The table sys.spt_values is in the ressources database (mssqlsystemresource). This database is only accessible when the SQL Service is started in single user mode..
To re-create the view to do the following steps:
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Stop all MSSSQL Service
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Start the SQL Service in single user mode: Open a DOS Command prompt and start the sqlservice with the -m switch
"C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL15.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn\sqlservr.exe" -m