One of the best option is to use the run package offered by Qt to install the libraries and its IDE (Qt Creator). Nevertheless However, when you want to compile it for a sever, where no GUI is required, you must be then interested in how to compile from source and discover some of the configuration options you have to disable some GUI modules among others and get lightest weight libraries.
First of all download the tar.xz file from Qt. You can also go to the archive and select the best that fulfill your requirement. Right now I am going on with the newest version up to the moment v5.9.3.
Create a directory and uncompress the downloaded file:
$ mkdir temp
$ cd temp