awelm

// Note all variables declared with `val` are immutable
val opt = Some(5) // type: Option[Int], value: Some(5)

/* 
 * map lets you run a transformation function on the value possibly stored
 * inside the Option. If map is called on an empty Option, then map will skip
 * the transformation function and return None. The first map call below prints
 * the stored value and then adds 2 to it. The second map call wraps the stored
 * value inside another Option, which is why the return value has an extra
 * Option layer. The third call always replaces the stored value with None.

awelm

// A case class in Scala is just a typed tuple
case class Person(name: String, title: String)

val person = Person("Joe Smith", "Mr")
val professors = Set("Joe Smith")

val greeting = person match {
	case Person(name, "Dr") =>
		// This block executes if person has the title "Dr"
		s"Welcome Doctor $name"