History of Microsoft SQL Server
Extended support for SQL Server 2005 ended on April 12, 2016
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The history of Microsoft SQL Server begins with the first Microsoft SQL Server product - SQL Server 1. About the time Windows NT was released in July , Sybase and Microsoft parted ways and each pursued its own design and marketing schemes. Microsoft negotiated exclusive rights to all versions of SQL Server written for Microsoft operating systems. In Sybase changed the name of its product to Adaptive Server Enterprise to avoid confusion with Microsoft SQL Server. Data pages were enlarged from 2k bytes to 8k bytes. Extents thereby grew from 16k bytes to 64k bytes. User Mode Scheduling UMS was introduced to handle SQL Server threads better than Windows pre-emptive multi-threading. SQL Server included more modifications and extensions to the Sybase code base, adding support for the IA architecture now out of "mainstream" support [2]. By SQL Server the legacy Sybase code had been completely rewritten. Since the release of SQL Server , advances have been made in performance, the client IDE tools, and several complementary systems that are packaged with SQL Server SQL Server also introduced many T-SQL language enhancements, such as table variables, user-defined functions, indexed views, INSTEAD OF triggers, cascading referential constraints and some basic XML support. SQL Server formerly codenamed "Yukon" released in November It included native support for managing XML data, in addition to relational data. For this purpose, it defined an xml data type that could be used either as a data type in database columns or as literals in queries. XML columns can be associated with XSD schemas; XML data being stored is verified against the schema. XML is converted to an internal binary data type before being stored in the database. Specialized indexing methods were made available for XML data. XML data is queried using XQuery ; SQL Server added some extensions to the T-SQL language to allow embedding XQuery queries in T-SQL. In addition, it also defines a new extension to XQuery, called XML DML, that allows query-based modifications to XML data. SQL Server also allows a database server to be exposed over web services using Tabular Data Stream TDS packets encapsulated within SOAP protocol requests. When the data is accessed over web services, results are returned as XML. Common Language Runtime CLR integration was introduced with this version, enabling one to write SQL code as Managed Code by the CLR. SQL Server has also been enhanced with new indexing algorithms, syntax and better error recovery systems. Data pages are checksummed for better error resiliency, and optimistic concurrency support has been added for better performance. Permissions and access control have been made more granular and the query processor handles concurrent execution of queries in a more efficient way. Partitions on tables and indexes are supported natively, so scaling out a database onto a cluster is easier. SQL CLR was introduced with SQL Server to let it integrate with the. SQL Server introduced Multi-Version Concurrency Control MVCC. User facing features include new transaction isolation level called SNAPSHOT and a variation of the READ COMMITTED isolation level based on statement-level data snapshots. SQL Server introduced "MARS" Multiple Active Results Sets , a method of allowing usage of database connections for multiple purposes. SQL Server introduced DMVs Dynamic Management Views , which are specialized views and functions that return server state information that can be used to monitor the health of a server instance, diagnose problems, and tune performance. Service Pack 1 SP1 of SQL Server introduced Database Mirroring, a high availability option that provides redundancy and failover capabilities at the database level. Automatic failover requires a witness partner and an operating mode of synchronous also known as high-safety or full safety. Prior to SP1, it was not enabled by default, and was not supported by Microsoft. SQL Server also includes support for structured and semi-structured data, including digital media formats for pictures, audio, video and other multimedia data. In current versions, such multimedia data can be stored as BLOBs binary large objects , but they are generic bitstreams. Intrinsic awareness of multimedia data will allow specialized functions to be performed on them. According to Paul Flessner , senior Vice President of Server Applications at Microsoft, SQL Server can be a data storage backend for different varieties of data: Other new data types include specialized date and time types and a Spatial data type for location-dependent data. Such files can be accessed both via Win32 file handling APIs as well as via SQL Server using T-SQL ; doing the latter accesses the file data as a BLOB. Backing up and restoring the database backs up or restores the referenced files as well. The full-text search functionality has been integrated with the database engine. According to a Microsoft technical article, this simplifies management and improves performance. Spatial data will be stored in two types. A "Flat Earth" GEOMETRY or planar data type represents geospatial data which has been projected from its native, spherical, coordinate system into a plane. A "Round Earth" data type GEOGRAPHY uses an ellipsoidal model in which the Earth is defined as a single continuous entity which does not suffer from the singularities such as the international dateline, poles, or map projection zone "edges". Approximately 70 methods are available to represent spatial operations for the Open Geospatial Consortium Simple Features for SQL , Version 1. SQL Server includes better compression features, which also helps in improving scalability. It also includes Resource Governor that allows reserving resources for certain users or workflows. It also includes capabilities for transparent encryption of data TDE as well as compression of backups. NET Entity Framework and the reporting tools, replication, and data definition will be built around the Entity Data Model. The final SQL Server service pack SQL Server R2 SQL Server R2 includes a number of new services, [28] including PowerPivot for Excel and SharePoint , Master Data Services , StreamInsight , Report Builder 3. The first SQL Server R2 service pack The second SQL Server R2 service pack The final SQL Server R2 service pack At the Professional Association for SQL Server PASS summit on October 11, Microsoft announced that the next major version of SQL Server codenamed "Denali" , would be SQL Server It was released to manufacturing on March 6, It was announced to be the last version to natively support OLE DB and instead to prefer ODBC for native connectivity. SQL Server was released to manufacturing on March 18, , and released to the general public on April 1, and the build number was Whilst small tables may be entirely resident in memory in all versions of SQL Server, they also may reside on disk, so work is involved in reserving RAM , writing evicted pages to disk, loading new pages from disk, locking the pages in RAM while they are being operated on, and many other tasks. For disk-based SQL Server applications, it also provides the SSD Buffer Pool Extension, which can improve performance by cache between RAM and spinning media. In addition, it takes advantage of new Windows Server and Windows Server R2 capabilities for database application scalability in a physical or virtual environment. Microsoft provides three versions of SQL Server for downloading: SQL Server SP1, consisting primarily of bugfixes, was released on May 15, Microsoft SQL Server is the most recent version available. The official General Availability GA release date for SQL Server was June 1, The RTM version is SQL Server is supported on x64 processors only. It is no longer supported on x86 processors. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Older version, still supported. Inexpensive Backup Solutions for Open Systems. Next SQL Server stop: Archived from the original on SQL Release Services Blog. Microsoft SQL Server R2". Retrieved March 7, Pro Spatial with SQL Server Microsoft SQL Server " in German. Retrieved 17 May Retrieved from " https: Database management systems Windows Server System Microsoft database software Relational database management systems Client-server database management systems. CS1 German-language sources de All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from June Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in. Views Read Edit View history. Navigation Main page Contents Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Wikipedia store. Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact page. Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Wikidata item Cite this page. This page was last edited on 9 May , at Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Developers Cookie statement Mobile view. Old version, no longer supported: Older version, yet still supported: Latest preview version of a future release: Old version Older version, still supported Latest version Latest preview version Future release.
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