安装并配置ubuntu的记录

install.md

Ubuntu18一些软件配置记录

来自网上的一些内容，做一下整理备用

安装系统

安装时，修改grub 在grub编辑里quiet splash 后添加nomodeset,然后启动，若分辨率过低，可用ALT+F7来移动窗口

换清华源

sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" 

### 更新，装工具
```shell
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install vim gcc g++ git zsh python3-dev python3-pip gparted gnome-tweak-tool cutecom gimp steam shutter \
telegram-desktop  chromium-browser transmission unrar zip unzip aria2 fcitx exfat-utils openssh-client \
openssh-server

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:fossfreedom/indicator-sysmonitor 
sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get install indicator-sysmonitor

安装Nvidia驱动

sudo ubuntu-drivers devices
 
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall

更新grub

sudo vi /etc/default/grub
# 把文件中"...splash"引号内的文本添加一段改成"... splash acpi_osi=linux"
# :wq,保存退出
sudo update-grub2
sudo update-grub

双硬盘将机械硬盘挂载到/home

先用Gparted进行分区，然后在移动挂载

#找到硬盘UUID
blkid
sudo vim /etc/fstab
# 增加UUID=新分区  /home          ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
#挂载新分区来备份
sudo mkdir /mnt/tmp
sudo mount /dev/新分区号  /mnt/tmp
#备份
sudo rsync -avx  /home /mnt/tmp
su root
rm -rf /home
mkdir /home
reboot

安装oh my zsh 和powerline字体

cd /tmp
sudo apt-get install zsh
sudo sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
git clone https://github.com/powerline/fonts.git
sudo ./fonts/install.sh
sudo chsh -s /usr/bin/zsh

修复双系统时间错误

sudo apt install ntpdate
sudo ntpdate time.windows.com
sudo hwclock --localtime --systohc

Jupyter服务器搭建

pip3 install jupyter
sudo chown -R user:user ~/.local/share/jupyter    #修改jupyter用户权限，以普通用户运行
jupyter notebook --no-browser   # 测试
# 创建hash密码
ipython
from IPython.lib import passwd
passwd()
# 生成 /home/ipynb/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py 文件
jupyter notebook --generate-config
"""
c.NotebookApp.certfile = u'/home/ipynb/cert.pem'    # 证书文件
c.NotebookApp.keyfile = u'/home/ipynb/privkey.pem'  # 私钥文件
c.NotebookApp.ip = '*'                              # 允许从任意 IP 访问
c.NotebookApp.open_browser = False                  # 运行 notebook 应用时不打开浏览器
c.NotebookApp.password = u'sha1:e9e608cacbb2:da88........2cf0c8c26877b7179100d8fd545a'  # 密码的 hash 值
c.NotebookApp.port = 28888  # 运行端口

#virtualenv多环境配置jupyter，先进入Pytorch环境
pip install ipykernel 
python -m ipykernel install --user --name Pytorch –display-name “Python3(pytorch)”
"""

# 启动服务
nohup jupyter-notebook &

下载typora

下载网易云音乐

安装eletron-ssr

下载Sogou输入法

安装wps2019并解决字体问题

安装python-opencv

pip3 install python-opencv

安装ariang chrome扩展

安装ros melodic

sudo sh -c '. /etc/lsb-release && echo "deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ros/ubuntu/ $DISTRIB_CODENAME main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-key 421C365BD9FF1F717815A3895523BAEEB01FA116
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ros-melodic-desktop-full
sudo rosdep init
sudo rosdep update
sudo echo "source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.zsh" >> ~/.zshrc
sudo source ~/.zshrc
sudo apt install python-rosinstall python-rosinstall-generator python-wstool build-essential

pip3安装一些常用软件包

sudo rm /usr/bin/python
sudo rm /usr/bin/pip
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python3  /usr/bin/python
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip
pip install -r requirements.txt

安装ffmpeg

wget http://www.libsdl.org/release/SDL2-2.0.8.tar.gz
wget https://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-4.0.2.tar.bz2
sudo apt-get install yasm
sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev
＃安装SDL
tar -zxvf SDL2-2.0.8.tar.gz
cd SDL2-2.0.8
mkdir build
cd build
../configure
make
sudo make install
# 安装ffmpeg
tar jxvf ffmpeg-4.0.2.tar.bz2
cd ffmpeg-4.0.2
mkdir build
cd ./build
../configure
make
# 验证成功
ffmpeg -version
ffplay -version

开启ssh-server服务

ps -e|grep ssh  # 查看ssh服务状态
sudo/etc/init.d/ssh start   #启动服务
sudo /etc/init.d/ssh stop   #停止服务
sudo /etc/init.d/sshresart   #重启服务

禁用笔记本自带键盘

xinput list   #找出键盘ID
xinput set-prop id "Device Enabled" 0   #禁用该ID的设备

安装virtualbox

安装wireshark抓包工具

sudo apt-get install wireshark
#若安装后打开，权限不足
sudo apt-get install libcap2-bin
#添加一个组，名字为 wireshark ..我执行时，提示已经存在相同名字的组了
sudo groupadd wireshark  
#把自己当前的用户名添加到 wireshark组
sudo usermod -a -G wireshark YOUR-USER-NAME
newgrp wireshark
#修改组别
sudo chgrp wireshark /usr/bin/dumpcap
#添加执行权限
sudo chmod 754 /usr/bin/dumpcap
#下面两句执行其中一句就可以了，我执行的是第一句
sudo setcap cap_net_raw,cap_net_admin=eip /usr/bin/dumpcap
sudo setcap 'CAP_NET_RAW+eip CAP_NET_ADMIN+eip' /usr/bin/dumpcap

安装win虚拟机

#虚拟机内安装tim/wechat/微云/百度云/office/

mega网盘

一些问题

grub手动引导

ls
ls (hd1,gpt1)/
set root=(hd1,gpt2)
set prefix=(hd1,gpt2)/boot/grub
normal

开发工具

• minicom
• cutecom
• arduino

机器学习环境配置

• 安装tensorflow2.0
• pip install tensorflow==2.0.0-alpha0

GRUB修复

set root=(hd0,gpt2)
set prefix=(hd0,gpt2)/boot/grub
insmod normal
normal

视频剪辑

• Kdenlive
• Arctime 字幕
• pyTranscriber （语音生成字幕)
• avidenmux砍柴
• openshot剪辑
• blender
• DaVinci (需要libcuda)