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<?php
namespace bar;
class Xyz
{
}
function abc()
{
    return __NAMESPACE__;

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GLOBALS :

An associative array containg references to all variables defined in the global scope of the script. The variable names are the keys of the array

$_SERVER :

Is an array that containing inforamtion such as headers, paths and script locations.

Prior to PHP 5.4.0, $HTTP_SERVER_VARS contained the same initial information, but was not a superglobal. (Note that $HTTP_SERVER_VARS and $_SERVER were different variables and that PHP handled them as such.)

⛔ You may or may not find any of the following elements in $_SERVER if running PHP on the command line.

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Error handling

Predefined constants :

Default errors :

Value	Constant	Description
1	E_ERROR	Fatal run-time errors. Execution of the script is halt.
2	E_WARNING	Run-time warnings. Execution of the the script is not halted.
4	E_PARSE	Compile-time errors. Should only be generated by the parser.

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Post increment vs pre increment

<?php
$i = 10;
$a = $i++;
// Now $a is 10, and $i is 11

$i = 10;
$a = ++$i;

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Defining namespace :

Any valid PHP code can be contained within a namespace. But only the folowing types of code are affected by namespaces :

• classes (including traits and abstracts)
• functions
• constantes

A file containg a namespace keyword must declare the namespace at the top of file and before any code. The only code allowed before namespace declaration is the declare statement for defining the encoding.

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🚫 Functions names are case-insensitive !

<?php

define('CONSTANT', 1);
define('_CONSTANT', 0);
define('EMPTY', '');

if (!empty(EMPTY)) {

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Installation :

• This extensio is enabled by default. It may be disabled by using the following option at compile time : --disable-xml if you comiple PHP ad a module for Apache
• This extension has no configuration directives defined in php.ini

XML Parser functions :

xml_parser_create -> create an XML parser. xml_parser_create_ns -> create an XML parser with namespace support.

Character encoding :

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The XML DOM Parser :

The DOM parser is a tree-based parser.

Load and Output XML :

Exp :

<!-- file.xml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<note>
    <to>Tove</to>

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SAOP and PHP

SAOP is an acronym for Simple Object Access Protocol. It is an XML-based messaging protocol for exchanging information. SAOP is an application of the XML specification.

Points to note :

• SOAP is a communication protocol designed to communicate via internet.
• SAOP provides data transport for Web Services.
• SOAP is a platform and language-independent.
• SOAP is the XML way of defining what information is sent and how.

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JSON and PHP

• Json is an acronym for JavaScript Object Notation
• DATA-interchange format
• 🔥 extension load in PHP by default

PREDEFINED CONSTANTS (examples)

• JSON_ERROR_NONE confirms whether error occurred or not
• JSON_ERROR_SYNTAX indicates syntax error
• JSON_ERROR_UTF8 encoding issues