Created
December 8, 2020 05:58
-
-
Save kadaliao/e29a0ac7891b56cc226fd5b186246be2 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop.
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
{ | |
"cells": [ | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "markdown", | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"source": [ | |
"# 装饰器方式" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": 9, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [], | |
"source": [ | |
"from contextlib import contextmanager\n", | |
"\n", | |
"@contextmanager\n", | |
"def filemanager(name, mode):\n", | |
" try:\n", | |
" f = open(name, mode)\n", | |
" yield f\n", | |
" except Exception as e:\n", | |
" print(e)\n", | |
" pass\n", | |
" finally:\n", | |
" f.close()\n", | |
" print('finally closed')" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": 10, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [ | |
{ | |
"name": "stdout", | |
"output_type": "stream", | |
"text": [ | |
"[Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'hello'\n" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"ename": "UnboundLocalError", | |
"evalue": "local variable 'f' referenced before assignment", | |
"output_type": "error", | |
"traceback": [ | |
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", | |
"\u001b[0;31mUnboundLocalError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", | |
"\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-10-a6b469931a95>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mwith\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfilemanager\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'hello'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'r'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mas\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mfp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mreadlines\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", | |
"\u001b[0;32m/var/mobile/Containers/Data/Application/CD52F831-44FE-4DD2-A2C8-B8E43734AD2E/Library/Application Support/com.rationalmatter.junoapp/python-home/lib/python36.zip/contextlib.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m__enter__\u001b[0;34m(self)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 79\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m__enter__\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 80\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mtry\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 81\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mgen\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 82\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0mStopIteration\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 83\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mraise\u001b[0m \u001b[0mRuntimeError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"generator didn't yield\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfrom\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", | |
"\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-9-3e592aecc866>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mfilemanager\u001b[0;34m(name, mode)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 10\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mpass\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 11\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfinally\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 12\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mclose\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 13\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'finally closed'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", | |
"\u001b[0;31mUnboundLocalError\u001b[0m: local variable 'f' referenced before assignment" | |
] | |
} | |
], | |
"source": [ | |
"with filemanager('hello', 'r') as fp:\n", | |
" print(fp.readlines())" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": 11, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [], | |
"source": [ | |
"from contextlib import contextmanager\n", | |
"\n", | |
"@contextmanager\n", | |
"def filemanager2(name, mode):\n", | |
" f = None\n", | |
" try:\n", | |
" f = open(name, mode)\n", | |
" yield f\n", | |
" except Exception as e:\n", | |
" print(e)\n", | |
" pass\n", | |
" finally:\n", | |
" if f:\n", | |
" f.close()\n", | |
" print('finally closed')" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": 13, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [ | |
{ | |
"name": "stdout", | |
"output_type": "stream", | |
"text": [ | |
"[Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'hello'\n", | |
"finally closed\n" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"ename": "RuntimeError", | |
"evalue": "generator didn't yield", | |
"output_type": "error", | |
"traceback": [ | |
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", | |
"\u001b[0;31mRuntimeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", | |
"\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-13-cc3c5b55b42b>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mwith\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfilemanager2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'hello'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'r'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mas\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mfp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mreadlines\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", | |
"\u001b[0;32m/var/mobile/Containers/Data/Application/CD52F831-44FE-4DD2-A2C8-B8E43734AD2E/Library/Application Support/com.rationalmatter.junoapp/python-home/lib/python36.zip/contextlib.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m__enter__\u001b[0;34m(self)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 81\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnext\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mgen\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 82\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0mStopIteration\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m---> 83\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mraise\u001b[0m \u001b[0mRuntimeError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\"generator didn't yield\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mfrom\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mNone\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m 84\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 85\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0m__exit__\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mself\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtype\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mvalue\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mtraceback\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", | |
"\u001b[0;31mRuntimeError\u001b[0m: generator didn't yield" | |
] | |
} | |
], | |
"source": [ | |
"with filemanager2('hello', 'r') as fp:\n", | |
" print(fp.readlines())" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": 14, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [ | |
{ | |
"name": "stdout", | |
"output_type": "stream", | |
"text": [ | |
"finally closed\n" | |
] | |
} | |
], | |
"source": [ | |
"# with 本身只应该负责保存和恢复,在with块中发生异常时候进行处理\n", | |
"# 对于with语句本身的调用,产生的一异常不应该处理\n", | |
"\n", | |
"with filemanager('hello', 'w') as fp:\n", | |
" fp.write('hello')\n" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "markdown", | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"source": [ | |
"# 类方式" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": 36, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [], | |
"source": [ | |
"class Filemanager:\n", | |
" def __init__(self, name, mode):\n", | |
" self.name = name\n", | |
" self.mode = mode\n", | |
" self.f = None\n", | |
" \n", | |
" def __enter__(self):\n", | |
" print('Entering...')\n", | |
" self.f = open(self.name, self.mode)\n", | |
" return self.f\n", | |
" \n", | |
" def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb):\n", | |
" print('Exiting...')\n", | |
" print(f'exc_type = {exc_type}, exc_value = {exc_value}, exc_tb = {exc_tb}')\n", | |
" if self.f:\n", | |
" self.f.close()\n", | |
" print('close')\n", | |
" # return Flase或者None 表示异常没有处理\n", | |
" return False" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": 37, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [ | |
{ | |
"name": "stdout", | |
"output_type": "stream", | |
"text": [ | |
"Entering...\n", | |
"['hello']\n", | |
"Exiting...\n", | |
"exc_type = <class 'ZeroDivisionError'>, exc_value = division by zero, exc_tb = <traceback object at 0x11dbba9c8>\n", | |
"close\n" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"ename": "ZeroDivisionError", | |
"evalue": "division by zero", | |
"output_type": "error", | |
"traceback": [ | |
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m", | |
"\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", | |
"\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-37-934ac90ebf19>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mwith\u001b[0m \u001b[0mFilemanager\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'hello'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'r'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mas\u001b[0m \u001b[0mfp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mfp\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mreadlines\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m/\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", | |
"\u001b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m: division by zero" | |
] | |
} | |
], | |
"source": [ | |
"with Filemanager('hello', 'r') as fp:\n", | |
" print(fp.readlines())\n", | |
" print(1/0)" | |
] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": null, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [], | |
"source": [] | |
}, | |
{ | |
"cell_type": "code", | |
"execution_count": null, | |
"metadata": {}, | |
"outputs": [], | |
"source": [] | |
} | |
], | |
"metadata": { | |
"kernelspec": { | |
"display_name": "Python 3", | |
"language": "python", | |
"name": "python3" | |
}, | |
"language_info": { | |
"codemirror_mode": { | |
"name": "ipython", | |
"version": 3 | |
}, | |
"file_extension": ".py", | |
"mimetype": "text/x-python", | |
"name": "python", | |
"nbconvert_exporter": "python", | |
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3", | |
"version": "3.6.6+" | |
} | |
}, | |
"nbformat": 4, | |
"nbformat_minor": 2 | |
} |
Sign up for free
to join this conversation on GitHub.
Already have an account?
Sign in to comment