Anthropological argument:
The Prime directive establishes a baseline protocol by which Starfleet can scientifically & objectively observe/study new life and new civilizations intented to not corrupt the integrity of the scientific observation.
Impracticality argument:
- The anthropological argument is impractical because it assumes it’s possible to observe without interfering
- It’s poorly specified; why does it apply to pre-warp civilizations? It doesn’t consider the following nuances:
- pre-warp-capable, but hasn’t yet made 1st contact