I apologize for the wall of text, there are a lot of concerns raised in the WASI case-senstivity ticket and I wanted to explain how everything works without just pointing to dense specs and code.
Case-insensitivity is important because it is required by end users: Windows, OS X, and Android all enforce some level of case-insensitivity. As a practical matter, this means Linux developers must manually enforce case-insensitivity. And despite much wailing and gnashing of teeth, even Linux has recently added support for case-insensitivity on a per-directory basis. Distros that care about usability will eventually adopt case-insensitivity, even if it is just for the home directories.
WASI’s current proposal trades Unix’s opaque bytes mo