1-string.ipynb

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   "cell_type": "markdown",
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    "toc": "true"
   },
   "source": [
    "# Table of Contents\n",
    " <p><div class=\"lev1 toc-item\"><a href=\"#String\" data-toc-modified-id=\"String-1\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">1&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>String</a></div><div class=\"lev1 toc-item\"><a href=\"#変数を文字列として扱う\" data-toc-modified-id=\"変数を文字列として扱う-2\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">2&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>変数を文字列として扱う</a></div><div class=\"lev1 toc-item\"><a href=\"#文字列の結合\" data-toc-modified-id=\"文字列の結合-3\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">3&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>文字列の結合</a></div><div class=\"lev1 toc-item\"><a href=\"#character型の結合\" data-toc-modified-id=\"character型の結合-4\"><span class=\"toc-item-num\">4&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>character型の結合</a></div>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# String"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:28.738000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:27.449Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"string\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 文字列の定義は以下のようにやる。これはPythonと似ている。\n",
    "str1 = \"string\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:28.751000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:27.600Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"これもstring\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 以下のような形でも定義が可能\n",
    "str2 = \"\"\"これもstring\"\"\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:28.880000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:27.759Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ダブルクオーテーションを\"ここ\"に挟むときはこうする。\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# ダブルクオーテーションを文章中で使いたいときは、以下のようにしてやる。\n",
    "println(\"\"\"ダブルクオーテーションを\"ここ\"に挟むときはこうする。\"\"\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:29.012000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:27.912Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Char"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Pythonだと''でくくった文字列は、stringとして扱われますが、Juliaだとcharacter型として扱われます。\n",
    "typeof('a')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:29.458000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:28.072Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "LoadError",
     "evalue": "\u001b[91msyntax: invalid character literal\u001b[39m",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[91msyntax: invalid character literal\u001b[39m",
      ""
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "char1 = 'これはエラーがでます'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 変数を文字列として扱う\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:29.462000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:28.384Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "この値は10 です\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 変数の先頭に $ を入れることで、変数の中の値を出力できる。\n",
    "# Pythonよりもシンプルに書ける。\n",
    "num = 10\n",
    "println(\"この値は$num です\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:29.472000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:28.551Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10 ＋ 10 = 20\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# こんなこともできるらしい。\n",
    "println(\"$num ＋ $num = $(num + num)\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 文字列の結合"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:29.474000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:28.873Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"私は犬です\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# string()のカッコの中に、カンマ区切りで入れていくことで、実現可能らしい。\n",
    "string(\"私\", \"は\", \"犬です\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:29.476000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:29.042Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"この値は10です\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 変数も同じ感じで処理してくれる\n",
    "string(\"この値は\", num, \"です\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:29.478000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:29.207Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"この値は10です\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# int型なども同様\n",
    "string(\"この値は\", 10, \"です\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:30.626000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:29.375Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "LoadError",
     "evalue": "\u001b[91mMethodError: no method matching +(::String, ::String)\u001b[0m\nClosest candidates are:\n  +(::Any, ::Any, \u001b[91m::Any\u001b[39m, \u001b[91m::Any...\u001b[39m) at operators.jl:424\u001b[39m",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[91mMethodError: no method matching +(::String, ::String)\u001b[0m\nClosest candidates are:\n  +(::Any, ::Any, \u001b[91m::Any\u001b[39m, \u001b[91m::Any...\u001b[39m) at operators.jl:424\u001b[39m",
      ""
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# ただ、Pythonでは出来る、以下のような文字の連結はできないらしい。\n",
    "\"これは\" + \"できません\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:30.648000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:29.561Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"これはできる\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Pythonだと、文字列が何回も繰り返しで出力される表現で、文字列の連結ができるっぽい。\n",
    "\"これは\" * \"できる\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# character型の結合"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {
    "ExecuteTime": {
     "end_time": "2018-01-24T12:22:30.730000Z",
     "start_time": "2018-01-24T03:22:30.723Z"
    }
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"ab\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# character型の文字を結合させて、文字列にすることも可能っぽい。\n",
    "char1 = 'a'\n",
    "char2 = 'b'\n",
    "string(char1, char2)"
   ]
  }
 ],
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