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{
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"name": "python-basic-02.ipynb",
"provenance": [],
"collapsed_sections": [],
"authorship_tag": "ABX9TyNKhPvJhX0uy+E8Tm/FcpDG",
"include_colab_link": true
},
"kernelspec": {
"name": "python3",
"display_name": "Python 3"
},
"language_info": {
"name": "python"
}
},
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "view-in-github",
"colab_type": "text"
},
"source": [
"<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/gist/scobin/d015db026ed718c78763d2e8495015af/python-basic-02.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"#資料型態\n",
"\n",
"- 數值類型：int, float, complex\n",
"- 布林類型：bool (True/False)\n",
"- 字串類型(string)：str\n",
"- 序列類型：list(列表), tuple(元組)、range \n",
"- 映射類型：dict(字典) \n",
"\n",
"type方法：檢查資料型態\n",
"\n",
"## 參考：\n",
"https://docs.python.org/zh-tw/3.11/library/stdtypes.html#"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "JPnSJdYlTlOy"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"print(type(100))\n",
"print(type(2.5))\n",
"print(type(4j))\n",
"print(type(True))\n",
"print(type(False))\n",
"print(type('abc'))\n",
"\n",
"print(type([1, 2, 3]))\n",
"print(type((1, 2, 3)))\n",
"print(type(range(0, 4)))\n",
"print(type({'name': 'cyu', 'age': 30}))"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "q0Q8PxGIej8X",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "3922785a-db15-4cef-853d-348323b5474f"
},
"execution_count": 1,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"<class 'int'>\n",
"<class 'float'>\n",
"<class 'complex'>\n",
"<class 'bool'>\n",
"<class 'bool'>\n",
"<class 'str'>\n",
"<class 'list'>\n",
"<class 'tuple'>\n",
"<class 'range'>\n",
"<class 'dict'>\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"#布林值 bool\n",
"只有兩種結果，`True` 和 `False` 。 \n",
"\n",
"常用於表示判斷式的結果。例如：`3>1`, `2==2`, `1!=2`。 \n",
"## 比較運算子： \n",
"`>, <, ==, >=, <=, !=`"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "_tntfx3X9THK"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"print(3!=3)"
],
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"id": "ZXlMP_Jm-CUL",
"outputId": "e35ca277-57a7-4f61-c223-9713beed00e1"
},
"execution_count": 13,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"False\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"# 列表 List\n",
"\n",
"可用來表示多筆資料。 \n",
"例子： \n",
"三個字串所組成的列表：`['apple', 'lemon', 'tomato']` \n",
"三個數字所組成的列表`[100, 200, 300]` \n",
"```\n",
"list = ['apple', 'lemon', 'tomato', 1]\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"由「**[ ]**」, 「**要素**」所構成。 \n",
"可以用**索引(index)**來操作指定的要素。 \n",
"\n",
"## 索引(index)\n",
"```\n",
"index 0 1 2 3\n",
" -4 -3 -2 -1\n",
" ['apple', 'lemon', 'tomato', 1]\n",
" \n",
"```\n",
"- 是數字，「**0**」表示第一個。\n",
"- **正數** 指定從頭開始，**負數** 指定從尾開始。\n",
"- 可以指定 **範圍** 。 \n",
"\n",
"## 修改，追加，刪除\n",
"- 修改: `=`\n",
"- 追加: `append()`\n",
"- 刪除: `pop()`, `pop(index)`\n"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "YdBiuH5_1ocl"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"list = ['apple', 'lemon', 'tomato']\n",
"pop = list.pop(1)\n",
"print(pop)\n",
"print(list)"
],
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"id": "9usAOOtq28Jw",
"outputId": "66921e7f-ffb2-4fa6-ab48-bf2fbb8455a6"
},
"execution_count": 32,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"lemon\n",
"['apple', 'tomato']\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"# 型態轉換\n",
"- 轉成文字. \n",
"```\n",
"str(123)\n",
"```\n",
"- 轉成整數. \n",
"```\n",
"int('90')\n",
"int(90)\n",
"```\n",
"- 轉成小數. \n",
"```\n",
"float('90.9')\n",
"float(90)\n",
"```"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "yTBijfQDuHsF"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"print(str(123), type(str(123)))\n",
"print(int('90'), type(int('90')))\n",
"print(int(90.9), type(int(90.9)))\n",
"print(float('90.9'), type(float('90.9')))\n",
"print(float(90), type(float(90)))\n"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "mB_lrEX7kn8P",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "7e773631-e03d-4105-c65f-f8b8c2315b65"
},
"execution_count": 36,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"123 <class 'str'>\n",
"90 <class 'int'>\n",
"90 <class 'int'>\n",
"90.9 <class 'float'>\n",
"90.0 <class 'float'>\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"#條件判斷: if, elif, else \n",
"考慮一個情境。要讓電腦做出以下判斷。 \n",
"a是一個整數變數, \n",
"- 如果 a=1 時輸出`a=1`\n",
"- 如果 a<1 時輸出`a<1`\n",
"- 如果 a>1 時輸出`a>1` \n",
"\n",
"```\n",
"if 條件1:\n",
" 條件1的處理程式\n",
"(elif 條件2:\n",
" 條件2的處理程式\n",
")\n",
"(elif 條件3:\n",
" 條件3的處理程式\n",
")\n",
"(else:\n",
" 處理程式\n",
")\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"##條件\n",
"結果會是 True/False (布林類型)。 \n",
"\n",
"比較運算子：\n",
"`>`, `<`, `==`, `>=`, `<=`, `!=`"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "jvWVP4aisrZH"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"# 交通號誌\n",
"is_green = False\n",
"if is_green:\n",
" print('go')\n",
"print('----')"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "cB_RM-s7xxEH",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "a5d8d8be-8535-4824-877e-2146ba6c00fc"
},
"execution_count": 40,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"----\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"a = int(input('a= '))\n",
"if a == 1:\n",
" print('a = 1')\n",
"elif a > 1:\n",
" print('a > 1')\n",
"else:\n",
" print('a < 1')"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "p9yFJVOXzuPr",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "024299e5-b800-435e-b577-16d920b28081"
},
"execution_count": 43,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"a= 2\n",
"a > 1\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"#迴圈處理: while, for\n",
"\n",
"## while迴圈(while loop)\n",
"\n",
"常用於重複執行某段程式碼。 \n",
"```\n",
"while 條件:\n",
" 處理程式\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"注意： \n",
"1. 迴圈處理的範圍要「縮排」。 \n",
"2. 條件要設定好，避免造成「**無限迴圈**」。\n",
"3. break, continue的使用。 \n",
"break：立即終止迴圈處理。 \n",
"continue：停止本次的迴圈處理，開始下一次的迴圈處理。"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "05dIO2GRs5nO"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"a = 0\n",
"while a < 5: \n",
" a = a + 1\n",
" if a==3:\n",
" continue\n",
" print('hello')\n",
" \n"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "tTiBaj2dr1Up",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "307c606e-542c-4843-ed3c-9095c526b390"
},
"execution_count": 46,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"hello\n",
"hello\n",
"hello\n",
"hello\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"## for迴圈(for loop)\n",
"```\n",
"for 變數 in 可迭代的資料型態(iterable_object):\n",
" 處理程式\n",
"```\n",
"\n",
"iterable object 例子:\n",
"- list\n",
"- range\n",
"- string "
],
"metadata": {
"id": "giSODxzXr3R9"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"data = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]\n",
"for x in data:\n",
" if (x == 2):\n",
" continue\n",
" print(x*2)\n"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "sozcNVyUuEpv",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "4a0d4f2c-9ff1-4903-e80c-6bf89651882b"
},
"execution_count": 50,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"0\n",
"2\n",
"6\n",
"8\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"# 猜數字"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "czaaGnExskMt"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"import random\n",
"\n",
"answer = random.randint(0, 10)\n",
"play = True\n",
"while(play):\n",
" guess = int(input('猜一個數字'))\n",
" if guess > answer:\n",
" print('太高了')\n",
" elif guess < answer:\n",
" print('太低了')\n",
" else:\n",
" print('答對了')\n",
" play = False"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "IPhAA_-RohuY",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"outputId": "7b11c3a8-6b81-4be6-8887-652d5543236d"
},
"execution_count": 52,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"猜一個數字0\n",
"太低了\n",
"猜一個數字6\n",
"太低了\n",
"猜一個數字8\n",
"太低了\n",
"猜一個數字9\n",
"太低了\n",
"猜一個數字10\n",
"答對了\n"
]
}
]
}
]
}
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