ipython 路徑問題

ipython-path-issue.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "appnope==0.1.0\r\n",
      "backcall==0.1.0\r\n",
      "bleach==3.0.2\r\n",
      "decorator==4.3.0\r\n",
      "defusedxml==0.5.0\r\n",
      "entrypoints==0.2.3\r\n",
      "ipykernel==5.1.0\r\n",
      "ipython==7.0.1\r\n",
      "ipython-genutils==0.2.0\r\n",
      "ipywidgets==7.4.2\r\n",
      "jedi==0.13.1\r\n",
      "Jinja2==2.10\r\n",
      "jsonschema==2.6.0\r\n",
      "jupyter==1.0.0\r\n",
      "jupyter-client==5.2.3\r\n",
      "jupyter-console==6.0.0\r\n",
      "jupyter-core==4.4.0\r\n",
      "MarkupSafe==1.0\r\n",
      "mistune==0.8.4\r\n",
      "nbconvert==5.4.0\r\n",
      "nbformat==4.4.0\r\n",
      "notebook==5.7.0\r\n",
      "pandocfilters==1.4.2\r\n",
      "parso==0.3.1\r\n",
      "pexpect==4.6.0\r\n",
      "pickleshare==0.7.5\r\n",
      "prometheus-client==0.4.2\r\n",
      "prompt-toolkit==2.0.6\r\n",
      "ptyprocess==0.6.0\r\n",
      "Pygments==2.2.0\r\n",
      "python-dateutil==2.7.3\r\n",
      "pyzmq==17.1.2\r\n",
      "qtconsole==4.4.2\r\n",
      "Send2Trash==1.5.0\r\n",
      "simplegeneric==0.8.1\r\n",
      "six==1.11.0\r\n",
      "terminado==0.8.1\r\n",
      "testpath==0.4.2\r\n",
      "tornado==5.1.1\r\n",
      "traitlets==4.3.2\r\n",
      "wcwidth==0.1.7\r\n",
      "webencodings==0.5.1\r\n",
      "widgetsnbextension==3.4.2\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!pip freeze #先列出目前安裝的套件"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "已安裝 ipython，版本是 7.0.1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Name: ipython\r\n",
      "Version: 7.0.1\r\n",
      "Summary: IPython: Productive Interactive Computing\r\n",
      "Home-page: https://ipython.org\r\n",
      "Author: The IPython Development Team\r\n",
      "Author-email: ipython-dev@python.org\r\n",
      "License: BSD\r\n",
      "Location: /Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/lib/python3.7/site-packages\r\n",
      "Requires: setuptools, pexpect, backcall, appnope, decorator, pygments, pickleshare, traitlets, jedi, prompt-toolkit, simplegeneric\r\n",
      "Required-by: jupyter-console, ipywidgets, ipykernel\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!pip show ipython #再來看看 ipython 安裝的路徑"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "ipython 函式庫安裝在\n",
    "/Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/lib/python3.7/site-packages"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\u001b[34mbin\u001b[m\u001b[m                \u001b[34minclude\u001b[m\u001b[m            pip-selfcheck.json \u001b[34mshare\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[34metc\u001b[m\u001b[m                \u001b[34mlib\u001b[m\u001b[m                pyvenv.cfg\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls /Users/tomkao/jupyter_env #來看看函式庫上一層目錄有些什麼？"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "bin 是二進位檔（執行檔）的目錄"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "activate                 \u001b[31mjupyter\u001b[m\u001b[m                  \u001b[31mjupyter-run\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "activate.csh             \u001b[31mjupyter-bundlerextension\u001b[m\u001b[m \u001b[31mjupyter-serverextension\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "activate.fish            \u001b[31mjupyter-console\u001b[m\u001b[m          \u001b[31mjupyter-troubleshoot\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[31measy_install\u001b[m\u001b[m             \u001b[31mjupyter-kernel\u001b[m\u001b[m           \u001b[31mjupyter-trust\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[31measy_install-3.7\u001b[m\u001b[m         \u001b[31mjupyter-kernelspec\u001b[m\u001b[m       \u001b[31mpip\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[31miptest\u001b[m\u001b[m                   \u001b[31mjupyter-migrate\u001b[m\u001b[m          \u001b[31mpip3\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[31miptest3\u001b[m\u001b[m                  \u001b[31mjupyter-nbconvert\u001b[m\u001b[m        \u001b[31mpip3.7\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[31mipython\u001b[m\u001b[m                  \u001b[31mjupyter-nbextension\u001b[m\u001b[m      \u001b[31mpygmentize\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[31mipython3\u001b[m\u001b[m                 \u001b[31mjupyter-notebook\u001b[m\u001b[m         \u001b[35mpython\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n",
      "\u001b[31mjsonschema\u001b[m\u001b[m               \u001b[31mjupyter-qtconsole\u001b[m\u001b[m        \u001b[35mpython3\u001b[m\u001b[m\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ls /Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/bin #再來看看二進位檔目錄裡有什麼？"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "ipython 在 /Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/bin/ipython，所以路徑是 /Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/bin。但是要怎樣才能讓系統找到它？"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/bin:/Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!echo $PATH #列出 PATH 的環境變數"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "PATH 環境變數裡面有 /Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/bin"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "7.0.1\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!ipython --version #直接執行 ipython 應該就會找到"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "真的可以耶，可是如果沒有要怎麼辦？"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "bash 的環境變數設定，在家目錄下面的 .bash_profile。以我的例子是在 /Users/tomkao/.bash_profile，~/ 是家目錄的捷徑\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8\r\n",
      "export LANG=en_US.UTF-8\r\n",
      "export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!cat ~/.bash_profile #列出環境變數設定檔"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "把二進位檔目錄加到 PATH 環境變數設定"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8\r\n",
      "export LANG=en_US.UTF-8\r\n",
      "export PATH=/Users/tomkao/jupyter_env/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH\r\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "!cat ~/.bash_profile #列出修改後的環境變數設定檔"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "這樣應該就可以了（撒花）"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Pro Tip: .開頭的檔案是隱藏檔，若用圖形化文字編輯器，要開啟上層目錄才看得到喔"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Pro Tip: 修改環境變數，要重新啟動終端機才會生效。或用下面指令重新載入環境變數"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!source ~/.bash_profile #重新載入環境變數設定檔"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "因為 python 有許多不同的安裝方式，你的路徑可能會不同。要想想看路徑的邏輯，自己調整一下吧。"
   ]
  }
 ],
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  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
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  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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 "nbformat": 4,
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