', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)]
Current Rules:
[SecurityGroupRule(ip_protocol=u'tcp', from_port=u'22', to_port=u'22', cidr_ip=u'0.0.0.0/0', src_group_name=None)]

@ozbillwang
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src_group_name format has been changed to sg-XXXXXXXX-owner_id, but in your code, rule.grants[0].name is always None, so I got this error:

InvalidPermission.NotFoundThe specified rule does not exist in this security group.

It is fine to create a new security group, then I see the same error as @gyoza, if I change one rule (for example, change a from_port).

Another issue is, cidr_ip can be list. This line need be fixed.

https://gist.github.com/steder/1498451#file-aws_sg_recipe-py-L100

@jpatallah
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Lines 89-101 should be:

for rule in group.rules:
    for grant in rule.grants:
        if not grant.cidr_ip:
            current_rule = SecurityGroupRule(rule.ip_protocol,
                                             rule.from_port,
                                             rule.to_port,
                                             "0.0.0.0/0",
                                             grant.name)
        else:
            current_rule = SecurityGroupRule(rule.ip_protocol,
                                             rule.from_port,
                                             rule.to_port,
                                             grant.cidr_ip,
                                             None)

@presho-anna
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I am trying to run the update method, and I have received "AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'name' ".
This is what I have tried:
update_security_group(boto.connect_ec2(), SECURITY_GROUPS[0], ["tcp", "5000", "5000", "0.0.0.0/0", "Test"])

Any reason why it's failing?

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