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class MyApplication : Application() {
    var dependencies: Dependencies = DefaultDependencies()
}

interface Dependencies {
    val thing: Thing
}

fun Activity.dependencies(): Dependencies {
    return (this.application as MyApplication).dependencies

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import android.app.Activity
import android.content.Context
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment
import kotlin.reflect.KClass
import kotlin.reflect.KProperty

class ObjectProvider {

    private val providers = mutableMapOf<Class<*>, () -> Any?>()
    private val singletons = mutableMapOf<Class<*>, Any?>()

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package org.odk.collect.android.instrumented;

import android.media.MediaRecorder;

import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import java.io.File;

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public final class Helpers {

    private Helpers() {

    }

    public static String createMockReference(ReferenceManager referenceManager, String referenceURI) throws InvalidReferenceException {
        String localURI = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        return createMockReference(referenceManager, referenceURI, localURI);
    }

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Pain experienced during MediaPlayer refactor

I recently spent some time refactoring how Collect interacts with the Android MediaPlayer (PR here). This resulted in my having to touch a fair amount of the stack involed in form entry so I thought it would be good to do a write up of the pain I experienced (within the code) with some suggestions around improvement we could make.

Disclaimer: all the "Next steps" are definitely just my own and first opinion so are very open to discussion.

ODKView having a lifecycle but not being a Fragment

When Collect renders a Form it uses an ODKView to represent each question (FormEntryPrompt) or "group" of questions. This view is hosted inside a FormEntryActivity. When the user swipes from left to right the ODKView is removed from the view hierarchy and a new one is made for the new question.

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Post Mortem: Basic auth issue

What did I see?

• A Slack message form Helene asking me to look at a Github issue that looked like a production bug.

What actually happened?

• A change in our OpenRosa http layer (from Apache HttpClient to OkHttp) had created a change in behaviour where, after successfully authenticating with a server over HTTPS, Collect would always preemptively send credentials using Basic Authentication regardless of the Authentication scheme initially used.
• This problem meant that servers that assumed the Authorization header was a Digest one would break.

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Null safety

Kotlin adds null safety into into it's type system as a first class concept. The following would not compile:

val maybe: String = null

In Kotlin every type has a corresponding 'optional' type denoted with a ?:

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enum Direction {
  case Left
  case Right
}

func angle(direction: Direction): Int {
  switch(direction) {
    case Left: return 90
    case Right: return -90
  }

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$ fly --atcURL http://ci.initech.com:8080 execute -c test.yml --exclude-ignored </dev/null | cat
Connecting to 10.0.2.15:8080 (10.0.2.15:8080)
-                    100% |*******************************| 10320k  0:00:00 ETA
initializing with docker:///cstott/node-ruby-kitchen-sink
running script/test.sh
+ git submodule init
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
	LANGUAGE = (unset),
	LC_ALL = (unset),

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@Test
public void contentViewShouldBeMeasuredWithSpecExactly() {
    Activity activity = Robolectric.buildActivity(Activity.class).create().get();
    final int[] measureModes = {0, 0};
    View contentView = new View(activity) {
        @Override
        protected void onMeasure(final int widthMeasureSpec, final int heightMeasureSpec) {
            super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
            measureModes[0] = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
            measureModes[1] = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);