You'd like a docker container that runs cron jobs, with the output of those cron jobs going to stdout so they are accessible as docker logs. How do you do that?
In your Dockerfile, apt-get -y install cron
Use apk or whatever if you are running on alpine or another distribution
Set the command or entrypoint in your Dockerfile to run cron 9n the foreground
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/cron", "-f"]